Method and system for calculating optimal proportion of converter steel reclaimed materials based on heat balance

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for calculating the optimal proportion of converter steel reclaimed materials based on heat balance, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, analyzing the element content in molten iron, respectively calculating the heat released by the oxidation of each element in the molten iron, and calculating the heat generated by a converter based on the heat released by the oxidation of each element in the molten iron; s2, the heat needed by heating the waste steel to the melting point, the melting latent heat needed by melting the waste steel and the heat needed by rising the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature are calculated correspondingly, and the converter consumed heat is calculated based on the heat needed by heating the waste steel to the melting point, the melting latent heat needed by melting the waste steel and the heat needed by rising the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature; and S3, calculating recycled materials required for enabling the heat consumed by the converter to be equal to the heat generated by the converter. Excess heat of the converter is utilized to the maximum extent, and the recovery capacity of iron-containing waste of the converter is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular, especially relates to a method and system for optimizing the proportioning of converter steel and iron recycling materials based on heat balance calculation. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the control of converter steelmaking cost is particularly important. As the first process of steelmaking plant, converter smelting accounts for 80% of the steelmaking cost, and reducing the cost of converter will greatly reduce the production cost. A large amount of iron-containing dust, continuous casting cutting slag, slag steel and other iron-containing materials are produced in the process of steelmaking and continuous casting. After adding these iron-containing materials to the converter, the iron elements can be recovered through process optimization, and the discharge of waste and the consumption of converter steel materials can be reduced. The recycling of desulfurization slag iron, converter slag channel slag steel, cutting slag and other iron-containing materials in the converter has a series of problems to be solved, such as the influence on the tapping temperature of the converter, the influence on the final composition of the converter, the influence on the stability of the operation process of the converter, etc., which are worthy of further study.

[0003] In response to the above problems, metallurgical workers have conducted a lot of research. In 2014, China Metallurgy 12, "Application of iron-containing oxides in 80t converter smelting" detailed the use of sintered return fines, recycled slag steel and other oxides as slag-making auxiliary materials and coolant technology in the process of converter smelting. The results showed that sintered return fines and slag steel had strong cooling effect as a cooling agent for the converter, and were beneficial to the slag formation in the early stage of smelting. Iron-containing oxides could reduce the consumption of oxygen and steel materials, and the blowing process was easy to adjust. The blowing end had no obvious influence on the oxidation of the final slag. In 2021, No. 4 issue of Ansteel Technology, "Application of desulfurization slag iron in steelmaking production" introduced the use of desulfurization slag iron in the converter by Ansteel Group's Lianyuan Steelmaking Department. According to the different requirements of the sulfur content of the finished steel, measures such as grading addition of desulfurization slag iron during converter smelting and sufficient desulfurization at the argon station were taken. After the implementation of the technology, the sulfur content of the finished product was controlled within 0.010%, the pollution of the desulfurization slag iron discharge to the ecological environment was reduced, and the comprehensive production cost was reduced. In 2007, No. 4 issue of Steelmaking, "Application analysis of slag steel in converter steelmaking" introduced the process technology of directly adding slag steel instead of scrap steel in the converter by No. 2 Steelmaking of Jigang. Compared with molten iron and scrap steel, the molten steel yield of slag steel was reduced by 12.91%~13.61%. The steel material consumption of slag steel was 1247~1267kg / t. The smelting cost of slag steel instead of scrap steel was reduced by 4.12 yuan / t. In 2017, No. 9 issue of China Metallurgy, "Optimization of converter process in Baotou Steel Plant" introduced the technical difficulties and measures faced by the converter when adding iron-containing dust, continuous casting cutting slag, slag steel and other iron-containing materials. Difficulty one: smelting with slag steel in the converter, the slag is viscous and foamy during the blowing process, and spattering is easy to occur. Difficulty two: difficult to control the end point, the number of point blowing increases. The corresponding measures are: adopting "double slag + slag retention" operation and optimizing the bottom blowing gas intensity, which can finally realize the stable operation of the converter smelting process and greatly reduce the consumption of steel materials in the converter.

[0004] The above research work has certain introduction on the recycling difficulty of iron-containing waste in the converter and the corresponding measures, but there is no specific executable technical method on how to optimize the adding amount of iron-containing waste, fully utilize the converter waste heat, and meet the converter end composition and temperature control. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method and system for calculating the optimal proportioning of converter steel and iron recycling materials based on heat balance, to solve the technical problem that the prior art does not provide a specific method for optimizing the adding amount of iron-containing waste.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0007] A method for calculating the optimal proportioning of converter steel and iron recycling materials based on heat balance, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, obtaining the element content, material parameters and production process parameters of the molten iron to be tested, calculating the heat released by the oxidation of each element in the molten iron based on the element content, material parameters and production process parameters of the molten iron to be tested, and calculating the heat generated by the converter based on the heat released by the oxidation of each element in the molten iron;

[0009] S2, calculating the heat required for heating scrap steel to the melting point, the latent heat required for melting scrap steel, and the heat required for raising the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature, respectively, and calculating the heat consumed by the converter based on the heat required for heating scrap steel to the melting point, the latent heat required for melting scrap steel, and the heat required for raising the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature;

[0010] S3, calculating the recycling material required to make the heat consumed by the converter equal to the heat generated by the converter, which is the optimal proportioning of the recycling material.

[0011] Further, the content of iron oxide in slag steel is 10%, and 20 kg of slag is generated per ton of steel;

[0012] The iron oxidation rate is constant, and the generated iron oxide during the melting of scrap steel is one-third of the whole blowing process;

[0013] The specific heat and melting point of slag steel, tundish scrap steel and ordinary scrap steel are the same, and the specific heat and melting point of pig iron and hot-pressed iron are the same;

[0014] The proportion of carbon generating carbon monoxide is 90%.

[0015] Further, in S1, the elements in the molten iron include silicon, manganese, phosphorus, iron and carbon;

[0016] The heat released by the oxidation of silicon is the mass of the reaction silicon x (-24.4 MJ / kg);

[0017] The heat released by manganese oxidation is the reaction manganese mass x (-5.34 MJ / kg);

[0018] The heat released by phosphorus oxidation is the reaction phosphorus mass x (-23.8 MJ / kg);

[0019] The heat released by iron oxidation is the reaction iron mass x (-2.49 MJ / kg);

[0020] The heat released by carbon oxidation is the reaction carbon mass x (-3.4 MJ / kg);

[0021] The heat generated by the converter is the sum of the heat released by silicon oxidation, the heat released by manganese oxidation, the heat released by phosphorus oxidation, the heat released by iron oxidation, and the heat released by carbon oxidation.

[0022] Further, the specific steps in S2 are as follows:

[0023] The heat required for the scrap steel to be heated to the melting point is:

[0024]

[0025] The melting latent heat required for the scrap steel to be melted is:

[0026] ΔH 2(渣钢) = slag steel weight (kg) x 250

[0027] ΔH 2(渣铁) = slag iron weight (kg) x 269.55

[0028] The heat required for the material temperature to rise to the steelmaking temperature is:

[0029]

[0030] The total heat required for melting is:

[0031] ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 + ΔH3.

[0032] Further, in S3, the recycling material is one of slag steel, slag iron, and cutting waste;

[0033] When the weight of the recycling material slag steel is sought, the weights of slag iron and cutting waste are 0;

[0034] When the weight of the recycling material slag iron is sought, the weights of slag steel and cutting waste are 0;

[0035] When the weight of the recycling material cutting waste is sought, the weights of slag steel and slag iron are 0;

[0036] According to the heat formula required by waste steel heating to the melting point, the melting latent heat formula required by waste steel melting, and the heat formula required by material temperature rising to the steelmaking temperature, the weight of the recycled material is calculated.

[0037] A system for calculating optimal proportioning of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance, to realize any one of the above methods for calculating optimal proportioning of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance, comprising:

[0038] A data input module for receiving input basic data, including hot metal composition data, material parameter data, and production process parameters;

[0039] The hot metal composition data includes the mass content of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, and iron;

[0040] The material parameter data includes the specific heat, melting point, and melting latent heat of slag steel, tundish waste steel, ordinary waste steel, pig iron, and hot pressed iron;

[0041] The production process parameters include the initial temperature of hot metal, target endpoint temperature, iron oxide content in slag, and slag production per ton of steel;

[0042] A heat generation calculation module for calculating converter heat generation based on the basic data, including silicon oxidation heat, manganese oxidation heat, phosphorus oxidation heat, iron oxidation heat, and carbon oxidation heat;

[0043] A heat consumption calculation module for calculating heat consumption, including waste steel warming heat, melting latent heat, and material warming heat to the steelmaking temperature;

[0044] A proportioning optimization module for adjusting the types and mass combinations of steel recycling materials, calculating converter heat generation under different proportioning, and comparing the converter heat generation with the heat consumption;

[0045] When the absolute value difference between the converter heat generation and the heat consumption is less than or equal to a set error threshold, output the current proportioning scheme as the optimal scheme;

[0046] An output module for displaying the heat balance calculation results, including element oxidation heat generation and material heat consumption, and outputting the optimal steel recycling material proportioning scheme, which includes specific mass parameters of slag steel, waste steel, and pig iron.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0048] The present application provides scientific theoretical support for the addition of converter steel recycling materials by establishing a quantitative calculation method. This method can accurately calculate the optimal addition amount of recycling materials (such as waste steel, waste slag, etc.) according to the composition and temperature of the hot metal entering the converter, as well as the outlet temperature and composition control requirements of the converter, filling the gap in the prior art where there is a lack of specific executable methods.

[0049] Under the premise of meeting the converter endpoint temperature and composition control requirements, the present application can fully utilize the excess heat of the converter to achieve efficient recycling of iron-containing waste, i.e. recycled materials. By accurately calculating the amount of addition, the consumption of steel materials is minimized, significantly improving resource utilization.

[0050] By optimizing the addition scheme of iron-containing waste, the present application can effectively reduce the consumption of steel materials during the converter production process, thereby significantly reducing production costs. At the same time, this method avoids energy waste or composition out of control due to improper addition, further improving production efficiency.

[0051] The calculation method provided by the present application has high flexibility, which can dynamically adjust the addition scheme of iron-containing waste according to different molten iron composition, temperature and process requirements of the converter. This makes the converter production process more adaptable to complex working conditions, enhancing the adaptability and stability of the process.

[0052] The present application optimizes the recycling of iron-containing waste, reduces waste emissions, and reduces dependence on primary iron ore, thereby promoting the green development of the steel industry. This not only conforms to the concept of sustainable development, but also provides a more competitive environmental solution for steel enterprises.

[0053] By accurately calculating the amount of iron-containing waste addition, the present application can ensure the stability of the converter endpoint composition and temperature, avoiding composition fluctuations or temperature out of control due to improper addition. This helps to improve product quality, reduce scrap rate, and improve overall production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0055] Figure 1 The method flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application scheme, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] It is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like, used in the description and the claims of the application and the above drawings, are used to distinguish between similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of the terms so construed can be interchanged, where appropriate, to refer to an embodiment of the application described herein in other than the order described. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "include", and variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, systems, products, or devices that comprise, include, or are otherwise including a list of steps or elements can include not only those steps or elements that are expressly listed, but also other steps or elements that are not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0058] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a method for calculating the optimal proportion of converter steel scrap based on heat balance, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1, analyzing the element content in molten iron, respectively calculating the heat released by the oxidation of each element in molten iron, and calculating the heat generated by the converter based on the heat released by the oxidation of each element in molten iron;

[0060] S2, respectively calculating the heat required for scrap steel to heat to melting point, the latent heat required for scrap steel to melt, and the heat required for material temperature to rise to steelmaking temperature, and calculating the heat consumed by the converter based on the heat required for scrap steel to heat to melting point, the latent heat required for scrap steel to melt, and the heat required for material temperature to rise to steelmaking temperature;

[0061] S3, calculating the required scrap for the heat consumed by the converter to equal the heat generated by the converter.

[0062] The basic assumption conditions of the converter heat balance calculation are:

[0063] The heat required for converter smelting is all the heat released by the oxidation of chemical elements in molten iron. According to the oxygen potential diagram, silicon and manganese elements are oxidized before carbon in the early stage of blowing, and it can be considered that the oxidation of carbon begins after the complete oxidation of silicon and manganese, and during this period, the oxidation of phosphorus and iron also occurs. During the oxidation process of carbon element, 90% of the product is carbon monoxide and the rest is carbon dioxide according to experience.

[0064] According to the above analysis, the heat supply process of converter smelting can be divided into several parts:

[0065] (1) Heat generated by complete oxidation of silicon, manganese and phosphorus in the early stage

[0066] (2) Heat provided by carbon oxidation

[0067] (3) Heat provided by partial iron oxidation

[0068] For the convenience of calculation, the following assumptions are made:

[0069] (1) The content of iron oxide in slag is assumed to be 10%, and 20 kg of slag is produced per ton of steel;

[0070] (2) The oxidation rate of iron is constant, and the iron oxide produced during the melting of scrap steel is one-third of the total amount of iron oxide produced during the whole blowing process;

[0071] (3) The specific heat and melting point of slag steel, scrap steel, and ordinary scrap steel are assumed to be the same, and the specific heat and melting point of pig iron and hot-pressed iron are also assumed to be the same;

[0072] (4) 90% of carbon is assumed to be carbon monoxide.

[0073] Calculation method of heat generated by converter: calculated according to the element content of molten iron and its mass molar number.

[0074] Table 1: Element content of molten iron and its mass molar number

[0075]

[0076] (1) The heat released by silicon oxidation, reaction silicon mass (kg) x (-24.4)

[0077] (2) The heat released by manganese oxidation, reaction manganese mass (kg) x (-5.34)

[0078] (3) The heat released by phosphorus oxidation, reaction phosphorus mass (kg) x (-23.8)

[0079] (4) The heat released by iron oxidation, reaction iron mass (kg) x (-2.49)

[0080] (5) The heat released by oxidation of 1 kg of carbon is 0.9 x (-2) + 0.1 x (-16) = -3.4 (MJ), so the heat released by carbon oxidation, reaction carbon mass (kg) x (-3.4).

[0081] Calculation method of heat consumption of converter: the heat consumption of converter smelting mainly includes the heating of molten metal, the melting of scrap steel, and the heating of slag steel and other iron-containing recycled materials. Table 2 shows the basic parameters required for heat consumption model calculation, and formulas (1)-(3) are the calculation methods of heat consumption.

[0082] Table 2: Specific heat, melting point, and latent heat of melting of recycled slag steel

[0083]

[0084] (The above data are reference values, with Q235 steel as reference, and iron as reference for pig iron)

[0085] (1) The heat required to heat scrap steel to the melting point:

[0086]

[0087] (2) The heat required to melt scrap steel

[0088] ΔH 2(渣钢) = weight of slag steel (kg) x 250

[0089] ΔH 2(渣铁) = weight of slag iron (kg) x 269.55

[0090] (3) The heat required to raise the temperature of molten iron and other materials to the steelmaking temperature

[0091]

[0092] The total heat required for melting is the sum of the above: ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 + ΔH3.

[0093] Method for calculating optimal addition scheme of converter steel scrap:

[0094] According to the temperature and composition of the molten iron entering the converter, combined with the end temperature and composition requirements of the converter, the heat generated by the converter smelting is calculated ΔH (转炉产生热量) , according to the actual production, the heat consumption required when the type and mass of the converter steel scrap are different ΔH (转炉消耗热量) , when ΔH (转炉产生热量) = ΔH (转炉消耗热量) , the addition scheme of the converter steel scrap is the optimal.

[0095] A system for calculating the optimal proportioning of converter steel scrap based on heat balance, comprising:

[0096] Data input module:

[0097] Receiving user input basic data, including:

[0098] Molten iron composition data: mass content of carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe);

[0099] Material parameter data: specific heat, melting point, and latent heat of melting of slag steel, tundish scrap, ordinary scrap, pig iron, hot pressed iron, etc. (see Table 1);

[0100] Production process parameters: initial temperature of molten iron, target end temperature, iron oxide content in slag (default 10%), slag production per ton of steel (default 20 kg).

[0101] Heat generation calculation module;

[0102] Based on the basic assumptions of converter heat balance (such as the order of element oxidation, the proportion of CO / CO2 generation), the heat generation is calculated by the following algorithm:

[0103] Silicon oxidation heat: Si oxidation heat = Si mass x (-24.4 MJ / kg);

[0104] Manganese oxidation heat: Mn oxidation heat = Mn mass x (-5.34 MJ / kg);

[0105] Phosphorus oxidation heat: P oxidation heat = P mass x (-23.8 MJ / kg);

[0106] Iron oxidation heat: Fe oxidation heat = Fe oxidation mass x (-2.49 MJ / kg);

[0107] Carbon oxidation heat: C oxidation heat = C mass x (-3.4 MJ / kg) (calculated as 90% CO, 10% CO2);

[0108] Total heat production: ΔH production = Si oxidation heat + Mn oxidation heat + P oxidation heat + Fe oxidation heat + C oxidation heat.

[0109] Heat consumption calculation module;

[0110] According to the material heating and melting requirements, the heat consumption is calculated:

[0111] Scrap heating heat: ΔH1 = material mass x specific heat x (melting point - initial temperature);

[0112] Melting latent heat: ΔH2 = material mass x melting latent heat;

[0113] Material heating to steelmaking temperature heat: ΔH3 = material mass x specific heat x (target endpoint temperature - molten iron temperature);

[0114] Total heat consumption: ΔH consumption = ΔH1 + ΔH2 + ΔH3.

[0115] Proportion optimization module;

[0116] Using iterative algorithm, adjust the type and mass combination of steel and iron recycling materials;

[0117] Calculate ΔH consumption under different proportions, and compare with ΔH production;

[0118] When |ΔH production - ΔH consumption| ≤ set error threshold, output the current proportion scheme as the optimal scheme.

[0119] Output module;

[0120] Display the heat balance calculation results, including the heat generated by the oxidation of each element and the heat consumed by each type of material;

[0121] Output the optimal steel scrap ratio scheme, including the specific quality parameters of slag steel, scrap steel, pig iron and other materials.

[0122] Embodiment

[0123] Taking a 300-ton converter of a certain steel plant as an example, combined with the actual production of Q235 steel, the provided method is applied to calculate the reasonable loading amount of iron-containing recovery materials such as slag steel:

[0124] To simplify the calculation, the following assumptions are made:

[0125] The steel and iron in the waste slag steel and slag iron are calculated at 100%;

[0126] The amount of steel slag is calculated at 20 kg per ton of steel slag, and the total amount of molten steel is calculated based on the amount of molten iron loading;

[0127] It is assumed that the converter is a closed system, and other heat and material losses are not considered;

[0128] The steelmaking temperature is 1600℃, and the iron oxidation amount is 10%;

[0129] According to the above content, the relevant data and operation formula are programmed into the EXCEL table to calculate the limit loading amount of slag steel, desulfurization slag iron and cutting scrap steel, and the results are shown in Tables 3-5:

[0130] Table 3 Slag steel addition amount calculation result table

[0131]

[0132] Table 3 shows that the carbon extraction endpoint steelmaking temperature is 1600℃, the element oxidation amount in the converter is calculated according to the actual average data, and the molten iron loading amount is calculated at 244 tons according to the actual average data. When other metal materials and slag materials are not considered, through heat balance calculation, the limit loading amount of slag steel is 26035 kg. Considering the heat absorption of other slag materials in the converter, the heat absorption of continuous temperature rise to the tapping temperature, and the heat loss of the converter, the actual oxidized iron content is ≥10%

[0133] Table 4 Desulfurization slag iron addition amount calculation result table

[0134]

[0135] Table 4 shows that under the current heat balance condition, the maximum amount of desulfurization slag iron that can be added is 24370 kg;

[0136] Table 5 Cutting scrap steel addition amount calculation result table

[0137]

[0138] Table 5 shows that under the current heat balance condition, the maximum amount of cutting scrap steel that can be added is 26744 kg.

[0139] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the optimal ratio of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Obtaining the element content, material parameters, and production process parameters in the molten iron to be tested, calculating the heat released by oxidation of each element in the molten iron based on the element content, material parameters, and production process parameters, and calculating the heat generated by the converter based on the heat released by oxidation of each element in the molten iron; S2. Calculate the heat required to heat the scrap steel to its melting point, the latent heat of fusion required to melt the scrap steel, and the heat required to raise the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature. Calculate the heat consumption of the converter based on the heat required to heat the scrap steel to its melting point, the latent heat of fusion required to melt the scrap steel, and the heat required to raise the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature. S3. Calculate the recycled material required to make the heat consumed by the converter equal to the heat generated by the converter. The recycled material at this time is the optimized ratio of the recycled material.

2. The method for calculating the optimal ratio of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron oxide content in slag steel is 10%, and 20 kg of slag is produced for every ton of steel; The iron oxidation rate remains constant, and the iron oxide produced during scrap melting accounts for one-third of the total iron oxide produced during the blowing process. The specific heat and melting point of slag steel, tundish scrap steel and ordinary scrap steel are the same, and the specific heat and melting point of pig iron and hot-pressed iron are the same; The ratio of carbon to carbon monoxide is 90%.

3. The method for calculating the optimal ratio of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the elements in the molten iron include silicon, manganese, phosphorus, iron, and carbon; The heat released by silicon oxidation is the mass of reacting silicon × (-24.4 MJ / kg); The heat released by manganese oxidation is the mass of reacting manganese × (-5.34MJ / kg); The heat released by phosphorus oxidation is the mass of phosphorus reacted × (-23.8 MJ / kg); The heat released by iron oxidation is the mass of reacting iron × (-2.49 MJ / kg); The heat released by carbon oxidation is the mass of reacting carbon × (-3.4 MJ / kg); The heat generated by the converter is the sum of the heat released by silicon oxidation, the heat released by manganese oxidation, the heat released by phosphorus oxidation, the heat released by iron oxidation, and the heat released by carbon oxidation.

4. The method for calculating the optimal ratio of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps in S2 are as follows: The heat required to heat scrap steel to its melting point is: The latent heat of fusion required to melt scrap steel is: ΔH 2(渣钢) = Slag steel weight (kg) ×250 ΔH 2(渣铁) = Slag iron weight (kg) ×269.55 The heat required to raise the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature is: The total heat required for melting is: ΔH=ΔH1+ΔH2+ΔH3.

5. The method for calculating the optimal ratio of converter steel recycling materials based on heat balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the recycled material is one of slag steel, slag iron, and cutting waste; When calculating the weight of recycled slag steel, the weight of slag iron and cutting waste is 0; When calculating the weight of recycled slag iron, the weight of slag steel and cutting waste is 0; When calculating the weight of the recycled cutting scrap, the weight of slag steel and slag iron is 0; The weight of the recycled material is calculated based on the formula for the heat required to heat the scrap steel to its melting point, the formula for the latent heat of fusion required to melt the scrap steel, and the formula for the heat required to raise the material temperature to the steelmaking temperature.

6. A system for calculating the optimal proportion of recycled converter steel based on heat balance, for implementing the method for calculating the optimal proportion of recycled converter steel based on heat balance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The data input module is used to receive input basic data, including molten iron composition data, material parameter data and production process parameters; The molten iron composition data include the mass content of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and iron; Material parameter data include specific heat, melting point, and latent heat of fusion of slag steel, tundish scrap steel, ordinary scrap steel, pig iron, and hot-pressed iron; Production process parameters include initial molten iron temperature, target endpoint temperature, iron oxide content in slag, and slag production per ton of steel; The heat generation calculation module is used to calculate the heat generated by the converter based on basic data. The heat generated by the converter includes silicon oxidation heat, manganese oxidation heat, phosphorus oxidation heat, iron oxidation heat, and carbon oxidation heat; Heat consumption calculation module, used to calculate heat consumption, including scrap steel heating heat, melting latent heat, and material heating to steelmaking temperature; A mix optimization module is used to adjust the type and quality of recycled steel materials, calculate the heat generated by the converter under different mixes, and compare the heat generated by the converter with the heat consumption; When the difference between the absolute value of the heat generated by the converter and the heat consumption is less than or equal to the set error threshold, the current ratio scheme is output as the optimal scheme; The output module displays the results of heat balance calculations, including the heat generated by oxidation of each element and the heat consumed by various materials; it also outputs the optimal steel recycling material ratio scheme, which includes the specific quality parameters of slag steel, scrap steel, and pig iron.

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