Super-large-diameter slurry balance shield tunneling machine suitable for complex stratum

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, and particularly relates to a super-large-diameter slurry balance shield tunneling machine suitable for complex stratum.The super-large-diameter slurry balance shield tunneling machine comprises a shield tunneling machine body, a cutter head is installed on the shield tunneling machine body, and a slurry cabin is formed between the cutter head and the shield tunneling machine body; the upper end of the muddy water cabin is provided with a slurry inlet pipe, the lower end of the muddy water cabin is provided with a slurry outlet pipe, the screw conveyer is connected to the lower end of the muddy water cabin, the screw conveyer is provided with a crushing mechanism, and an outlet of the screw conveyer is provided with a diluting and mixing box; the spiral conveyor is connected to the mud water cabin through the connecting cylinder, and the mud water outlet pipe is installed on the connecting cylinder; a branch pipe is mounted between the slurry outlet pipe and the slurry inlet pipe; packing augers which are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the connecting cylinder are mounted in the muddy water cabin; the system is simple in structure, and continuous, efficient and safe deslagging operation is achieved through the innovative design of a double-channel heterogeneous slurry discharging system and the combination of intelligent cooperative control logic.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a super-large diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata. BACKGROUND

[0002] In industry practice, shield machines with excavation diameters exceeding 12 meters are generally defined as "super-large diameter shield machines", and one of the core technical bottlenecks faced by such shield machines in the process of tunneling is the efficient and reliable discharge of spoil; The traditional single-channel slurry discharge system often causes spoil accumulation in the slurry tank and air cushion tank, forming a "lagging discharge" phenomenon, due to uneven mud circulation and reduced flow rate, etc., when facing super-large diameter excavation faces, which not only significantly reduces the tunneling efficiency, leading to delays in the construction period and increased costs, but more seriously, it can cause abnormal fluctuations in the pressure of the slurry tank, threatening the stability of the tunnel face, and even inducing major safety incidents such as cutterhead mud cake, gushing, collapse, etc. Especially when passing through complex and variable strata such as soft upper and hard lower, containing boulders and driftwood, strongly weathered rock strata, etc., the traditional slurry discharge system is almost unable to effectively handle large-sized stones or highly viscous soil, causing frequent shutdowns for maintenance due to blockage of the slurry discharge pipeline or damage to subsequent slurry pumps, and for some stones or soil with sizes close to the upper limit of the safety range, although they can be wrapped in mud and transported through the slurry discharge pipeline, they are prone to sedimentation during long-distance flow in the slurry discharge pipeline, resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the slurry discharge pipeline or blockage, requiring shutdown maintenance or repair of the shield machine, thus the performance advantages of the super-large diameter shield machine cannot be fully utilized. Therefore, the core purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, easy blockage, and poor geological adaptability of existing super-large diameter slurry balance shield machines in complex geological conditions. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art, through the innovative design of a dual-channel, heterogeneous slurry discharge system, combined with intelligent collaborative control logic, the present application proposes a super-large diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata, which realizes continuous, efficient and safe spoil discharge operations.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is as follows: the super-large diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata, comprising a shield machine main body, a cutterhead mounted on the shield machine main body, the cutterhead driven by a main drive, and a slurry tank formed between the cutterhead and the shield machine main body; Two slurry discharge channels, a gas cushion direct discharge channel and a collaborative transport channel, are provided on the slurry tank, the gas cushion direct discharge channel comprises a slurry outlet pipe, and the collaborative transport channel comprises a screw conveyor and a dilution mixing tank; The upper end of the slurry tank is provided with a slurry inlet pipe, the slurry outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the slurry tank, the inlet of the screw conveyor is connected to the lower end of the slurry tank, the outlet of the screw conveyor is integrated with a multi-stage crushing mechanism, and the outlet of the screw conveyor is provided with a dilution mixing box; The inlet of the screw conveyor is connected to the slurry tank through a connecting cylinder, the spiral plate of the screw conveyor extends into the connecting cylinder, the slurry outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the connecting cylinder close to the slurry tank, the slurry outlet pipe is connected to the slurry tank through the connecting cylinder, and the screw conveyor is periodically started and operated. The slurry outlet pipe is provided with ultrasonic sensing devices and millimeter wave radar sensing devices, and the slurry outlet pipe is provided with a branch pipe connected to the slurry inlet pipe. The inner wall of the slurry tank is provided with a power cylinder and a lifting cylinder, a flexible auger is arranged between the power cylinder and the lifting cylinder through a connecting shaft, the auger is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting cylinder, a water jet pipe is arranged on the surface of the auger, a cavity is formed in the connecting shaft of the power cylinder, a connecting ring is arranged on the connecting shaft, the connecting ring is connected to the slurry inlet pipe through a connecting pipeline, and the water jet pipe, the cavity and the connecting ring are in communication with each other.

[0005] Preferably, the part of the spiral plate located in the connecting cylinder is a grid spiral plate, and the surface of the grid spiral plate is provided with through grooves.

[0006] Preferably, the spiral plate in the screw conveyor extends into the slurry tank through the connecting cylinder, the inlet of the connecting cylinder faces the rear of the cutter head, and the pitch of the part of the spiral plate located in the slurry tank is smaller than the pitch of other parts.

[0007] Preferably, the spiral plate in the slurry tank is made of elastic rubber plate, the surface of the spiral plate in the slurry tank is in contact with the inner wall of the slurry tank, and the surface of the auger is covered with a rubber layer.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the slurry outlet pipe close to the connecting cylinder is provided with an elbow section, the slurry outlet pipe and the connecting cylinder are arranged to be inclined relative to the vertical plane, the elbow section of the slurry outlet pipe and the connecting cylinder are located in the same plane, and the shape of the elbow section includes but is not limited to U-shaped, W-shaped and S-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the elbow section part of the slurry outlet pipe is made of elastic pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the elbow section is arranged on a corresponding shaped support through a spring, and a vibrator is arranged on the surface of the elbow section.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting point between the branch pipe and the slurry outlet pipe is located below the slurry outlet pipe, and the branch pipe is arranged to be inclined relative to the slurry outlet pipe.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. The super-large-diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata provided by the present application forms a double-channel heterogeneous design through the arrangement of the slurry tank, slurry outlet pipe, screw conveyor and dilution mixing box, and automatically judges the working condition and decides to start any one or both of the slurry discharge channels for slurry discharge according to the real-time tunneling parameters and taking the stability of the soil chamber pressure as the judgment basis for the switching of the slurry discharge channel, thereby avoiding the occurrence of slurry discharge lagging and slurry discharge pipe blockage, ensuring high slurry discharge efficiency and high shield machine tunneling efficiency, and improving construction efficiency.

[0013] 2. The super-large-diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata provided by the present application uses the grid spiral plate and connecting cylinder to act as a barrier net to screen the slurry entering the slurry outlet pipe, thereby reducing the number of residue particles with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range carried in the slurry, ensuring smooth discharge of the slurry from the slurry outlet pipe, avoiding the settlement of large-particle residue particles after long-distance flow of the slurry, resulting in a decrease in the diameter of the slurry outlet pipe or blockage, and simultaneously conveying the intercepted large rocks, soil blocks and residue particles with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range by the screw conveyor, crushing them, discharging them after reducing the particle size, ensuring smooth and efficient discharge of the shield machine, and simultaneously cooperating with each other to enable the shield machine to adapt to almost all complex geologies from uniform sand to hard rock strata containing boulders and boulders, thereby improving the use range of the shield machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the installation of the slurry inlet pipe and the slurry outlet pipe in the shield machine of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the installation of the slurry inlet pipe, slurry outlet pipe and screw conveyor in the shield machine of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the inside of the slurry tank in the shield machine of the present application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the auger in the shield machine of the present application; Figure 5 is Figure 2 is a local enlarged view of A in Figure 6 is a schematic view of the installation position of the slurry outlet pipe, connecting cylinder and screw conveyor in the shield machine of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the installation position of the upper elbow section of the slurry outlet pipe and the connecting cylinder in the shield machine of the present application; In the figure: shield machine body 1, main drive 11, cutter head 12, slurry tank 2, slurry inlet pipe 3, slurry outlet pipe 31, screw conveyor 4, dilution mixing box 41, grid spiral plate 42, connecting cylinder 43, elastic rubber plate 44, auger 5, power cylinder 51, lifting cylinder 52, connecting shaft 53, water jet pipe 6, cavity 61, connecting ring 62, connecting pipeline 63. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the present application relates to a large-diameter slurry balance shield machine suitable for complex strata, which comprises a shield machine body 1, wherein a cutter head 12 is installed on the shield machine body 1, the cutter head 12 is driven by a main drive 11, and a slurry tank 2 is formed between the cutter head 12 and the shield machine body 1. Two slurry discharge channels, namely a gas cushion direct discharge channel and a cooperative conveying channel, are arranged on the slurry tank 2, the gas cushion direct discharge channel comprises a slurry outlet pipe 31, and the cooperative conveying channel comprises a screw conveyor 4 and a dilution mixing box 41. A slurry inlet pipe 3 is installed at the upper end of the slurry tank 2, the slurry outlet pipe 31 is installed at the lower end of the slurry tank 2, the inlet of the screw conveyor 4 is connected to the lower end of the slurry tank 2, a multi-stage crushing mechanism is integratedly installed in the outlet of the screw conveyor 4, and the dilution mixing box 41 is installed at the outlet of the screw conveyor 4. The inlet of the screw conveyor 4 is connected to the slurry tank 2 through a connecting cylinder 43, the spiral plate of the screw conveyor 4 extends into the connecting cylinder 43, the slurry outlet pipe 31 is installed at one end of the connecting cylinder 43 close to the slurry tank 2, the slurry outlet pipe 31 is connected to the slurry tank 2 through the connecting cylinder 43, and the screw conveyor 4 is periodically started and operated. Ultrasonic sensing devices and millimeter wave radar sensing devices are installed on the slurry outlet pipe 31, branch pipes are installed on the slurry outlet pipe 31, and the branch pipes are connected to the slurry inlet pipe 3. Power cylinders 51 and lifting cylinders 52 are installed on the inner wall of the slurry tank 2, a flexible auger 5 is installed between the power cylinders 51 and the lifting cylinders 52 through a connecting shaft 53, the auger 5 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting cylinder 43, water jet pipes 6 are installed on the surface of the auger 5, a cavity 61 is formed in the connecting shaft 53 on the power cylinder 51, a connecting ring 62 is installed on the connecting shaft 53, the connecting ring 62 is connected to the slurry inlet pipe 3 through a connecting pipeline 63, and the water jet pipes 6, the cavity 61 and the connecting ring 62 are in communication with each other. When working, the mud pump pumps fresh circulating mud into the slurry tank 2 through the mud inlet pipe 3, and the sludge generated by the cutterhead 12 is carried by the mud in the slurry tank 2. When the mud flows to the lower part of the slurry tank 2, the mud pump generates negative pressure on the mud outlet pipe 31, so that the mud and sludge in the slurry tank 2 are discharged to the ground through the mud outlet pipe 31. After the sludge and mud are separated, the mud is recycled; At the same time, under the condition of good geological conditions and stable tunneling parameters, the connecting cylinder 43 and the mud outlet pipe 31 at the lower part of the slurry tank 2, which are aligned with the rear of the cutterhead 12, can suck out the newly excavated sludge and circulating mud in the slurry tank 2, thereby minimizing the time of sludge staying and depositing in the slurry tank 2, ensuring high tunneling efficiency of the shield machine and avoiding the phenomenon of slow discharge; At the same time, when passing through complex and variable strata such as soft upper and hard lower, containing boulders and strong weathered rock strata, large rocks or high-viscosity soil will enter the slurry tank 2, causing the sludge in the slurry tank 2 to be difficult to discharge quickly. At this time, the spiral conveyor 4 is controlled to move, and the spiral conveyor 4 is used to forcibly convey the sludge deposited at the bottom of the slurry tank 2, which has poor fluidity, to speed up the discharge speed of the sludge in the slurry tank 2 and avoid the phenomenon of slow discharge in the slurry tank 2; At the same time, the large rocks and high-viscosity soil conveyed by the spiral conveyor 4 will be conveyed to the integrated multi-stage crushing mechanism: the large rocks are first blocked by the grid, then subjected to primary crushing by the jaw crusher, and then subjected to secondary crushing by the gear roller crusher, ensuring that the size of all solid particles passing through the channel is within a safe and controllable range, thereby completely eliminating the threat to the subsequent pump set and pipeline, avoiding the physical damage risk of large stones to the subsequent equipment and pipeline, and preventing the possible occurrence of malignant accidents such as pipe blockage and pump blockage. At the same time, the crushed sludge discharged from the spiral conveyor 4 will enter the dilution mixing box 41, so that the crushed sludge is mixed and diluted with the incoming mud until the concentration of the sludge is reduced and suitable for pumping to the ground; At the same time, due to the large diameter of the slurry balance shield machine, the diameter of the slurry tank 2 is relatively large, and when the sludge deposits and settles in the slurry tank 2, the sludge will be distributed on the arc surface below the three o'clock and nine o'clock directions in the slurry tank 2. In this case, due to the fixed position of the spiral conveyor 4, the spiral conveyor 4 can only forcibly convey and discharge the sludge in the area near the six o'clock direction in the slurry tank 2, and the sludge deposited in other areas of the arc surface is not easy to gather in the area near the six o'clock direction and be forcibly conveyed out, so that the sludge deposition in the slurry tank 2 gradually becomes serious, and even causes the phenomenon of slow discharge of the sludge in the slurry tank 2; Meanwhile, by installing flexible auger 5 in slurry tank 2, and auger 5 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of connecting cylinder 43, when auger 5 is driven by external hydraulic power or motor, rotating auger 5 will gradually push and transport the deposited muck on the arc surface of the lower part of slurry tank 2 to the area near screw conveyor 4, so that screw conveyor 4 can discharge all the deposited muck with poor fluidity in slurry tank 2, speed up the discharge speed of muck in slurry tank 2, and avoid the phenomenon of slow discharge; Meanwhile, since the distance between cutter head 12 and the bottom surface of slurry tank 2 is relatively large, that is, the width of the arc surface in slurry tank 2 is relatively large, for the same reason, after the muck is deposited on the arc surface of the lower part of slurry tank 2, auger 5 can only push and drive the muck near it to the area near screw conveyor 4, and cannot push and drive the muck deposited on other areas of the arc surface to the area near screw conveyor 4, so that the possibility of continuous deposition of muck on the arc surface is increased, the muck is gradually accumulated, and the phenomenon of slow discharge is caused, therefore, when auger 5 rotates, the control system in the shield machine controls the hydraulic cylinder in lifting cylinder 52 to drive lifting cylinder 52 to reciprocatingly lift and lower, so that auger 5 reciprocatingly moves in the arc area with power cylinder 51 as the origin, thereby promoting the muck deposited on the arc surface of the lower part of slurry tank 2 to be close to screw conveyor 4 and be forced to be transported and discharged, further reducing the deposition of muck in slurry tank 2, avoiding the phenomenon of slow discharge in slurry tank 2, and ensuring the normal operation of the shield machine; Meanwhile, since auger 5 itself has elasticity, the action of lifting cylinder 52 can drive auger 5 to reciprocatingly move in the arc area, ensuring the transportation and pushing effect of the muck deposited on the arc surface, and in the rotating process of auger 5, the control system on the shield machine controls the valve on connecting pipeline 63 to open, so that the fresh mud in mud inlet pipe 3 enters into water jet pipe 6 from connecting pipeline 63, connecting ring 62 and cavity 61, and then the fresh mud is sprayed from water jet pipe 6, thereby impacting and stirring the muck in the area near auger 5, expanding the action range of auger 5, and through the impact of the sprayed mud, avoiding that part of the muck with high viscosity is attached to the surface of auger 5 in the pushing process of auger 5, affecting the normal use of auger 5 and the pushing effect of the muck deposited on the arc surface; Since the screw conveyor 4 is installed into the slurry tank 2 through the connecting cylinder 43, and the connecting cylinder 43 is filled and blocked by the screw plate, when the slurry out pipe 31 installed on the connecting cylinder 43 extracts the slurry in the slurry tank 2, the slurry in the slurry tank 2 will enter the connecting cylinder 43 and then be extracted into the slurry out pipe 31, and then be discharged to the ground. In this process, the screw conveyor 4 is periodically operated, and when the slurry in the slurry tank 2 passes through the connecting cylinder 43, it will be hindered by the screw plate. The large rocks and soil blocks wrapped in the slurry are intercepted and blocked, so that part of the large-particle rocks and soil blocks are intercepted in the connecting cylinder 43 or the position near the inlet of the connecting cylinder 43 in the slurry tank 2, avoiding the large-particle solids with a size close to the upper limit of the safety range from being wrapped and driven into the slurry out pipe 31, thereby achieving the effect of slurry and sludge separation of the slurry in the slurry tank 2 into the slurry pipe, avoiding the particles with a size close to the upper limit of the safety range from moving slowly in the slurry out pipe 31 and depositing, causing the diameter of the slurry out pipe 31 to decrease and be blocked, affecting the normal operation of the shield machine. At the same time, the intercepted particle solids are transported by the periodically operated screw conveyor 4, avoiding accumulation in the connecting cylinder 43 and causing blockage. At the same time, the transported particle solids are crushed by the integrated crushing mechanism, further reducing the size of the particle solids, facilitating subsequent pumping and discharge to the ground, and avoiding all slurry or solid particles passing through the integrated crushing mechanism, so that small-size solid particles are excessively crushed, increasing the workload and working load of the crushing mechanism. At the same time, the slurry movement state and density state in the slurry out pipe 31 are detected by the ultrasonic sensor device and the millimeter wave radar sensor device installed on the slurry out pipe 31. Then, when the control system in the shield machine detects that the slurry in a certain region of the slurry out pipe 31 flows slowly, the density is too large, and there is a possibility of deposition and blockage according to the ultrasonic sensor data and the millimeter wave radar sensor data, the control system opens the valve on the branch pipe corresponding to the region of the slurry out pipe 31, so that the slurry in the slurry in pipe 3 is transported into the region where the slurry in the slurry out pipe 31 flows slowly and may be blocked, thereby diluting and flushing the slurry in the slurry out pipe 31, promoting the slurry to be smoothly discharged from the slurry out pipe 31, avoiding blockage of the slurry out pipe 31, slurry discharge obstruction in the slurry tank 2, and slurry tank 2 stagnation. At the same time, through the dual-channel heterogeneous design, the control system carried in the shield machine can automatically judge the working condition according to the real-time tunneling parameters, and coordinate the slurry discharge work of the two channels. Under normal working conditions, when the geological conditions and the tunneling parameters, such as the torque of the cutter head 12 and the advancing speed, are stable, the control system mainly uses the air cushion direct discharge channel, i.e., the mud discharge pipe 31, to discharge the mud in the slurry tank 2, and uses the cooperative conveying channel for assistance, periodically starts the screw conveyor 4 to convey away the accumulated particle solids with a particle size close to the upper limit of the safe range, and ensures that the sludge in the slurry tank 2 is smoothly discharged without the phenomenon of slow discharge. When the torque of the cutter head 12 instantaneously or continuously increases sharply, indicating that a large obstacle is encountered, and the pressure in the slurry tank 2 and the mud discharge pipeline abnormally fluctuates sharply, the control system mainly uses the cooperative conveying channel and assists the use of the air cushion direct discharge channel, so that the screw conveyor 4 continuously operates to convey and crush the large rocks, and the mud discharge pipe 31 discharges the mud with rocks, thereby ensuring that the sludge and mud in the slurry tank 2 are smoothly discharged, and avoiding the phenomenon of slow discharge of the slurry tank 2. At the same time, through the design of the double channels, the two channels are backup for each other, and when any channel temporarily fails, the other channel can still maintain the sludge discharge work, ensuring the continuity of the shield construction, facilitating equipment maintenance and fault troubleshooting, and improving the reliability of the shield machine.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present application, the part of the spiral plate located in the connecting cylinder 43 is a grid spiral plate 42, and the surface of the grid spiral plate 42 is provided with through grooves; Since the mud discharge pipe 31 is connected to the slurry tank 2 through the connecting cylinder 43, and the spiral plate in the connecting cylinder 43 occupies part of the space, the space for the mud to pass through in the connecting cylinder 43 is relatively small, the amount of mud entering the mud discharge pipe 31 is affected, and the mud discharge flow is reduced. Therefore, the grid spiral plate 42 is arranged on the spiral plate, and the grid spiral plate 42 is located in the connecting cylinder 43. During the process that the mud in the slurry tank 2 passes through the connecting cylinder 43 and enters the mud discharge pipe 31, the mud and the sludge particles with a size within the safe range that are wrapped by the mud can pass through the through grooves on the grid spiral plate 42, so that the mud passes through the connecting cylinder 43, reduces the influence on the mud discharge amount under the condition of ensuring the interception effect of the particles with a size close to the upper limit of the safe range, and quickly discharges the mud in the slurry tank 2, so as to reduce the time of the sludge staying and depositing in the slurry tank 2 as much as possible, improve the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine, and avoid the phenomenon of slow discharge in the slurry tank 2.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present application, the spiral plate in the screw conveyor 4 extends into the slurry tank 2 through the connecting cylinder 43, the inlet of the connecting cylinder 43 faces the rear of the cutter head 12, and the pitch of the part of the spiral plate located in the slurry tank 2 is smaller than the pitch of other parts. The end of the spiral plate extends into the slurry tank 2 through the connecting cylinder 43, stirs the sludge in the lower part of the slurry tank 2, promotes the flow and discharge of the sludge in the slurry tank 2, avoids the sludge in the slurry tank 2 from being unable to be discharged in time due to poor flowability, and causes deposition and lagging discharge, thereby affecting the normal operation of the shield machine. Meanwhile, the spiral plate extending into the slurry tank 2 pushes and drives the sludge in the slurry tank 2 towards the connecting cylinder 43, accelerates the sludge and slurry into the connecting cylinder 43, and then leaves the slurry tank 2 from the slurry outlet pipe 31 or the screw conveyor 4, thereby forming a relatively forced slurry discharge circulation, avoiding poor flowability of the sludge in the slurry tank 2, causing the slurry circulation system to fail, the sludge to deposit and lag in the slurry tank 2, and affecting the tunneling efficiency and normal operation of the shield machine. Meanwhile, the pitch of the part of the spiral plate located in the slurry tank 2 is smaller than the pitch of the other parts, the conveying amount of the material by the spiral plate in the slurry tank 2 is relatively smaller than the conveying amount of the material by the spiral plate in the other parts of the screw conveyor 4, and thus the sludge and slurry can easily enter the connecting cylinder 43 when the sludge and slurry moved by the spiral plate located in the slurry tank 2 enter the connecting cylinder 43, avoiding too much sludge and slurry entering the connecting cylinder 43 at the same time, causing congestion in the connecting cylinder 43, and affecting the discharge efficiency of the sludge and slurry.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present application, the spiral plate in the slurry tank 2 is made of an elastic rubber plate 44, the surface of the spiral plate in the slurry tank 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the slurry tank 2, and the surface of the auger 5 is covered with a rubber layer. Since the sludge and slurry in the slurry tank 2 continuously flow at a relatively fast speed, the spiral plate and the auger 5 extending into the slurry tank 2 are continuously subjected to the scouring of the slurry and solid sludge, the spiral plate and the auger 5 are abraded, the normal use and service life of the spiral plate and the auger 5 are affected, the part of the spiral plate located in the slurry tank 2 is made of an elastic rubber plate 44, and the surface of the auger 5 is covered with a rubber layer, the resistance of the spiral plate to abrasion is improved, and the service life of the spiral plate is prolonged. Meanwhile, the spiral plate in the slurry tank 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the slurry tank 2, the spiral plate in the slurry tank 2 fully stirs and pushes the sludge in the lower part of the slurry tank 2, avoids the existence of a dead angle between the lower part of the spiral plate and the slurry tank 2, causes the sludge to deposit in the dead angle, causes the accumulation and lagging discharge, thereby avoiding the incomplete slurry discharge, the low slurry discharge efficiency, and the easy clogging of the equipment in the slurry tank 2, thereby ensuring the discharge and circulation of the sludge and slurry and the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present application, the bent pipe section is arranged on one end of the slurry outlet pipe 31 close to the connecting cylinder 43, and the slurry outlet pipe 31 and the connecting cylinder 43 are arranged to be inclined relative to the vertical plane, and the bent pipe section of the slurry outlet pipe 31 and the connecting cylinder 43 are in the same plane, and the shape of the bent pipe section includes but is not limited to U-shaped, W-shaped, S-shaped, etc. When the slurry enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the solid residues with a size close to the limit of the safe range in the slurry cannot be completely blocked and separated by the spiral plates in the connecting cylinder 43, so that part of the solid residues with a size close to the limit of the safe range enter the slurry outlet pipe 31 together with the slurry, and then easily deposit in the slurry outlet pipe 31 after long distance flow, resulting in the reduction or blockage of the diameter of the slurry outlet pipe 31, affecting the normal operation of the shield machine and the tunneling efficiency, and at the same time, by arranging the bent pipe section on the slurry outlet pipe 31 close to the connecting cylinder 43, when the slurry enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the slurry will immediately hit the bent pipe section on the slurry outlet pipe 31, so that the solid residues with a size close to the limit of the safe range are relatively intercepted in the slurry, so that the movement of the solid residues is slow and gradually sinks downward into the connecting cylinder 43, promoting the mutual separation of the slurry and the solid residues with a larger size, thereby facilitating the subsequent pumping of the slurry out by the slurry pump. At the same time, by arranging the slurry outlet pipe 31 and the connecting cylinder 43 to be inclined relative to the vertical plane, and cooperating with the buffer and slow-down of the bent pipe section close to the connecting cylinder 43, the solid residues in the slurry gradually sink downward and separate, improving the effect of slurry separation and slurry discharge efficiency, and improving the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present application, the bent pipe section on the slurry outlet pipe 31 is made of an elastic pipe. When the slurry is buffered and slowed down at the bent pipe section, the slurry will have an impact effect on the bent pipe section, and by using an elastic pipe to make the bent pipe section, the impact force of the impact of the slurry is buffered, avoiding the impact force generated when the slurry is slowed down and buffered from causing wear and vibration of the slurry outlet pipe 31, affecting the normal use of the slurry outlet pipe 31. At the same time, by buffering the impact force of the slurry on the bent pipe section, when the slurry enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the interception and slowing-down effect of the slurry is good, and then the solid residues with a size close to the limit of the safe range in the slurry can also be relatively suspended, so that the solid residues gradually sink and fall back into the connecting cylinder 43, improving the separation effect of the slurry in the slurry.

[0023] As an embodiment of the present application, the bent pipe section is installed on a corresponding shaped bracket by a spring, and a vibrator is installed on the surface of the bent pipe section. The bent pipe section is installed on the corresponding shaped support by the spring, so that the bent pipe section does not change during use, and meanwhile, after the mud enters the mud outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the bent pipe section is vibrated by the vibrator, the mud is buffered and slowed down by the shape of the bent pipe section, so that the solid residue with a larger diameter in the mud is separated out under the action of vibration, the solid residue is promoted to settle and the slurry is separated, meanwhile, after the mud is vibrated, the water, soil and residue wrapped in the mud are fully mixed and uniform, the flowability of the mud is improved, the mud is conveniently pumped to the ground from the mud outlet pipe 31 by the mud pump, and the possibility of the residue wrapped in the mud settling after long-time movement, resulting in the diameter of the mud outlet pipe 31 being reduced or blocked, is further reduced.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present application, the connecting point between the branch pipe and the mud outlet pipe 31 is located below the mud outlet pipe 31, and the branch pipe is installed obliquely relative to the mud outlet pipe 31. The branch pipe is installed below the mud outlet pipe 31, so that after the valve on the branch pipe is opened, the mud discharged from the branch pipe directly flushes and dilutes the solid residue flowing slowly in the mud outlet pipe 31 and deposited in the mud outlet pipe 31, the mud in the mud outlet pipe 31 is diluted and stirred, the mud in the mud outlet pipe 31 starts to flow normally, the diameter of the mud outlet pipe 31 is prevented from being reduced or blocked, the residue in the mud tank 2 is smoothly discharged, and the phenomenon of slow discharge is avoided. Meanwhile, the branch pipe is installed obliquely relative to the mud outlet pipe 31, so that the mud discharged from the branch pipe obliquely impacts the residue deposited and blocked in the mud outlet pipe 31, the dredging effect of the mud outlet pipe 31 is improved, the normal use of the mud outlet pipe 31 is ensured, and the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine is improved.

[0025] The specific working process is as follows: During work, the mud pump pumps the mud to the mud tank 2 through the mud inlet pipe 3, the residue produced by the cutter head 12 is flowed in the mud tank 2 with the mud, when the mud flows to the lower part of the mud tank 2, the mud and the residue in the mud tank 2 are discharged to the ground through the mud outlet pipe 31; Meanwhile, under the condition that the geological condition is good and the tunneling parameter is stable, the connecting cylinder 43 and the mud outlet pipe 31 suck out the newly excavated residue and the circulating mud in the mud tank 2; Meanwhile, when passing through the complex and changeable stratum such as soft upper and hard lower, containing boulders and driftwood, and strongly weathered rock stratum, the movement of the screw conveyor 4 is controlled, and the residue deposited at the bottom of the mud tank 2 and with poor flowability is forcedly conveyed and discharged by the screw conveyor 4; Meanwhile, the large rock and high viscosity soil transported by the screw conveyor 4 will be transported to the integrated multi-stage crushing mechanism: the large rock is first blocked by the grid, then crushed by the jaw crusher, and then crushed by the gear roller crusher, to ensure that the size of all solid particles passing through the channel is within a safe and controllable range. Meanwhile, the crushed sludge discharged from the screw conveyor 4 will enter the dilution mixing box 41, so that the crushed sludge is mixed and diluted with the incoming mud, until the consistency of the sludge is reduced and suitable for pumping, and then pumped out of the ground by the mud pump; Meanwhile, when the auger 5 is driven by external hydraulic power or motor, the rotating auger 5 will gradually push and transport the sludge deposited on the arc surface at the lower part of the slurry tank 2 to the area near the screw conveyor 4, so that the screw conveyor 4 can discharge all the deposited and poorly flowing sludge in the slurry tank 2; Meanwhile, when the auger 5 rotates, the control system in the shield machine will control the hydraulic cylinder in the lifting cylinder 52 to reciprocatingly lift the lifting cylinder 52, so that the auger 5 reciprocates in the arc area with the power cylinder 51 as the origin, thereby promoting the deposited sludge on the arc surface at the lower part of the slurry tank 2 to be close to the screw conveyor 4 and be forced to be transported and discharged; Meanwhile, during the rotation of the auger 5, the control system on the shield machine will control the valve on the connecting pipeline 63 to open, so that the fresh mud in the mud inlet pipe 3 enters the water jet pipe 6 from the connecting pipeline 63, the connecting ring 62 and the cavity 61, and then the fresh mud is sprayed from the water jet pipe 6 to impact and agitate the sludge in the area near the auger 5, expand the action range of the auger 5, and avoid some sticky sludge from adhering to the surface of the auger 5 during the pushing process of the auger 5 through the impact of the sprayed mud; When the mud outlet pipe 31 installed on the connecting cylinder 43 extracts the mud in the slurry tank 2, the mud in the slurry tank 2 will enter the connecting cylinder 43 and then be extracted into the mud outlet pipe 31, and then be discharged to the ground. In this process, the screw conveyor 4 is periodically operated, and the mud in the slurry tank 2 will be hindered by the screw plate when passing through the connecting cylinder 43, so that some large particles of rock and soil are intercepted at the position near the inlet of the connecting cylinder 43 in the connecting cylinder 43 or the slurry tank 2, and the intercepted granular solids will be transported by the periodically operated screw conveyor 4, and the transported granular solids will be crushed by the integrated crushing mechanism; Meanwhile, the movement state and density state of the slurry transported in the slurry outlet pipe 31 are detected by the ultrasonic sensor device and the millimeter wave radar sensor device installed on the slurry outlet pipe 31, and then when the control system in the shield tunneling machine detects that the slurry in a certain region of the slurry outlet pipe 31 flows slowly, the density is too large, and there is a possibility of deposition and blockage, the control system opens the valve on the branch pipe corresponding to the region of the slurry outlet pipe 31, so that the slurry in the slurry inlet pipe 3 is transported into the region where the slurry in the slurry outlet pipe 31 flows slowly and may be blocked, to dilute and flush the slurry in the slurry outlet pipe 31, and promote the slurry to be smoothly discharged from the slurry outlet pipe 31; Meanwhile, through the dual-channel heterogeneous design, the control system carried in the shield tunneling machine can automatically judge the working condition according to the real-time tunneling parameters and coordinate the slurry discharge work of the two channels: Under normal working conditions, when the geological conditions are good and the tunneling parameters such as the cutterhead 12 torque and the advancing speed are stable, the control system will mainly use the air cushion direct discharge channel, i.e., the slurry outlet pipe 31 to discharge the slurry in the slurry tank 2, and use the cooperative conveying channel for assistance, periodically start the screw conveyor 4 to transport away the accumulated particle solids with a particle size close to the upper limit of the safe range, to ensure that the sludge in the slurry tank 2 is smoothly discharged; When the cutterhead 12 torque instantaneously or continuously rises sharply, indicating that a large obstacle is encountered, and the pressure in the slurry tank 2 and the slurry discharge pipeline fluctuates abnormally sharply, the control system will mainly use the cooperative conveying channel and assist the use of the air cushion direct discharge channel, so that the screw conveyor 4 continuously operates to transport and crush large rocks, and the slurry outlet pipe 31 discharges the slurry with rocks, to ensure that the sludge and slurry in the slurry tank 2 are smoothly discharged; The grid spiral plate 42 is arranged on the spiral plate and located in the connecting cylinder 43, so that during the process that the slurry in the slurry tank 2 passes through the connecting cylinder 43 and enters the slurry outlet pipe 31, the slurry and the sludge particles with a size within the safe range wrapped by the slurry can pass through the through slot on the grid spiral plate 42, which reduces the influence on the slurry discharge amount while ensuring the interception effect of the particles with a size close to the upper limit of the safe range, so as to quickly discharge the slurry in the slurry tank 2; Since the end of the spiral plate penetrates through the connecting cylinder 43 and extends into the slurry tank 2, the spiral plate stirs the sludge in the lower part of the slurry tank 2, promoting the sludge in the slurry tank 2 to flow and be discharged; Meanwhile, the spiral plate extending into the slurry tank 2 pushes and drives the sludge in the slurry tank 2 towards the connecting cylinder 43, accelerating the sludge and slurry into the connecting cylinder 43, and then leaving the slurry tank 2 from the slurry outlet pipe 31 or the screw conveyor 4, forming a relatively forced slurry discharge circulation, to avoid the deposition and slow discharge of the sludge in the slurry tank 2; Meanwhile, since the pitch of the screw plate in the part of the sludge tank 2 is smaller than the pitch of the other part, the conveying capacity of the screw plate in the sludge tank 2 is relatively smaller than the screw plate in the other part of the screw conveyor 4, and the muck and slurry can easily enter the connecting cylinder 43, avoiding the muck and slurry entering the connecting cylinder 43 at the same time being too much, which causes congestion in the connecting cylinder 43; The part of the screw plate in the sludge tank 2 is made of elastic rubber plate 44, which improves the resistance of the screw plate to abrasion; Meanwhile, through the mutual contact between the screw plate in the sludge tank 2 and the inner wall of the sludge tank 2, the screw plate in the sludge tank 2 fully stirs and pushes the muck in the lower part of the sludge tank 2, avoiding incomplete slurry discharge, low slurry discharge efficiency and easy equipment blockage in the sludge tank 2; When the slurry enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the solid slag in the slurry with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range cannot be completely blocked and separated by the screw plate in the connecting cylinder 43, so that part of the solid slag with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 with the slurry, and then easily deposits in the slurry outlet pipe 31 after flowing for a long distance, which causes the diameter of the slurry outlet pipe 31 to decrease or be blocked, and meanwhile, by setting the elbow section near the connecting cylinder 43, the slurry entering the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43 will immediately hit the elbow section on the slurry outlet pipe 31, so that the solid slag with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range is relatively intercepted in the slurry, and the movement of the solid slag is slowed down and gradually sinks to the connecting cylinder 43, which promotes the separation of the slurry and the solid slag with a larger size; Meanwhile, by setting the slurry outlet pipe 31 and the connecting cylinder 43 relatively inclined to the vertical plane, and cooperating with the elbow section near the connecting cylinder 43 to buffer and slow down the slurry, the solid slag in the slurry gradually sinks and separates downward; By using the elastic pipe to make the elbow section elastic, the impact force generated by the impact of the slurry is buffered, avoiding the impact force generated when the slurry is slowed down and buffered from causing abrasion and vibration of the slurry outlet pipe 31; Meanwhile, after the impact force of the slurry is buffered by the elastic elbow section, the interception and slowing down effect of the slurry is good when the slurry enters the slurry outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, which further promotes the solid slag with a size diameter close to the limit of the safe range in the slurry to be relatively suspended, so that the solid slag gradually sinks and falls back into the connecting cylinder 43; The bent pipe section is installed on the corresponding shaped support by spring, so that the bent pipe section does not change in use, and meanwhile, after the mud enters the mud outlet pipe 31 from the connecting cylinder 43, the bent pipe section is vibrated by the vibrator, the mud is buffered and slowed down by the shape of the bent pipe section, so that the solid residue with large diameter in the mud is separated out under the action of vibration, the solid residue is promoted to settle and the slurry is separated, meanwhile, after the mud is vibrated, the water, soil and residue in the mud are fully mixed and uniform, the liquidity of the mud is improved, and the mud is conveniently pumped to the ground by the mud pump from the mud outlet pipe 31; The branch pipe is installed below the mud outlet pipe 31, so that after the valve on the branch pipe is opened, the mud discharged from the branch pipe directly flushes and dilutes the solid residue flowing slowly in the mud outlet pipe 31 and deposited in the mud outlet pipe 31, so that the mud in the mud outlet pipe 31 is diluted and stirred, and the mud in the mud outlet pipe 31 starts to flow normally. Meanwhile, the branch pipe is installed obliquely relative to the mud outlet pipe 31, so that the mud discharged from the branch pipe obliquely impacts the residue deposited and blocked in the mud outlet pipe 31.

[0026] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for use in complex strata, comprising a shield machine body (1), a cutterhead (12) being mounted on the shield machine body (1), the cutterhead (12) being driven by a main drive (11), and a slurry chamber (2) being formed between the cutterhead (12) and the shield machine body (1); Its characteristics are: The mud and water tank (2) is provided with two slurry discharge channels, namely an air cushion direct discharge channel and a coordinated conveying channel. The air cushion direct discharge channel includes a slurry outlet pipe (31), and the coordinated conveying channel includes a screw conveyor (4) and a dilution mixing box (41). A mud inlet pipe (3) is installed at the upper end of the mud and water tank (2), and a mud outlet pipe (31) is installed at the lower end of the mud and water tank (2). The inlet of the screw conveyor (4) is connected to the lower end of the mud and water tank (2). A multi-stage crushing mechanism is integrated in the outlet of the screw conveyor (4), and a dilution mixing box (41) is installed at the outlet of the screw conveyor (4). The inlet of the screw conveyor (4) is connected to the mud and water tank (2) through a connecting tube (43), the spiral plate of the screw conveyor (4) extends into the connecting tube (43), the mud outlet pipe (31) is installed at one end of the connecting tube (43) close to the mud and water tank (2), the mud outlet pipe (31) is connected to the mud and water tank (2) through the connecting tube (43), and the screw conveyor (4) is started and operated periodically; An ultrasonic sensor device and a millimeter wave radar sensor device are installed on the mud outlet pipe (31), and a branch pipe is installed on the mud outlet pipe (31), and the branch pipe is connected to the mud inlet pipe (3); A power cylinder (51) and a lifting cylinder (52) are installed on the inner wall of the mud and water tank (2), and a flexible auger (5) is installed between the power cylinder (51) and the lifting cylinder (52) via a connecting shaft (53). The auger (5) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting cylinder (43). A water spray pipe (6) is installed on the surface of the auger (5). A cavity (61) is opened in the connecting shaft (53) on the power cylinder (51), and a connecting ring (62) is installed on the connecting shaft (53). The connecting ring (62) is connected to the mud inlet pipe (3) through a connecting pipe (63). The water spray pipe (6), the cavity (61) and the connecting ring (62) are connected to each other.

2. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the spiral plate located inside the connecting cylinder (43) is a grid spiral plate (42), and a through groove is provided on the surface of the grid spiral plate (42).

3. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral plate in the screw conveyor (4) passes through the connecting cylinder (43) and extends into the mud and water tank (2). The inlet of the connecting cylinder (43) faces the rear of the cutter head (12). The pitch of the portion of the spiral plate located in the mud and water tank (2) is smaller than the pitch of other portions.

4. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral plate in the mud and water tank (2) is made of an elastic rubber plate (44), the surface of the spiral plate in the mud and water tank (2) contacts the inner wall of the mud and water tank (2), and the surface of the auger (5) is covered with a rubber layer.

5. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: A curved pipe section is provided at one end of the mud outlet pipe (31) close to the connecting tube (43). The mud outlet pipe (31) and the connecting tube (43) are arranged obliquely relative to a vertical plane. The curved pipe sections of the mud outlet pipe (31) and the connecting tube (43) are located in the same plane. The shapes of the curved pipe section include U-shape, W-shape, and S-shape.

6. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curved pipe section on the mud outlet pipe (31) is made of an elastic pipe.

7. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: The curved pipe section is mounted on a bracket of a corresponding shape through a spring, and a vibrator is mounted on the surface of the curved pipe section.

8. The ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine suitable for complex strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection point between the branch pipe and the mud outlet pipe (31) is located below the mud outlet pipe (31), and the branch pipe is installed obliquely relative to the mud outlet pipe (31).

Images