Virtual power plant power transaction method and device based on Nash negotiation
By combining Wasserstein uncertainty set and Nash negotiation methods in a virtual power plant, a power trading model was constructed, which solved the problem of the clearing capacity not matching the day-ahead plan caused by the uncertainty of distributed resource output, and realized more flexible and stable power trading.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510783043.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
AI Technical Summary
The current virtual power plant power trading mechanism is still based on centralized trading, which cannot effectively handle the uncertainty of distributed resource output, resulting in a discrepancy between cleared capacity and day-ahead plans, thus affecting costs.
A method combining Wasserstein uncertainty set and Nash negotiation is adopted to construct the Nash negotiation utility of distributed resources in a virtual power plant, establish a Nash negotiation power trading model, and obtain the trading results by solving the model to handle the output uncertainty of distributed resources.
By combining Wasserstein uncertainty set and Nash negotiation, the power trading of virtual power plants is optimized, reducing the cost problems caused by output uncertainty, expanding the decentralized-centralized trading framework, and improving the flexibility and stability of trading.
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Figure CN120807005A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application relates to the technical field of virtual power plants, in particular to a virtual power plant power transaction method and device based on Nash negotiation. BACKGROUND
[0002] A virtual power plant is an intelligent energy management system that integrates distributed energy sources. It uses information technology to centrally control and dispatch these dispersed energy resources, enabling them to participate in power market transactions and grid scheduling like traditional large power plants, thereby optimizing the balance between power production and consumption. Virtual power plants improve the utilization of these energy sources by integrating distributed energy sources. Individual renewable energy systems may be small and unstable, but virtual power plants can smooth power generation and avoid fluctuations by integrating multiple sources, making up for the intermittency of single power generation methods and helping renewable energy better integrate into the grid. However, the current virtual power plant power transaction mechanism is still centralized, that is, the virtual power plant participates in power transactions by scheduling internal resources. In order to respond to the reform of the power market and promote distributed transactions while retaining the advantages of virtual power plant flexible scheduling, a decentralized-centralized virtual power plant transaction framework is urgently needed. At the same time, due to the existence of a large number of distributed resources such as wind power and photovoltaic power in virtual power plants, these distributed resources are often subject to weather factors, resulting in a deviation between actual output and predicted output. This deviation can cause the day-ahead clearing capacity to deviate from the day-ahead plan, affecting the cost of the virtual power plant. SUMMARY
[0003] The application provides a virtual power plant power transaction method and device based on Nash negotiation to solve the problems in the background art.
[0004] In a first aspect, the application provides a virtual power plant power transaction method based on Nash negotiation, comprising: constructing a Nash negotiation utility based on a Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources in a virtual power plant; constructing a virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model based on the Nash negotiation utility, a Nash negotiation breakdown point and a constraint condition; solving the virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model to obtain a virtual power plant power transaction result.
[0005] Further, the constructing a Nash negotiation utility based on a Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources in a virtual power plant comprises: constructing a wind turbine revenue based on a Wasserstein uncertainty set of wind turbines and constructing a photovoltaic unit revenue based on a Wasserstein uncertainty set of photovoltaic units; The Nash negotiation utility is constructed based on the income of the wind turbine, the income of the photovoltaic turbine, the income of the energy storage in the virtual power plant, and the income of the transaction between the virtual power plants.
[0006] Further, the income of the wind turbine is represented as: wherein represents the electricity selling price, represents the standby electricity price, represents the day-ahead power output plan of the wind turbine, represents the actual power output of the wind turbine, represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the wind turbine.
[0007] Further, the income of the photovoltaic turbine is represented as: wherein, represents the day-ahead power output plan of the photovoltaic turbine, represents the actual power output of the photovoltaic turbine, represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the photovoltaic turbine.
[0008] Further, the income of the energy storage in the virtual power plant is represented as: wherein, represents the arbitrage capacity of the energy storage, represents the standby capacity of the energy storage.
[0009] Further, the income of the transaction between the virtual power plants is represented as: wherein, represents the transaction capacity between the virtual power plants, represents the transaction electricity price between the virtual power plants.
[0010] Further, the Nash negotiation breakdown point is set as the income of the virtual power plant alone for power transaction.
[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a virtual power plant power transaction device based on Nash negotiation, comprising: a utility construction module, configured to construct a Nash negotiation utility based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the distributed resources in the virtual power plant; a model construction module, configured to construct a virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model based on the Nash negotiation utility, the Nash negotiation breakdown point, and the constraint condition; a result solving module, configured to solve the virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model to obtain a virtual power plant power transaction result.
[0012] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the virtual power plant power transaction method based on Nash negotiation as described above when executing the computer program.
[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the virtual power plant power transaction method based on Nash negotiation as described above.
[0014] The above technical solutions of the present application have the following advantages: The virtual power plant power transaction method based on Nash negotiation provided by the first aspect of the present application combines the Wasserstein uncertainty set based on the distributed resources in the virtual power plant with the method of Nash negotiation, and solves the problem of output uncertainty of the distributed resources in the power transaction.
[0015] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned second aspect, third aspect and fourth aspect can be referred to the related description in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0017] Figure 1 The flow chart of the virtual power plant power transaction method based on Nash negotiation provided by the present application; Figure 2 The structural diagram of the virtual power plant power transaction device based on Nash negotiation provided by the present application; Figure 3 The structural diagram of the electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular architectures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, devices, circuits, and
[0019] It is to be understood that the terminology "includes", "has", "holds", "contains" and / or "comprising", "including", "having" and their conjugates, as used herein, means "including but not limited to", and not to the exclusion of other non-specified features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components.
[0020] In addition, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to signify relative importance of the elements so described.
[0021] In the description of the present application, the reference "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other embodiments", "in additional embodiments", and so on, in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, unless otherwise specified. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "have", "having", "include", "including", "contain", "containing", and variants thereof, as used in the specification, mean "including but not limited to" unless otherwise specified. "Multiple" means "two or more".
[0022] In order to adapt to the distributed transaction reform of the electricity market, retain the flexible scheduling advantage of the virtual power plant, and expand the electricity transaction framework, the present application proposes a distributed-centralized transaction framework between virtual power plants based on Nash negotiation, and uses Wasserstein uncertain set to combine with Nash negotiation to output the uncertainty of distributed resources.
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.
[0024] As Figure 1As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a virtual power plant electricity transaction method based on Nash negotiation, which specifically comprises the following steps: constructing Nash negotiation utility based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources in the virtual power plant; constructing a virtual power plant Nash negotiation electricity transaction model based on the Nash negotiation utility, Nash negotiation breakdown point and constraint condition; solving the virtual power plant Nash negotiation electricity transaction model to obtain a virtual power plant electricity transaction result.
[0025] In some embodiments, the Nash negotiation utility based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources in the virtual power plant comprises: constructing the income of wind turbine generators based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of wind turbine generators, and constructing the income of photovoltaic generators based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of photovoltaic generators; constructing the Nash negotiation utility based on the income of wind turbine generators, the income of photovoltaic generators, the income of energy storage in the virtual power plant, and the income of transaction between virtual power plants.
[0026] In some embodiments, the income of wind turbine generators is represented as: wherein represents the electricity selling price, represents the standby electricity price, represents the day-ahead output plan of wind turbine generators, represents the actual output of wind turbine generators, represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of wind turbine generators.
[0027] In some embodiments, the income of photovoltaic generators is represented as: wherein, represents the day-ahead output plan of photovoltaic generators, represents the actual output of photovoltaic generators, represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of photovoltaic generators.
[0028] In some embodiments, the income of energy storage in the virtual power plant is represented as: wherein, represents the arbitrage capacity of energy storage, represents the standby capacity of energy storage.
[0029] In some embodiments, the income of transaction between virtual power plants is represented as: wherein, represents the transaction capacity between virtual power plants, represents the transaction electricity price between virtual power plants.
[0030] In some embodiments, the Nash negotiation breakdown point is set as the revenue of the virtual power plant conducting power transactions alone.
[0031] In order to solve the uncertainty of the output of the distributed resources in the virtual power plant due to weather, the application proposes a method of combining Wasserstein uncertainty set and Nash negotiation. The Wasserstein uncertainty set limits the uncertainty in the sphere with the Wasserstein distance of the empirical distribution of the distributed resources and the worst-case distribution as the measure, and avoids the situation that the virtual power plant does not match the day-ahead plan when the day-ahead clearing capacity.
[0032] First, the framework of the Nash negotiation transaction of the virtual power plant is established: Wherein represents the utility of the Nash negotiation, represents the negotiation breakdown point of the Nash negotiation. According to the definition of the Nash negotiation, each virtual power plant is independent and rational, and when the revenue of the i virtual power plants participating in the Nash negotiation is less than the revenue of not participating in the Nash negotiation, the virtual power plant can choose not to participate in the Nash negotiation. Therefore, the breakdown point of the Nash negotiation is set as the revenue of the virtual power plant conducting power transactions alone.
[0033] The utility of the Nash negotiation is represented as follows: Wherein represents the revenue of the wind turbine in the virtual power plant, represents the revenue of the photovoltaic in the virtual power plant, represents the revenue of the energy storage in the virtual power plant, represents the revenue of the transaction between the virtual power plants.
[0034] Wherein represents the electricity selling price, represents the standby electricity price, represents the day-ahead output plan of the wind turbine, represents the real output of the wind turbine. represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the wind turbine. The above formula represents that the uncertain output of the wind power is limited in the Wasserstein uncertainty set, and according to the maximum expectation of the worst case of the day-ahead output plan and the real output, the cost caused by the uncertain output is calculated.
[0035] The Wasserstein uncertainty set is represented as a Wasserstein ball with a radius less than 1. The Wasserstein distance can be represented as: The search space of the random variable, The joint distribution between and. In traditional robust optimization methods, uncertainty is usually assumed to be a set or deterministic, the latter assumption usually represents the worst case. However, in many practical applications, especially in distributed systems involving multiple decision makers, uncertainty is usually characterized by a probability distribution. Using Wasserstein distance can more accurately represent this situation.
[0036] The Wasserstein ball radius, The confidence level is usually 95%, and D represents the radius. The Wasserstein uncertainty set is interpreted as a fuzzy set based on historical data, evaluated by Wasserstein distance, quantifying the difference between the empirical distribution and the worst-case distribution, with the goal of determining the minimum difference between the two distributions. The metric of the fuzzy set is calculated using the sample size and confidence, ensuring that the optimization model remains robust in the face of uncertainty.
[0037] The revenue of a photovoltaic unit can be represented as follows: where represents the day-ahead generation plan of the photovoltaic unit, represents the actual output of the photovoltaic unit. represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the photovoltaic unit.
[0038] The revenue of energy storage can be represented as follows: and represent the arbitrage capacity and backup capacity of energy storage, respectively.
[0039] The revenue of transactions between virtual power plants can be represented as: and represent the transaction capacity and electricity price between virtual power plants, respectively.
[0040] In summary, the utility of virtual power plants participating in Nash negotiation can be represented as: Since the break point of Nash negotiation calculation of virtual power plant revenue does not contain transactions between virtual power plants, this part of capacity represents the virtual power plant directly transacting with the grid.
[0041] The above optimization problem also has specific constraints: The above constraints represent that the real output of wind turbines and photovoltaic units cannot exceed the output specified in the day-ahead plan.
[0042] The above formula represents the SOC constraint of the energy storage.
[0043] The above formula represents that the charging, discharging and standby capacity of the energy storage cannot exceed the maximum and minimum rated capacity of the energy storage.
[0044] The above formula represents that the transaction capacity between virtual power plants cannot exceed the upper and lower limits, and the transaction price needs to be kept between the on-grid price and the retail price.
[0045] The above formula represents the constraint range of the reducible load and the transferable load, where the amount of transferable load needs to be summed to 0 within a day.
[0046] The above formula represents the total power balance constraint of Nash negotiation.
[0047] The virtual power plant electricity transaction method based on Nash negotiation provided in the embodiments of the present application expands the scheme of virtual power plant electricity transaction, and proposes a decentralized-centralized virtual power plant electricity transaction framework based on Nash negotiation. The scheme combines the Wasserstein uncertainty set and the method of Nash negotiation, constructs the Wasserstein uncertainty through the experience distribution and the worst distribution of wind turbine generators and photovoltaic generators, and solves the problem of output uncertainty of distributed resources in electricity transaction.
[0048] Corresponding to the virtual power plant electricity transaction method based on Nash negotiation described in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application also provide a virtual power plant electricity transaction device based on Nash negotiation, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The virtual power plant electricity transaction device based on Nash negotiation includes: A utility construction module is configured to construct Nash negotiation utility based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources in the virtual power plant. A model construction module is configured to construct a virtual power plant Nash negotiation electricity transaction model based on the Nash negotiation utility, the Nash negotiation breakdown point and the constraint condition. A result solving module is configured to solve the virtual power plant Nash negotiation electricity transaction model to obtain a virtual power plant electricity transaction result.
[0049] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process and the like between the above modules / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of the present application, and the specific functions and technical effects brought by them can be referred to the method embodiments part, which will not be repeated here.
[0050] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional units and modules is exemplified, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or software. In addition, the specific name of each functional unit and module is only for easy distinction, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the system can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0051] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, as shown in the figure. Figure 3As shown, the computer device specifically comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the Nash negotiation-based virtual power plant power transaction method provided by the first aspect when executing the computer program.
[0052] In applications, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.
[0053] In applications, the memory can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device in some embodiments, for example, a hard disk or a memory of the electronic device. The memory can also be an external storage device of the electronic device in other embodiments, for example, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the electronic device. The memory can also include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the electronic device. The memory is used to store an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, data, and other programs, for example, program codes of the computer program, etc. The memory can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
[0054] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executable by the processor to implement the steps in each method embodiment.
[0055] The computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium can be a floppy disk, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) flash disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic tape, a hard disk, an optical disc, a computer database, or the like.
[0056] Those skilled in the art can understand that the devices and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.
[0057] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, and another point is that the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed mutual elements can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
[0058] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation, characterized in that: include: Constructing Nash negotiation utility based on Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources within virtual power plants; Based on Nash negotiation utility, Nash negotiation breakdown point and constraint conditions, a virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model is constructed; The virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model is solved to obtain the virtual power plant power transaction result.
2. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Nash negotiation utility is constructed based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of distributed resources within the virtual power plant, including: The benefits of wind turbines are constructed based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of wind turbines, and the benefits of photovoltaic units are constructed based on the Wasserstein uncertainty set of photovoltaic units. The Nash negotiation utility is constructed based on the benefits of wind turbines, photovoltaic units, energy storage in virtual power plants, and the benefits of transactions between virtual power plants.
3. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The profit of the wind turbine is expressed as: in Indicates the electricity price. represents the reserve electricity price, represents the day-ahead output plan of the wind turbine. Indicates the actual output of the wind turbine. represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the wind turbine.
4. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The income of the photovoltaic system is expressed as: in, It represents the day-ahead output plan of the photovoltaic unit. Indicates the actual output of the photovoltaic unit. represents the Wasserstein uncertainty set of the PV system.
5. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The benefits of energy storage in the virtual power plant are expressed as: in, represents the arbitrage capacity of energy storage, Indicates the reserve capacity of energy storage.
6. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The revenue from transactions between the virtual power plants is expressed as: in, represents the transaction capacity between virtual power plants, Represents the transaction electricity price between virtual power plants.
7. The virtual power plant power trading method based on Nash negotiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Nash negotiation breakdown point is set to the revenue of the virtual power plant conducting electricity trading alone.
8. A virtual power plant power trading device based on Nash negotiation, characterized in that: include: Utility building module, used to construct Nash negotiation utility based on Wasserstein uncertainty sets of distributed resources within virtual power plants; A model building module is used to build a virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model based on Nash negotiation utility, Nash negotiation breakdown point and constraints; The result solving module is used to solve the virtual power plant Nash negotiation power transaction model to obtain the virtual power plant power transaction result.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the virtual power plant electricity trading method based on Nash negotiation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the virtual power plant electricity trading method based on Nash negotiation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.