Underwater target intelligent positioning method and system based on magnetic field data feature extraction

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of underwater target detection and intelligent positioning, and provides an underwater target intelligent positioning method and system based on magnetic field data feature extraction, and the method comprises the steps: determining that a target submarine cable section is in a special arrangement shape, and the surface sediment is an organic enrichment layer; identifying the special-shaped structure characteristics of the target submarine cable section, and obtaining historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area and an initial abnormal positioning value set for the target submarine cable section; the invention provides a positioning method based on specific abnormal mode recognition and structure torsion resistance deviation calculation, aiming at solving the technical problem that an underwater submarine cable is easy to generate magnetic field response abnormity under the combined action of an organic enrichment deposition environment and a special arrangement shape. In the composite environment, high-magnetic-conductivity particles in the sediment may form a local magnetic field trailing effect in a structure turning or stacking area, so that an abnormal response map does not have regularity and is easily confused with normal disturbance, and misjudgment is caused.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of underwater target detection and intelligent positioning, and particularly relates to an underwater target intelligent positioning method and system based on magnetic field data feature extraction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation of seabed power or communication systems, the structural integrity and state stability of the submarine cable as an important transmission channel are directly related to the safe operation of the overall system. For this reason, the industry has generally deployed magnetic field monitoring devices to analyze the magnetic field disturbance characteristics generated during the operation of the submarine cable by collecting real-time or periodic seabed magnetic field data. Then, an identification model based on abnormal response is constructed to realize early warning of potential structural damage, external interference or positioning deviation. The existing technology mainly relies on the sudden change of magnetic flux intensity, frequency drift or disturbance energy concentration, and combines known path mapping to complete preliminary target positioning. This method has certain applicability in simple structure and stable environment sea areas and can realize basic alarm function and regional positioning.

[0003] However, in some complex sea areas with special geological structures and sedimentary environments, the laying form of the submarine cable often shows irregular arrangement, such as bending, backfolding, overlapping or stacking, etc. These structures are often superimposed with sedimentary layers rich in high organic matter content or high magnetic permeability particles, forming a so-called "composite scene of organic-rich sedimentary environment and special arrangement shape". In such a scene, the magnetic field response signal is easily affected by the disturbance enhancement effect, forming a tailing pattern, local high-frequency rupture or boundary distortion, resulting in that the disturbance pattern does not have clear energy concentration characteristics or edge structure, and the abnormal signal is easily covered by background noise or misjudged as environmental noise. The traditional positioning mechanism relying on single feature mutation has insufficient robustness under this condition, and it is difficult to stably extract the real structural abnormal characteristics, and it is prone to false alarm, missed alarm, positioning deviation, etc.

[0004] In addition, the existing magnetic field monitoring positioning method is based on the abnormal intensity value or deviation degree calculated from single observation data or preliminary response pattern to generate an "abnormal positioning value" as the core basis for subsequent judgment and positioning. However, in a complex interference scene, the initial abnormal positioning value is often affected by factors such as magnetic field disturbance directionality, tailing evolution dynamics and multi-peak interference, and there is a certain degree of deviation from the real abnormal section. The current technology has not established a mechanism for dynamic correction based on structural disturbance characteristics and pattern change rules, and cannot accurately reflect the real position of the structural anomaly in the background of complex sedimentary structures and special arrangement shapes, which restricts the further improvement of intelligent underwater fault positioning accuracy and adaptability. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide an underwater target intelligent positioning method and system based on magnetic field data feature extraction, and aims to solve the problems proposed in the background art.

[0006] The application is implemented as an underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] When it is determined that the target submarine cable section is in a special arrangement shape and the surface sediment thereof is an organic enrichment layer, the special-shaped structural features of the target submarine cable section are identified, historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area are obtained, and an initial abnormal positioning value set for the target submarine cable section is obtained;

[0008] It is determined whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode, i.e., the magnetic field disturbance atlas of the target submarine cable section has a tail-like high-frequency break, and the tail-like high-frequency break does not occur in the submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section which are not in a special arrangement shape;

[0009] In the case where it is determined that there is a specific abnormal mode, a plurality of reference samples which are consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also have the specific abnormal mode are extracted from the historical magnetic field monitoring data;

[0010] The structural distortion degree indexes of the tailing regions of the disturbance atlas of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the submarine cable sections before and after the special arrangement shape submarine cable section are calculated, and the comprehensive deviation degree values between the structural distortion degree indexes are determined;

[0011] Based on the comprehensive deviation degree values of all the reference samples, a correction factor is determined, the initial abnormal positioning value is corrected to obtain a corrected abnormal positioning value, and the underwater abnormal submarine cable section is positioned based on the corrected abnormal positioning value.

[0012] As a further limitation of the embodiment technical scheme of the application, the special-shaped structural features refer to structural bending points, cross-lapping sections or local backfolding sections existing in the submarine cable section, and in terms of geometric shape, there is a significant change in path direction, an increase in laying curvature or an increase in cable line body overlapping density relative to adjacent non-special-shaped sections.

[0013] As a further limitation of the embodiment technical scheme of the application, the step of determining whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode, i.e., the magnetic field disturbance atlas of the target submarine cable section has a tail-like high-frequency break, and the tail-like high-frequency break does not occur in the submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section which are not in a special arrangement shape, comprises the following steps:

[0014] Magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section is extracted from the historical magnetic field monitoring data;

[0015] The magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section is analyzed, a corresponding magnetic field disturbance map is generated, and the frequency distribution characteristics and boundary continuity characteristics of the disturbance signal are extracted based on the tailing area in the magnetic field disturbance map;

[0016] It is judged whether the energy distribution higher than the preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution characteristics appears more than a preset number of local peaks in the tailing area, and the amplitude of each peak exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band;

[0017] At the same time, it is judged whether the slope change rate of the tailing area boundary in the boundary continuity characteristics exceeds the preset threshold of the boundary slope change on a plurality of consecutive sampling points;

[0018] If the above two conditions are met, and the front and rear non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections of the target submarine cable section do not simultaneously meet any of the above characteristic abnormal conditions, it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode.

[0019] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the background information consistency refers to the fact that the submarine cable area of the reference sample has the same or within a preset range of parameter characteristics in terms of cable structure type, laying depth range, seabed topography type, sediment type and regional magnetic field background characteristics.

[0020] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the step of calculating the structure distortion index of the tailing area of the disturbance map of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it corresponding to each reference sample, and determining the comprehensive deviation degree value between the structure distortion indexes comprises:

[0021] Each reference sample is analyzed, and the edge profile change curve and the map gradient distribution data of the tailing area of the disturbance map of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it are extracted therefrom;

[0022] Based on the edge profile change curve, the edge continuity index is extracted, and based on the map gradient distribution data, the dispersion index of local gradient direction and the jump frequency index are extracted;

[0023] According to a preset weighting rule, the edge continuity index, the gradient direction dispersion index and the jump frequency index are combined to generate a corresponding structure distortion index;

[0024] The structure distortion deviation amplitudes of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section compared with the front section and the rear section are calculated respectively, different weight coefficients are applied to the front and rear deviation amplitudes, and the structure distortion comprehensive deviation degree value of the reference sample is determined.

[0025] As a further limitation of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, based on the comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, a correction factor is determined, and the initial abnormal positioning value is corrected to obtain a corrected abnormal positioning value, and the step of positioning the underwater abnormal submarine cable section based on the corrected abnormal positioning value comprises:

[0026] The average value of the structural distortion comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples is used as the correction factor for correcting the initial abnormal positioning value;

[0027] A preset correction function is called, and the correction factor is applied to the initial abnormal positioning value to generate a corrected abnormal positioning value;

[0028] The corrected abnormal positioning value is compared with a preset abnormal recognition threshold value, and if it exceeds the preset abnormal recognition threshold value, the target submarine cable section is determined as an abnormal section, and the accurate positioning result of the abnormal section in the geographic coordinate system or the cable path identification system is output.

[0029] As a further limitation of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the correction function is:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, A final refers to the corrected abnormal positioning value, A init refers to the initial abnormal positioning value, n refers to the total number of reference samples, D i refers to the comprehensive deviation degree value corresponding to the i-th reference sample, refers to the average value of the comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, K refers to a control amplitude coefficient, and K>0 is satisfied;

[0032] In the correction function:

[0033]

[0034] Wherein, S i refers to the structural distortion index of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section of the i-th reference sample, P i and Q i respectively refer to the structural distortion indexes of the front section and the rear section of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section of the i-th reference sample, X1 and X2 respectively refer to front and rear weight factors, and X1+X2=1 is satisfied.

[0035] An underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction, the system comprises:

[0036] The special-shaped structure recognition module is configured to, when it is determined that the target submarine cable section is in a special arrangement shape and the surface sediment of the target submarine cable section is an organic-rich layer, recognize a special-shaped structure feature of the target submarine cable section, acquire historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area, and set an initial abnormal positioning value for the target submarine cable section;

[0037] The abnormal pattern determination module is configured to determine whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern, that is, the magnetic field disturbance pattern of the target submarine cable section has a tail-shaped high-frequency rupture, and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section do not have the tail-shaped high-frequency rupture phenomenon.

[0038] The reference sample extraction module is configured to, when it is determined that there is a specific abnormal pattern, extract a plurality of reference samples from the historical magnetic field monitoring data, the reference samples being consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also having the specific abnormal pattern.

[0039] The structure distortion degree analysis module is configured to calculate a structure distortion degree index of a tail region of a disturbance pattern of each reference sample corresponding to a special arrangement shape submarine cable section and non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after the special arrangement shape submarine cable section, and determine a comprehensive deviation degree value between the structure distortion degree indexes.

[0040] The abnormal positioning correction module is configured to determine a correction factor based on the comprehensive deviation degree values of all reference samples, correct the initial abnormal positioning value to obtain a corrected abnormal positioning value, and position the underwater abnormal submarine cable section based on the corrected abnormal positioning value.

[0041] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the special-shaped structure feature refers to a structure bending point, a cross-lapping section or a local backfolding section in the submarine cable section, and in terms of geometric shape, it has a significant change in path direction, an increase in laying curvature or an increase in cable line body overlapping density relative to adjacent non-special-shaped sections.

[0042] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the abnormal pattern determination module specifically includes:

[0043] The magnetic field data extraction unit is configured to extract magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section from the historical magnetic field monitoring data.

[0044] The disturbance pattern generation unit is configured to analyze the magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section, generate a corresponding magnetic field disturbance pattern, and extract frequency distribution features and boundary continuity features of disturbance signals based on a tail region in the magnetic field disturbance pattern.

[0045] The frequency characteristic judging unit is configured to judge whether the energy distribution higher than the preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution characteristic appears more than a preset number of local peaks in the tailing region, and the amplitude of each peak is more than a preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band.

[0046] The boundary continuity judging unit is configured to simultaneously judge whether the slope change rate of the tailing region boundary in the boundary continuity characteristic exceeds a preset threshold of boundary slope change on a plurality of continuous sampling points.

[0047] The abnormal mode confirming unit is configured to determine that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode if the two conditions are both met, and the submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section with the non-special arrangement shape do not simultaneously meet any of the characteristic abnormal conditions.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] The present application aims at the technical problem that the underwater submarine cable is prone to abnormal magnetic field response under the combined action of organic enrichment deposition environment and special arrangement shape, and proposes a positioning method based on specific abnormal mode recognition and structure distortion deviation calculation. In such a composite environment, high magnetic permeability particles in the sediment may form a local magnetic field tailing effect in the structure transition or stacking area, resulting in irregular abnormal response spectrum and easy confusion with normal disturbance, thereby causing misjudgment.

[0050] The present application extracts edge continuity, gradient dispersion and jump frequency by analyzing the tailing high-frequency broken characteristic in the spectrum, generates a comprehensive deviation degree by combining the difference weight of the front and rear sections, and corrects the positioning result accordingly. Compared with the traditional method which only relies on magnetic intensity mutation, this scheme can accurately identify the real abnormal behavior under superimposed interference, improve the positioning accuracy and adaptability, and solve the problem of insufficient positioning capability of the prior art in complex deposition structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 The flowchart for judging whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode in the method provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 The flowchart for determining the reference sample structure distortion index extraction and comprehensive deviation degree value in the method provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 The flowchart for correcting the initial abnormal positioning value based on the correction factor and completing the positioning determination in the method provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 An application architecture diagram of the system provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0056] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of an abnormal pattern determination module in the system provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0059] Specifically, an underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step S100, when it is determined that the target submarine cable section is in a special arrangement shape and the surface sediment thereof is an organic enrichment layer, identifying the special-shaped structural features of the target submarine cable section, obtaining the historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area, and setting an initial abnormal positioning value for the target submarine cable section.

[0061] The special-shaped structural features refer to structural bending points, cross-lapping sections or local backfolding sections existing in the submarine cable section, and in terms of geometric shape, there is a significant change in path direction, an increase in laying curvature or an increase in cable line body overlapping density relative to adjacent non-special-shaped sections.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the establishment of the present application is based on in-depth analysis and intelligent positioning of the magnetic field anomaly characteristics of the submarine cable laying section in a specific underwater environment. By extracting key structural feature indicators from the magnetic field disturbance data, combining the historical monitoring data of the target area and the structural reference sample, identifying and correcting the problems of easy interference and significant deviation in the traditional abnormal positioning method, the positioning of the underwater abnormal section with higher precision is realized. The present application focuses on the interference amplification effect under specific structural and environmental combination conditions, and through the establishment of a feature extraction and correction mechanism, the accuracy, stability and interpretability of underwater magnetic field data analysis are effectively improved.

[0063] The target sea area refers to the underwater space in a specific geographical range containing the target submarine cable section, usually taking the area marked in the actual submarine cable path planning as the benchmark, covering the related magnetic field monitoring data layout range. The target submarine cable section refers to the submarine cable laying paragraph in the target sea area and identified as having potential structural abnormal risk, having special arrangement shape characteristics, such as structural repetition, concentrated bending, or complex connection form, etc.

[0064] The research object of the present application is a special arrangement shape of the submarine cable laying section under the organic enrichment layer. Under the influence of the combination of the cable structure characteristics and the sediment, the local magnetic field disturbance pattern often appears special modes such as nonlinear enhancement, waveform tailing, high frequency cracking, etc. Especially, the organic enrichment layer is significantly different from the conventional sediment in magnetic permeability and medium characteristics, and under the influence of the special arrangement structure, it is more likely to cause the superposition effect of the abnormal response of the magnetic field, so that the original positioning model faces the risk of misjudgment, deviation or failure. Therefore, this type of laying section becomes the key analysis object of the present application to realize the accurate identification and correction of the abnormal section.

[0065] It should be noted that in actual application, the target submarine cable section and its adjacent sections before and after are usually located in the same preset range of sea area, and the sediment types, components and magnetic response background are basically consistent, so the present application can regard the sediment characteristics as a consistent background condition, thereby focusing more on the dominant influence of the submarine cable arrangement structure itself on the magnetic disturbance pattern.

[0066] The initial abnormal positioning value refers to the potential abnormal position of the target submarine cable section deduced based on the existing magnetic field disturbance model or empirical criterion, which is used as the basis for subsequent correction. In actual engineering, the initial abnormal positioning value is usually determined automatically by the existing monitoring system, including deducing according to the phenomena such as magnetic field intensity mutation, interference source aggregation or path interruption, and its algorithm logic is mature and widely used in the initial detection stage of engineering, but its result is easy to be deviated under the influence of complex laying structure, so the present application needs to further introduce a correction mechanism on this basis.

[0067] The special-shaped structure refers to the abnormal structure of the target submarine cable section, including but not limited to the following three types: 1, structure bending point, which is the part where the path direction is sharply deflected or twisted, often appearing due to terrain adaptation or stress avoidance; 2, cross lap section, which refers to the overlapping or cross laying of multiple cables in the same area, resulting in a significant increase in local structural complexity; 3, local backfolding section, which usually refers to the cable turning, folding or ring laying structure formed in a limited space. These structures are easy to form concentrated interference effect in the magnetic field distribution, which significantly affects the stability of the magnetic disturbance pattern.

[0068] The historical magnetic field monitoring data refers to the magnetic field original observation data collected at different times and states for a target sea area, which is usually collected by laying magnetic field sensors in the target area, deploying magnetic field probes or using seabed inspection equipment. The data is obtained by periodic collection. This kind of data is derived from existing submarine cable operation monitoring systems or special deployment tasks, has a certain time depth and spatial resolution, and can effectively support the structural response analysis and abnormal trend extraction of the target section. The data content includes magnetic flux intensity, frequency response, disturbance spectrum and other multi-dimensional indicators, which is the basic support data for feature extraction and correction judgment of the present application.

[0069] In some implementation scenarios, the historical magnetic field monitoring data can also be collected by quantum magnetic field detection equipment, such as high-precision quantum magnetometers based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) or spin magnetic resonance principles deployed in the target area to achieve high-resolution observation of weak magnetic field disturbances. Compared with traditional sensing methods, quantum magnetic field detection technology has significant advantages in detection sensitivity, frequency response width and anti-interference ability, which can further improve the fine analysis effect of the magnetic field disturbance spectrum, especially suitable for deep sea environments with weak structural disturbance features and complex evolution processes.

[0070] At the same time, such historical magnetic field monitoring data itself covers all the core data basis required for subsequent analysis steps in the present application, including: frequency distribution and boundary continuity feature data for judging trailing high-frequency rupture, edge contour curve and spectrum gradient distribution data for calculating structural distortion index, and abnormal response value for positioning determination. Therefore, the historical magnetic field monitoring data not only constitutes the entrance information source of feature recognition, but also is the full-process data support for the generation of correction factors and the final positioning decision.

[0071] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step S200, judging whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode, that is, the magnetic field disturbance spectrum of the target submarine cable section has a trailing high-frequency rupture, and the trailing high-frequency rupture does not appear in the submarine cable sections arranged in a non-specific shape before and after it.

[0073] Specifically, Figure 2 A flowchart for judging whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode is shown.

[0074] Wherein, judging whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode, that is, the magnetic field disturbance spectrum of the target submarine cable section has a trailing high-frequency rupture, and the trailing high-frequency rupture does not appear in the submarine cable sections arranged in a non-specific shape before and after it specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S201, extracting the magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section from the historical magnetic field monitoring data;

[0076] Step S202, analyzing the magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section, generating its corresponding magnetic field disturbance map, and extracting the frequency distribution characteristics and boundary continuity characteristics of the disturbance signal based on the tailing region in the magnetic field disturbance map;

[0077] Step S203, determining whether the energy distribution higher than the preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution characteristics appears more than a preset number of local peaks in the tailing region, and the amplitude of each peak exceeds the preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band;

[0078] Step S204, simultaneously determining whether the slope change rate of the tailing region boundary in the boundary continuity characteristics exceeds the preset threshold of boundary slope change on a plurality of consecutive sampling points;

[0079] Step S205, if the above two conditions are met, and the front and rear submarine cable sections of the target submarine cable section do not simultaneously satisfy any of the above characteristic abnormal conditions, it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal mode.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present application, the tailing high-frequency rupture phenomenon in the magnetic field disturbance map does not occur in all special arrangement shape target submarine cable sections. The occurrence of this phenomenon has certain randomness and scene dependence, and only under the superposition of certain specific laying structure and specific magnetic field background, it is more likely to form. Therefore, the probability of occurrence of this phenomenon in actual engineering sea area is limited. However, because of the combination of its limitation and regularity, this phenomenon becomes an important characteristic signal for determining abnormality, thereby constituting the basis for selecting the specific abnormal mode as the research premise of the present application. By identifying this kind of abnormal map mode, the target section with potential abnormality can be effectively extracted from the massive magnetic field data, and the pertinence and credibility of the subsequent positioning process are enhanced.

[0081] In step S201, a standard magnetic field monitoring data management system is used to retrieve the scanning records corresponding to the target submarine cable section from the historical magnetic field data based on the geographical path or number index of the target submarine cable section. This step can be completed by using the existing cable magnetic field monitoring platform or the submarine magnetometer supporting system.

[0082] In step S202, the extracted magnetic field scanning data is analyzed by using a signal processing method to form a two-dimensional disturbance map. The generation of the map usually relies on image conversion and interpolation reconstruction technology, and then the frequency distribution characteristics are extracted by using spectrum analysis tools, and the boundary continuity characteristics are extracted by using contour detection algorithm to identify the boundary of the map.

[0083] In step S203, statistical analysis is performed on the frequency distribution characteristics to determine whether a number of local peaks exceeding a certain set value appears in the tail region. For example, the preset number can be set to 5 to 8 peaks, and the amplitude of each peak needs to be higher than 2 to 3 times the average energy of the frequency band in which it is located. This setting can be realized by Fourier transform combined with a threshold determination model.

[0084] In step S204, for the calculation of the boundary slope change rate, a sliding window is used to perform first derivative fitting on the edge curve of the map, the slope change value of each sampling point is extracted, and it is determined whether the change amplitude of 3 to 6 consecutive sampling points exceeds a preset boundary slope change threshold (for example, the slope change rate exceeds ±1.2 unit standard deviation).

[0085] In step S205, on the basis of determining that the above-mentioned characteristic conditions are met, the map of the non-special arrangement shape section before and after the target submarine cable section is introduced as a control reference, and if the same characteristic anomaly does not appear in the control section, the structural specificity of the phenomenon is further confirmed. The reason for setting this judgment condition is that if the same kind of high-frequency rupture disturbance exists in the front and rear sections, the phenomenon may be caused by system noise or regional environmental commonality, and it is difficult to explain the local influence of the special arrangement structure. Therefore, this judgment is a key standard for ensuring that the abnormal mode has structural attribution significance.

[0086] The core significance of the entire step S200 is to identify those submarine cable sections that are more likely to be affected by structural layout and have physical form abnormalities based on whether there is a specific abnormal mode with structural attribution characteristics in the magnetic field disturbance map. This identification mechanism constitutes the core technical idea of the present application, that is, through the coupling analysis of high-recognition map patterns and structural reference differences, early perception and accurate positioning of abnormal targets are realized, which provides a scientific basis for the subsequent correction mechanism based on feature distortion degree.

[0087] Especially need to point out that in the case of the existence of organic enrichment layer sediments, if the target submarine cable section also has a special arrangement shape, it is more likely to form a complex electromagnetic disturbance structure in the local area. Specifically, the high content of organic matter and particle sediments in the organic enrichment layer not only changes the local magnetic field propagation path, but also may enhance the response sensitivity of the cable structure to external disturbance; and the dramatic change in path direction, the increase in curvature and the overlapping structure caused by the special arrangement shape further amplify the nonlinear characteristics of the response process. Both often coexist in actual scenarios, and their joint effect constitutes the most valuable composite cause basis for abnormal mode recognition.

[0088] Therefore, by identifying the magnetic field disturbance pattern features with such a joint background, not only can the differences in physical structures be effectively attributed, but also the correlation between the identified abnormal patterns and potential submarine cable risks can be significantly enhanced, thereby breaking through the problem in the prior art that the explanation of magnetic field abnormal phenomena lacks mechanism division and is difficult to accurately attribute, and significantly improving the precision, stability and interpretability of underwater anomaly identification.

[0089] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction further includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S300, in the case of determining that there is a specific abnormal pattern, extracting a plurality of reference samples from historical magnetic field monitoring data, which are consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also have a specific abnormal pattern.

[0091] The consistent background information means that the cable region of the reference sample has the same or within the same preset range of parameter features in terms of cable structure type, laying depth range, seabed topography type, sediment type and regional magnetic field background characteristics.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present application, the core purpose of selecting reference samples is to provide a data basis with comparability and attribution value for subsequent structure distortion degree evaluation and abnormal positioning correction. Since the formation of the specific abnormal pattern is closely related to the special structure features of the target submarine cable section and is significantly affected by the regional background conditions, only when the reference sample is consistent with the target submarine cable section in terms of key background parameters, can the magnetic field disturbance features presented by the reference sample have comparability, attribution and statistical significance.

[0093] The background information of the reference sample covers multiple dimensions such as cable structure type, laying depth range, seabed topography type, sediment type and regional magnetic field background characteristics, which together determine the basic form and propagation path of the magnetic field disturbance. By selecting samples that are the same as or within the same preset range as the target submarine cable section in these dimensions, the disturbance differences caused by non-structural factors can be minimized, so that the analysis results in the subsequent calculation of structure distortion degree index and comprehensive deviation degree are more targeted and reliable.

[0094] These reference samples reflect specific abnormal pattern performance caused by structural factors under similar background conditions, thus effectively revealing the key relationship between "structural characteristics and abnormal response". Further, by statistically analyzing the disturbance pattern difference corresponding to the structural characteristics in multiple reference samples, not only the robustness of specific abnormal pattern judgment can be enhanced, but also a quantitative and explicit correction basis for modifying the initial abnormal positioning value of the target submarine cable section can be provided. This sample selection strategy based on similarity constraint is a key link to realize intelligent underwater anomaly identification and positioning accuracy improvement.

[0095] Further, the intelligent positioning method of underwater target based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises the following steps:

[0096] Step S400, calculate the structural distortion degree index of the tailing area of the disturbance pattern of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable section before and after it, and determine the comprehensive deviation degree value between the structural distortion degree indexes.

[0097] Specifically, Figure 3 A flow chart for determining the reference sample structural distortion degree index extraction and comprehensive deviation degree value is shown.

[0098] Wherein, the calculation of the structural distortion degree index of the tailing area of the disturbance pattern of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable section before and after it, and the determination of the comprehensive deviation degree value between the structural distortion degree indexes specifically comprises the following steps:

[0099] Step S401, analyze each reference sample, and extract the edge profile change curve and pattern gradient distribution data of the tailing area of the disturbance pattern of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable section before and after it from the reference sample;

[0100] Step S402, based on the edge profile change curve, extract the edge continuity index, and based on the pattern gradient distribution data, extract the dispersion index of local gradient direction and the jump frequency index;

[0101] Step S403, according to the preset weighting rule, combine the edge continuity index, the gradient direction dispersion index and the jump frequency index to generate the corresponding structural distortion degree index;

[0102] Step S404, calculate the structural distortion deviation amplitude of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section compared with the front section and the rear section respectively, and apply different weight coefficients to the front and rear deviation amplitudes to determine the structural distortion comprehensive deviation degree value of the reference sample.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the magnetic field disturbance map of the submarine cable section in the reference sample needs to be regionally segmented first to determine the corresponding tail region. Based on the map image data, an image contour extraction algorithm (such as the Canny edge detection algorithm) is used to obtain the edge contour change curve of the tail region. In order to further analyze the small morphological changes of the disturbance boundary, curve fitting and multi-segment slope extraction techniques are used to realize the quantitative extraction of the edge trend change.

[0104] In step S402, the edge continuity index is obtained by analyzing the continuity of the edge contour change curve. Specifically, the method of fitting the slope change of the line segment in the sliding window can be used to identify the proportion of continuous change and sudden change region in the edge curve; poor continuity means that the boundary has more breaks or bends, indicating a more complex structural response. The gradient distribution data of the map can be used to calculate the local directional gradient of the image by Sobel operator or Scharr operator, and further extract the gradient direction dispersion index (such as the standard deviation of the direction vector) and the jump frequency index (such as the frequency of large sudden changes in the gradient). These two indexes respectively reflect the complexity of the magnetic field direction change in the disturbance map and the severity of the map jump.

[0105] In step S403, in order to generate the structural distortion index, the influence weight of each index on the disturbance morphology in the actual map is combined, a preset weighting rule (such as edge continuity proportion 0.4, dispersion index 0.3, and jump frequency index 0.3) is set, and the three indexes are weighted and summed to obtain the structural distortion index value in a unified scale. This index quantifies the complexity of the target tail region map morphology and is the core parameter for subsequent comparison of structural response deviation.

[0106] For the calculation of the deviation amplitude of the structural distortion, the relative deviation ratio method can be used in step S404, specifically: (the structural distortion index of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section - the structural distortion index of the previous / next section) / the structural distortion index of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section. This deviation ratio can accurately depict the dispersion degree of the structural disturbance response between the special section and the surrounding section, and the larger the value, the more intense the structural mutation.

[0107] In determining the weighting of the deviation amplitude of the previous and next structures, considering the structural disturbance evolution law found in actual magnetic field monitoring, the special arrangement shape submarine cable section is more easily affected by the previous section in its laying direction, for example, the front of the tail-shaped high-frequency rupture is usually closer to the starting change of the structure. Therefore, according to the energy attenuation rate of the previous and next disturbance signals, the difference in the edge slope of the map, and other factors, the weight of the previous section can be set to be higher (for example, the forward weight is 0.6 and the backward weight is 0.4), to more truly reflect the time sequence and propagation direction of the structural evolution, so that the final comprehensive deviation degree value has more physical meaning and positioning reference value.

[0108] It is worth emphasizing that the prior art usually does not differentiate the weights of the front and rear sections when analyzing the magnetic field disturbance structure, and does not reveal the actual influence of the directional factor on the structure deviation judgment in the evolution process of the disturbance form. The present application breaks through the traditional symmetric evaluation analysis method by introducing the forward dominance logic of the disturbance propagation path and combining the trend change law of the atlas characteristics, and has strong novelty and significant technical progress significance.

[0109] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises the following steps:

[0110] Step S500, based on the comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, determine the correction factor, and correct the initial abnormal positioning value to obtain the corrected abnormal positioning value, and based on the corrected abnormal positioning value, position the underwater abnormal submarine cable section.

[0111] Specifically, Figure 4 A flow chart for correcting the initial abnormal positioning value based on the correction factor and completing the positioning determination is shown.

[0112] Among them, based on the comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, determine the correction factor, and correct the initial abnormal positioning value to obtain the corrected abnormal positioning value, and based on the corrected abnormal positioning value, position the underwater abnormal submarine cable section, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0113] Step S501, based on the average value of the structure distortion comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, as the correction factor for correcting the initial abnormal positioning value;

[0114] Step S502, call the preset correction function, and apply the correction factor to the initial abnormal positioning value to generate the corrected abnormal positioning value;

[0115] Step S503, compare the corrected abnormal positioning value with the preset abnormal recognition threshold value, if it exceeds the preset abnormal recognition threshold value, determine that the target submarine cable section is an abnormal section, and output the accurate positioning result of the abnormal section in the geographic coordinate system or the cable path identification system.

[0116] The correction function is:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, A final refers to the corrected abnormal positioning value, A init refers to the initial abnormal positioning value, n refers to the total number of reference samples, D i refers to the comprehensive deviation degree value corresponding to the i-th reference sample, K is an average value of the comprehensive deviation degree values of all reference samples, K is a control amplitude coefficient, and K>0 is satisfied;

[0119] In the correction function:

[0120]

[0121] S i is a structural tortuosity index of the special arrangement shape cable section of the i-th reference sample, P i and Q i are respectively a structural tortuosity index of a front section and a rear section of the special arrangement shape cable section of the i-th reference sample, X1 and X2 are respectively a front weight factor and a rear weight factor, and X1+X2=1 is satisfied.

[0122] In the embodiment of the present application, the reason why the structural tortuosity comprehensive deviation degree value is used to correct the initial abnormal positioning value is that the structural tortuosity itself has comprehensively described the significant deformation characteristics of the special arrangement shape cable section on the magnetic field disturbance map from multiple angles such as edge continuity, local gradient direction discreteness, and jump frequency, and can reflect the actual influence of the structural morphology abnormality on the magnetic field disturbance response. By averaging the structural deviation degrees of multiple reference samples, the common trend is further extracted, so that the global optimization correction of the initial abnormal positioning value is realized, the judgment deviation caused by individual sample noise or local abnormality is avoided, and the advantages of high stability and strong generalization ability are possessed. This process not only improves the positioning accuracy of the abnormal section, but also effectively solves the core technical problem proposed in the present case, that is, under the background of the superposition of special laying structure and complex sediment conditions, how to improve the identification accuracy and positioning reliability of the abnormal cable section.

[0123] By extracting the average value of the structural tortuosity comprehensive deviation degree values of all reference samples, the normalization integration of the overall disturbance trend can be realized, so as to establish a unified correction benchmark. Compared with the correction by using a single reference sample, this way can maximize the balance of errors introduced by individual differences, and improve the adaptability and robustness of the model under different cable laying scenes.

[0124] In step S503, the corrected abnormal positioning value will be compared with a preset abnormal identification threshold. The threshold is usually set according to empirical data, historical cases or simulation results, and represents the maximum acceptable abnormal amplitude in the current magnetic field disturbance map. When the corrected abnormal positioning value exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the structure state of the target submarine cable section has deviated significantly from the normal form, and has a physical abnormal risk, thereby triggering the positioning judgment mechanism to mark the section as an "abnormal section that needs to be focused on" in the geographic coordinate system or the cable path identification system. The result not only provides accurate input for subsequent underwater operation, abnormal investigation or auxiliary diagnosis, but also provides a high-credibility spatial anchor point for the deployment of the early warning system.

[0125] The method proposed in the present case has good application prospects, and is especially suitable for submarine cable state monitoring and precise operation in complex seabed environments. In actual engineering, the cost of troubleshooting submarine cable fault points is high and the efficiency is low. The high-precision and self-adaptive correction mechanism provided by the present application can effectively improve the intelligent level of submarine cable abnormal detection, reduce the false positive rate and the false negative rate, promote the development of intelligent underwater observation systems, and has wide landing value in many scenes such as marine energy layout, underwater communication safety and deep sea exploration.

[0126] It should be noted that the correction function proposed in the present application is only a direct and easy-to-implement calculation method, and its core idea is to couple the structure deviation feature with the historical reference sample for coupled analysis, and to establish a more reliable abnormal positioning benchmark after correction. This idea can also be applied to other calculation frameworks based on atlas comparison, deformation estimation or image processing, such as constructing a weighted correction model after extracting high-dimensional features by a neural network, or constructing a more complex fitting function by using least squares method, Bayesian inference and other mathematical methods to further improve the model adaptability.

[0127] For example, suppose that a submarine cable laid in a certain actual sea area passes through multiple terrain sections with different depths, and a certain section is a special arrangement shape area with obvious structural bending. Through long-term magnetic field monitoring, the system detects that there are frequent and abrupt magnetic field disturbance signals in this area. The system first calculates the abnormal positioning value with the initial model, but it does not meet the judgment threshold. Then the system retrieves 10 historical samples consistent with the background information of the section, extracts the structure distortion degree and calculates the comprehensive deviation value, and constructs a correction factor based on this, finally increases the initial abnormal positioning value by 15%. The corrected result exceeds the judgment threshold, the system determines that the section is a potential fault risk area, and outputs its specific position in the path coordinate system, providing clear positioning reference and processing suggestions for engineering maintenance personnel. This process fully embodies the scientificity, practicality and engineering value of the correction mechanism.

[0128] Further, Figure 5An application architecture diagram of the system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0129] In another preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction comprises:

[0130] The special-shaped structure recognition module 100 is configured to recognize the special-shaped structure features of the target submarine cable section when it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a special arrangement shape and the surface sediment thereof is an organic-rich layer, and to obtain the historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area and the initial abnormal positioning value set for the target submarine cable section. The special-shaped structure features refer to the structural bending points, cross-lapping sections or local backfolding sections in the submarine cable section, which exhibit significant path direction changes, increased laying curvature or increased cable line body overlapping density relative to adjacent non-special-shaped sections in terms of geometric morphology.

[0131] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises:

[0132] The abnormal pattern determination module 200 is configured to determine whether the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern, i.e., the magnetic field disturbance pattern of the target submarine cable section has a tail-like high-frequency rupture, while the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section do not have the tail-like high-frequency rupture phenomenon.

[0133] Specifically, Figure 6 A structural block diagram of the abnormal pattern determination module 200 in the system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0134] In the preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the abnormal pattern determination module 200 specifically comprises:

[0135] The magnetic field data extraction unit 201 is configured to extract the magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section from the historical magnetic field monitoring data.

[0136] The disturbance pattern generation unit 202 is configured to analyze the magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section, generate the corresponding magnetic field disturbance pattern thereof, and extract the frequency distribution features and boundary continuity features of the disturbance signals based on the tail region in the magnetic field disturbance pattern.

[0137] The frequency feature determination unit 203 is configured to determine whether the energy distribution higher than the preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution features appears more than a preset number of local peaks in the tail region, and the amplitude of each peak exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band.

[0138] The boundary continuity determination unit 204 is configured to simultaneously determine whether the slope change rate of the tail region boundary in the boundary continuity features exceeds the preset threshold of the boundary slope change on a plurality of consecutive sampling points.

[0139] The abnormal pattern confirmation unit 205 is configured to determine that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern if both of the above conditions are met and the submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section do not simultaneously meet any of the above characteristic abnormal conditions.

[0140] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises:

[0141] The reference sample extraction module 300 is configured to extract, in a case where it is determined that there is a specific abnormal pattern, a plurality of reference samples from historical magnetic field monitoring data, the reference samples being consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also having a specific abnormal pattern.

[0142] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises:

[0143] The structure distortion degree analysis module 400 is configured to calculate a structure distortion degree index of a perturbation map tail region of a special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and its front and rear non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections, and determine a comprehensive deviation degree value between the structure distortion degree indexes.

[0144] Further, the underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction further comprises:

[0145] The abnormal positioning correction module 500 is configured to determine a correction factor based on the comprehensive deviation degree value of all reference samples, correct the initial abnormal positioning value to obtain a corrected abnormal positioning value, and position the underwater abnormal submarine cable section based on the corrected abnormal positioning value.

[0146] It should be understood that although each step in the flowchart of each embodiment of the present application is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrow. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in each embodiment can include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in rotation or alternation with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0147] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the methods can be included. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0148] Any combination of the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0149] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

[0150] The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction, characterized in that: The method comprises: When it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a special arrangement shape and its surface sediments are an organic-rich layer, the special structural characteristics of the target submarine cable section are identified, and historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area and the initial anomaly positioning value set for the target submarine cable section are obtained; Determine whether the target cable segment has a specific abnormal pattern, that is, if the magnetic field disturbance pattern of the target cable segment has a tail-shaped high-frequency rupture, while the cable segments before and after it do not have the tail-shaped high-frequency rupture phenomenon; If a specific abnormal pattern is determined to exist, several reference samples are extracted from the historical magnetic field monitoring data that are consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also have the specific abnormal pattern; Calculate the structural distortion index of the tail region of the disturbance spectrum of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it, and determine the comprehensive deviation value between their structural distortion indexes; Based on the comprehensive deviation degree values ​​of all reference samples, a correction factor is determined, and the initial abnormal positioning value is corrected to obtain a corrected abnormal positioning value, and the underwater abnormal submarine cable section is located based on the corrected abnormal positioning value.

2. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The special-shaped structural features refer to the structural bending points, cross-lap sections or local folding sections existing in the submarine cable section, and their geometric form is manifested as a significant change in path direction, an increase in laying curvature or an increase in the overlapping density of the cable body relative to the adjacent non-special-shaped sections.

3. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steps of determining whether a target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern, that is, whether a tail-shaped high-frequency rupture exists in the magnetic field disturbance spectrum of the target submarine cable section, while the preceding and following submarine cable sections with non-special arrangement shapes do not have the tail-shaped high-frequency rupture phenomenon, include: Extracting magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section from historical magnetic field monitoring data; Analyze the magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section to generate its corresponding magnetic field disturbance map, and extract the frequency distribution characteristics and boundary continuity characteristics of the disturbance signal based on the tail area in the magnetic field disturbance map; Determine whether the energy distribution above the preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution feature has more than a preset number of local peaks in the tailing region, and whether the amplitude of each peak exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band; At the same time, determining whether the slope change rate of the trailing region boundary in the boundary continuity feature exceeds a preset threshold value of the boundary slope change at a plurality of consecutive sampling points; If both of the above conditions are met, and the submarine cable sections with non-special arrangement shapes before and after the target submarine cable section do not meet any of the above characteristic abnormal conditions at the same time, it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern.

4. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The consistency of the background information refers to that the submarine cable area of ​​the reference sample has the same parameter characteristics as the target submarine cable section or is within the same preset range in terms of cable structure type, laying depth range, seabed topography type, sediment type and regional magnetic field background characteristics.

5. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of calculating the structural distortion index of the tail region of the disturbance spectrum of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it, and determining the comprehensive deviation value between the structural distortion indexes include: Analyze each reference sample and extract the edge contour change curve and pattern gradient distribution data of the disturbance pattern tail region of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it; Extracting an edge continuity index based on the edge contour change curve, and extracting a local gradient direction discreteness index and a jump frequency index based on the atlas gradient distribution data; According to the preset weighting rules, the edge continuity index, gradient direction dispersion index and jump frequency index are combined to generate the corresponding structural distortion index; The structural distortion deviation amplitude of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section compared with its previous section and the next section is calculated respectively, and different weight coefficients are applied to the previous and next deviation amplitudes to determine the comprehensive deviation degree value of the structural distortion of the reference sample.

6. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The steps of determining a correction factor based on the comprehensive deviation values ​​of all reference samples, correcting the initial abnormal positioning value, obtaining a corrected abnormal positioning value, and locating the underwater abnormal submarine cable section based on the corrected abnormal positioning value include: The average value of the comprehensive deviation degree of structural distortion based on all reference samples is used as a correction factor to correct the initial abnormal positioning value; Retrieve a preset correction function and apply the correction factor to the initial anomaly location value to generate a corrected anomaly location value; The corrected anomaly positioning value is compared with the preset anomaly identification threshold. If it exceeds the preset anomaly identification threshold, the target submarine cable section is determined to be an anomaly section, and the precise positioning result of the anomaly section in the geographic coordinate system or cable path identification system is output.

7. The underwater target intelligent positioning method based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The correction function is: Among them, A final Refers to the corrected abnormal positioning value, A init refers to the initial anomaly location value, n refers to the total number of reference samples, D i Refers to the comprehensive deviation value corresponding to the i-th reference sample, Refers to the average value of the comprehensive deviation degree of all reference samples, K refers to the control amplitude coefficient, and satisfies K>0; In the correction function: Among them, S i Refers to the structural distortion index of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section of the i-th reference sample, P i and Q i They refer to the structural distortion indexes of the previous section and the next section of the special arrangement shape submarine cable section of the i-th reference sample respectively, X1 and X2 refer to the front and back weight factors respectively, and satisfy X1+X2=1.

8. An underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction, characterized in that: The system comprises: The special-shaped structure recognition module is used to identify the special-shaped structural characteristics of the target submarine cable section when it is determined that the target submarine cable section has a special arrangement shape and its surface sediments are an organic-rich layer. It also obtains the historical magnetic field monitoring data of the target sea area and sets the initial abnormal positioning value for the target submarine cable section. The abnormal pattern determination module is used to determine whether a specific abnormal pattern exists in the target submarine cable section, that is, whether the magnetic field disturbance spectrum of the target submarine cable section has a tail-shaped high-frequency rupture, while the submarine cable sections before and after it that are not specially arranged do not have the tail-shaped high-frequency rupture phenomenon; A reference sample extraction module is used to extract, from the historical magnetic field monitoring data, a number of reference samples that are consistent with the background information of the target submarine cable section and also have the specific abnormal pattern when it is determined that a specific abnormal pattern exists; The structural distortion analysis module is used to calculate the structural distortion index of the disturbance spectrum tail area of ​​the special arrangement shape submarine cable section corresponding to each reference sample and the non-special arrangement shape submarine cable sections before and after it, and determine the comprehensive deviation value between their structural distortion indexes; The abnormal positioning correction module is used to determine the correction factor based on the comprehensive deviation value of all reference samples, and correct the initial abnormal positioning value to obtain the corrected abnormal positioning value, and locate the underwater abnormal submarine cable section based on the corrected abnormal positioning value.

9. The underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The special-shaped structural features refer to the structural bending points, cross-lap sections or local folding sections existing in the submarine cable section, and their geometric form is manifested as a significant change in path direction, an increase in laying curvature or an increase in the overlapping density of the cable body relative to the adjacent non-special-shaped sections.

10. The underwater target intelligent positioning system based on magnetic field data feature extraction according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The abnormal mode determination module specifically includes: A magnetic field data extraction unit, used to extract magnetic field scanning data related to the target submarine cable section from historical magnetic field monitoring data; A disturbance map generation unit is used to analyze the magnetic field scanning data of the target submarine cable section, generate its corresponding magnetic field disturbance map, and extract the frequency distribution characteristics and boundary continuity characteristics of the disturbance signal based on the tail area in the magnetic field disturbance map; a frequency characteristic determination unit, configured to determine whether the energy distribution above a preset frequency threshold in the frequency distribution characteristic has more than a preset number of local peaks in the tailing region, and whether the amplitude of each peak exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the corresponding frequency band; a boundary continuity judgment unit, configured to simultaneously judge whether a slope change rate of a trailing region boundary in the boundary continuity feature exceeds a preset threshold value of the boundary slope change at a plurality of consecutive sampling points; The abnormal pattern confirmation unit is used to determine that the target submarine cable section has a specific abnormal pattern if both of the above conditions are met and the submarine cable sections before and after the target submarine cable section that are not specially arranged do not meet any of the above characteristic abnormal conditions at the same time.

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