System and method for intervening unsafe behaviors of building workers under guidance of latent variables
By combining the DEMATEL-ISM and SEM models with questionnaire surveys, an intervention system for unsafe behaviors of construction workers was constructed, which solved the problem of insufficient research on the interaction relationship between factors, realized the dynamic intervention effect evaluation of unsafe behaviors, and improved the pertinence and effectiveness of construction safety management.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510915067.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing research lacks in-depth analysis of the interactions among factors influencing unsafe behaviors of construction workers, and static research methods cannot fully reflect behavioral changes, and the assumptions of intervention strategies lack rationality and comprehensiveness.
The DEMATEL-ISM analysis method was used to determine the path relationship between influencing factors and intervention strategies. A SEM model was constructed in combination with a questionnaire survey to conduct a static study, and a dynamic study was conducted through system dynamics simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention strategy.
It provides a more reasonable hypothesis of intervention path, dynamically studies the changing trend of unsafe behaviors, helps formulate targeted safety management measures, and improves the level of construction safety management.
Smart Images
Figure CN120806679A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the field of engineering technology, and particularly relates to a creep variable oriented construction worker unsafe behavior intervention system and method. BACKGROUND
[0002] House building engineering is a typical labor-intensive industry, and has huge demand for manpower and material resources. The safety research on the house building industry is of great urgency and significant practical significance.
[0003] At present, most scholars focus on the cognitive process of workers and the interaction between workers and the environment, organization and other factors when studying the influencing factors of worker unsafe behavior, and further factor analysis is carried out on this basis. Starting from the individual worker, few studies consider the interaction between individual related factors. In the study of latent variables, the interaction between unsafe physiology, unsafe psychology, unsafe motivation and safety ability and other factors has not been fully discussed. In terms of research methods, it can be observed that as a basic research method, structural equation model (SEM) has been widely used in the field of worker unsafe behavior intervention research in recent years. However, the assumption of intervention path is mostly set through literature research. Since the interaction path between intervention strategy and unsafe behavior influencing factors is often complex, it is difficult to ensure the rationality of the path assumption through literature research alone.
[0004] Disadvantages of prior art:
[0005] (1) In terms of the influencing factors of worker unsafe behavior considering latent variables, most scholars mainly focus on the cognitive process of workers and the interaction between workers and the environment, organization and other factors, and carry out factor analysis. Few studies start from the individual worker and consider the interaction between individual related factors. In terms of latent variables, there is a lack of consideration of how the interaction between unsafe physiology, unsafe psychology, unsafe motivation and safety ability affects unsafe behavior.
[0006] (2) In terms of unsafe behavior research methods, it can be found that as a basic research method, SEM has been widely used in the field of worker unsafe behavior research in recent years. However, due to the lack of consideration of the cumulative effect of time influence and factor interaction, the static study relying on SEM alone has certain limitations for the study of unsafe behavior.
[0007] (3) In the aspect of the research on the intervention of unsafe behavior of workers, although domestic and foreign scholars consider that there is a relationship between the mechanism of unsafe behavior and the intervention mechanism, the research that really combines the two is still less. And the assumption of intervention path and the setting of simulation parameters are mostly set by referring to relevant literature or theoretical research, and the action path of the intervention strategy is often complex, and it is difficult to ensure the rationality and comprehensiveness of the path assumption through literature research. SUMMARY
[0008] The present application aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: 1. The research on the relationship between the influencing factors of unsafe behavior of workers is insufficient: in the current research, few studies consider how the relationship between the factors leads to the occurrence of unsafe behavior from the perspective of the individual factors of workers. 2. Only static research through structural equation model, less dynamic research: the current research on the unsafe behavior and intervention of workers is mostly static path research through SEM, however, the occurrence of unsafe behavior and intervention is not a temporary intention at a moment, but a result that changes over time. Therefore, by considering the time factor, i.e. simulation, in the process of researching the occurrence of unsafe behavior and intervention, the cumulative effect under the influence of unsafe behavior factors and intervention strategies can be investigated, so as to more accurately describe the mechanism of the process.
[0009] The object of the present application is to provide a latent variable-oriented intervention system and method for the unsafe behavior of construction workers, comprising the following steps:
[0010] (1) Questionnaire design and survey analysis
[0011] The influencing factors of the unsafe behavior of construction workers and the intervention strategies are summarized from the individual perspective. A "construction worker unsafe behavior influencing factor correlation expert scoring table" is prepared to collect the opinions of experts on the correlation between factors, and the path relationship between the unsafe behavior influencing factors and the intervention strategies is obtained through DEMATEL-ISM analysis. Then, two survey questionnaires are designed and prepared for the mechanism of the occurrence of unsafe behavior and the intervention mechanism of workers, and after obtaining the results of the survey questionnaires, descriptive statistical analysis and data of reliability and validity test are performed, which are used as the data source for the related path verification analysis of the construction of the structural equation model.
[0012] Unsafe behavior influencing factors: unsafe psychology, unsafe physiology, safety ability and unsafe motivation.
[0013] Intervention strategies: safety culture, safety atmosphere and safety education.
[0014] (2) Static research: construction of unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model
[0015] Structural equation modeling (SEM) can be used to quantitatively analyze latent variables that are not easy to quantify. Based on the results of the inter-relationship between factors obtained in step one through DEMATEL-ISM analysis, path hypotheses are proposed. Then, combined with the results of the worker questionnaire, AMOS software is used to verify and modify the proposed unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism path and intervention mechanism path, and then the final unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism model and intervention mechanism model are obtained, realizing the static analysis of the occurrence and intervention strategy of unsafe behavior. The causal relationship between the intervention mechanism model established by AMOS analysis and the path coefficients between the influencing factors and the intervention strategies are used as the framework basis and input parameters for the subsequent construction of the simulation model.
[0016] (3) Dynamic research: based on VENSIM software, introduce system dynamics simulation of the effectiveness of intervention strategies
[0017] By constructing the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model, the initial parameter values required by the simulation model are obtained. On this basis, the system dynamics model is constructed for simulation, and the effects of different intervention strategies are dynamically studied. The changes in the level of workers' unsafe behavior under the action of different intervention strategies are analyzed, and targeted management suggestions are put forward.
[0018] Specifically, based on the intervention mechanism model obtained through DEMATEL-ISM and SEM analysis verification, the system dynamics (System Dynamics) method is introduced for simulation. The causal relationship and path coefficients between the influencing factors and intervention strategies in the intervention mechanism model are used as variables and parameters for constructing the system dynamics model, and according to the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model, the causal loop diagram and stock-flow diagram are drawn, and the system dynamics model reflecting the dynamic changes of construction workers' unsafe behavior is constructed using VENSIM software.
[0019] Further, the verification and fitting modification in step (2) is as follows: the worker score results are input into the SEM model constructed by AMOS software as raw data, and the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model of unsafe behavior are verified and modified by AMOS software.
[0020] Further, the variables and parameters of the system dynamics model in step (3) are as follows: the causal relationship and path coefficients between the influencing factors and intervention strategies in the intervention mechanism model established by AMOS analysis are used as the framework basis and input parameters for the subsequent construction of the simulation model to obtain the initial parameter values required by the simulation model.
[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Starting from the perspective of individual workers, the present invention analyzes the relationship between factors affecting workers' unsafe behaviors and intervention strategies through the Decision Laboratory-Explanatory Structural Model (DEMATEL-ISM), clarifies the correlation between various factors through quantitative analysis, and uses this as the basis for constructing an intervention mechanism for unsafe behaviors. On this basis, the structural equation model (SEM) is used to construct an unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism model and an intervention mechanism model, and a static study is conducted on the occurrence and intervention process of workers' unsafe behaviors. This fills the gap in existing research on the insufficient consideration of the relationship between factors affecting individual unsafe behaviors, and provides a more reasonable basis for the hypothesis of intervention paths.
[0022] Furthermore, this paper uses the path analysis results of the occurrence and intervention mechanism models as initial parameter values. Through system dynamics simulation, it studies the effects of various intervention strategies on workers' unsafe behaviors and evaluates their effectiveness. This enables a dynamic study of the occurrence and intervention process of unsafe behaviors, avoiding the shortcomings of previous simulation studies that relied on literature or experience for parameter setting and enhancing the data support for the research. This provides theoretical support and reference for project managers to formulate more targeted safety management measures, helping to improve safety management levels during construction and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is the technical roadmap of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is the stratification result diagram in step 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1-2 The present invention will be further described in detail with the following embodiments:
[0026] Example 1
[0027] 1. Determination of influencing factors and intervention strategies and analysis of their relationship
[0028] Through extensive literature reading and theoretical analysis, four factors influencing unsafe behaviors are proposed from an individual perspective, including unsafe psychology, unsafe physiology, unsafe motivation and safety ability. Referring to research results such as behavioral intervention theory, three intervention strategies are summarized: safety culture, safety atmosphere and safety education. An "Expert Scoring Table on the Correlation between Factors Influencing Unsafe Behaviors of Construction Workers" is compiled to collect expert opinions on the correlation between factors influencing unsafe behaviors and intervention strategies, and the Decision Laboratory-Interpretative Structural Model (DEMATEL-ISM) is used for analysis and calculation. The following is obtained: Figure 2The hierarchical results of ISM can be seen that the influencing factors of construction workers' unsafe behaviors and intervention strategies constitute a double-layer multi-level hierarchical relationship. The factors between each level form a clear logical causal chain, and the lower level factors have an impact on the upper level factors through direct or indirect action. Through the hierarchical results of ISM, it can be seen that the first level factors are all unsafe behavior influencing factors, which are unsafe psychology, unsafe physiology, safety ability and unsafe motivation, and these factors directly affect the unsafe behavior of workers. The second level factors form different intervention paths as intervention strategies, for example, there are two intervention paths for safety culture, one is to influence the unsafe behavior by intervening and affecting the unsafe motivation, and the other is to influence the unsafe behavior by intervening the unsafe psychological factors. Through the above analysis, the path relationship between the influencing factors of unsafe behavior and intervention strategies is clear, and this path relationship is used as the basis for drawing the intervention mechanism model in AMOS software.
[0029] In this embodiment, the investigation on the front-line operating personnel is carried out by designing and distributing the worker questionnaire. The questionnaire data of this study mainly comes from the construction projects in Urumqi, Zhengzhou, Beijing and other cities. A total of 453 questionnaires are collected, and 405 valid questionnaires are finally obtained by eliminating the invalid questionnaires with short answering time and regular answering. The effective rate of the questionnaire is 89%. Based on the questionnaire data, the SEM model of the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism of the unsafe behavior of construction workers is constructed by using AMOS software, the path hypothesis is analyzed and verified, and the action path of the latent variable to the unsafe behavior and the influence coefficient are further clarified.
[0030] (2) Construction of unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model
[0031] The interaction between the influencing factors of individual unsafe behavior is regarded as the starting point of unsafe behavior research in this embodiment. Combined with behavioral theory and other theoretical research, the occurrence mechanism path hypothesis is proposed. At the same time, the intervention strategy of unsafe behavior is introduced into the research framework, and the internal relationship between the influencing factors of unsafe behavior of construction workers and the intervention strategy is analyzed and calculated by using DEMATEL-ISM method as mentioned above, which is the basis for proposing the intervention mechanism path hypothesis. After the hypothesis is proposed, the AMOS software is used to draw the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism framework. Then, the "construction worker unsafe behavior influencing factor and intervention research" questionnaire is designed and distributed to investigate the workers' attitude towards the influencing factors and intervention strategies of unsafe behavior. The workers' scoring results are input into the SEM model constructed by AMOS software as the original data. The occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism models of unsafe behavior are verified and fitted by using AMOS software, and the final occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism models of unsafe behavior are obtained. The causal relationship and path coefficients between the influencing factors and intervention strategies in the intervention mechanism model established by AMOS analysis are used as the framework basis and input parameters for the subsequent simulation model.
[0032] (Three) Intervention effect analysis based on system dynamics simulation
[0033] 1. Based on the intervention mechanism model verified by DEMATEL-ISM and SEM analysis, the system dynamics (System Dynamics) method is introduced for simulation. The causal relationship and path coefficients between the influencing factors and intervention strategies in the intervention mechanism model are used as variables and parameters for constructing the system dynamics model, and the causal loop diagram and stock-flow diagram are drawn. The VENSIM software is used to construct a system dynamics model that can reflect the dynamic changes of construction workers' unsafe behavior.
[0034] 2. By setting different intervention strategies and parameter scenarios, the system dynamics model is run for simulation, and the effect of different intervention strategies in the actual construction scene is studied in depth. The change trend of the level of construction workers' unsafe behavior over time under the action of different intervention strategies is analyzed, including the time inflection point of the occurrence of decline and the steepness of the decline curve.
[0035] 3. According to the simulation results, the effectiveness of each intervention strategy is analyzed, the optimal combination of intervention strategies is found out, and targeted and operable management suggestions are put forward for the actual construction situation, providing a theoretical basis for construction safety management. Specifically, on the basis of controlling other variables, the initial values of safety culture, safety atmosphere and safety education are increased by 5 units respectively; on this basis, by comparing and analyzing the unsafe behavior level under the initial state, the simulation results of the unsafe behavior level of construction workers under different intervention strategies are obtained. The results show that increasing the intensity of the three intervention strategies can more significantly reduce the level of unsafe behavior and advance the time inflection point at which the downward trend appears. However, different intervention strategies have different intervention effects, and the effects of safety education intervention and safety atmosphere intervention are significantly stronger than that of safety culture intervention.
[0036] The specific embodiments are only an explanation of the present application, and are not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, and the modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A latent variable-guided construction worker unsafe behavior intervention system and method, characterized by: The following steps are involved: (1) Questionnaire design and survey analysis An "Expert Scoring Table for the Correlation of Factors Affecting Construction Workers' Unsafe Behaviors" was compiled to collect expert opinions on the correlation between factors. A DEMATEL-ISM analysis was then used to determine the path relationship between factors influencing unsafe behaviors and intervention strategies. A two-part questionnaire was then designed and compiled for workers, focusing on the mechanisms of unsafe behavior and intervention. Descriptive statistical analysis and reliability and validity tests were conducted on the questionnaire results, which served as the data source for constructing a structural equation model and conducting relevant path validation analysis. (2) Static research: Constructing a model of the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism of unsafe behavior Based on the inter-factor correlation results obtained through the DEMATEL-ISM analysis method in step 1, a path hypothesis was proposed. Then, combined with the results of the worker questionnaire, the proposed unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism path and intervention mechanism path were verified and fitted and corrected using AMOS software. The final unsafe behavior occurrence mechanism model and intervention mechanism model were then obtained, achieving a static analysis of the mechanism of action of unsafe behavior occurrence and intervention strategy. (3) Dynamic research: Analysis of the effectiveness of intervention strategies using system dynamics simulation based on VENSIM software Based on the intervention mechanism model obtained through DEMATEL-ISM and SEM analysis and verification, the system dynamics method was introduced for simulation. The causal relationship determined in the intervention mechanism model and the path coefficients between the influencing factors and intervention strategies were used as variables and parameters to construct the system dynamics model. According to the occurrence mechanism and intervention mechanism model, the causal loop diagram and stock-flow diagram were drawn, and the VENSIM software was used to construct a system dynamics model that can reflect the dynamic changes of unsafe behaviors of construction workers.
2. The latent variable-guided construction worker unsafe behavior intervention system and method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The factors affecting unsafe behaviors include unsafe psychology, unsafe physiology, safety ability and unsafe motivation.
3. The latent variable-guided construction worker unsafe behavior intervention system and method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intervention strategies described include safety culture, safety climate, and safety education.
4. The latent variable-guided construction worker unsafe behavior intervention system and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variables and parameters for constructing the system dynamics model in step (3) are specifically to use the causal relationship of the intervention mechanism model established by AMOS analysis and the path coefficients between the influencing factors and between the intervention strategy and the influencing factors as the framework basis and input parameters for the subsequent construction of the simulation model to obtain the initial parameter values required for the simulation model.