Engineering geology sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention relates to an engineering geology sampling device and a sampling method, and belongs to the technical field of sampling devices.The sampling device comprises a sleeve, a sampling rod and a sampling rod, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the core tube; the cylindrical sleeve and the conical sleeve are coaxially arranged in the sleeve, the conical sleeve is located above the through hole, and the upper end of the conical sleeve is a conical surface; the retaining ring is arranged in the sleeve and located between the cylindrical sleeve and the conical sleeve, and a positioning hole is formed in the bottom of the retaining ring in the radial direction; the sampling barrel is coaxially arranged in the positioning hole, the outer diameter of the sampling barrel is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the rear end of the sampling barrel is a conical surface; an elastic ring connected with the sampling barrel is sleeved outside the core tube; when the cylindrical sleeve and the sampling barrel are located at the highest position, the sampling barrel is aligned with the through hole; when the cylindrical sleeve, the sampling barrel and the conical sleeve are located at the lowest position, the cylindrical sleeve shields the inner side of the through hole. According to the scheme, non-sample soil can be prevented from being taken out, and cleaning is convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of sampling devices, and particularly relates to an engineering geology sampling device and a sampling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main research content of engineering geology involves geological disasters, rock mass stability, earthquakes, etc. Engineering geology is widely applied to various stages such as engineering planning, survey, design, construction and maintenance. Soil sample collection is an important link in the process of analyzing the physical and chemical properties of soil organic matter, nutrient content, particle size composition, etc. The quality of soil sample collection is a prerequisite for the accuracy of experimental analysis results.

[0003] The existing sampling tool mainly uses the drilling mode of the drill cylinder to contain the geological sample in the drill cylinder. Therefore, if a geological sample at a deeper position is needed, a longer drill cylinder needs to be set. The drill cylinder is inserted or drilled into the ground to a predetermined depth from the ground, so that the geological sample is embedded in the drill cylinder. However, when the sample is taken out, the sample is prone to accumulation in the drill cylinder due to the large length of the drill cylinder, and is not easy to take out. Moreover, a large amount of non-sample soil in the middle and upper sections of the drill cylinder also needs to be cleaned. After sampling is completed, the non-sample soil needs to be discharged, and the process of discharging the non-sample soil is relatively cumbersome and difficult. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides an engineering geology sampling device and a sampling method, which only obtains the required sample, avoids taking out non-sample soil, and facilitates cleaning.

[0005] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the following scheme is adopted: An engineering geology sampling device comprises: A sleeve pipe, the lower end of which is a closed structure for connecting a drill bit, and the upper end of which is used for connecting a drill rod, the inside of the drill rod being a circular pipe structure, and a through hole being formed in the middle section of the sleeve pipe along the radial direction; A core pipe, which is coaxially arranged inside the sleeve pipe, and the upper end of the core pipe is in communication with the inner hole of the drill rod, and a through hole is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the core pipe; A cylindrical sleeve, which is coaxially arranged at the upper end inside the sleeve pipe and is slidably sleeved outside the core pipe, and the lower end surface of the cylindrical sleeve is a plane; A conical sleeve, which is coaxially arranged at the lower end inside the sleeve pipe and is slidably sleeved outside the core pipe, and the conical sleeve is located above the through hole, and the upper end of the conical sleeve is a conical surface; A retaining ring, which is a circular ring structure, is coaxially arranged inside the sleeve pipe, is located outside the core pipe, and is located between the cylindrical sleeve and the conical sleeve, the retaining ring is relatively fixed with the circumferential position of the sleeve pipe, and a positioning hole is formed in the bottom of the retaining ring along the radial direction; The sampling cylinder is coaxially arranged in the positioning hole, the outer diameter of the sampling cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole, the opening of the sampling cylinder faces the outer side of the sleeve, the rear end of the sampling cylinder is a conical surface, and the conical surface is in sliding contact with the conical surface. When the cylindrical sleeve and the sampling cylinder are located at the highest position, the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole.

[0006] An engineering geological sampling method is realized by using the engineering geological sampling device, and the sampling method comprises the following steps. S1: The drill rod is driven by using the drilling equipment, so that the drill bit and the sleeve are drilled into the ground to a predetermined depth, during the drilling process, the cylindrical sleeve, the sampling cylinder and the conical sleeve are located at the lowest position in the sleeve, and at this time, the cylindrical sleeve shields the inner side of the through hole. S2: The liquid is injected into the inside of the core pipe through the drill rod, the liquid enters the lower part of the conical sleeve through the through hole, and the conical sleeve is pushed to move upwards in the sleeve, until the cylindrical sleeve moves to the highest position in the sleeve, so that the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole. S3: The liquid is continuously injected, the conical sleeve will continue to move upwards, and the sampling cylinder is pushed to move through the through hole to the outside of the sleeve, the front end of the sampling cylinder is inserted into the soil of the drill hole side wall, and the soil is embedded into the sampling cylinder. S4: The injection of the liquid is stopped, and the liquid is extracted outward. S5: After the liquid in the sampling device is extracted, the air in the sampling device is extracted by using the air pump or the vacuum pump.

[0007] The sampling cylinder of the present application does not contact any soil during the drilling process of the sampling device, thereby preventing the soil outside the sampling part from entering the sampling cylinder, effectively reducing the subsequent cleaning work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] The drawings described herein are only for illustrating the selected embodiments, rather than all possible embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0009] Figure 1 The external structure schematic diagram of the present application is shown.

[0010] Figure 2 The overall cross-sectional view of the present application is shown when the cylindrical sleeve shields the through hole.

[0011] Figure 3 The overall cross-sectional view of the present application is shown when the cylindrical sleeve shields the through hole. Figure 2A local enlarged view at point A.

[0012] Figure 4 An overall structural view of the present application is shown when the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole.

[0013] Figure 5 An overall structural view of the present application is shown when the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole.

[0014] Figure 6 An overall structural view of the present application is shown when the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole.

[0015] Figure 7 An overall structural view of the present application is shown when the sampling cylinder is aligned with the through hole.

[0016] Figure 8 A preferred structural schematic diagram of the retaining ring and the sampling cylinder is shown.

[0017] In the figure, the labels are: sleeve 1, through hole 11, strip-shaped groove 12, drill bit 2, drill rod 3, upper joint 31, core tube 4, through hole 41, cylindrical sleeve 5, conical sleeve 6, conical surface 61, counterbore 62, retaining ring 7, positioning hole 71, protruding strip 72, sampling cylinder 8, conical surface 81, inner clamping plate 82, elastic ring 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments of the present application.

[0019] Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 3 to 8 , an engineering geological sampling device comprises a sleeve 1, a core tube 4, a cylindrical sleeve 5, a conical sleeve 6, a retaining ring 7 and a sampling cylinder 8.

[0020] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the lower end of the sleeve 1 is a closed structure for connecting the drill bit 2, and the upper end of the sleeve 1 is used for connecting the drill rod 3, both the drill bit 2 and the drill rod 3 can be connected to the sleeve 1 through a threaded structure, the inside of the drill rod 3 is a cylindrical structure, and the middle section of the sleeve 1 is provided with a through hole 11 in the radial direction.

[0021] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the core tube 4 is coaxially arranged inside the sleeve 1, the upper end of the core tube 4 is in communication with the inner hole of the drill rod 3, and the side wall of the lower end of the core tube 4 is provided with a through hole 41.

[0022] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 , the cylindrical sleeve 5 is coaxially arranged at the upper end inside the sleeve pipe 1 and is sleeved on the outside of the core pipe 4, and the lower end surface of the cylindrical sleeve 5 is a flat surface.

[0023] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 , the conical sleeve 6 is coaxially arranged at the lower end inside the sleeve pipe 1 and is sleeved on the outside of the core pipe 4, and the conical sleeve 6 is located above the through hole 11, and the upper end of the conical sleeve 6 is a conical surface 61.

[0024] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the retaining ring 7 is a circular ring structure, coaxially arranged inside the sleeve pipe 1, located outside the core pipe 4, and located between the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the conical sleeve 6. In order to ensure that the retaining ring 7 is coaxial with the sleeve pipe 1, the outer wall of the retaining ring 7 can be matched with the inner wall of the sleeve pipe 1, or it can be understood that the outer wall of the retaining ring 7 is in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve pipe 1. The circumferential position of the retaining ring 7 and the sleeve pipe 1 is relatively fixed, that is, the retaining ring 7 and the sleeve pipe 1 do not rotate relative to the circumference, and the bottom of the retaining ring 7 is provided with a positioning hole 71 in the radial direction.

[0025] Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 to 8 , the sampling cylinder 8 is coaxially arranged in the positioning hole 71, the outer diameter of the sampling cylinder 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11, the opening of the sampling cylinder 8 faces the outside of the sleeve pipe 1, the rear end of the sampling cylinder 8 is a conical surface 81, and the conical surface 81 is in sliding contact with the conical surface 61; the sampling cylinder 8 is connected with the elastic ring 9, and the elastic ring 9 is contracted, and the sampling cylinder 8 is located between the inner wall of the sleeve pipe 1 and the outer wall of the core pipe 4.

[0026] As shown in Figure 4 , when the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the sampling cylinder 8 are located at the highest position, the sampling cylinder 8 is aligned with the through hole 11. As shown in Figure 2 , when the cylindrical sleeve 5, the sampling cylinder 8 and the conical sleeve 6 are located at the lowest position, the cylindrical sleeve 5 shields the inside of the through hole 11, so that the sampling cylinder 8 is misaligned with the through hole 11 at this time, so as to prevent external soil from entering the sampling cylinder 8 during drilling, and also to prevent the sample from falling off after sampling is completed, and to avoid damage and pollution of the sample, that is, to prevent soil outside the sample from entering the sampling cylinder 8.

[0027] Preferably, the upper end of the sleeve 1 is provided with a detachable upper joint 31, the lower end of the drill rod 3 is detachably connected to the upper end of the upper joint 31, and the upper joint 31 is communicated with the core tube 4 and the drill rod 3. The purpose of this structure is to facilitate the installation of the parts inside the sleeve 1, and the parts are specifically the core tube 4, the cylindrical sleeve 5, the conical sleeve 6, the retaining ring 7, the sampling cylinder 8, and the elastic ring 9. In addition, this structure is also used to limit the upper limit position of the movement of the cylindrical sleeve 5, that is, the highest position of the upward movement of the cylindrical sleeve 5, when the upper end of the cylindrical sleeve 5 abuts against the lower end of the upper joint 31.

[0028] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the bottom surface of the conical sleeve 6 is provided with a counterbore 62, and when the lower end of the conical sleeve 6 abuts against the lower end surface of the inner hole of the sleeve 1, the through hole 41 is located within the height range of the counterbore 62, so as to facilitate the smooth injection of liquid into the lower part of the conical sleeve 6.

[0029] Preferably, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the front end surface of the sampling cylinder 8 is matched with the inner wall contour of the sleeve 1. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the sleeve 1 is a circular hole structure, so that in the projection view of the axis of the sleeve 1, the front end of the sampling cylinder 8 is a circular arc structure, and the radius of the circular arc is consistent with the radius of the inner hole of the sleeve 1. This structure design not only facilitates the movement of the sampling cylinder 8 along the axis direction of the sleeve 1, but also prevents the sampling cylinder 8 from rotating around its own axis, so as to improve the stability of the sampling cylinder 8 during movement.

[0030] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , a strip-shaped groove 12 is formed in the upper section of the inner wall of the sleeve 1 along the axis direction, and the outer wall of the retaining ring 7 is provided with a protruding strip 72 which is clamped in the strip-shaped groove 12, so as to prevent the relative rotation between the retaining ring 7 and the sleeve 1. When the conical sleeve 6 moves upward to the limit position, the lower end of the strip-shaped groove 12 is still higher than the lower end surface of the outer wall of the conical sleeve 6, so as to prevent the upward leakage of liquid through the strip-shaped groove 12.

[0031] Preferably, as shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 , a plurality of positioning holes 71 are formed in the retaining ring 7 along the circumference, and each positioning hole 71 is provided with a sampling cylinder 8, and the sampling cylinder 8 is connected with the elastic ring 9. The side wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a through hole 11 corresponding to each sampling cylinder 8. The purpose of this structure design is not only to increase the number of samples, but also to balance the reaction force acting on the conical sleeve 6 when the conical sleeve 6 moves upward and pushes the sampling cylinder 8 to move outward, so as to prevent the eccentricity of the conical sleeve 6 and the eccentric wear between the parts.

[0032] Preferably, the outer wall of the front end of the sampling cylinder 8 is a conical surface structure, so that the sampling cylinder 8 is easily inserted into the soil and smoothly pulled out of the soil.

[0033] Preferably, as shown in Figure 8 the positioning hole 71 is a semicircular hole structure, the opening of which faces the conical sleeve 6. This structure not only meets the function of limiting the sampling cylinder 8 and preventing the sampling cylinder 8 from moving along the circumference of the sleeve 1, so that the sampling cylinder 8 is aligned with the through hole 11, but also provides more space for the upward movement of the conical sleeve 6, preventing the conical sleeve 6 from interfering with the lower end of the retaining ring 7 during the outward movement of the sampling cylinder 8.

[0034] Preferably, as shown in Figure 8 the inner wall of the front end of the sampling cylinder 8 is provided with an inner buckle plate 82, which is inclined towards the inside of the sampling cylinder 8. After the sampling cylinder 8 is inserted into the soil, the inner buckle plate 82 can limit the soil inside the sampling cylinder 8, to ensure successful sampling.

[0035] Embodiment 2, an engineering geology sampling method, realized by using the engineering geology sampling device described in embodiment 1, the sampling method comprising the following steps: S1: using the drilling equipment to drive the drill rod 3, so that the drill bit 2 and the sleeve 1 are drilled into the ground to a predetermined depth. During the drilling process, the cylindrical sleeve 5, the sampling cylinder 8 and the conical sleeve 6 are located at the lowest position in the sleeve 1. At this time, the cylindrical sleeve 5 shields the inside of the through hole 11, and the sampling cylinder 8 is out of position with the through hole 11, to prevent external soil from entering the sampling cylinder 8 during drilling; S2: by adding liquid to the inside of the core pipe 4 through the drill rod 3, the liquid enters the lower part of the conical sleeve 6 through the through hole 41, and pushes the conical sleeve 6 to move upwards in the sleeve 1, until the cylindrical sleeve 5 moves to the highest position in the sleeve 1, so that the sampling cylinder 8 is aligned with the through hole 11; S3: continue to add liquid, and continue to pressurize the lower part of the conical sleeve 6 with the liquid. Since the cylindrical sleeve 5 has moved to the highest position in the sleeve 1, the cylindrical sleeve 5 cannot continue to move upwards. Under the driving force of the hydraulic pressure, the conical sleeve 6 will continue to move upwards, and by the cooperation of the conical surface 61 and the conical surface 81, the sampling cylinder 8 is pushed to move outside the sleeve 1 through the through hole 11. In this process, the elastic ring 9 will be stretched and stored. The front end of the sampling cylinder 8 is inserted into the soil on the side wall of the drill hole, and the soil will be embedded in the sampling cylinder 8; S4: stop adding liquid and extract the liquid outward. During the extraction of the liquid, the extrusion force of the conical sleeve 6 on the sampling cylinder 8 will decrease, and the sampling cylinder 8 will automatically retract into the sleeve 1 under the elastic force of the elastic ring 9; S5: After the liquid in the sampling device is pumped out, the air in the sampling device is pumped out by a suction pump or a vacuum pump. In this process, the conical sleeve 6 is moved downward by negative pressure, and the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the sampling barrel 8 are also automatically moved downward to the lowest position under the action of gravity. The through hole 11 is shielded by the cylindrical sleeve 5 to prevent the soil in the well from mixing into the sample during the sampling device is taken out.

[0036] As a further preferred, in the process of pumping out the air in the sampling device, the drill rod 3 is quickly moved along the vertical axis direction to produce a vibration effect on the conical sleeve 6, the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the sampling barrel 8, so that the conical sleeve 6, the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the sampling barrel 8 are smoothly moved to the lower end of the casing 1. Since the sampling barrel 8 is inserted into the soil by the way of static pressure in the present application, it is more suitable for the sampling of the areas with more soft geological structure and soil.

[0037] After the sampling is completed, the casing 1 is detached from the drill rod 3, and the upper joint 31 is removed, and then the cylindrical sleeve 5 and the sampling barrel 8 are taken out from the casing 1, so that the samples in the plurality of sampling barrels 8 can be obtained.

[0038] The present application can be targeted sampling, avoiding to take out too much non-sample soil, and facilitating cleaning.

[0039] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not mean the only or limit the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various changes or equivalent replacements made to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, all belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An engineering geological sampling device, characterized in that: include: The casing (1) has a closed structure at its lower end for connecting to the drill bit (2), and the upper end of the casing (1) is used for connecting to the drill rod (3). The interior of the drill rod (3) is a circular tube structure, and a through hole (11) is radially opened in the middle section of the casing (1); A core tube (4) is coaxially arranged inside the casing (1), the upper end of the core tube (4) is connected to the inner hole of the drill rod (3), and a through hole (41) is opened on the side wall of the lower end of the core tube (4); A cylindrical sleeve (5) is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the sleeve (1) and is slidingly sleeved on the outside of the core tube (4); the lower end surface of the cylindrical sleeve (5) is a plane (51); A conical sleeve (6) is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the sleeve (1) and is slidably sleeved on the outside of the core tube (4). The conical sleeve (6) is located above the through hole (11), and the upper end of the conical sleeve (6) is a conical surface (61); The retaining ring (7) is a circular ring structure, coaxially arranged between the sleeve (1) and the core tube (4), and located between the cylindrical sleeve (5) and the conical sleeve (6). The circumferential positions of the retaining ring (7) and the sleeve (1) are relatively fixed, and a positioning hole (71) is opened in the radial direction at the bottom of the retaining ring (7); The sampling tube (8) is coaxially arranged in the positioning hole (71), the outer diameter of the sampling tube (8) is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole (11), the opening of the sampling tube (8) faces the outside of the sleeve (1), the rear end of the sampling tube (8) is a tapered surface (81), and the tapered surface (81) is in sliding contact with the conical surface (61); the outer surface of the core tube (4) is provided with an elastic ring (9) connected to the sampling tube (8), and when the elastic ring (9) contracts, the sampling tube (8) is located between the inner wall of the sleeve (1) and the outer wall of the core tube (4); When the cylindrical sleeve (5) and the sampling tube (8) are at the highest position, the sampling tube (8) is aligned with the through hole (11); when the cylindrical sleeve (5), the sampling tube (8) and the conical sleeve (6) are at the lowest position, the cylindrical sleeve (5) covers the inner side of the through hole (11).

2. An engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the casing (1) is provided with a detachable upper joint (31), the lower end of the drill rod (3) is detachably connected to the upper end of the upper joint (31), and the upper joint (31) is connected to the core tube (4) and the drill rod (3).

3. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the conical sleeve (6) has a countersink (62). When the lower end of the conical sleeve (6) abuts against the lower end surface of the inner hole of the sleeve (1), the through hole (41) is located within the height range of the countersink (62).

4. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end surface of the sampling tube (8) is aligned with the inner wall profile of the sleeve (1).

5. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper section of the inner wall of the sleeve (1) is provided with a strip groove (12) along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the retaining ring (7) is provided with a convex strip (72) that is clamped in the strip groove (12). When the conical sleeve (6) moves upward to the limit position, the lower end of the strip groove (12) is still higher than the lower end surface of the outer wall of the conical sleeve (6).

6. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining ring (7) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (71) along a circumferential array, each positioning hole (71) is provided with a sampling tube (8), and the sampling tubes (8) are connected to the elastic ring (9), and the side wall of the sleeve (1) is provided with through holes (11) corresponding to the sampling tubes (8) one by one.

7. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the front end of the sampling tube (8) is a conical structure.

8. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning hole (71) is a semicircular hole structure, and its opening faces the conical sleeve (6).

9. The engineering geological sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner buckle plate (82) is provided on the inner wall of the front end of the sampling tube (8), and the inner buckle plate (82) is inclined toward the interior of the sampling tube (8).

10. An engineering geological sampling method, characterized in that: The sampling method is realized by using the engineering geological sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The following steps are involved: S1: Using a drilling device to drive a drill rod (3), the drill bit (2) and the casing (1) are drilled into the ground to a predetermined depth. During the drilling process, the cylindrical sleeve (5), the sampling tube (8) and the conical sleeve (6) are located at the lowest position in the casing (1). At this time, the cylindrical sleeve (5) covers the inner side of the through hole (11); S2: Liquid is injected into the core tube (4) through the drill rod (3), and the liquid enters the bottom of the conical sleeve (6) through the through hole (41), and pushes the conical sleeve (6) to move upwards towards the casing (1) until the cylindrical sleeve (5) moves to the highest position in the casing (1), so that the sampling tube (8) is aligned with the through hole (11); S3: Continue to add liquid, the conical sleeve (6) will continue to move upward, and push the sampling tube (8) through the through hole (11) to move outside the casing (1), and the front end of the sampling tube (8) is inserted into the soil on the side wall of the borehole, and the soil will be embedded in the sampling tube (8); S4: Stop adding liquid and pump the liquid out; S5: After the liquid inside the sampling device is extracted, the air inside the sampling device is extracted using an air pump or a vacuum pump.

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