A method of simulating soil erosion and sediment transport on a full slope by integrating soil properties and land use

Abstract

The application discloses a full-slope erosion and sediment transport simulation method combining soil properties and land use, collects corresponding erosion and sediment transport basic data of full slopes of beam and valley slopes in a basin, including soil data, terrain data, land use data, vegetation data and water and sediment data; based on the erosion and sediment transport basic data, terrain conditions and land use type boundary conditions, the erosion environment type of the full slope is automatically distinguished, and the initial to-be-optimized parameters affecting the erosion are obtained based on the erosion environment type; the initial to-be-optimized parameters are updated based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained; the slope combination and slope length in the terrain conditions and the land use type and vegetation coverage combination in the land use type boundary conditions are changed, a plurality of different scenes are obtained, the full-slope sediment production and transport evolution process is simulated based on the different scenes and the optimal parameters, and the slope sediment transport rate under different conditions is obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope soil erosion prediction, and relates to a full-slope erosion sediment transport simulation method which comprehensively considers soil properties and land use. BACKGROUND

[0002] Slopes are important sources of river sediment, and serious slope erosion leads to land degradation and a series of environmental, social and economic problems. With the implementation of major ecological restoration projects in recent years, the relationship between water and sediment has changed significantly, posing greater challenges for water and sediment process simulation and prediction, especially at the sub-rainfall scale. It is an important requirement for the simulation and prediction of watershed sediment production and transport processes and the benefit assessment of soil and water conservation measures in a changing environment to establish a soil erosion model with a widely adaptable physical mechanism for full-slope erosion sediment production, which comprehensively considers factors such as soil properties, vegetation cover, topography and land use change.

[0003] In related technologies, numerous soil erosion models have been developed, which have undergone development from empirical models to physical models. Empirical models are simple in structure, easy to use, and accurate in predicting multi-year average soil loss, but they are difficult to apply at the sub-rainfall scale and below, do not consider the impact of key factors on soil separation and sediment transport processes, have poor portability, and are difficult to control in terms of precision when extending the boundary conditions or region, and the model structure is unstable. Soil erosion models based on physical processes are developed to try to break the shackles of application limitations, but due to the existence of a large number of complex or assumed parameters and processes, and the development under relatively ideal conditions, they lack consideration of the direct effects of changing underlying surfaces such as topography, vegetation and land use on erosion and sediment transport, making them still unable to have more extensive extensibility and still have a certain distance from practical application.

[0004] Therefore, how to realize effective expression of key influencing factors of soil erosion physical models on slope erosion in the Loess Plateau, and continuous simulation of the gully-slope differentiation erosion and sediment transport process generated by the ridge and valley slopes have become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a full-slope erosion sediment transport simulation method which comprehensively considers soil properties and land use, solves the problem of insufficient consideration of key influencing factors of soil erosion physical models on slope erosion in the Loess Plateau in related technologies, and cannot continuously simulate the gully-slope differentiation erosion and sediment transport process generated by the ridge and valley slopes.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a full-slope erosion sediment transport simulation method which comprehensively considers soil properties and land use is provided, comprising:

[0007] Basic data on erosion and sediment transport were collected for the entire slope of ridges and valleys within the watershed. The basic data on erosion and sediment transport included soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data.

[0008] Based on basic data on erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions, the erosion environment type of the entire slope is automatically identified, and the initial parameters to be optimized that affect erosion are obtained based on the erosion environment type.

[0009] The initial parameters to be optimized are updated based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained;

[0010] By changing the slope combination and slope length in the terrain conditions, as well as the land use type and vegetation coverage combination in the land use type boundary conditions, a variety of different scenarios are obtained. Based on the various different scenarios and the optimal parameters, the sediment production and transport evolution process of the entire slope is simulated to obtain the sediment transport rate of the slope under the various different scenarios.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; the memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction causes the processor to perform an operation corresponding to the method described in the first aspect.

[0012] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0013] According to the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present invention, basic data on erosion and sediment transport corresponding to the entire slope surface of ridges and valleys within the watershed are collected respectively. The basic data on erosion and sediment transport includes soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data. Based on the basic data on erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions, the erosion environment type of the entire slope surface is automatically determined, and initial parameters to be optimized that affect erosion are obtained based on the erosion environment type. The initial parameters to be optimized are updated based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained. By changing the slope combination and slope length in the topographic conditions, and the combination of land use type and vegetation coverage in the land use type boundary conditions, multiple different scenarios are obtained. Based on the multiple different scenarios and the optimal parameters, the sediment production and transport evolution process of the entire slope surface is simulated to obtain the sediment transport rate of the slope surface under the multiple different scenarios. This method collects basic data on erosion and sediment transport across the entire slope of actual ridges and valleys, determines the erosion environment type of the slope using this data, and further initializes the parameters to be optimized, as well as their range, required topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions for subsequent simulation. It considers the sediment source-sink effect caused by slope differentiation in ridges and valleys, and can reflect the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties, topography, land use, and vegetation cover along the slope. This method solves the problem that existing soil erosion physical models do not adequately consider the key influencing factors of slope erosion in the Loess Plateau and cannot continuously simulate the slope differentiation problem caused by ridges and valleys. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for simulating full-slope erosion and sediment transport by integrating soil properties and land use, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the simulated sediment transport rate of the entire slope under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the comparison between simulated single-width sediment transport rate and measured single-width sediment transport rate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, and third" used in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first, second, and third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0022] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which these embodiments of the invention pertain. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for simulating full-slope erosion and sediment transport based on integrated soil properties and land use, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This method can be executed by electronic devices, such as computers or servers.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for simulating full-slope erosion and sediment transport by integrating soil properties and land use includes:

[0025] S101. Collect basic data on erosion and sediment transport corresponding to the entire slope of the ridges and valleys within the watershed. The basic data on erosion and sediment transport includes soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, the entire slope within the watershed can be a ridge slope and a gully slope. Basic erosion and sediment transport data corresponding to the ridge slope and gully slope within the watershed are collected. This basic erosion and sediment transport data includes soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data. Specifically, soil data includes soil organic matter (g / kg) and median soil particle size (mm); topographic data includes slope (in radians) and slope length (m); land use data includes bare land (set to 0), cultivated land (set to 1), grassland (set to 2), and forest land (set to 3); vegetation data includes vegetation cover (%); and water and sediment data includes runoff per unit width (m³). 2 The collected erosion and sediment transport data are the actual data corresponding to the slope surfaces of ridges, mounds, and gullies, and the sediment transport rate per unit width (kg / (sm)).

[0027] S102. Based on the basic data of erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions and land use type boundary conditions, automatically determine the erosion environment type of the entire slope, and obtain the initial parameters to be optimized based on the erosion environment type.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, basic data on erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions are input into a preset discrimination program to obtain the erosion environment type of the entire slope. The erosion environment type includes a single slope type, a composite slope type with the same land use in both upper and lower sections, and a composite slope type with different land use in both upper and lower sections. The single slope type, the composite slope type with the same land use in both upper and lower sections, and the composite slope type with different land use in both upper and lower sections represent the original, natural slope type. Further, based on the erosion environment type, initial parameters to be optimized that affect the subsequent erosion of the entire slope are obtained. These initial parameters to be optimized include soil separability parameters, sediment transportability parameters, soil erodibility attenuation index, vegetation cover attenuation coefficient, soil separability index of the ridge and mound slope, and sediment transport capacity index of the ridge and mound slope. Topographical conditions can include slope combinations and slope lengths, while land use type boundary conditions can be farmland-grassland, forestland-grassland, bare land-bare land, and grassland-grassland. For composite slope types with the same land use in both upper and lower sections, the land use type boundary conditions are bare land-bare land and grassland-grassland; for composite slope types with different land use in both upper and lower sections, the land use type boundary conditions are farmland-grassland and forestland-grassland. These topographical and land use type boundary conditions are obtained from measured data.

[0029] S103. By changing the slope combination and slope length in the terrain conditions, as well as the land use type and vegetation coverage combination in the land use type boundary conditions, a variety of different scenarios are obtained. Based on the various different scenarios and optimal parameters, the sediment production and transport evolution process of the entire slope is simulated to obtain the sediment transport rate of the entire slope under various different scenarios.

[0030] For example, step S102 yields an erosion environment type of single slope, with the following initial conditions: slope gradient of 15%, slope length of 200 meters, and land use type and vegetation cover of grassland at 30%. Different scenarios are then obtained, one of which involves increasing the slope from 15% to 35%, keeping the slope length constant at 200 meters, and maintaining the grassland vegetation cover at 30%. This scenario, along with the optimal parameters, is used to simulate the sediment transport evolution process, yielding the sediment transport rate of the slope under this scenario. Similar simulations are performed for other scenarios. Comparison of different scenarios shows that changes in slope gradient, slope length, land use type, and vegetation cover significantly impact soil erosion and sediment transport rate.

[0031] For example, step S102 obtains a composite slope type with the same land use in both upper and lower sections, characterized by an erosion environment type. The slope gradients of the upper and lower sections are inconsistent, with the lower section being steeper and the upper section gentler. Assume a hillside with a total length of 400 meters, divided into two 200-meter sections, with the same land use type: grassland, bare land, or cultivated land. Initial conditions: First 200 meters: slope gradient: 15%, slope length: 200 meters, land use type and vegetation cover: grassland, 30% coverage; Second 200 meters: slope gradient: 15%, slope length: 200 meters, land use type and vegetation cover: grassland, 30% coverage. That is, the entire slope is a uniform gradient combination, with the upper and lower sections having the same gradient of 15%. Different scenarios were obtained after the changes. One scenario was as follows: for the first 200 meters, the slope was 15%, the slope length remained at 200 meters, and the land use type and vegetation cover were grassland with a coverage rate of 30%. For the next 200 meters, the slope increased from 15% to 35%, the slope length remained at 200 meters, and the land use type and vegetation cover were grassland with a coverage rate of 30%. The sediment transport evolution process was simulated using this scenario and the optimal parameters to obtain the sediment transport rate of the slope under this scenario. Other scenarios were similar. Through the comparison of different scenarios, it can be seen that changes in slope, slope length, land use type, and vegetation cover have a significant impact on soil erosion and sediment transport rate.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the simulated sediment transport rate of the entire slope under different scenarios provided in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 The erosion environment type was determined to be a composite slope, with an upper slope of 15° and a lower slope of 30°. The simulated land use type boundary conditions were: upper section: bare land-bare land-farmland-grassland; lower section: grassland-grassland-woodland-grassland. The horizontal axis represents different slope lengths, and the vertical axis represents the sediment transport rate of the entire slope.

[0033] It is understood that, in the embodiments of the present invention, basic data on erosion and sediment transport corresponding to the entire slope surface of ridges and valleys within the watershed are collected respectively. The basic data on erosion and sediment transport includes soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data. Based on the basic data on erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions, the erosion environment type of the entire slope surface is automatically determined, and the initial parameters to be optimized that affect erosion are obtained based on the erosion environment type. The parameters to be optimized are updated based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained. By changing the slope combination and slope length in the topographic conditions, and the combination of land use type and vegetation coverage in the land use type boundary conditions, a variety of different scenarios are obtained. Based on the various different scenarios and the optimal parameters, the sediment production and transport evolution process of the entire slope surface is simulated to obtain the sediment transport rate of the entire slope surface under various different scenarios. This method collects basic data on erosion and sediment transport across the entire slope of actual ridges and valleys, and determines the erosion environment type of the slope using this data. It then initializes the parameters to be optimized, as well as their range, required topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions for subsequent simulations. This method considers the sediment source-sink effect caused by slope differentiation in ridges and valleys, and reflects the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties, topography, land use, and vegetation cover along the slope. It addresses the shortcomings of existing soil erosion physical models in considering key influencing factors of slope erosion in the Loess Plateau and their inability to continuously simulate slope differentiation problems caused by ridges and valleys.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the initial parameters to be optimized based on the erosion environment type in S102 can be achieved through S1021 to S1022, as described in the following steps.

[0035] S1021. Set simulated terrain conditions and simulated land use type boundary conditions based on erosion environment type.

[0036] S1022. Obtain the parameter type and preset parameter range based on the boundary conditions of simulated land use type, and randomly generate a set of parameters within the preset parameter range according to the parameter type as the initial parameters to be optimized.

[0037] In embodiments of the present invention, simulated terrain conditions and simulated land use type boundary conditions are set by erosion environment type, and parameter types and preset parameter ranges are obtained based on simulated land use type boundary conditions. A set of parameters is randomly generated within the preset parameter range according to the parameter type as the initial parameters to be optimized for subsequent erosion of the entire slope, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the simulation.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, S103 can be implemented by S1031 to S1032, as described in the following steps.

[0039] S1031. Based on the initial parameters to be optimized and the simulation formula for the unit width sediment transport rate, obtain the current simulated unit width sediment transport rate, and when the comparison result between the simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured unit width sediment transport rate meets the preset accuracy discrimination index conditions, take the initial parameters to be optimized as the optimal parameters.

[0040] In embodiments of the present invention, before using the unit width sediment transport rate simulation formula, the slope type of the current watershed's ridges and valleys is first determined by the erosion environment type to determine whether the slope is a single slope type or a composite slope type. If it is a single slope type, the current unit width sediment transport rate is obtained by using the parameters to be optimized and the unit width sediment transport rate simulation formula corresponding to the single slope type. If it is a composite slope type, the current unit width sediment transport rate is obtained by using the parameters to be optimized and the unit width sediment transport rate simulation formula corresponding to the composite slope type. The preset accuracy discrimination index conditions include the coefficient of determination. Nash effective coefficient and relative error The simulation accuracy is evaluated comprehensively based on three indicators, and the effectiveness evaluation standard is: good quality. To meet the calculation accuracy and does not meet basic computational accuracy .

[0041] Furthermore, when the current simulated unit width sediment transport rate is obtained, if the comparison result between the simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured sediment transport rate meets the preset accuracy discrimination index condition, the parameter to be optimized is taken as the optimal parameter. Alternatively, if the current iteration number reaches the preset iteration number upper limit, the parameter to be optimized is taken as the optimal parameter.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the comparison between simulated and measured sediment transport rates per unit width, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 In the four figures, the simulated land use type boundary conditions are grassland, farmland, forest, and bare land, respectively. The horizontal axis represents different dates, and the vertical axis represents the unit width sediment transport rate. The unit width sediment transport rate includes the simulated unit width sediment transport rate (the simulated value of the sediment transport rate shown by the dashed line in the figure) and the measured unit width sediment transport rate (the measured value of the sediment transport rate shown by the solid line in the figure). Figure 3 It also includes the coefficient of determination R calculated based on the simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured unit width sediment transport rate. 2 Nash effective coefficient (NSE) and relative error (RE).

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula for the determination coefficient is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] In the above formula, As the coefficient of determination, It is the measured sediment transport rate per unit width of the i-th rainfall event. It is the simulated sediment transport rate per unit width for the i-th rainfall event. This represents the average measured sand transport rate per unit width. This is the average value of the simulated single-width sediment transport rate.

[0046] The formula for Nash's efficiency coefficient is shown below:

[0047] ;

[0048] In the above formula, This is the Nash efficiency coefficient.

[0049] The formula for relative error is as follows:

[0050] ;

[0051] In the above formula, This represents the relative error.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the entire slope is simultaneously limited by soil separation capacity and sediment transport capacity during the erosion and sediment production process, and its core governing equation can be expressed as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] In the above formula, For single-width sediment transport rate, For soil separation rate, For soil separation capacity, For sediment transport capacity, This represents the current position of the entire slope from the top of the slope.

[0055] Among these factors, soil separation capacity of the ridge slopes was considered, taking into account soil properties, land use change, and vegetation effects. The sediment transport capacity of the ridges and hills The following formulas are shown respectively:

[0056] ;

[0057] ;

[0058] In the above formula, This represents the current position of the entire slope from the top of the slope. For soil separability parameters; subscript Represents the slope surface of ridges and mounds; The soil organic matter content of Liangmaopo; The median particle size of the soil on the Liangmao slope; Organic matter index; The median particle size index represents the soil separation capacity. for The index; This refers to the transportability parameter of sediment; The median particle size index represents the sediment transport capacity. for The index; It is the index of soil erodibility attenuation; This refers to the vegetation cover of the hillside. Among these, the aforementioned organic matter index... The value is -0.778; median particle size index of soil separation capacity. The value is 1.318; median particle size index for sediment transport capacity. The value is -0.322. The power of the total surface runoff on the ridge slope.

[0059] The power of the total surface runoff on the ridge slope is expressed by the following formula:

[0060] ;

[0061] In the above formula, The average runoff per unit width of the ridge slope is given. It is water-weighted. The slope of the ridge and hill. This represents the vegetation cover attenuation coefficient.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the simulation formula for the unit width sediment transport rate of a single slope type (ridge slope) is as follows:

[0063] ;

[0064] in, To simulate the sediment transport rate per unit width of a single slope type, Because the slope of Liangmao is long, It is Liangmaopo.

[0065] In embodiments of the present invention, the effects of upstream water and sediment runoff, significant increases in slope, and changes in land use type need to be considered for gully slopes, but the mechanism of runoff erosion energy remains unchanged, and the core governing equation for sediment yield on gully slopes remains the same. Using the water runoff from ridge and hillside slopes as boundary conditions, the sediment transport rate per unit width of gully slopes considering soil properties and land use changes is derived. As shown below:

[0066] ;

[0067] In the above formula, the subscript Representing the valley slope, Represents the length of the valley slope; and Representative parameter merging item; The parameters for the separability of soil on gully slopes; The transportability parameter of sediment on the gully slope; The attenuation index of soil erosibility on gully slopes; The attenuation coefficient of vegetation cover on the valley slope; Valley slope The index; Valley slope The index; Vegetation coverage of the valley slope; The organic matter content of the soil on the slope of the gully; The slope of the valley. The median particle size of the soil on the gully slope; This represents the initial sediment transport rate.

[0068] The sediment transport rate per unit width of the valley slope and the sediment transport rate per unit width of the ridge and mound slope are integrated to obtain the calculation formula for the sediment transport rate per unit width of the composite slope type combining the ridge and mound slope and the valley slope, as shown below:

[0069] ;

[0070] S1032. When the comparison results of the simulated single-width sand transport rate and the measured single-width sand transport rate do not meet the preset accuracy discrimination index conditions, the parameters to be optimized are iteratively updated again until the comparison results of the simulated single-width sand transport rate and the measured single-width sand transport rate corresponding to the updated parameters to be optimized meet the preset accuracy discrimination index conditions, and the updated parameters to be optimized are taken as the optimal parameters.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the comparison result between the current simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured unit width sediment transport rate does not meet the preset accuracy discrimination index, the parameter to be optimized is updated twice through the cuckoo search algorithm, and the corresponding current simulated unit width sediment transport rate is obtained again using the updated parameter to be optimized and the unit width sediment transport rate simulation formula. It is then determined whether the comparison result between the current simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured unit width sediment transport rate meets the preset accuracy discrimination index. This process is repeated until the optimal parameter is obtained.

[0072] If the maximum number of iterations has been reached during the iteration process, but the current simulated single-width sediment transport rate and the measured single-width sediment transport rate do not meet the preset accuracy discrimination index conditions, then a parameter accuracy warning will be given, the maximum number of iterations will be increased, and the above steps will be repeated until the optimal parameters are obtained.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, the erosion environment type of the slope obtained based on the preset discrimination procedure and the basic data of erosion and sediment transport in S102 can be achieved through S102a, which will be specifically explained through the following steps.

[0074] S102a. Organize the topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, water and sediment data, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions into a comma-separated value file in the same directory as the preset discrimination program, and combine it with the soil data input in the preset discrimination program to obtain the erosion environment type.

[0075] In embodiments of the present invention, slope and slope length from topographic data, vegetation cover from land use data and vegetation data, unit width runoff and unit width sediment transport rate from water and sediment data, and boundary conditions of topographic conditions and land use types are organized into a preset discrimination program, such as data.csv in the same directory as the Python program, according to an example format, ensuring that each type of data has a corresponding column name. Further, the soil organic matter content and median soil particle size data from the soil data are provided to the Python program as input. For example, input can be made through command-line parameters, configuration files, or interactive input. The preset discrimination program reads the data from the dataa.csv file and, combined with the externally input soil organic matter content and median soil particle size data, performs further analysis and processing to obtain the erosion environment type.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present invention, S104 can be implemented by S1041 to S1042, as described in the following steps.

[0077] S1041. Substitute the optimal parameters and the corresponding parameter values ​​under different scenarios into the single-width sand transport rate simulation formula to obtain the single-width sand transport rate under different scenarios.

[0078] S1042. Based on the single-width sediment transport rate under different scenarios, the sediment transport rate of the entire slope under different scenarios is obtained.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present invention, different scenarios include different combinations of slope, slope length, land use type, and vegetation coverage, each with corresponding parameter values. The parameter values ​​and optimal parameters under different scenarios are substituted into the unit width sediment transport rate simulation formula to obtain the unit width sediment transport rate under different scenarios. The sediment transport rate of the entire slope under different scenarios can be obtained by multiplying the unit width sediment transport rate and the width of the entire slope.

[0080] Reference Figure 4 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The specific embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation of the electronic device.

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 502, a communications interface 504, a memory 506, and a communications bus 508.

[0082] in:

[0083] The processor 502, communication interface 504, and memory 506 communicate with each other via communication bus 508.

[0084] Communication interface 504 is used to communicate with other electronic devices or servers.

[0085] The processor 502 is used to execute program 510, specifically the relevant steps in the above method embodiments.

[0086] Specifically, program 510 may include program code that includes computer operation instructions.

[0087] Processor 502 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The smart device may include one or more processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or it may include processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0088] Memory 506 is used to store program 510. Memory 506 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0089] Specifically, program 510 can be used to cause processor 502 to perform the operations corresponding to the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0090] The specific implementation of each step in program 510 can be found in the corresponding descriptions of the steps and units in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the devices and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] It should be noted that, depending on the implementation needs, the various components / steps described in the embodiments of the present invention can be broken down into more components / steps, or two or more components / steps or parts of the operation of components / steps can be combined into new components / steps to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0092] The methods described above according to embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium (such as a CD-ROM, RAM, floppy disk, hard disk, or magneto-optical disk), or as computer code originally stored on a remote recording medium or a non-transitory machine-readable medium and subsequently stored on a local recording medium, downloaded via a network. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a recording medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware (such as an ASIC or FPGA). It is understood that the computer, processor, microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes storage components (e.g., RAM, ROM, flash memory, etc.) capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods described herein. Furthermore, when a general-purpose computer accesses code used to implement the methods shown herein, the execution of the code transforms the general-purpose computer into a dedicated computer for executing the methods shown herein.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating full-slope erosion and sediment transport by integrating soil properties and land use, characterized in that, include: Basic data on erosion and sediment transport were collected for the entire slope of ridges and valleys within the watershed. The basic data on erosion and sediment transport included soil data, topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, and water and sediment data. The erosion environment type of the entire slope is automatically determined based on the basic data of erosion and sediment transport, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions, and the initial parameters to be optimized that affect erosion are obtained based on the erosion environment type. The initial parameters to be optimized are updated based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained; By changing the slope combination and slope length in the terrain conditions, as well as the land use type and vegetation cover combination in the land use type boundary conditions, a variety of different scenarios are obtained. Based on the various different scenarios and the optimal parameters, the sediment production and transport evolution process of the entire slope is simulated to obtain the sediment transport rate of the entire slope under the various different scenarios. The process of obtaining the initial parameters to be optimized based on the erosion environment type includes: Based on the aforementioned erosion environment type, simulated terrain conditions and simulated land use type boundary conditions are set; Based on the boundary conditions of the simulated land use type, the parameter type and the preset parameter range are obtained, and a set of parameters is randomly generated from the preset parameter range according to the parameter type as the initial parameters to be optimized.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of updating the initial parameters to be optimized based on the cuckoo search algorithm until the optimal parameters are obtained includes: Based on the initial parameters to be optimized and the simulation formula for the unit width sediment transport rate, the current simulated unit width sediment transport rate is obtained, and when the comparison result between the simulated unit width sediment transport rate and the measured unit width sediment transport rate meets the preset accuracy discrimination index condition, the initial parameters to be optimized are taken as the optimal parameters. When the comparison result between the simulated single-width sediment transport rate and the measured single-width sediment transport rate does not meet the preset accuracy discrimination index condition, the initial parameter to be optimized is iteratively updated again until the comparison result between the simulated single-width sediment transport rate and the measured single-width sediment transport rate corresponding to the updated parameter to be optimized meets the preset accuracy discrimination index condition, and the updated parameter to be optimized is taken as the optimal parameter.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic determination of the erosion environment type of the entire slope based on basic erosion and sediment transport data, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions includes: The topographic data, land use data, vegetation data, water and sediment data, topographic conditions, and land use type boundary conditions are organized into a comma-separated value file in the same directory as the preset discrimination program, and combined with the soil data input in the preset discrimination program to obtain the erosion environment type.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The simulation of the sediment transport evolution process of the entire slope based on the various different scenarios and the optimal parameters yields the sediment transport rate of the entire slope under the various different scenarios, including: Substitute the optimal parameters and the corresponding parameter values ​​under the various different scenarios into the single-width sediment transport rate simulation formula to obtain the single-width sediment transport rate under the various different scenarios; The sediment transport rate of the entire slope under the various different scenarios is obtained based on the single-width sediment transport rate under the various different scenarios.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The erosion environment types include single slope types, composite slope types with the same land use in the upper and lower sections, and composite slope types with different land use in the upper and lower sections. The composite slope type consists of the ridge slope and the valley slope. The topographic conditions include the slope combination and the slope length. The land use type boundary conditions corresponding to the composite slope type with the same land use in the upper and lower sections include the upper section consisting of bare land and bare land combined, and the lower section consisting of grassland and grassland combined. The land use type boundary conditions corresponding to the composite slope type with different land use in the upper and lower sections include the upper section consisting of farmland and grassland combined, and the lower section consisting of forest land and grassland combined.

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