Method for calculating pre-tightening amount of shafting structure and wind power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a shafting structure pre-tightening amount calculation method and a wind power generation device. The calculation method for the pretightening amount of the shafting structure comprises the steps that 1, based on the design condition of the shafting structure, the initial size of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the pretightening amount of the shafting structure are determined; 2, the shaft system structure is installed in a transmission chain system, and control parameters of the transmission chain system are calculated; and 3, under the conditions that the control parameters meet a preset threshold value and the service life of the bearing is larger than the preset service life requirement, the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount is increased to a target range A2. According to the technical scheme, the rigidity of the shafting structure can be improved, and the running stability and reliability of a transmission chain system are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shafting structure, in particular to a calculation method of shafting structure pre-tightening amount and a wind power generation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shafting structure is a mechanical structure system composed of shaft, bearing, shaft coupling, key and other components, which is widely used in various rotating mechanical equipment. Its function is to support rotating parts, transmit motion and power, and ensure the relative position accuracy and motion accuracy between parts.

[0003] In a large megawatt wind turbine, the TRB shafting structure is a key part of the transmission chain system. The bearing pre-tightening amount of the TRB bearing structure has a significant impact on the bearing life, shafting stiffness and transmission chain system deformation. The pre-tightening amount is mainly set based on the bearing life curve, which can prolong the bearing life, but does not effectively solve the deformation problem caused by insufficient system stiffness. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a calculation method of shafting structure pre-tightening amount and a wind power generation device, which can improve the stiffness of the shafting structure and improve the stability and reliability of the transmission chain system operation.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a calculation method of shafting structure pre-tightening amount, comprising:

[0006] Step 1, based on the design conditions of the shafting structure, determining the preliminary size of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure;

[0007] Step 2, installing the shafting structure into the transmission chain system and calculating the control parameters of the transmission chain system;

[0008] Step 3, under the condition that the control parameters meet the preset threshold and the bearing life is greater than the preset life requirement, increasing the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount to the target range A2.

[0009] Beneficial effect: this calculation method of shafting structure pre-tightening amount first determines the preliminary size of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount, and then adjusts it according to the control parameters and bearing life requirements after actually installing it into the transmission chain system, increasing the pre-tightening amount from the initial range A1 to the target range A2. Various factors in the actual work of the shafting structure are considered. Compared with the traditional single method based on the life curve, the design accuracy is improved, and the use requirements of the shafting structure under different working conditions can be better met.

[0010] In addition, by comprehensively considering the shafting structure design conditions, bearing life curve, transmission chain system control parameters and other factors. In determining the pre-tightening amount, both the bearing life requirements are met, and the shafting structure stiffness is adjusted to a reasonable level by adjusting the pre-tightening amount range, reducing the problems of poor bearing sealing, abnormal gear meshing, component displacement and misalignment caused by system deformation, improving the stability and reliability of the transmission chain system operation, and ensuring the relative position accuracy and motion accuracy between components, thereby improving the performance of the entire shafting structure.

[0011] The traditional way to increase the stiffness of the system is to increase the thickness and size of the surrounding structure, which is not conducive to the lightweight of the equipment. This method adjusts the pre-tightening amount range reasonably, meets the system stiffness requirements, and avoids simply relying on increasing the size of the structure to improve the stiffness. Without increasing the thickness and weight of the shaft, the box and other components, the shafting structure stiffness is improved, the overall weight of the equipment is reduced, the material cost is reduced, and the equipment is more convenient in transportation, installation and maintenance.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the target range A2 is

[0013] Beneficial effect: The target range A2 of the shafting structure pre-tightening amount is set to the ratio of the pre-tightening amount to the inner diameter of the bearing The shafting structure stiffness can be significantly improved. In large megawatt wind turbines and other equipment that bear complex loads, a larger pre-tightening amount can make the internal components of the bearing combine more tightly and reduce the deformation of the shaft under bending moment and torque.

[0014] For the planetary system of the wind turbine, the pre-tightening amount is within the range A2, which can ensure that the gear teeth are more evenly contacted during operation, reduce gear tooth wear and fatigue, improve the stability and precision of the gear transmission, and thus reduce the vibration and noise of the gearbox, prolong the service life of the gearbox.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the control parameters include the displacement amount of the elastic support of the gearbox, the meshing displacement amount of the planetary system of the gearbox, and the displacement amount of the high-speed coupling / generator of the gearbox.

[0016] Beneficial effect: The displacement amount of the elastic support of the gearbox can enable the designer to estimate the deformation of the elastic support under load, ensure that it is within the allowable range, prevent problems such as structural looseness and connection failure caused by excessive displacement of the elastic support, enhance the structural reliability of the entire system, and ensure the stability of the equipment during long-term operation.

[0017] The meshing displacement of the planetary system of the gearbox helps to ensure the correct meshing state between the planetary gears. By controlling the meshing displacement of the planetary system of the gearbox, problems such as poor meshing and tooth surface collision of the gears during operation can be avoided, vibration and noise can be reduced, the transmission stability of the planetary system can be improved, and thus the stability of the entire gear transmission system can be improved.

[0018] The consideration of the high-speed coupling / generator displacement of the gearbox can ensure that the connection between the high-speed coupling and the generator remains stable under various working conditions. Deviation in the cooperation between the coupling and the generator due to excessive displacement can be prevented, transmission interruption and component damage can be avoided, and the stability of power transmission can be maintained.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the control parameter further includes a sealing gap between a sealing ring of the bearing and a cooperation surface of the main shaft of the shafting structure.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The sealing gap between the sealing ring of the bearing and the cooperation surface of the main shaft of the shafting structure is considered in the control parameter. The sealing gap directly affects the sealing effect between the sealing ring and the main shaft. Reasonable control of the sealing gap can ensure that the sealing ring and the main shaft are tightly fitted, prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the cooperation surface, avoid problems such as insufficient lubrication and equipment damage caused by oil leakage, and also prevent foreign matter such as dust and water from entering the bearing, thereby ensuring the normal working environment of the bearing.

[0021] A suitable sealing gap can avoid sealing failure caused by excessive friction or excessive gap between the sealing ring and the main shaft. Excessive friction can cause the sealing ring to wear out, heat up, or even be damaged, and excessive gap can allow foreign matter to enter, which can increase the risk of shafting failure. Considering the sealing gap as a control parameter can help to find and adjust the sealing gap in time, thereby reducing the possibility of failure.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the step 1 specifically includes:

[0023] Based on the design conditions of the shafting structure, the preliminary size of the bearing is determined, and based on the preliminary size of the bearing, the matching size of the associated components of the shafting structure is determined.

[0024] The associated components include the main shaft, the bearing seat, the gear ring / planetary gear system, and the gearbox body.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Based on the initial size of the bearing, the matching size of the associated components is determined, which can ensure precise fit between the main shaft and the bearing inner hole, the bearing seat and the bearing outer ring, the gear ring / planetary wheel system and the bearing, and the gearbox body and the bearing seat. For example, if the bearing inner diameter is determined, the outer diameter of the main shaft can be designed according to its accuracy, so that the fit clearance or interference between the two meets the design requirements, ensuring effective force transmission during transmission and the accuracy of the relative position between components.

[0026] By reasonably determining the size of the bearing and the associated components, the shafting structure can maintain good stability during operation. For example, by optimizing the position and size of the gear ring / planetary wheel system according to the bearing size, the stability of gear meshing can be ensured, vibration and noise can be reduced, transmission efficiency can be improved, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged.

[0027] At the same time, based on the bearing size to determine the matching size of the associated components, it is helpful to reasonably distribute the system load and avoid stress concentration. For example, when designing the bearing seat and the gearbox body, according to the bearing capacity and size distribution load of the bearing, the stress of each component can be uniform, the risk of local stress being too high can be reduced, and the reliability and safety of the system can be improved.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, step 2 comprises:

[0029] The limit stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing are calculated by the model.

[0030] Beneficial effects: By calculating the limit stress index of the bearing through the model, the maximum stress that the bearing can withstand without plastic deformation, fracture and other failure forms can be determined. The rated load of the bearing can be accurately determined, which provides a key basis for load design of the shafting structure, ensures that the stress borne by the bearing is always within the safe range under normal working conditions, avoids sudden failure caused by overloading, and ensures the safe operation of the equipment.

[0031] The calculation of fatigue stress index and life index helps to predict the fatigue life of the bearing under cyclic load. By simulating the load cycle in actual work, the time when the bearing may appear fatigue cracks and failure is obtained, and accordingly a reasonable maintenance plan and overhaul period can be made.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, step 2 comprises:

[0033] The limit strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components are calculated by the model.

[0034] Beneficial effects: By calculating the limit strength index of the associated components through the model, the maximum load that the associated components can withstand without failure can be determined. Accordingly, the safe load boundary for the operation of the shafting structure can be set to ensure that the stress on the associated components is within the safety limit under normal and extreme operating conditions, preventing sudden breakage and other serious safety accidents caused by overloading, and ensuring the safe operation of the entire equipment and system.

[0035] By calculating the limit strength of each associated component, the relatively weak part in the shafting structure can be found. Designers can strengthen the design or take protective measures for the weak link, such as increasing the material thickness of the key parts, optimizing the connection method, etc., to improve the safety and reliability of the overall structure.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, if the limit stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing meet the preset safety factor, and the limit strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated component meet the preset safety factor, it is determined that the preliminary size design of the shafting structure is qualified, and the shafting structure with a preliminary size is loaded into the transmission chain system.

[0037] Otherwise, step 1 is re-executed to iteratively correct the preliminary size of the shafting structure until the preliminary size of the shafting structure is qualified.

[0038] Beneficial effects: When all the indexes of the shafting structure meet the preset safety factor, it means that the shafting structure can operate more stably after being loaded into the transmission chain system, reducing the number of failures and shutdowns caused by unreasonable structure design, and improving the reliability and availability of the entire transmission chain system. In the design process, if the judgment and iterative correction based on the indexes and safety factors are not performed, overdesign may occur to ensure safety, resulting in oversized shafting structure, material waste and cost increase. The iterative correction process can quickly find problems in the preliminary size design and make timely adjustments.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the initial range A1 is determined based on the life curve of the bearing of the shafting structure.

[0040] Beneficial effects: By drawing the life curve of the bearing, the pre-tightening range around the highest point of the bearing life curve can be selected as the initial range A1, and then the initial range A1 is determined to ensure a longer service life of the bearing.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the initial range A1 is

[0042] Beneficial effects: The initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure is set to The internal clearance of the bearing can be eliminated to some extent, and the contact between the rolling elements and the raceway is more compact. During the operation of the equipment, each rolling element can evenly share the load, avoiding premature wear caused by excessive local stress, and helping to prolong the service life of the bearing. At the same time, appropriate pre-tightening can improve the stiffness of the bearing, reduce the vibration and noise of the shaft system, and ensure the stability and precision of the equipment operation. For example, in the shaft system of a wind turbine, the pre-tightening amount setting can effectively reduce the influence of the vibration caused by the rotation of the wind wheel on the entire system, and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0043] At the same time, the initial range A1 is set to This provides a reasonable starting point for subsequent optimization and adjustment of the pre-tightening amount according to the actual working conditions. After the shaft system structure is installed in the transmission chain system, the control parameters of the transmission chain system are further calculated, and the pre-tightening amount is adjusted in combination with the bearing life requirement. Starting from this initial range for adjustment, it will not cause the subsequent adjustment range to be too large due to the initial pre-tightening amount being too small, increasing the complexity of design and calculation; nor will it cause the bearing to be in an over-tightened state from the beginning, affecting its performance and life.

[0044] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a wind power generation device, comprising:

[0045] TRB shaft system structure;

[0046] The shaft system structure pre-tightening amount calculation method is used to manufacture the TRB shaft system structure.

[0047] Beneficial effects: The wind power generation device is manufactured by the shaft system structure pre-tightening amount calculation method, and the TRB shaft system structure is manufactured, so that the stiffness of the TRB shaft system structure reaches a reasonable level, reducing problems such as poor bearing sealing, abnormal gear meshing, and component displacement and misalignment caused by system deformation, improving the stability and reliability of the transmission chain system operation, and ensuring the relative position accuracy and motion accuracy between components, thereby improving the performance of the entire shaft system structure.

[0048] While meeting the system stiffness requirement, it avoids simply relying on increasing the size of the structural components to improve the stiffness. Without increasing the thickness and weight of components such as shafts and housings, the stiffness of the TRB shaft system structure is improved, reducing the overall weight of the equipment, reducing material costs, and making the equipment more convenient in transportation, installation, and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0050] Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a TRB shafting structure in a wind power generation device in an embodiment provided by the present application;

[0051] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of pre-tightening interval selection in a wind power generation device in an embodiment provided by the present application.

[0052] Legend of reference signs:

[0053] 100, TRB shafting structure; 110, bearing; 120, main shaft; 130, bearing seat; 140, gear ring / planetary wheel system; 150, rotating frame; 160, gear box body; 170, gear box output shaft; 180, high-speed coupling; 190, generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In the related art, in a large-megawatt wind turbine, the TRB shafting structure is a key part of the transmission chain system. The bearing pre-tightening amount of the TRB bearing structure has a significant impact on the bearing life, shafting stiffness and deformation of the transmission chain system. The pre-tightening amount is mainly set based on the bearing life curve, which can prolong the bearing life, but does not effectively solve the deformation problem caused by insufficient system stiffness.

[0055] In order to improve the system stiffness, the inventors usually increase the size or thickness of the shaft, the box and other structural members to improve the stiffness, but this leads to an increase in system weight, which is contrary to the lightweight demand of wind power equipment, and aggravates the manufacturing cost and dynamic response burden.

[0056] Based on this, the inventors of the present application design a calculation method for the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure, first determine the preliminary size of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the bearing pre-tightening amount, and then adjust it in combination with the control parameters after actually loading into the transmission chain system and the bearing life requirement, increase the pre-tightening amount from the initial range A1 to the target range A2, consider various factors of the shafting structure in actual work, compared with the traditional single method according to the life curve, improve the accuracy of the design, and better meet the use requirements of the shafting structure under different working conditions.

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.

[0058] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application are described below in combination with Figs. 1-2 the drawings.

[0059] According to the embodiments of the present application, in one aspect, as shown in Figs. 1-2 , a method for calculating the pre-tightening amount of a shafting structure is provided, comprising:

[0060] Step 1: based on the design conditions of the shafting structure, determine the preliminary size of the shafting structure, and determine the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure.

[0061] Step 2: install the shafting structure into the transmission chain system, and calculate the control parameters of the transmission chain system.

[0062] Step 3: under the condition that the control parameters meet the preset threshold and the bearing 110 life is greater than the preset life requirement, increase the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount to the target range A2.

[0063] This method for calculating the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure first determines the preliminary size of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount of the bearing 110, and then adjusts the pre-tightening amount from the initial range A1 to the target range A2 in combination with the control parameters after the actual installation into the transmission chain system and the bearing 110 life requirement, which considers various factors of the shafting structure in actual work, improves the design accuracy compared to the traditional single method based on the life curve, and better meets the use requirements of the shafting structure under different working conditions.

[0064] In addition, by comprehensively considering the shafting structure design conditions, the bearing 110 life curve, the transmission chain system control parameters and other factors. When determining the pre-tightening amount, not only does it ensure that the bearing 110 meets the life requirement, but also adjusts the pre-tightening amount range to make the shafting structure stiffness reach a reasonable level, reducing problems such as poor sealing of the bearing 110, abnormal gear meshing, and displacement misalignment of components caused by system deformation, improving the stability and reliability of the transmission chain system operation, and ensuring the relative position accuracy and motion accuracy between components, thereby improving the performance of the entire shafting structure.

[0065] The traditional way to enhance system stiffness is to increase the thickness and size of surrounding structural components, which is not conducive to equipment lightweight. This method adjusts the pre-tightening amount range reasonably, meets the system stiffness requirement, and avoids simply relying on increasing the size of structural components to improve stiffness. Without increasing the thickness and weight of components such as shafts and housings, the shafting structure stiffness is improved, the overall weight of the equipment is reduced, the material cost is also reduced, and the equipment is more convenient in transportation, installation and maintenance.

[0066] Specifically, in the shafting structure, the bearing 110 pre-tightening amount refers to the initial contact deformation amount between the rolling elements inside the bearing 110 and the inner and outer rings when the bearing 110 is installed by applying a certain axial force, which is used to eliminate or reduce the axial clearance of the bearing 110.

[0067] Specifically, increasing the pre-tightening amount from the initial range A1 to the target range A2 can be understood as first determining the initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount according to the bearing 110 life curve, considering the difference in fatigue life of the bearing 110 under different pre-tightening states, to ensure that the bearing 110 works stably within a certain period of time. Then, the shafting structure is installed in the transmission chain system, and the control parameters of the transmission chain system and the life requirements of the bearing 110 are comprehensively calculated to further adjust the pre-tightening amount to the target range A2, so as to realize the best stiffness and stability state of the shafting structure while meeting the life requirements.

[0068] Specifically, the preset threshold is a limit value of the system deformation or performance parameter preset in advance, which is used to determine whether the deformation of the shafting structure under dynamic load is within a safe and controllable range.

[0069] Specifically, the preset life is the minimum service life requirement that the bearing 110 needs to reach under a specific working condition, which is usually set based on the bearing 110 life curve. It is ensured that the bearing 110 can still operate stably for a long time after the pre-tightening amount is adjusted, avoiding the accumulation of friction heat caused by over-tightening or fatigue peeling caused by under-tightening.

[0070] It should be noted that the control parameters can include transmission chain vibration amplitude reduction, and control system friction and temperature, balancing among multiple targets such as stiffness, vibration, and thermal effect.

[0071] It should be noted that installing the shafting structure into the transmission chain system can be simulated by a computer model, or the physical shafting structure can be installed on the transmission chain system.

[0072] In one embodiment, the target range A2 is the ratio of the pre-tightening amount to the inner diameter of the bearing 110

[0073] The target range A2 of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure is set to the ratio of the pre-tightening amount to the inner diameter of the bearing 110 The stiffness of the shafting structure can be significantly improved. In large megawatt wind turbines 190 and other devices that bear complex loads, a larger pre-tightening amount can make the internal components of the bearing 110 combine more tightly, reducing the deformation of the shaft under bending moment and torque.

[0074] For the planetary system of the wind turbine 190, the pre-tightening amount in the A2 range can ensure more uniform tooth surface contact during operation, reduce tooth surface wear and fatigue, improve the stability and precision of the gear transmission, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the gear box and prolonging the service life of the gear box.

[0075] It should be noted that although a larger pre-tightening amount increases the internal load of the bearing 110, the A2 range is determined on the premise of meeting the stress and minimum life requirements of the bearing 110. Through accurate calculation and experimental verification, within this range, the performance of the shafting is enhanced without excessively sacrificing the life of the bearing 110, achieving a good balance between the life of the bearing 110 and the overall performance of the system, and improving the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0076] In one embodiment, the control parameters include the gear box elastic support displacement amount, the planetary system meshing displacement amount of the gear box, and the high-speed coupling 180 / generator 190 displacement amount of the gear box.

[0077] The gear box elastic support displacement amount allows the designer to estimate the deformation of the elastic support under load, ensuring that it is within the allowable range, preventing problems such as structural looseness and connection failure due to excessive displacement of the elastic support, enhancing the structural reliability of the entire system, and ensuring the stability of the equipment during long-term operation.

[0078] The planetary system meshing displacement amount of the gear box helps to ensure the correct meshing state between the planetary gears. By controlling the planetary system meshing displacement amount of the gear box, problems such as poor meshing and tooth surface collision during operation of the gears can be avoided, reducing vibration and noise and improving the transmission stability of the planetary system, thereby improving the stability of the entire gear transmission system.

[0079] The consideration of the high-speed coupling 180 / generator 190 displacement amount of the gear box ensures that the connection between the high-speed coupling 180 and the generator 190 remains stable under various operating conditions. This prevents deviations in the fit between the coupling and the generator 190 due to excessive displacement, avoids transmission interruptions and component damage, and maintains the stability of power transmission.

[0080] In one embodiment, the control parameters also include the sealing gap between the sealing ring of the bearing 110 and the mating surface of the main shaft 120 of the shafting structure.

[0081] The sealing gap between the sealing ring of the bearing 110 and the matching surface of the main shaft 120 of the shafting structure is considered as a control parameter, which directly affects the sealing effect between the sealing ring and the main shaft 120. Reasonable control of the sealing gap can ensure that the sealing ring closely fits the main shaft 120, prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the matching surface, avoid problems such as insufficient lubrication and equipment damage caused by oil leakage, and also prevent foreign matter such as dust and moisture from entering the bearing 110, ensuring the normal working environment of the bearing 110.

[0082] A suitable sealing gap can avoid sealing failure caused by excessive friction or too large gap between the sealing ring and the main shaft 120. Excessive friction can cause the sealing ring to wear out, heat up, or even be damaged, while too large gap can allow foreign matter to enter, increasing the risk of shafting failure. Considering the sealing gap as a control parameter can timely find and adjust the sealing gap, reducing the possibility of failure.

[0083] Specifically, the reasonableness of the sealing gap will affect the stability of the shafting structure as a whole. If the sealing gap is uneven or unreasonable, it may cause uneven stress on the sealing ring, affecting the installation precision of the bearing 110 and the concentricity of the shafting, and increasing the vibration and noise of the shafting.

[0084] In one embodiment, step 1 specifically includes: based on the design conditions of the shafting structure, first determining the preliminary size of the bearing 110, and then based on the preliminary size of the bearing 110, determining the matching size of the associated components of the shafting structure. The associated components include the main shaft 120, the bearing seat 130, the ring / planetary gear system 140, and the gear box body 160.

[0085] Determining the matching size of the associated components based on the preliminary size of the bearing 110 can ensure precise fitting between the main shaft 120 and the inner hole of the bearing 110, the bearing seat 130 and the outer ring of the bearing 110, the ring / planetary gear system 140 and the bearing 110, and the gear box body 160 and the bearing seat 130. For example, if the inner diameter of the bearing 110 is determined, the outer diameter of the main shaft 120 can be designed accurately to ensure that the fitting gap or interference between the two meets the design requirements, ensuring effective force transmission during transmission and the relative position accuracy between components.

[0086] By reasonably determining the size of the bearing 110 and the associated components, the shafting structure can maintain good stability during operation. For example, optimizing the position and size of the ring / planetary gear system 140 based on the size of the bearing 110 can ensure the smoothness of gear engagement, reduce vibration and noise, improve transmission efficiency, and prolong the service life of the equipment.

[0087] Furthermore, determining the matching dimensions of associated components based on the dimensions of bearing 110 helps to distribute system loads appropriately and avoid stress concentration. For example, when designing bearing seat 130 and gearbox housing 160, distributing the load based on the load-bearing capacity and dimensions of bearing 110 ensures uniform stress distribution across all components, reduces the risk of localized excessive stress, and improves system reliability and safety.

[0088] In one embodiment, step 2 includes: calculating the ultimate stress index, fatigue stress index, and life index of the bearing 110 through a model.

[0089] Calculating the ultimate stress index of bearing 110 using the model clearly defines the maximum stress that bearing 110 can withstand without experiencing plastic deformation, fracture, or other failure modes. This allows accurate determination of the rated load of bearing 110, providing a key basis for load design of the shafting structure. This ensures that under normal operating conditions, the stress borne by bearing 110 remains within a safe range, preventing sudden failure due to overload and ensuring safe operation of the equipment.

[0090] Calculating fatigue stress and life indicators helps predict the fatigue life of bearing 110 under cyclic loading. By simulating actual load cycles, the time when fatigue cracks and failure of bearing 110 are likely to occur can be determined, allowing for the development of a reasonable maintenance plan and overhaul cycle.

[0091] Specifically, the ultimate stress index, fatigue stress index, and life index of the bearing 110 may be calculated using a finite element model.

[0092] In one embodiment, step 2 includes: calculating the ultimate strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components through the model.

[0093] By calculating the ultimate strength index of associated components using the model, we can clearly determine the maximum load they can withstand without causing damage. This allows us to set safe load limits for the shafting structure, ensuring that stresses on associated components remain within safe limits under both normal and extreme operating conditions. This prevents serious safety incidents such as sudden fractures caused by overload, ensuring the safe operation of the entire equipment and system.

[0094] Calculating the ultimate strength of each associated component can identify relatively weak areas in the shafting structure. Designers can then strengthen the design or implement protective measures, such as increasing the material thickness of key areas and optimizing connection methods, to improve the safety and reliability of the overall structure.

[0095] The fatigue strength index calculation helps to predict the fatigue life of the associated components under cyclic loading. By simulating the load cycle in actual work, the approximate time when the associated components may appear fatigue cracks and failure can be known, which provides a scientific basis for formulating a reasonable maintenance plan and overhaul period, and avoids equipment failure and production interruption caused by fatigue failure.

[0096] In one embodiment, if the limit stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing 110 meet the preset safety factor, and the limit strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components meet the preset safety factor, it is determined that the preliminary size design of the shafting structure is qualified, and the shafting structure with the preliminary size qualified is loaded into the transmission chain system; otherwise, step 1 is re-executed to iteratively correct the preliminary size of the shafting structure until the preliminary size of the shafting structure is qualified.

[0097] The preset safety factor sets a clear safety limit for each index of the shafting structure. By ensuring that the limit stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing 110, and the limit strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components all meet the preset safety factor, it can be ensured that the shafting structure has sufficient strength and stability to withstand various loads under expected working conditions, avoiding structural damage caused by excessive stress or fatigue failure, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the entire transmission chain system.

[0098] When each index of the shafting structure meets the preset safety factor, it means that the shafting structure can operate more stably after being loaded into the transmission chain system, reducing the number of failures and shutdowns caused by unreasonable structural design, and improving the reliability and availability of the entire transmission chain system. In the design process, if the judgment and iterative correction based on the index and safety factor are not performed, overdesign may be performed to ensure safety, resulting in oversized shafting structure, material waste and cost increase. The iterative correction process can quickly find problems in the preliminary size design and make timely adjustments.

[0099] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the initial range A1 is determined based on the life curve of the bearing 110 of the shafting structure. Fig. 2

[0100] The initial range A1 can be determined by drawing the life curve diagram of the bearing 110, selecting the pre-tightening range around the highest point of the life curve of the bearing 110 as the initial range A1, and ensuring that the bearing 110 has a long service life.

[0101] In one embodiment, the initial range A1 is

[0102] ​The initial range A1 of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure is set as the ratio of the pre-tightening amount to the inner diameter of the bearing 110 The internal clearance of the bearing 110 can be eliminated to some extent, and the contact between the rolling elements and the raceway is more closely. During the operation of the equipment, each rolling element can evenly share the load, avoiding premature wear caused by excessive local stress, and is beneficial to prolong the service life of the bearing 110. At the same time, the moderate pre-tightening can improve the stiffness of the bearing 110, reduce the vibration and noise of the shafting, and ensure the stability and accuracy of the equipment operation. For example, in the shafting of the wind turbine 190, the pre-tightening amount setting can effectively reduce the influence of the vibration caused by the rotation of the wind wheel on the entire system, and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0103] At the same time, the initial range A1 is set to be less than 0.2 A reasonable starting point is provided for subsequent optimization and adjustment of the pre-tightening amount according to the actual working condition. After the shafting structure is installed in the transmission chain system, the control parameters of the transmission chain system are further calculated, and the pre-tightening amount is adjusted in combination with the service life requirement of the bearing 110. Starting from this initial range for adjustment, the initial pre-tightening amount will not be too small to cause the subsequent adjustment range to be too large and increase the complexity of design and calculation, and the initial pre-tightening amount will not be too large to make the bearing 110 in an over-tightened state from the beginning, affecting its performance and service life.

[0104] Specifically, if A1 is less than 0.1 It means that the pre-tightening amount is too small, and the internal clearance of the bearing 110 cannot be effectively controlled. During the operation of the equipment, the rolling elements and the raceway cannot be in close contact, and relative sliding and impact phenomena will occur, which will accelerate the wear of the bearing 110, cause fatigue peeling, pits and other damages on the raceway surface, and thus greatly shorten the service life of the bearing 110. In the wind turbine 190, the rotation of the wind wheel will bring large vibration and impact to the shafting, and the bearing 110 with a too small pre-tightening amount is difficult to withstand these loads, and its service life will be much lower than the design expectation, increasing the maintenance cost and downtime for frequent replacement of the bearing 110.

[0105] According to the embodiment of the application, on the other hand, as shown in Fig. 1 A wind power generation device is also provided, which comprises the TRB shafting structure 100, wherein the TRB shafting structure 100 is made by using the calculation method of the pre-tightening amount of the shafting structure.

[0106] The wind power generation device is made of the TRB shafting structure 100 through a calculation method of shafting structure pre-tightening amount, so that the stiffness of the TRB shafting structure 100 reaches a reasonable level, problems such as poor sealing of the bearing 110, abnormal gear meshing, and displacement misplacement of components caused by system deformation are reduced, the stability and reliability of the transmission chain system operation are improved, the relative position accuracy and movement accuracy between components are ensured, and thus the performance of the entire shafting structure is improved.

[0107] While meeting the system stiffness requirement, the stiffness is improved without simply relying on increasing the size of structural components.

[0108] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1 The TRB shafting structure 100 includes a bearing 110, a main shaft 120, a bearing seat 130, a gear ring / planetary wheel system 140, a rotating frame 150, a gear box body 160, a gear box output shaft 170, a high-speed coupling 180, and a generator 190.

[0109] In order to better illustrate the effect of the TRB shafting structure 100, the following experimental tests are taken as examples:

[0110] Example 1

[0111] Table 1

[0112]

[0113] As can be seen from the above table 1, the deformation amount of the front end of the main shaft of A2 is reduced by 4% compared with that of A1; the deformation amount of the tail end of the main shaft of A2 is reduced by 19% compared with that of A1; the displacement amount of the bearing seat and the gear box of A2 is reduced by 40% compared with that of A1; the gear load bias coefficient of A2 is reduced by 6% compared with that of A1 (it should be noted that the larger the gear load bias coefficient, the more serious the gear load bias); the gear safety factor of A2 is increased by 3% compared with that of A1; and the coupling / generator displacement amount of A2 is reduced by 3% compared with that of A1.

[0114] Wherein, the terms such as "up", "down", etc. are used to describe the relative position relationship of each structure in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of clear description, and does not limit the scope of the application, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship is also regarded as the scope of the application without substantial change of the technical content.

[0115] It should be noted that in the present application, unless specifically defined and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0116] In addition, in the present application, unless specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0117] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In the present application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the preload of a shafting structure, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Based on the design conditions of the shafting structure, determine the preliminary dimensions of the shafting structure and the initial range A1 of the preload of the shafting structure; Step 2: Install the shafting structure into a transmission chain system and calculate control parameters of the transmission chain system; Step 3: Under the condition that the control parameter meets the preset threshold and the life of the bearing (110) is greater than the preset life requirement, the initial range A1 of the preload amount is increased to the target range A2.

2. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target range A2 is the ratio of the preload amount to the inner diameter of the bearing (110).

3. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control parameters include the gearbox elastic support displacement, the gearbox planetary system meshing displacement and the gearbox high-speed coupling (180) / generator (190) displacement.

4. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control parameters also include a sealing gap between a sealing ring of the bearing (110) and a matching surface of a main shaft (120) of the shafting structure.

5. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step 1 specifically includes: Determining preliminary dimensions of the bearing (110) based on design conditions of the shafting structure, and determining matching dimensions of associated components of the shafting structure based on the preliminary dimensions of the bearing (110); The associated components include a main shaft (120), a bearing seat (130), a ring gear / planetary gear system (140) and a gear box housing (160).

6. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: The ultimate stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing (110) are calculated through the model.

7. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: The ultimate strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components are calculated through the model.

8. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the ultimate stress index, fatigue stress index and life index of the bearing (110) meet the preset safety factor, and the ultimate strength index, fatigue strength index and fracture risk index of the associated components meet the preset safety factor, it is determined that the preliminary size design of the shafting structure is qualified, and the shafting structure with the qualified preliminary size is installed in the transmission chain system; Otherwise, step 1 is executed again to iteratively correct the preliminary size of the shafting structure until the preliminary size of the shafting structure is qualified.

9. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The initial range A1 is determined based on a life curve of a bearing (110) of the shafting structure.

10. The method for calculating the preload of the shafting structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The initial range A1 is the ratio of the preload amount to the inner diameter of the bearing (110).

11. A wind power generation device, characterized in that: include: TRB shafting structure (100); The method for calculating the preload amount of the shafting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the TRB shafting structure (100) is manufactured using the method for calculating the preload amount of the shafting structure.

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