A method, device, equipment and medium for estimating a straw burning proportion

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of method, device, equipment and medium for estimating straw burning proportion, belong to environmental protection technical field, method includes: obtaining the heat anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of the region to be estimated;Identify straw burning fire point based on the heat anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data, calculate the straw burning area of the straw burning fire point;Obtain reference data of reference year, the reference data includes reference straw burning area, reference crop area and reference straw burning proportion;According to the reference data and the straw burning area and crop planting area of the region to be estimated, calculate the straw burning proportion of the region to be estimated.The present application improves the estimation accuracy of straw burning proportion time series data, provides reliable support for pollution quantification evaluation, burning risk zoning control and differentiated management strategy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and specifically relates to a method, device, equipment and medium for estimating the proportion of straw burning. BACKGROUND

[0002] The substances released by open burning of crop straw not only have a significant impact on air quality and human health, but also change atmospheric radiation at different levels and affect global climate. Accurate understanding of the open burning of straw in each region, estimation and construction of the burning proportion data over time are crucial for scientific assessment of pollution emissions, accurate delineation of burning risk control areas and development of differentiated management strategies, and constitute a key data support foundation.

[0003] Current straw burning monitoring mainly relies on human investigation and satellite monitoring. Human investigation can achieve accurate verification, but the cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the update frequency is extremely low, making it difficult to expand to large-scale applications. Satellites can conduct large-scale and high-frequency monitoring, but there are problems such as interference by clouds and confusion between straw burning fire points and other hot anomaly points (such as forest / grassland fires, industrial heat sources, and high-temperature ground objects). Traditional satellite monitoring techniques usually rely on static land cover classification data to directly filter hot anomaly points in farmland areas as straw burning fire points. In actual business applications, a large amount of manual correction is still required. There are technical problems such as low accuracy of straw burning identification and straw burning proportion estimation results, and low update frequency of straw burning proportion data. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a method, device, equipment and medium for estimating the proportion of straw burning, to solve the technical problem of low accuracy of straw burning proportion estimation results in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for estimating the proportion of straw burning, comprising:

[0007] Obtaining thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of a region to be estimated;

[0008] Identifying straw burning fire points based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, and calculating the straw burning area of the straw burning fire points; wherein the identification of the straw burning fire points based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data comprises: removing interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on a space-time coupling criterion; and performing spatial matching on the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on a confidence function of thermal emissivity and land cover fusion to identify the straw burning fire points;

[0009] obtaining reference data of a reference year, the reference data comprising reference straw burning area, reference crop area and reference straw burning ratio;

[0010] calculating the straw burning ratio of the region to be estimated according to the reference data and the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the region to be estimated.

[0011] Further, the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data at least comprises the longitude and latitude coordinates, the thermal radiation power and the spatial resolution of the satellite of the thermal anomaly point.

[0012] Further, the interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data is removed based on the space-time coupling criterion, comprising: obtaining a thermal anomaly point cluster area according to the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data using a spatial clustering method; calculating the number of thermal anomaly events in each cluster area within a preset time period and the time interval standard deviation of the thermal anomaly events, denoted as:

[0013] ,

[0014] wherein, N the number of thermal anomaly events, denotes the occurrence time of the nth thermal anomaly event, in days; n

[0015] The non-straw burning cluster area is identified according to the number of thermal anomaly events and the time interval standard deviation of the thermal anomaly events, and the data corresponding to the non-straw burning cluster area in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data is removed.

[0016] Further, the confidence function based on the fusion of thermal radiation rate and land cover is used to perform spatial matching on the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data to identify the straw burning fire point, comprising: mapping the coordinates of each thermal anomaly point remaining in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data after processing to the position of the corresponding pixel in the land cover data; extracting a land cover matrix in a pixel neighborhood window of a certain size centered on the corresponding pixel in the land cover data; calculating the farmland coverage rate in the pixel neighborhood window according to the land cover matrix; calculating the confidence of the current thermal anomaly point being a straw burning fire point according to the thermal radiation power of each thermal anomaly point and the corresponding farmland coverage rate, denoted as:

[0017]

[0018] wherein, P represents the farmland coverage rate, and respectively represent the minimum threshold and the maximum threshold of the farmland coverage rate, which can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, frp denotes the thermal radiation rate of the thermal anomaly point, ​, and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean of the thermal radiation rate distribution of the straw burning fire point, and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean of the thermal radiation rate distribution except for the straw burning fire point;

[0019] According to the confidence degree, the straw burning fire point is screened from the thermal anomaly points.

[0020] Further, the straw burning area of the straw burning fire point is calculated, including: the to-be-estimated region is grid partitioned, the coordinates of the straw burning fire point are mapped to grid indexes, and the straw burning area is calculated according to the grid indexes of all the straw burning fire points, and is represented as:

[0021]

[0022] wherein, to and te represent the start and end time of the straw concentrated burning period, wl represents the grid side length, lon,lat represents the coordinates of the straw burning fire point, represents the conversion of the coordinates to the grid indexes, k represents the crop type.

[0023] Further, the straw burning ratio of the to-be-estimated region is calculated according to the reference data and the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the to-be-estimated region, and is represented as:

[0024]

[0025] wherein, represents the to-be-estimated region i in the target year j of the crop k straw burning area, represents the to-be-estimated region i in the reference year o of the crop k reference straw burning area, represents the to-be-estimated region i in the reference year o of the crop k reference planting area, represents the to-be-estimated region i in the target year j of the crop k planting area, represents the to-be-estimated region i in the reference year o of the crop kThe straw burning proportion of the reference data.

[0026] The second aspect of the present application provides a device for estimating the straw burning proportion, comprising:

[0027] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of a region to be estimated.

[0028] A straw burning area calculation module is configured to identify a straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, and calculate a straw burning area of the straw burning fire point.

[0029] A reference data acquisition module is configured to acquire reference data of a reference year, wherein the reference data comprises a reference straw burning area, a reference crop area and a reference straw burning proportion.

[0030] A straw burning proportion estimation module is configured to calculate a straw burning proportion of a region to be estimated according to the reference data, the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the region to be estimated.

[0031] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning proportion according to any one of the embodiments.

[0032] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning proportion according to any one of the embodiments.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The method for estimating the straw burning proportion provided by the present application can accurately identify the straw burning fire point in the thermal anomaly point by comprehensively analyzing the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, and then calculate the straw burning area of the straw burning fire point, and further calculate the straw burning proportion of the region to be estimated in combination with the reference data, thereby improving the accuracy of the estimation result of the straw burning proportion and providing reliable support for subsequent management work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on these drawings.

[0036] figure 1 The flow chart of the method for estimating the straw burning ratio provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0037] figure 2 The schematic diagram of the device for estimating the straw burning ratio provided for the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] figure 3 The schematic diagram of the electronic device architecture provided for the embodiment 3 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0039] figure 4 The schematic diagram of the heat anomaly point processing effect provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0040] figure 5 The schematic diagram of the thermal radiation rate distribution provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0041] figure 6 The schematic diagram of the straw burning fire point identification result provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0042] figure 7 The schematic diagram of the straw burning ratio estimation result provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on these drawings.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] One specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, figure 1 , 4 A method for estimating the straw burning ratio, as shown in the figure, includes the following steps:

[0046] It should be noted that the straw burning ratio estimated by the present application refers to the open-air straw burning ratio.

[0047] S1. Obtain remote sensing data of thermal anomalies and land cover data for the area to be estimated.

[0048] In this embodiment, the remote sensing data of the thermal anomaly points includes at least the latitude and longitude coordinates of the thermal anomaly points, the thermal radiation power, and the spatial resolution of the satellite.

[0049] For example, thermal anomaly remote sensing data can be obtained by inverting thermal anomalies based on VIIRS satellite spectral data or by directly downloading NASA's FIRMS thermal anomaly product, and land cover data can be obtained using GLC30 data.

[0050] S2. Identify straw burning hotspots based on the remote sensing data of the thermal anomalies and land cover data, and calculate the straw burning area of ​​the hotspots.

[0051] In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes:

[0052] S201. Removing interfering data from the remote sensing data of the thermal anomalies based on the spatiotemporal coupling criterion includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Use spatial clustering methods to obtain the thermal anomaly clustering areas based on the remote sensing data of the thermal anomalies;

[0054] (2) Calculate the number of thermal anomalies in each cluster within a preset time period and the standard deviation of the time interval between thermal anomalies;

[0055] Specifically, a thermal anomaly event refers to the occurrence of at least one thermal anomaly point within the same cluster area on the same day, which is then considered a thermal anomaly event. The formula for calculating the standard deviation of the time interval of a thermal anomaly event is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] in, N Indicates the number of thermal anomaly events. Indicates the first n The timing of subthermal anomalies can be expressed in Julian days, with the unit being days. .

[0058] (3) Identify non-straw burning clusters based on the number of thermal anomaly events and the standard deviation of the time interval between thermal anomaly events;

[0059] Specifically, for any cluster of thermal anomalies, if both the number of thermal anomaly events and the standard deviation of the time interval between thermal anomaly events satisfy the following conditions: and If the area where the thermal anomaly is clustered is determined to be a non-straw burning cluster, then the thermal anomaly is considered interference data. a minimum threshold value representing a thermal anomaly event, a minimum threshold value representing a standard deviation of time interval of thermal anomaly event, both of which are set by human.

[0060] (4) Eliminate the data corresponding to non-straw burning aggregation area in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data.

[0061] Specifically, after identifying all non-straw burning aggregation areas, the thermal anomaly point interference data corresponding to the non-straw burning aggregation area is eliminated from the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data.

[0062] For example, as shown in the figure, figure 4 the gray part of the figure is farmland, the black part is other land cover types, the black box in the figure is the thermal anomaly point caused by straw burning, and the white box in the figure is the thermal anomaly point caused by non-straw burning.

[0063] S202, based on the confidence function of thermal radiation and land cover fusion, the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data are spatially matched to identify straw burning fire points, including:

[0064] (1) mapping the coordinates of each thermal anomaly point remaining in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data after processing to the position of the corresponding pixel in the land cover data;

[0065] For example, assuming that the coordinates of the thermal anomaly point are , and the land cover data is a grid map, the coordinates of the upper left corner are , the coordinates of the thermal anomaly point are mapped to the pixel: , b , and the resolution of the land cover data is

[0066] (2) extracting the land cover matrix in a pixel neighborhood window of a certain size centered on the corresponding pixel in the land cover data;

[0067] For example, extracting the land cover matrix in the window centered on the pixel .

[0068] (3) calculating the farmland coverage rate in the pixel neighborhood window according to the land cover matrix;

[0069] Specifically, the calculation formula of the farmland coverage rate is:

[0070] , wherein , crop indicates that the land cover type is farmland.

[0071] (4) calculating a confidence degree of the current thermal anomaly point being a straw burning fire point according to the thermal radiation power of each thermal anomaly point and the corresponding farmland coverage rate;

[0072] Specifically, the confidence degree calculation formula of the straw burning fire point is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] wherein, and respectively represent the minimum threshold and the maximum threshold of the farmland coverage rate, which can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, frp represents the thermal radiation rate of the thermal anomaly point, , and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean value of the thermal radiation rate distribution of the straw burning fire point, and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean value of the thermal radiation rate distribution of the thermal anomaly points other than the straw burning fire point, as shown in the distribution diagram of the thermal radiation rate frp of the straw burning fire point and other thermal anomaly points. figure 5

[0075] (5) screening the straw burning fire point from the thermal anomaly points according to the confidence degree.

[0076] Specifically, the thermal anomaly point with a confidence degree greater than a preset threshold is set as the straw burning fire point.

[0077] In some embodiments, after identifying the straw burning fire point, it further includes eliminating the fire points caused by urban expansion, factory construction and oil and gas well development, etc. in combination with the night light index data, specifically: performing logarithmic transformation on the night light index of the current year, performing Gaussian filtering for signal enhancement, then calculating the spatial gradient field through the Sobel operator, combining double-threshold segmentation and direction consistency verification, extracting the expanded urban area and industrial factory area, etc., and eliminating the fire points within the range.

[0078] For example, as shown in figure 6 , the left graph is the thermal anomaly point (blue point) data of a certain area in a certain year, and the right graph is the straw burning fire point (red point) identified through step S202.

[0079] S203, calculating the straw burning area of the straw burning fire point, comprising:

[0080] grid partitioning the to-be-estimated area, mapping the coordinates of the straw burning fire point to grid indexes, and calculating the straw burning area according to the grid indexes of all the straw burning fire points, represented as:

[0081]

[0082] ​wherein, to and te denotes the start and end time of the straw concentrated burning period, wl denotes the grid side length, lon,lat denotes the coordinates of the straw burning fire point, denotes the conversion of coordinates to grid index, k denotes the crop type.

[0083] In some embodiments, considering the influence of cloud coverage on the straw burning area, cloud coverage data correction is introduced, specifically: when the to-be-estimated region is partitioned by grid, the grid side length is determined in combination with the range of the study area, the fire point density and the cloud distribution characteristics, to ensure the effectiveness of cloud coverage area statistics within a single grid and the requirement of space variation representation of the burning event; based on the historical fire point monitoring data and the straw burning concentrated period within a year, the peak period of burning is further selected, usually the change of fire points within the peak period conforms to the normal distribution rule or the characteristics of quadratic function change, the window of the peak period can be determined in combination with the curve characteristics; the relationship among the straw burning area, the year and the cloud coverage rate of the crop within the peak period is statistically analyzed year by year, and a corresponding correction function is established, which does not limit the form of the correction function here.

[0084] S3, obtaining reference data of a reference year, the reference data including a reference straw burning area, a reference crop area and a reference straw burning ratio.

[0085] S4, calculating a straw burning ratio of the to-be-estimated region according to the reference data and the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the to-be-estimated region.

[0086] Specifically, the calculation of the straw burning ratio of the to-be-estimated region according to the reference data and the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the to-be-estimated region is represented as:

[0087]

[0088] wherein, denotes the to-be-estimated region i in the target year j of the crop k straw burning area, denotes the to-be-estimated region i in the reference year o of the crop k reference straw burning area, denotes the to-be-estimated region i in the reference year o of the crop k reference planting area, denotes the to-be-estimated region i in the target year j of the cropk planting area of the crop, indicates a region to be estimated i in a base year o of the crop k of the base straw burning ratio.

[0089] In some embodiments, the region to be estimated i It is difficult to obtain the base data or it is impossible to conduct field investigation, and the region adjacent in geographical position and similar in crop planting structure Similar calculation is performed, which is indicated as: .

[0090] As shown in figure 7 , taking a province in 2012 as a base year, the method provided in the embodiment is used to estimate the straw burning ratio in the subsequent 11 years.

[0091] Compared with the prior art, the method for estimating the straw burning ratio provided in the embodiment accurately identifies the straw burning fire points in the thermal anomaly points by comprehensively analyzing the space-time distribution and thermal radiation characteristics of the straw burning, combining the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, then calculating the straw burning area of the straw burning fire points, and then combining the base data to calculate the straw burning ratio of the region to be estimated, thereby improving the accuracy and updating frequency of the estimation result of the straw burning ratio, and providing reliable support for subsequent management work.

[0092] Embodiment 2

[0093] The embodiment provides a device for estimating a straw burning ratio, as shown in figure 2 , comprising:

[0094] a data acquisition module configured to acquire thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of a region to be estimated;

[0095] a straw burning area calculation module configured to identify a straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, and calculate a straw burning area of the straw burning fire point; wherein the identification of the straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data comprises: removing interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on a space-time coupling criterion; and performing spatial matching on the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on a confidence function of thermal radiation and land cover fusion to identify the straw burning fire point;

[0096] a base data acquisition module configured to acquire base data in a base year, the base data comprising a base straw burning area, a base crop area and a base straw burning ratio;

[0097] The straw burning proportion estimation module is configured to calculate the straw burning proportion of the region to be estimated according to the reference data and the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the region to be estimated.

[0098] Embodiment 3

[0099] The embodiment provides an electronic device, such as figure 3 As shown in the figure, the electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning proportion according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0100] Embodiment 4

[0101] The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning proportion according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0102] The computer readable storage medium includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and can be realized by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. According to the definition herein, computer readable media does not include transitory computer readable media, such as modulated data signals and carriers.

[0103] Those skilled in the art should further realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the examples have been described in the above description in a general manner. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0104] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module can reside in RAM, flash memory, ROM, electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. The storage medium can be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium can be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC.

[0105] The specific implementation described above is further explained in connection with the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of estimating the proportion of straw burning, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of a region to be estimated; based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, identifying a straw burning fire point, and calculating a straw burning area of the straw burning fire point; wherein, the identification of the straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data comprises: removing interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on a space-time coupling criterion; and performing spatial matching on the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on a confidence function of thermal radiation rate and land cover fusion to identify the straw burning fire point; wherein, the removal of the interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on the space-time coupling criterion comprises: using a spatial clustering method to acquire a thermal anomaly point aggregation area according to the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data; calculating a number of thermal anomaly events in each aggregation area within a preset time period and a time interval standard deviation of the occurrence of the thermal anomaly events, denoted as: ， wherein, N represents the number of thermal anomaly events, represents the occurrence time of the first n thermal anomaly event, in days; identifying a non-straw burning aggregation area according to the number of thermal anomaly events and the time interval standard deviation of the occurrence of the thermal anomaly events; and removing data corresponding to the non-straw burning aggregation area in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data; the spatial matching of the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on the confidence function of the thermal radiation rate and the land cover fusion to identify the straw burning fire point comprises: mapping coordinates of each thermal anomaly point remaining in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data after processing to a position of a corresponding pixel in the land cover data; extracting a land cover matrix in a pixel neighborhood window of a specific size in the land cover data with the corresponding pixel as the center; calculating a farmland coverage rate in the pixel neighborhood window according to the land cover matrix; and calculating a confidence degree of a current thermal anomaly point being a straw burning fire point according to a thermal radiation power of each thermal anomaly point and the corresponding farmland coverage rate, denoted as: wherein P denotes a farmland coverage rate, and denote a lower threshold value and an upper threshold value of the farmland coverage rate, respectively, frp denotes a thermal emissivity of a thermal anomaly point, , and denote a standard deviation and a mean value of a thermal emissivity distribution of a straw burning fire point, respectively, and denote a standard deviation and a mean value of a thermal emissivity distribution except for the straw burning fire point, respectively. screening the straw burning fire point from the thermal anomaly points according to the confidence degree; acquiring reference data of a reference year, the reference data comprising a reference straw burning area, a reference crop area and a reference straw burning ratio; calculating a straw burning ratio of the region to be estimated according to the reference data, the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the region to be estimated.

2. The method of estimating the proportion of straw burning according to claim 1, characterized by, The thermal anomaly point remote sensing data at least comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of a thermal anomaly point, a thermal radiation power and a spatial resolution of a satellite.

3. The method of estimating the proportion of straw burning according to claim 1, characterized by, The calculation of the straw burning area of the straw burning fire point comprises: mapping the coordinates of the straw burning fire points to grid indexes by grid partitioning the region to be estimated; and calculating the straw burning area according to the grid indexes of all the straw burning fire points, denoted as: wherein, to and te denotes the start and end time of the concentrated straw burning period, wl denotes the grid side length, lon,lat denotes the coordinates of the straw burning fire point, denotes the conversion of coordinates to grid index, k denotes the crop type.

4. The method of estimating the proportion of straw burning according to claim 3, characterized by, The calculation of the straw burning ratio of the region to be estimated according to the reference data, the straw burning area and the crop planting area of the region to be estimated is denoted as: wherein represents a region to be estimated i in the target year j of the crop k of the straw burning area, represents a region to be estimated i in the reference year o of the crop k of the reference straw burning area, represents a region to be estimated i in the reference year o of the crop k of the reference planting area, represents a region to be estimated i in the target year j of the crop k of the planting area, represents a region to be estimated i in the reference year o of the crop k of the reference straw burning ratio.

5. A device for estimating the proportion of straw burning, characterized in that, The device comprises: a data acquisition module configured to acquire thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and land cover data of a region to be estimated; The straw burning area calculation module is configured to identify a straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data, and calculate a straw burning area of the straw burning fire point; wherein the identification of the straw burning fire point based on the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data comprises: removing interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on a space-time coupling criterion; and performing spatial matching on the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on a confidence function of thermal radiation rate and land cover fusion, to identify the straw burning fire point. The removal of the interference data in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data based on the space-time coupling criterion comprises: The space clustering method is used to obtain a thermal anomaly point aggregation area according to the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data; the number of thermal anomaly events in each aggregation area within a preset time period and the time interval standard deviation of the thermal anomaly events are calculated, and are represented as: ， wherein, N represents the number of thermal abnormality events, represents the occurrence time of the first thermal abnormality event in days, n represents the occurrence time of the nth thermal abnormality event in days, represents the average value of the time interval of the occurrence of thermal abnormality events; The non-straw burning aggregation area is identified according to the number of thermal anomaly events and the time interval standard deviation of the thermal anomaly events; and the data corresponding to the non-straw burning aggregation area in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data is removed. The spatial matching of the processed thermal anomaly point remote sensing data and the land cover data based on the confidence function of thermal radiation rate and land cover fusion to identify the straw burning fire point comprises: The coordinates of each thermal anomaly point remaining in the thermal anomaly point remote sensing data after processing are mapped to the positions of corresponding pixels in the land cover data; a land cover matrix in a pixel neighborhood window of a specific size is extracted in the land cover data with the corresponding pixel as the center; the farmland coverage rate in the pixel neighborhood window is calculated according to the land cover matrix; and the confidence degree of the current thermal anomaly point being a straw burning fire point is calculated according to the thermal radiation power of each thermal anomaly point and the corresponding farmland coverage rate, and is represented as: Wherein, P represents the farmland coverage rate, and respectively represent the minimum threshold and the maximum threshold of the farmland coverage rate, which can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, frp represents the thermal radiation rate of the thermal anomaly point, , represents frp the likelihood probability density, and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean of the thermal radiation rate distribution of the straw burning fire point, and respectively represent the standard deviation and the mean of the thermal radiation rate distribution except for the straw burning fire point. The straw burning fire point is screened from the thermal anomaly points according to the confidence degree. The reference data acquisition module is configured to acquire reference data of a reference year, wherein the reference data comprises a reference straw burning area, a reference crop area and a reference straw burning ratio. The straw burning ratio estimation module is configured to calculate a straw burning ratio of a region to be estimated according to the reference data, and a straw burning area and a crop planting area of the region to be estimated.

6. An electronic device, comprising: The device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program, which is executed by the processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning ratio according to any one of claims 1-4.

7. A storage medium, characterized by The device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program, which is executed by the processor to implement the method for estimating the straw burning ratio according to any one of claims 1-4.

Images