A self-calibration layered subsidence measuring instrument and a subsidence measuring method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a self-calibration type layered subsidence measuring instrument and a subsidence measuring method thereof, and the self-calibration type layered subsidence measuring instrument comprises a motor, an electromagnet, a measuring pipe and a measuring head, the bottom of the measuring pipe is provided with a tray, a spring and a motor switch; a group of calibration magnetic rings are fixed on the outer side of the measuring pipe at every set length, and the number of the calibration magnetic rings is different; a plurality of measuring magnetic rings are distributed at equal intervals between adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups, and the measuring magnetic rings are fixed with surrounding soil bodies; the electromagnet is periodically powered on and off to realize fixation and release of the measuring head; when the measuring head passes through the magnetic rings, a magnetic induction line is cut to generate an electric signal; according to intervals of electric signal time generated by the measuring head passing through different magnetic rings, the position of the measuring magnetic ring is calculated; when the measuring head falls on the tray, the spring is compressed, the tray triggers the motor switch, the motor lowers the electromagnet to attract and pull up the measuring head, the spring and the tray are reset, and after the measuring head is pulled up to the position, one measurement is completed. The application has higher measurement precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a layered settlement measuring device and method, in particular to a self-calibration layered settlement measuring device and a settlement measuring method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional layered settlement observation adopts the mode of manually lifting the measuring head, changing the position of the measuring head in the settlement pipe, and recording the position of the magnetic ring according to the generated ringing. There are problems such as low measurement efficiency, inability to continuous observation, dependence on the experience of the operator, and large random error. In view of these problems, some automatic layered settlement measuring devices are developed, and these devices mostly use driving equipment to uniformly lift the measuring head. However, after the magnetic ring is buried in the soil, the settlement of the soil will cause the displacement of the magnetic ring, and then cause measurement error, and this error has a certain uncertainty; in addition, affected by factors such as voltage fluctuation and mechanical cooperation, the speed of the measuring head passing through the magnetic ring is not uniform, and the subsequent data processing is carried out according to the uniform movement of the measuring head, which causes a large measurement error. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to a layered settlement measuring device and method, in particular to a self-calibration layered settlement measuring device and a settlement measuring method thereof.

[0004] Technical scheme: The self-calibration layered settlement measuring device of the present application comprises an electric signal processor and a motor arranged on the ground, a measuring pipe arranged in a drill hole, and a measuring head used in conjunction with the measuring pipe; a tray, a spring and a motor switch are arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe;

[0005] A group of calibration magnetic rings are fixed on the outer side of the measuring pipe at a certain interval, and the calibration magnetic ring group located at the uppermost end has one calibration magnetic ring, and the number of calibration magnetic rings of the remaining calibration magnetic ring groups is equal to the integer part of the depth value;

[0006] A plurality of measuring magnetic rings are distributed at equal intervals between adjacent calibration magnetic ring groups, and the measuring magnetic rings are fixed with the surrounding soil; an electromagnet is arranged directly above the measuring pipe, the output end of the motor is connected to the electromagnet through a rope, and the rope is wound around the output end of the motor; the electromagnet is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power-on and power-off, the electromagnet attracts the measuring head when powered on, and releases the measuring head when powered off, so that the measuring head makes free fall in the measuring pipe;

[0007] When the measuring head passes through the magnetic ring, the cutting of the magnetic induction line generates an electric signal; the electric signal processor calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring according to the interval of the electric signal generated by the measuring head passing through the measuring magnetic ring and the calibration magnetic ring, and obtains the settlement of the soil in this layer;

[0008] When the measuring head falls on the tray, the spring is compressed, and at the same time, the tray triggers the motor switch, the motor starts to lower the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is powered on to attract the measuring head, then the motor lifts the measuring head, the spring and the tray are reset, and the measuring head is lifted to the position, and a measurement is completed.

[0009] Further, a wedge sleeve with an inverted conical structure is arranged outside the measuring pipe, and the calibration magnetic ring is fixed by using the wedge sleeve.

[0010] Further, the surface of the calibration magnetic ring is coated with epoxy resin by using electroplating process to achieve underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

[0011] The surface of the calibration magnetic ring is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating by using electroplating process, so that it is suitable for high-corrosion environments such as water-rich or saline soil, and the service life of the calibration magnetic ring is prolonged.

[0012] Further, an earth-embedded anchor is arranged on the measuring magnetic ring by using a buckle, and the earth-embedded anchor is embedded in the surrounding soil to achieve fixation; the buckle and the earth-embedded anchor are made of engineering plastic material. Engineering plastic has high strength and can avoid the influence of additional magnetic field on the measurement of the calibration magnetic ring.

[0013] Further, vertical guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the measuring pipe, and a matching guide wheel is arranged on the measuring head, so that the measuring head moves vertically along the measuring pipe through the cooperation of the guide grooves and the guide wheel.

[0014] Further, a sponge is arranged above the tray at the bottom of the measuring pipe to buffer the kinetic energy of the measuring head.

[0015] Further, the measuring pipe is made of PVC material.

[0016] The wedge sleeve makes the PVC measuring pipe have better anti-pulling and anti-overturning ability in the soil. Compared with ordinary PVC measuring pipes, this structure can reduce the damage and deformation of the PVC measuring pipe. In addition, in the case of soil settlement or liquefaction, the wedge sleeve can stabilize the PVC measuring pipe, reduce the inclination or cracking of the PVC measuring pipe caused by foundation deformation, and reduce the maintenance cost in the later period. At the same time, the wedge sleeve also provides a suitable fixing position for the calibration magnetic ring.

[0017] Further, the set length is 2m.

[0018] Further, the self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel for collecting solar energy to generate electricity during the day, and the generated electricity is stored in a storage battery to power the electric signal processor, the motor and the electromagnet.

[0019] By using the solar photovoltaic panel and the storage battery to cooperate in power supply, the present application can realize power supply at all times during the day, night and various weather conditions. The present application has low requirements for site power supply conditions and is suitable for various site conditions, so the application scenarios are more widely used.

[0020] The self-calibration type layered settlement measuring instrument settlement measuring method of the application, comprising:

[0021] (1) drilling at a predetermined drilling point, putting in a measuring magnetic ring; fixing a calibration magnetic ring on the outer wall of the measuring tube, putting the measuring tube into the drilling hole until the bottom of the hole; reserving a wire connected with the motor switch to the ground, and finally sealing the hole with cohesive soil;

[0022] (2) connecting the motor switch and the motor through the wire, and the electromagnet attracts the measuring head;

[0023] (3) the timing chip controls the electromagnet to be powered off to release the measuring head, the measuring head does free fall in the measuring tube, collects the time interval of the electric signal passing through different magnetic rings, and calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring according to the following formula:

[0024] x= ;

[0025] Wherein, x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground surface; g is the acceleration of gravity; is the difference between the time of generating the electric signal of the adjacent two groups of calibration magnetic rings; is the difference between the time of generating the electric signal of the measuring magnetic ring and the last group of calibration magnetic rings;

[0026] (4) the measuring head falls to the bottom of the measuring tube, triggers the motor switch, the motor lowers the electromagnet to attract the measuring head and pull up the measuring head, after being pulled up to the position, the electromagnet is always powered on until the next timing chip controls the electromagnet to release the measuring head.

[0027] Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the application has the following obvious advantages:

[0028] The application uses the measuring head to do free fall in the measuring tube, which is easier to realize than the uniform movement of the measuring head. On this basis, the way of measuring the time interval of the electric signal after self-calibration of the calibration magnetic ring can realize automatic layered settlement monitoring. Through the way of fixing and burying the calibration magnetic ring, the time interval of the electric signal generated by the calibration magnetic ring can be error corrected with the theoretical value at each measurement, so as to correct the measurement value of the measuring magnetic ring and greatly improve the measurement accuracy. Specifically,

[0029] The calibration magnetic ring keeps the buried depth unchanged, so the time interval of the electrical signals measured by the two groups of calibration magnetic rings each time has a reference theoretical calculation value. When the measuring head starts to drop, according to the time interval of the electrical signals of the calibration magnetic ring in this calibration, the error caused by the external environment and the like in this calibration can be calculated. Compared with the traditional layered settlement measuring instrument, the self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument realizes twice adjustment error, further improves the measurement accuracy, and realizes real-time adjustment of the error. The time interval of the electrical signals generated by the measuring magnetic ring in different positions and the calibration magnetic ring is different, the position data is obtained according to the time interval, and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a cooperation structure schematic diagram of a measuring magnetic ring, an embedded soil anchor rod and a buckle in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a wedge sleeve installed on a measuring pipe in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a cooperation structure top view of a measuring pipe and a measuring head in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a measuring head in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0036] ATTACHED Figures 1 to 5 in the drawings are as follows:

[0037] 1, an electrical signal processor; 2, a solar photovoltaic panel; 3, an electric motor; 4, an electromagnet; 5, a calibration magnetic ring; 6, a wedge sleeve; 7, a measuring magnetic ring; 8, a measuring pipe; 9, a measuring head; 10, a sponge; 11, a tray; 12, a spring; 13, an electric motor switch; 14, a wire; 15, an embedded soil anchor rod; 16, a buckle; 17, a guide wheel; 18, a guide groove; 19, a protrusion.

[0038] As shown in FIG. Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument, which comprises an electrical signal processor 1, a solar photovoltaic panel 2, an electric motor 3, an electromagnet 4, a measuring pipe 8, a measuring head 9, a sponge 10, a tray 11, a spring 12 and an electric motor switch 13, wherein the electrical signal processor 1, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 and the electric motor 3 are arranged on the ground, the measuring pipe 8 is arranged in a drill hole, and the sponge 10, the tray 11, the spring 12 and the electric motor switch 13 are arranged at the bottom in the measuring pipe 8.

[0039] A set of calibration magnetic rings 5 are fixed outside the measuring pipe 8 every 2m, and the calibration magnetic ring set at the uppermost end has one calibration magnetic ring 5, and the number of calibration magnetic rings 5 of the remaining calibration magnetic ring sets is equal to the integer part of the depth value. For example, two calibration magnetic rings 5 are arranged when the depth is 2m, four calibration magnetic rings 5 are arranged when the depth is 4m, and so on. In this embodiment, the measuring pipe 8 is made of PVC material, which can avoid the generation of additional magnetic field to cause errors in the measurement results while ensuring the strength and rigidity of the measuring pipe 8. The surface of the calibration magnetic ring 5 is coated with epoxy resin by electroplating process to achieve underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the inner wall of the measuring pipe 8 is provided with vertical guide grooves 18, and the number of guide grooves 18 is four, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference. The measuring head 9 is provided with a matching guide wheel 17, and the measuring head 9 realizes vertical movement along the measuring pipe 8 through the cooperation of the guide groove 18 and the guide wheel 17.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3 , the outer side of the measuring pipe 8 is provided with a wedge-shaped sleeve 6 with an inverted conical structure. The wedge-shaped sleeve 6 can form a "soil cutting surface" during the process of the measuring pipe 8 entering the soil, making the soil easier to be cut and compacted, and the soil body is less subjected to transverse extrusion, reducing the resistance during construction and improving the construction efficiency. When the measuring pipe 8 is subjected to horizontal external force or upward tension, the wide end of the wedge-shaped sleeve 6 close to the pipe body has a large contact area with the soil body, which can form a "soil locking effect", enhancing the overall uplift resistance of the measuring pipe 8. And under the action of the pulling force, it will further compact the surrounding soil, enhance the resistance of the soil, thereby improving the stability of the position of the measuring pipe 8, providing conditions for the fixed depth of the calibration magnetic ring 5, and also can be used to fix the calibration magnetic ring 5. Specifically, the outer diameter of the wedge-shaped sleeve 6 is slightly larger than that of the measuring pipe 8, so the calibration magnetic ring 5 can be placed above the wedge-shaped sleeve 6 without sliding down, and there is a protrusion 19 above the fixed position of the calibration magnetic ring 5, which will be stuck above the wedge-shaped sleeve 6 after the calibration magnetic ring 5 is forced to slide down from top to bottom through the protrusion 19.

[0042] A number of measuring magnetic rings 7 are evenly distributed between adjacent calibration magnetic ring sets. The measuring magnetic ring 7 is not connected with the measuring pipe 8, but is fixed by embedding the surrounding soil through the soil-embedding anchor rod 15, and the soil-embedding anchor rod 15 is arranged on the measuring magnetic ring 7 through the buckle 16, as shown in Figure 2 . The soil-embedding anchor rod 15 and the buckle 16 are made of engineering plastic material.

[0043] The electromagnet 4 is located directly above the measuring pipe 8 and is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power-on and power-off. The electromagnet 4 attracts the measuring head 9 when powered on, and releases the measuring head 9 when powered off, so that the measuring head 9 makes free-fall motion in the measuring pipe 8.

[0044] The calibration magnetic ring 5 is fixed outside the measuring tube 8, so that the calibrated depth is fixed, thereby realizing the correction of errors for all measuring magnetic rings 7. When the measuring head 9 passes through two calibration magnetic rings 5 with a depth of 2m, two continuous electric signals are generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines, when the measuring head 9 passes through four calibration magnetic rings 5 with a depth of 4m, four continuous electric signals are generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines, and so on, thereby providing a basis for automatic measurement. When the measuring head 9 passes through the measuring magnetic ring 7, an electric signal is generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines.

[0045] The electric signal processor 1 calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring 7 according to the interval of the electric signal time generated by the measuring head 9 passing through the measuring magnetic ring 7 and the calibration magnetic ring 5, and obtains the settlement of the soil body in the layer.

[0046] The sponge 10 is arranged above the tray 11 and is used for buffering the kinetic energy when the measuring head 9 falls down and protecting the measuring head 9. The output end of the motor 3 is connected with the electromagnet 4 through a rope, and the rope is wound on the output end of the motor 3. When the measuring head 9 falls on the tray 11, the spring 12 is compressed, at the same time, the tray 11 triggers the motor switch 13, the motor 3 starts to lower the electromagnet 4, at the same time, the electromagnet 4 is electrified, so that the electromagnet 4 attracts the measuring head 9, then the motor 3 lifts the measuring head 9, the spring 12 and the tray 11 are reset, and the measuring head 9 is lifted to the position, and one measurement is completed.

[0047] The solar photovoltaic panel 2 is used for collecting solar energy to generate electricity in the daytime, and the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery, which is used for supplying power for the electric signal processor 1, the motor 3 and the electromagnet 4, thereby ensuring that the layered settlement measuring instrument can be operated for a long time.

[0048] The embodiment of the application further provides a settlement measurement method of the self-calibration layered settlement measuring instrument.

[0049] (1) drilling a hole at a predetermined drilling point, and placing the measuring magnetic ring 7; fixing the calibration magnetic ring 5 on the wedge sleeve 6 on the outer wall of the measuring tube 8, and placing the measuring tube 8 into the hole until the bottom of the hole; reserving the wire 14 connected with the motor switch 13 to the ground, and finally sealing the hole with viscous soil (in the actual drilling, in order to more conveniently place the measuring tube 8, the drilled hole is obviously larger than the measuring tube 8, and the sealing is not to block the hole of the measuring tube 8, but to fill the gap between the drilled hole and the already placed measuring tube 8);

[0050] (2) connecting the motor switch 13 with the motor 3 through the wire 14, and attracting the measuring head 9 by the electromagnet 4;

[0051] (3) controlling the electromagnet 4 to be powered off to release the measuring head 9 by the timing chip, the measuring head 9 makes free fall in the measuring tube 8, the electric signal time interval passing through different magnetic rings is collected, and the position of the measuring magnetic ring 7 is calculated according to the following formula:

[0052] x= ;

[0053] wherein x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground surface; g is the acceleration of gravity; is the time difference of the electrical signal generated by the adjacent two groups of calibration magnetic rings; is the time difference of the electrical signal generated by the measuring magnetic ring from the last group of calibration magnetic rings;

[0054] (4) The measuring head 9 falls to the bottom of the measuring tube 8, triggering the motor switch 13. The motor 3 lowers the electromagnet 4 to attract and pull up the measuring head 9. After pulling up to the position, the electromagnet 4 is always powered on until the next time the chip controls the electromagnet 4 to release the measuring head 9.

Claims

1. A self-calibrating, layered sedimentation measuring instrument, characterized in that, It comprises a ground-set electric signal processor (1) and a motor (3), a measuring tube (8) set in a borehole, and a measuring head (9) used with the measuring tube (8); the bottom of the measuring tube (8) is provided with a tray (11), a spring (12), and a motor switch (13); Every other set of the calibration magnetic rings (5) is fixed on the outside of the measuring tube (8) at a set length, and the set of calibration magnetic rings (5) at the uppermost end has one calibration magnetic ring (5), and the number of calibration magnetic rings (5) of the rest sets of calibration magnetic rings is equal to the integer part of the depth value; A plurality of measuring magnetic rings (7) are distributed at equal intervals between adjacent sets of calibration magnetic rings, and the measuring magnetic rings (7) are provided with soil-embedded anchor rods (15) by means of buckles (16), which are embedded in the surrounding soil to be fixed; the measuring magnetic rings (7) are not connected with the measuring tube (8); an electromagnet (4) is arranged above the measuring tube (8), and the output end of the motor (3) is connected with the electromagnet (4) through a rope, which is wound on the output end of the motor (3); the electromagnet (4) is controlled by a timing chip to realize periodic power-on and power-off, and the electromagnet (4) attracts the measuring head (9) when powered on and releases the measuring head (9) when powered off, so that the measuring head (9) makes free-fall movement in the measuring tube (8); When the measuring head (9) passes through the magnetic ring, the magnetic induction lines are cut to generate an electric signal; the electric signal processor (1) calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring (7) according to the interval of the electric signal generated by the measuring head (9) passing through the measuring magnetic ring (7) and the calibration magnetic ring (5), and obtains the settlement of the soil body of the layer; When the measuring head (9) falls on the tray (11), the spring (12) is compressed, and at the same time, the tray (11) triggers the motor switch (13), the motor (3) starts to lower the electromagnet (4), and at the same time, the electromagnet (4) is powered on, so that the electromagnet (4) attracts the measuring head (9), and then the motor (3) pulls up the measuring head (9), the spring (12) and the tray (11) are reset, and after the measuring head (9) is pulled up to the position, one measurement is completed.

2. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The outside of the measuring tube (8) is provided with a wedge-shaped sleeve (6) of inverted conical structure, and the calibration magnetic rings (5) are fixed by means of the wedge-shaped sleeve (6).

3. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The surface of the calibration magnetic ring (5) is coated with epoxy resin by electroplating process to realize underground waterproofing and corrosion resistance.

4. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The buckle (16) and the soil-embedded anchor rod (15) are made of engineering plastic material.

5. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the measuring tube (8) is provided with vertical guide grooves (18), and the measuring head (9) is provided with a matching guide wheel (17), so that the measuring head (9) moves vertically along the measuring tube (8) through the cooperation of the guide grooves (18) and the guide wheel (17).

6. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the measuring tube (8) is provided with a sponge (10) above the tray (11) for buffering the kinetic energy of the measuring head (9).

7. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The measuring tube (8) is made of PVC material.

8. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, The set length is 2m.

9. The self-calibrating, layered settlement gauge of claim 1, wherein, It further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (2) for collecting solar energy to generate electricity during the day, and the generated electricity is stored in a storage battery to supply power to the electric signal processor (1), the motor (3), and the electromagnet (4).

10. A sedimentation measurement method of the self-calibrating layered sedimentation measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, It comprises: (1) Drill a hole at the predetermined drilling point, and put in the measuring magnetic ring (7); fix the calibration magnetic ring (5) on the outer wall of the measuring tube (8), and put the measuring tube (8) into the hole until the bottom of the hole; reserve the wire (14) connected with the motor switch (13) to the ground, and finally seal the hole with cohesive soil; (2) Connect the motor switch (13) with the motor (3) through the wire (14), and the electromagnet (4) attracts the measuring head (9); (3) The timing chip controls the electromagnet (4) to be powered off to release the measuring head (9), the measuring head (9) does free fall in the measuring tube (8), collects the time interval of the electric signal passing through different magnetic rings, and calculates the position of the measuring magnetic ring (7) according to the following formula: x= ； Wherein, x is the depth of the measuring magnetic ring from the ground; g is the acceleration of gravity; The difference between the time of generating the electrical signal of the two adjacent groups of calibration magnetic rings; The difference between the time of generating the electrical signal of the measuring magnetic ring from the previous group of calibration magnetic rings; (4) The measuring head (9) falls to the bottom of the measuring tube (8), triggers the motor switch (13), the motor (3) lowers the electromagnet (4) to attract the measuring head (9) and pull up the measuring head (9), after being pulled up to the position, the electromagnet (4) is always powered on until the next timing chip controls the electromagnet (4) to release the measuring head (9).

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