Multifunctional friction test bench based on pressure-torsion combined action

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material tribology performance testing, and discloses a multifunctional friction test bench based on pressure-torsion compound actuation, which comprises a host frame, a working platform, a vertical loading beam, a rotary transition beam, a pressure-torsion panel and a pressure-torsion compound actuator, the working platform is arranged at the bottom of the main machine frame, the vertical loading beam is located below the fixed cross beam, the vertical servo actuator is connected between the vertical loading beam and the fixed cross beam, the rotating transition beam is connected below the vertical loading beam, the pressure-torsion compound actuator is located on one side of the main machine frame, and the rotating transition beam is connected below the rotating transition beam. And the rotating transition beam is connected through a transmission shaft. According to the invention, composite loading of compression and torsion can be realized at the same time, compression-torsion loading of the structure is realized through movement of the compression-torsion composite actuator, friction and wear characteristics in a complex stress state can be accurately simulated, and the device is suitable for research on mechanical and friction performance of materials and structures under a multi-dimensional stress condition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material tribological performance testing, and particularly relates to a multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion combined action. BACKGROUND

[0002] In engineering practice, many mechanical structural parts are under complex stress conditions, including the combination of compression, torsion, stretching and other loads. Under such complex stress conditions, the friction and wear behavior of materials is different from that under single stress conditions. Therefore, a friction test device capable of simulating complex stress conditions is needed. At present, traditional friction test devices are mostly limited to single compression or stretching loading, and cannot meet the test requirements under complex conditions. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing friction test devices are mostly limited to single compression or stretching loading, and cannot meet the test requirements under complex conditions.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application provides a multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion combined action, which comprises a main frame, a working platform, a vertical loading beam, a rotating transition beam, a compression-torsion panel and a compression-torsion combined actuator. The main frame is two vertically arranged columns, a fixed cross beam is arranged at the top between the two columns, the working platform is connected at the bottom of the two columns, the vertical loading beam is located below the fixed cross beam and parallel to the fixed cross beam, a vertical servo actuator is connected between the vertical loading beam and the fixed cross beam, the rotating transition beam is connected below the vertical loading beam, the compression-torsion panel is arranged below the rotating transition beam, the compression-torsion combined actuator is arranged on one side of the main frame, a spherical hinge or a universal coupling is arranged in the rotating transition beam, and the compression-torsion combined actuator is connected with the rotating transition beam through a transmission shaft.

[0005] Optionally, a servo oil cylinder connected with the vertical servo actuator is arranged on the fixed cross beam, the servo oil cylinder is connected with a constant pressure servo oil source, a vertical servo actuator is also arranged in the rotating transition beam, the output end of the vertical servo actuator is connected with the compression-torsion panel, and the input end is connected with the servo oil cylinder.

[0006] Optionally, a loading beam sleeve is fixedly connected in the vertical loading beam, the lower end of the loading beam sleeve extends out of the vertical loading beam and is connected with a loading beam pad, the lower end of the loading beam pad is connected with the rotating transition beam, and the rotating transition beam is perpendicular to the vertical loading beam.

[0007] Optionally, a linear guide rail seat is arranged between the pressure-shear panel and the rotating transition beam, the linear guide rail seat comprises a linear guide rail and a sliding block, the linear guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the rotating transition beam, the sliding block is connected to the top of the pressure-shear panel, the sliding block can slide along the linear guide rail, and the linear guide rail is parallel to the rotating transition beam.

[0008] Optionally, a vertical displacement sensor is further arranged, a sleeve is arranged in the fixed cross beam, a fixed pad is arranged below the sleeve, the upper end of the vertical servo actuator passes through the fixed pad and the sleeve, screw holes are arranged on the fixed cross beam, the vertical servo actuator, the sleeve and the fixed pad, the fixed cross beam, the vertical servo actuator, the sleeve and the fixed pad are fixed by at least one fixed bolt passing through the screw holes, and the vertical displacement sensor is connected to the upper end of the vertical servo actuator and fixed to the fixed cross beam.

[0009] Optionally, a vertical displacement sensor is further arranged, a sleeve is arranged in the fixed cross beam, a fixed pad is arranged below the sleeve, the upper end of the vertical servo actuator passes through the fixed pad and the sleeve, screw holes are arranged on the vertical servo actuator, the sleeve and the fixed pad, the vertical servo actuator, the sleeve and the fixed pad are fixed by at least one fixed bolt passing through the screw holes, a linear guide rail two is arranged in the fixed cross beam, a sliding block two is arranged on the linear guide rail two, the upper end of the fixed bolt is connected to the sliding block two, the lower end of the fixed cross beam is hollowed out, the sliding block two can slide along the linear guide rail two, so that the vertical servo actuator, the sleeve and the fixed pad move in the fixed cross beam, and the vertical displacement sensor is connected to the upper end of the sliding block two.

[0010] Optionally, a multi-channel control system is further arranged, the multi-channel control system is arranged on the side of the main frame, comprises a programmable controller, a man-machine interaction interface, a data acquisition module, an analog / digital input and output interface, and the multi-channel control system is connected to the constant-pressure servo oil source, the servo oil cylinder, the vertical servo actuator and the vertical displacement sensor in a wired mode.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of clamping wheels are arranged on the vertical loading beam, and the clamping wheels are arranged at four corners on both sides of the vertical loading beam.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping wheel comprises a clamping wheel shell, a clamping wheel body and a clamping wheel ball bearing, the clamping wheel shell is welded on the vertical loading beam, a connecting shaft is arranged on the end of the clamping wheel away from the vertical loading beam, the clamping wheel ball bearing is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the clamping wheel body is arranged outside the clamping wheel ball bearing.

[0013] Optionally, a special clamp mounting groove is arranged on the working platform.

[0014] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1、The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion combined action can realize the combined loading of compression and torsion, realizes the compression-torsion loading of the structure through the movement of the compression-torsion combined actuator, can accurately simulate the friction and wear characteristics under the complex stress state, and is suitable for the mechanical and friction performance research of materials and structures under the multi-dimensional stress condition.

[0016] 2、The test bench has the characteristics of high precision, multi-channel cooperative control and flexible adjustment, can provide high-precision test results under the multi-dimensional stress environment through accurate control and multi-channel cooperative work, and is especially suitable for the fields of aviation, aerospace and mechanical manufacturing.

[0017] 3、The device has compact structure and perfect function, the modular design of the device is convenient for installation and maintenance, operation is simple and stable, the use and maintenance cost of the test equipment is reduced, the combination design of the vertical servo actuator and the fixed cross beam and the loading beam improves the loading efficiency of the system, and ensures the operation reliability under the high stress condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion combined action of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a connection structure schematic view of the vertical displacement sensor and the vertical servo actuator in the application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a structure schematic view of the clamping wheel in the application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a detail structure schematic view of the rotating transition beam of the application;

[0022] In the figure: 1, vertical displacement sensor; 2, fixed cross beam; 3, vertical servo actuator; 4, clamping wheel; 5, vertical loading beam; 6, rotating transition beam; 8, working platform; 9, fixed bolt; 10, sleeve; 11, fixed pad; 12, loading beam sleeve; 13, loading beam pad; 14, mainframe; 15, clamping wheel shell; 16, clamping wheel; 17, clamping wheel ball bearing; 18, compression-torsion panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The application will be further described in detail below. Figures 1-4

[0024] ​The application discloses a multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion combined action, which realizes systematic test on friction and wear characteristics of materials under multi-axial stress state by combining axial compression and torsion load, aims to improve loading simulation capability of the test, data acquisition accuracy and representativeness of results, so as to expand the application range and engineering adaptability of the test bench, and refers to Figure 1 The main frame 14 is two vertical columns, a fixed cross beam 2 is arranged at the top of the two columns, a work platform 8 is connected to the bottom of the two columns, the vertical loading beam 5 is arranged below the fixed cross beam 2 and parallel to the fixed cross beam 2, a vertical servo actuator 3 is connected between the vertical loading beam 5 and the fixed cross beam 2, the rotating transition beam 6 is connected below the vertical loading beam 5, the compression-torsion panel 18 is arranged below the rotating transition beam 6, the compression-torsion combined actuator is arranged on one side of the main frame 14, a spherical hinge or universal coupling is arranged in the rotating transition beam 6, and the compression-torsion combined actuator is connected with the rotating transition beam 6 through a transmission shaft;

[0025] The fixed cross beam 2 is provided with a servo cylinder connected with the vertical servo actuator 3, the servo cylinder is connected with a constant-pressure servo oil source through a high-pressure hydraulic pipeline, the rotating transition beam 6 is also provided with a vertical servo actuator 3, the output end of the vertical servo actuator 3 is connected with the compression-torsion panel 18, and the input end is connected with the servo cylinder, two vertical servo actuators 3 are arranged to realize multi-dimensional and complex movement and force loading, the output end of the servo cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical servo actuator 3 through a connecting flange, and the loading force is transmitted to the sample end through the vertical loading beam 5 and the rotating transition beam 6, so that the compression load function is realized, and the work platform 8 is provided with a special clamp mounting groove.

[0026] In further embodiments, referring to Figure 2, vertical loading beam 5 is fixedly connected with a loading beam sleeve 12, the lower end of the loading beam sleeve 13 extends out of the vertical loading beam 5 and is connected with a loading beam pad 13, the lower end of the loading beam pad 13 is connected with the rotating transition beam 6, and the rotating transition beam 6 is perpendicular to the vertical loading beam 5; further comprising a vertical displacement sensor 1, a sleeve 10 is arranged in the fixed cross beam 2, a fixed pad 11 is arranged below the sleeve 10, the upper end of the vertical servo actuator 3 passes through the fixed pad 11 and the sleeve 10, the fixed cross beam 2, the vertical servo actuator 3, the sleeve 10 and the fixed pad 11 all have screw holes, the fixed cross beam 2, the vertical servo actuator 3, the sleeve 10 and the fixed pad 11 are fixed by at least one fixed bolt 9 passing through the screw holes thereon, the vertical displacement sensor 1 is connected to the upper end of the vertical servo actuator 3 and fixed to the fixed cross beam 2, and has stability and detachability, is used for monitoring displacement in the vertical direction in real time, and improves the accuracy of test data, the sleeve 10 is installed between the fixed bolt 9 and the hole wall, is used for positioning and preventing surface damage in the tightening process; the fixed pad 11 is arranged at the top of the vertical servo actuator 3, the installation height and axis position of the actuator can be finely adjusted by replacing pads with different thicknesses, and the centering connection with the loading beam is realized.

[0027] In other embodiments, further comprising a vertical displacement sensor 1, a sleeve 10 is arranged in the fixed cross beam 2, a fixed pad 11 is arranged below the sleeve 10, the upper end of the vertical servo actuator 3 passes through the fixed pad 11 and the sleeve 10, the vertical servo actuator 3, the sleeve 10 and the fixed pad 11 all have screw holes, the vertical servo actuator 3, the sleeve 10 and the fixed pad 11 are fixed by at least one fixed bolt 9 passing through the screw holes thereon, a linear guide rail two is arranged in the fixed cross beam 2, a sliding block two is arranged on the linear guide rail two, the upper end of the fixed bolt 9 is connected with the sliding block two, the lower end of the fixed cross beam 2 is hollow, the sliding block two can slide along the linear guide rail two, so that the vertical servo actuator 3, the sleeve 10 and the fixed pad 11 move in the fixed cross beam 2, and the vertical displacement sensor 1 is connected to the upper end of the sliding block two.

[0028] In further embodiments, referring to Figure 4 , a linear guide rail seat is arranged between the compression-torsion panel 18 and the rotating transition beam 6, the linear guide rail seat comprises a linear guide rail one and a sliding block one, the linear guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the rotating transition beam 6, the sliding block is connected at the top of the compression-torsion panel 18, the sliding block can slide along the linear guide rail, the linear guide rail one is parallel to the rotating transition beam 6, and the linear guide rail seat is used for adjusting the position of the compression-torsion panel 18 in the loading process, so as to ensure the stability and repeatability in the test process;

[0029] A multi-channel control system is also included, which is arranged on the side of the main frame 14 and fixedly connected with the frame structure through bolts, so as to facilitate the state monitoring and parameter setting of the operator during the test process. The multi-channel control system includes core control components such as a programmable controller, a man-machine interface, a data acquisition module, an analog / digital input / output interface, and the like. The multi-channel control system is connected with the execution and detection components such as the constant pressure servo oil source, the servo oil cylinder, the vertical servo actuator, and the vertical displacement sensor through a wired manner, so as to realize the coordinated control and closed-loop feedback regulation of each channel.

[0030] The system can set the loading rate, the loading force size, and the loading mode (unidirectional loading or compression-torsion composite loading), and collect and process various types of sensing signals in real time during the test process. The programmable controller is used to realize the logic control and safety interlocking control of the loading process, and the man-machine interface is used to display the current test state, the loading curve, and the key parameters, so as to improve the operation convenience and data traceability of the system and ensure the accuracy, stability, and high repeatability of the test loading process. The data acquisition module and the analysis module are integrated in the multi-channel control system, which can monitor and record the force, displacement, torque, and other parameters in real time during the loading process and automatically generate the stress-strain curve, thereby facilitating the analysis of the test results.

[0031] In further embodiments, with reference to Figure 3 , the vertical loading beam 5 is provided with a plurality of clamping wheels 4, which are arranged at the four corners on both sides of the vertical loading beam 5, i.e., four clamping wheels 4 are arranged on the left and right sides of the vertical loading beam 5, respectively, and a total of eight clamping wheels 4 are distributed on the upper and lower end faces and the two side end portions. In other embodiments, at least four clamping wheels 4 are arranged on the four corners of the lower end of the vertical loading beam 5. The clamping wheel 4 includes a clamping wheel shell 15, a clamping wheel body 16, and a clamping wheel ball bearing 17. The clamping wheel shell 15 is welded or bolted to the vertical loading beam 5. The clamping wheel 15 is provided with a connecting shaft on the end away from the vertical loading beam 5. The clamping wheel ball bearing 17 is sleeved on the connecting shaft. The clamping wheel body 16 is arranged outside the clamping wheel ball bearing 17. During the test loading process, the clamping wheel 4 applies a pressing force in the vertical direction to ensure accurate transmission of the loading force and improve the stability and repeatability of the test results. After the test sample is preliminarily positioned in the special clamp on the working platform 8, the clamping wheel 4 synchronously clamps and fixes the test sample from multiple directions to realize the spatial omnidirectional constraint.

[0032] Specifically, in the embodiment, the working platform 8 is made of high-strength metal material, has good structural strength and loading stability, and is a key supporting component of the loading system; the linear guide rail seat enables the ballast panel 18 to slide linearly in the guide rail direction (i.e. the longitudinal direction of the test bench), so as to realize adjustment of the overall position of the loading system. This structure enables the test sample and the loading mechanism to be accurately aligned before loading, ensures the consistency of the loading axis, and facilitates sample replacement, switching of different test areas, and rapid arrangement of structural modules, thereby providing flexible spatial adaptability for multi-working-condition friction loading experiments.

[0033] The working principle of the application is that stable hydraulic power is provided by a constant-pressure servo oil source, a servo oil cylinder is driven by a multi-channel control system to drive a pressure-torsion combined actuator, so as to realize combined loading of a test sample; a vertical servo actuator 3 provides vertical loading force, a fixed cross beam 2 is fixed to a main frame 14, and a rotating transition beam 6 completes accurate loading of the sample; data is collected and analyzed in real time by a vertical displacement sensor 1 and a control system.

[0034] The working process of the application is as follows: before testing, the test sample is placed in a special fixture on the working platform 8, the sample is pressed or clamped from multiple directions by clamping wheels 4 installed at the lower end of the vertical loading beam 5, the stability of the sample position and the uniformity of the stress during loading are ensured, and the constant-pressure servo oil source, the multi-channel control system, the servo oil cylinder, the sensor and the actuator are checked and debugged to confirm that the connections are accurate, the operation is normal, and the loading conditions are met. Through a man-machine interface, an operator sets parameters required for testing, such as loading force, loading speed, torque, test time, etc. in the multi-channel control system;

[0035] The loading process includes two stages:

[0036] (1) Vertical loading: the constant-pressure servo oil source provides stable hydraulic power, the multi-channel control system issues a loading instruction, and the vertical servo actuator 3 generates axial movement. The vertical servo actuator 3 is installed in the upper frame structure of the test bench, and its output end is connected to the vertical loading beam 5 and the rotating transition beam 6 through a connecting structure. The loading force is transmitted from the vertical loading beam 5 to the fixed test sample, realizing compression loading in the vertical direction. The vertical displacement sensor 1 is installed on the fixed cross beam 2 to monitor the displacement change in real time during loading and feed back the data to the multi-channel control system for loading adjustment and data collection.

[0037] (2) Compression-torsion combined loading: on the basis of completing vertical compression loading, the multi-channel control system further controls the servo oil cylinder to drive the compression-torsion combined actuator to act, the compression-torsion combined actuator is installed on one side or the rear of the loading system, is connected with the rotary transition beam 6 through a transmission shaft, one end of the rotary transition beam 6 is connected with the vertical loading beam 5, and the other end is connected with the output shaft of the compression-torsion combined actuator, a ball hinge, a universal coupling or a flexible connecting piece is arranged in the structure, so that the vertical compression load is applied to the loading beam, and at the same time, a torsion load is applied to the sample axis direction, the structure enables the loading beam to have the combined motion capability of axial compression and axial torsion, so that the compression-torsion combined loading of the sample is realized; the rotary transition beam 6 acts as a force transmission and conversion structure in the loading process, and plays a role of introducing the torsion action into the loading beam.

[0038] The linear guide rail seat can adjust the front and rear positions of the compression-torsion panel 18 as required, cooperates with the fixed cross beam 2 and the loading system structure, realizes the centering before loading and the working condition adaptability adjustment, and further improves the loading precision and the test repeatability, and simulates the stress state of the material in the actual complex stress environment.

[0039] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and all should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main frame (14), a working platform (8), a vertical loading beam (5), a rotating transition beam (6), a compression-torsion panel (18) and a compression-torsion compound actuator, wherein the main frame (14) is two vertically arranged columns, a fixed crossbeam (2) is provided at the top between the two columns, the working platform (8) is connected to the bottom of the two columns, the vertical loading beam (5) is located below the fixed crossbeam (2) and is parallel to the fixed crossbeam (2), a vertical servo actuator (3) is connected between the vertical loading beam (5) and the fixed crossbeam (2), the rotating transition beam (6) is connected below the vertical loading beam (5), a compression-torsion panel (18) is provided below the rotating transition beam (6), the compression-torsion compound actuator is located on one side of the main frame (14), a ball joint or a universal coupling is provided in the rotating transition beam (6), and the compression-torsion compound actuator is connected to the rotating transition beam (6) through a transmission shaft.

2. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A servo oil cylinder connected to a vertical servo actuator (3) is provided on the fixed crossbeam (2), and the servo oil cylinder is externally connected to a constant pressure servo oil source. A vertical servo actuator (3) is also provided in the rotating transition beam (6), and the output end of the vertical servo actuator (3) is connected to a compression and twisting panel (18), and the input end is connected to the servo oil cylinder.

3. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A loading beam sleeve (12) is fixedly connected inside the vertical loading beam (5), the lower end of the loading beam sleeve (13) extends out of the vertical loading beam (5) and is connected to a loading beam pad (13), the lower end of the loading beam pad (13) is connected to a rotating transition beam (6), and the rotating transition beam (6) is perpendicular to the vertical loading beam (5).

4. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A linear guide rail seat is provided between the compression-torsion panel (18) and the rotating transition beam (6), the linear guide rail seat comprising a linear guide rail 1 and a slider 1, the linear guide rail being provided at the bottom of the rotating transition beam (6), the slider being connected to the top of the compression-torsion panel (18), the slider being capable of sliding along the linear guide rail, and the linear guide rail 1 being parallel to the rotating transition beam (6).

5. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a vertical displacement sensor (1), wherein a sleeve (10) is provided in the fixed beam (2), a fixed pad (11) is provided below the sleeve (10), the upper end of the vertical servo actuator (3) passes through the fixed pad (11) and the sleeve (10), the fixed beam (2), the vertical servo actuator (3), the sleeve (10) and the fixed pad (11) are all provided with screw holes, and the fixed beam (2), the vertical servo actuator (3), the sleeve (10) and the fixed pad (11) are fixed by at least one fixing bolt (9) passing through the screw holes thereon, and the vertical displacement sensor (1) is connected to the upper end of the vertical servo actuator (3) and fixed to the fixed beam (2).

6. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a vertical displacement sensor (1), a sleeve (10) is provided in the fixed crossbeam (2), a fixed pad (11) is provided below the sleeve (10), the upper end of the vertical servo actuator (3) passes through the fixed pad (11) and the sleeve (10), and screw holes are provided on the vertical servo actuator (3), the sleeve (10) and the fixed pad (11). The vertical servo actuator (3), the sleeve (10) and the fixed pad (11) are connected by at least one screw hole. A fixing bolt (9) is passed through a screw hole thereon for fixing. A linear guide rail 2 is provided in the fixed beam (2). A slider 2 is provided on the linear guide rail 2. The upper end of the fixing bolt (9) is connected to the slider 2. The lower end of the fixed beam (2) is hollowed out. The slider 2 can slide along the linear guide rail 2, so that the vertical servo actuator (3), the sleeve (10) and the fixed pad (11) move in the fixed beam (2). The vertical displacement sensor (1) is connected to the upper end of the slider 2.

7. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that: The multi-channel control system is also included. The multi-channel control system is arranged on the side of the main frame (14) and includes a programmable controller, a human-computer interaction interface, a data acquisition module, and an analog / digital input and output interface. The multi-channel control system is connected to the constant pressure servo oil source, the servo oil cylinder, the vertical servo actuator, and the vertical displacement sensor in a wired manner.

8. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical loading beam (5) is provided with a plurality of clamping wheels (4), and the clamping wheels (4) are respectively arranged at the four corners on both sides of the vertical loading beam (5).

9. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The clamping wheel (4) comprises a clamping wheel housing (15), a clamping wheel body (16) and a clamping wheel ball bearing (17); the clamping wheel housing (15) is welded to the vertical loading beam (5); a connecting shaft is provided on one end of the clamping wheel (15) away from the vertical loading beam (5); the clamping wheel ball bearing (17) is sleeved on the connecting shaft; and the clamping wheel body (16) is arranged outside the clamping wheel ball bearing (17).

10. The multifunctional friction test bench based on compression-torsion compound action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working platform (8) is provided with a special fixture installation slot.

Images