Meteorological-driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a meteorological-driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method and system, and relates to the field of pollutant migration simulation, and the method comprises the steps: determining a plurality of environment media of a simulation region; determining a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation area based on the plurality of environmental media of the simulation area; acquiring meteorological data of the simulation area; correcting a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation area based on the meteorological data of the simulation area; establishing a multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation area based on the plurality of corrected key input parameters; the multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation area is solved, pollutant simulation concentration distribution of each environment medium is determined, and the method has the advantage that dynamic fate simulation of pollutants in various environment media is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pollutant migration simulation, in particular to a meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous advancement of industrialization and urbanization, various pollutants continue to accumulate and interact in environmental media such as atmosphere, water body, soil, etc., which seriously threatens the safety of the ecological system and human health. In order to study the migration and fate behavior of pollutants in multi-medium environment, the fugacity model as an important environmental pre-evaluation and risk analysis tool has been widely used in the simulation of pollutant distribution and transfer path. Existing multi-medium fugacity models mainly include Level III steady-state model and Level IV dynamic model. The Level III model assumes that the system is in a steady state, which is suitable for analyzing the fate of the final distribution of pollutants in each medium; the Level IV model considers the time variable, which can simulate the change process of pollutant concentration with time, and is more suitable for dynamic prediction under complex environmental scenarios.

[0003] The existing multi-medium pollutant simulation technology has the problem of insufficient consideration of meteorological factors. In actual environment, the migration and transformation of pollutants are highly dependent on the dynamic changes of temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation and other meteorological conditions, while the traditional fugacity model mostly uses fixed parameters or simplified processing, which cannot accurately reflect the dynamic behavior of pollutants under changing meteorological conditions. These problems limit the application effect of the existing model in regional environmental management and pollution control strategy formulation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method and system for realizing dynamic fate simulation of pollutants in various environmental media. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method, comprising: determining a plurality of environmental media of a simulation region; determining a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the plurality of environmental media of the simulation region; obtaining meteorological data of the simulation region; correcting the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the meteorological data of the simulation region; establishing a multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation region based on the corrected plurality of key input parameters; solving the multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation region to determine the simulated concentration distribution of pollutants in each environmental medium.

[0006] Further, the plurality of environmental media of the simulation region at least includes air medium, water body, soil and sediment.

[0007] Further, the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region at least include the basic physical parameters, environmental migration parameters, fugacity capacity and interphase migration parameters of each environmental medium.

[0008] Further, the meteorological data of the simulation region at least include temperature, humidity and solar radiation intensity; based on the meteorological data of the simulation region, the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region are corrected, including: based on the temperature, the pollutant diffusion coefficient is corrected; based on the temperature, the pollutant chemical reaction half-life is corrected; based on the temperature and the solar radiation intensity, the saturated vapor pressure is corrected; based on the temperature, the solubility equilibrium constant and the Henry constant are corrected.

[0009] Further, the multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation region is established, including: a mass transfer model representing the migration process of the pollutant is established; a migration rate and flow path model of the plurality of environmental media is constructed; based on the adjusted pollutant diffusion coefficient combined with the diffusion path length of the pollutant in the medium, the diffusion process of the pollutant in the medium is simulated, the pollutant removal mechanism is determined, and the multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation region is established.

[0010] Further, the multi-medium fate migration simulation model is:

[0011] wherein, is the volume of the atmosphere, is the fugacity capacity of the atmosphere, is the fugacity value of the atmosphere, is the migration coefficient of the water body to the atmosphere, is the fugacity value of the water body, is the degradation reaction rate coefficient of the soil phase, is the migration coefficient of the atmosphere to the water body, is the migration coefficient of the atmosphere to the soil, is the advection migration coefficient in the atmosphere phase, is the degradation rate coefficient in the atmosphere phase, is the volume of the water body, is the fugacity capacity of the water body, is the fugacity value of the water body, is the emission rate of the pollutant in the water body, is the pollutant flux of horizontal flow input, is the, is the migration coefficient of the sediment to the water body, is the migration coefficient of the water body to the sediment, is the advection migration coefficient in the water body phase, is the volume of the soil, is the fugacity capacity of the soil, is the fugacity of the soil, is the transfer coefficient of the atmosphere to the soil, is the transfer coefficient of the soil to the atmosphere, is the transfer coefficient of the soil to the water body, is the volume of the sediment, is the fugacity capacity of the sediment, is the fugacity of the sediment, is the transfer coefficient of the water body to the sediment, is the transfer coefficient of the sediment to the water body.

[0012] Further, the multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation model of the simulation region is solved to determine the simulated concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium, including: solving the fugacity of each environmental medium; and calculating the simulated concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium by using the concentration-fugacity relationship.

[0013] Further, the concentration-fugacity relationship is:

[0014] wherein, is the concentration of the pollutant in the environmental medium, is the fugacity capacity of the environmental medium, is the fugacity.

[0015] Further, the method further includes: visualizing the simulated concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium.

[0016] The present application provides a meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation system, which is used for the above-mentioned meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation method, and includes: a multi-medium environmental modeling module, which is used for determining a plurality of environmental mediums of a simulation region; the multi-medium environmental modeling module is further used for determining a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the plurality of environmental mediums of the simulation region; a meteorological data input module, which is used for obtaining meteorological data of the simulation region; the multi-medium environmental modeling module is further used for correcting the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the meteorological data of the simulation region; the multi-medium environmental modeling module is further used for establishing a multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation model of the simulation region based on the corrected plurality of key input parameters; and a pollutant transport and transformation simulation module, which is used for solving the multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation model of the simulation region to determine a simulated concentration distribution of a pollutant in each environmental medium.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium environmental fate and transport simulation method and system provided by the present application at least have the following beneficial effects: By introducing high spatiotemporal resolution meteorological data as driving factors, the migration and transformation processes of pollutants in various environmental media such as atmosphere, water body, and soil are coupled and simulated, effectively improving the simulation accuracy and dynamic response capability. Compared with existing methods based on static parameters or single medium modeling, the method and system can comprehensively reflect the time-varying evolution process of pollutants in a complex environmental system, and still maintain high simulation stability and accuracy under extreme weather conditions. In addition, the modular structure design of the method and system facilitates the connection with different types of pollution source lists and geographic information systems, greatly reducing the model deployment and operation cost, and enhancing the universality and practicality of the model. The implementation of the above technical solutions not only improves the scientificity and prediction ability of the pollutant fate simulation, but also provides reliable technical support for environmental risk assessment and pollution prevention and control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The present specification will be further illustrated in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting, and in these embodiments, the same numbers represent the same structures, wherein: Figure 1 is a flowchart of a meteorologically driven multi-medium fate migration simulation method for pollutants according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 2 is a flowchart of a multi-medium fate migration simulation model for establishing a simulation area according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 3 is a module diagram of a meteorologically driven multi-medium fate migration simulation system for pollutants according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of air / water interface transmission of pollutants according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of water / sediment interface transmission of pollutants according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of air / soil interface transmission of pollutants according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 7 is a flowchart of a hierarchical path screening strategy according to some embodiments of the present specification; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of nitrate pollutant migration process and flux according to some embodiments of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present specification, and for those skilled in the art, the present specification can also be applied to other similar scenarios without creative labor. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise stated, the same reference numbers in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method according to some embodiments of the present specification, as shown in Figure 1 The meteorologically driven pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation method can include the following steps.

[0021] Step 110, determining a plurality of environmental media of the simulation region.

[0022] Among them, the plurality of environmental media of the simulation region at least includes air medium, water body, soil and sediment. The air medium refers to the atmospheric layer of the simulation region, including the near-surface atmosphere such as the troposphere, which is the main place for the volatilization, diffusion and deposition of pollutants. The water body includes rivers, lakes, oceans and other surface water bodies, which are important media for the dissolution, migration and transformation of pollutants. The soil is a loose layer of matter covering the ground, including minerals, organic matter, air and water, which is an important medium for the adsorption, degradation and migration of pollutants. The plurality of environmental media of the simulation region at least includes air medium, water body, soil and sediment. Among them, the sediment refers to the solid particulate matter accumulated at the bottom of the water body (such as rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.), mainly composed of inorganic matter (such as silt, clay) and organic matter (such as animal and plant remains). Through physical, chemical and biological effects, suspended particles in the water gradually settle and accumulate at the bottom of the water, forming a sediment layer.

[0023] The plurality of environmental media of the simulation region can be determined according to the migration and transformation process of the pollutant in the environment. For example, the pollutant may volatilize from the soil into the atmosphere, or seep into the soil and sediment from the water body, and then accumulate in the organism through the food chain. Then, in addition to the air medium, water body, soil and sediment, the plurality of environmental media of the simulation region can also include the organism.

[0024] Step 120, determining a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the plurality of environmental media of the simulation region.

[0025] Among them, the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region at least includes the basic physical parameters, environmental migration parameters, fugacity capacity and interphase migration parameters of each environmental medium.

[0026] Specifically, the basic physical parameters of the environmental medium can include a surface area, a depth, a volume, a density, a volume fraction, an organic carbon content, and the like of the environmental medium, as shown in Table 1. Among them, the spatial analysis processing is performed through the ArcGIS platform, the multi-medium environmental system of the atmosphere, the water body, and the soil in the region is constructed, the geographic information data such as the terrain and the land use are introduced, the three-dimensional space modeling is realized, and the regional area parameters are obtained by using the Fragstats software for the statistical calculation of the landscape pattern.

[0027] Table 1 Parameter Unit Atmospheric area m 2 ]]> Water area m 2 ]]> Soil area m 2 ]]> Sediment area m 2 ]]> Average atmospheric height m Average water depth m Average soil depth m Average sediment depth m Gas phase volume fraction in water Gas phase volume fraction in soil Gas phase volume fraction in sediment Particulate volume fraction in atmosphere Particulate volume fraction in urban atmosphere Particulate volume fraction in water Solid phase volume fraction in soil Solid phase volume fraction in sediment Water phase volume fraction in atmosphere Water phase volume fraction in soil Water phase volume fraction in sediment Atmospheric density kg / m 3 ]] Water density kg / m 3 ]] Density of particulates in atmosphere [kg / m 3 <!-- 4 -->]]> Density of particulates in water kg / m 3 ]] Density of solids in soil kg / m 3 ]] Density of solids in sediment kg / m 3 ]] Organic carbon content in atmosphere Organic carbon content in water Organic carbon content in soil Organic carbon content in sediment The calculation method of the fugacity capacity can be as shown in Table 2.

[0028] Table 2

[0029] Among them, the Z value represents the proportional relationship between the concentration (mol / m³) of the pollutant in a specific phase and the partial pressure (Pa) of the pollutant in the atmosphere under the equilibrium state, Z A is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the gas phase. Z PA is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the atmospheric particulate phase, Z BA is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the entire atmospheric phase, v PA is the volume fraction of the particulate phase in the atmosphere (m³ particulate / m³ air), which is a dimensionless quantity. It represents the proportion of the volume of particulate matter in a unit volume of air. Z W is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the water phase, H is the Henry constant (Pa·m³ / mol), Z PW is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the suspended particulate phase of the water body, p PW is the suspended particulate density (kg / m³), K OC is the organic carbon-water distribution, f OC . PW is the mass fraction of organic carbon in the suspended particulate (kg OC / kg particulate). Z BW is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the entire water body phase, v PW is the volume fraction of the suspended particulate, Z S is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the soil phase, p S is the soil particulate density (kg / m³), K OW is the octanol-water distribution coefficient, f OC.S is the mass fraction of soil organic carbon, 0.41 is an empirical coefficient representing the proportional relationship between the adsorption capacity of organic carbon and the adsorption capacity of octanol, Z BS is the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in the entire soil phase, v A is the volume fraction of the gas phase in the soil, v Wv is the volume fraction of water in soil S Z is the volume fraction of solid phase in soil Sed p is the partition coefficient of pollutant in sediment phase Sed f is the density of sediment particle OC.Sed Z is the mass fraction of organic carbon in sediment BT v is the partition coefficient of pollutant in whole sediment phase Sed Z is the volume fraction of solid phase in sediment.

[0030] The environmental migration parameter can represent the migration rate of the pollutant between any two environmental media (such as air and water, water and sediment, air and soil, etc.), as shown in Table 3.

[0031] Table 3 Parameter Symbol Unit Mass transfer coefficient, air side, air / water interface k VA ]]> m / h Mass transfer coefficient, water side, air / water interface k VW ]]> m / h Precipitation rate U R ]]> m / h Removal rate Q Dry deposition rate U Q ]]> m / h Mass transfer coefficient, air side, air / soil interface k EA ]]> m / h Path length for molecular diffusion in soil [Y3] m Molecular diffusion coefficient in air B MA ]]> m 2 / h]]> Molecular diffusion coefficient in water B MW ]]> m 2 / h]]> Effective molecular diffusion coefficient in sediment interstitial water m 2 / h]]> Runoff rate from soil U WW ]]> m / h Erosion rate from soil solids U EW ]]> m / h Mass transfer coefficient, water side, water / sediment interface k SW ]]> m / h Path length for molecular diffusion in sediment [Y4] m Sediment settling rate U DP ]]> m / h Sediment resuspension rate U RS ]]> m / h Sediment burial rate U BS ]]> m / h Mass transfer coefficient, air side, air / impermeable layer interface Kaf m / h Litterfall rate constant Rlf h -1 ]]> Mass transfer coefficient for leaf cuticular erosion Kwe m / h Impermeable layer scour rate constant W Impermeable layer-water mass transfer coefficient Krw m / h Boundary layer diffusion mass transfer coefficient, air / pine needle interface kav m / h Leaf surface wetness rate Pcv Leaf interception fraction FrUF Rate of particulate dry deposition to leaf surface Uaf m / h Impermeable layer permeation rate Pcf m / s Rate of upward migration U S ]]> m / h Volume fraction of aerosol Vf a ]]> Rate of water filtration from sediment to groundwater U L ]]> m 3 / m 2 ×h]]> The environmental migration parameters obtained by literature research, empirical value calibration or field measurement are calculated in the manner shown in Table 4.

[0032] Table 4

[0033] wherein, D VW K is the diffusion migration parameter of air-water, K VA A is the gas phase mass transfer coefficient of air side (m / h), reflecting the diffusion efficiency of the pollutant from the main body of the air to the interface, A W A is the surface area of water body, K VW K is the water phase mass transfer coefficient of water side (m / h), reflecting the diffusion efficiency of the pollutant from the interface to the main body of the water, D RW D is the gas phase wet deposition migration parameter of air-water, U R U is the rainfall rate, D PW Z is the particle wet deposition migration parameter of air-water, Z PA Z is the value of the particle phase in the air, Q is the scouring ratio, an empirical parameter, reflecting the efficiency of rainwater in removing particles (usually ), v PA v is the volume fraction of the particle phase in the air, D DW U is the particle dry deposition migration parameter of air-water, U P D is the particle dry deposition rate (m / h), related to particle size, density and meteorological conditions, D A-W D is the environmental migration parameter of the total process of air-water, D VS k is the diffusion migration parameter of air-soil, k AS A is the gas phase mass transfer coefficient of air side (m / h), related to wind speed and surface roughness, A S A is the surface area of soil (m2), Y3 is the effective thickness of soil air layer (m), representing the depth of soil pores. BA3 , B W3 Kp,air,soil is the gas phase / water phase mass transfer coefficient in soil pore (m / h), reflecting the migration efficiency of pollutants in soil pore, D RS Kp,air,soil is the gas phase wet deposition migration parameter of atmosphere-soil, D PS Kp,air,soil is the particle wet deposition migration parameter of atmosphere-soil, D DS Kp,air,soil is the particle dry deposition migration parameter of atmosphere-soil, D A-S Kp,air,soil is the diffusion migration parameter of total process of atmosphere-soil, D VS Kp,soil,air is the environmental migration parameter of soil-air, D SRW Kp,soil,water is the soil loss migration parameter of soil-water, U SW Kp,soil,water is the soil loss rate (m / h), D WRW Kp,soil,water is the rainwater runoff migration parameter of soil-water, U WW Kp,soil,water is the runoff rate (m / h), D SW Kp,soil,water is the environmental migration parameter of total process of soil-water, D Y Kp,sediment,water is the diffusion migration parameter of sediment-water, k Sed Kp,water,water is the water phase mass transfer coefficient (m / h) of water side, describing the boundary layer resistance of overlying water, A Sed A is the sediment surface area (m²), D S Y4 is the effective thickness of sediment layer (m), the depth of pollutant diffusion in sediment pore, B W4 Kp,water,sediment is the water phase mass transfer coefficient (m / h) in sediment pore, reflecting the diffusion efficiency of pore water, D RSed Kp,sediment,water is the resuspension migration parameter of sediment-water, Z PSed Z is the sediment particle phase Z value (mol / (m³·Pa)), U RSed Kp,sediment,water is the resuspension rate of sediment (m / h), the volume of resuspended sediment per unit area per unit time, A Sed A is the sediment surface area (m²), D Sed-W Kp,sediment,water is the environmental migration parameter of total process of sediment-water, D DSed Kp,water,sediment is the deposition migration parameter of water-sediment, D W-Sed Kp,water,sediment is the environmental migration parameter of total process of water-sediment, i is the medium number (such as water, atmosphere, soil), D A(i) G is the mass transfer amount in medium i due to advection (unit: mol / s), G (i) Z is the carrier volume flow rate (m³ / h) into medium i, Z (i) D is the total phase Z value of medium i (mol / (m³·Pa)), D R(i)is the degradation rate of the substance in medium i (unit: mol / s). It represents the amount of substance that degrades in medium i per unit time, reflecting the speed at which the substance degrades in the medium, K (i) is the advection output rate constant of medium i, V (i is the volume of medium i (m³), Z (i) is the total phase Z value of medium i (mol / (m³·Pa)).

[0034] Step 130, obtaining meteorological data of the simulation area.

[0035] The meteorological data of the simulation area at least includes temperature, humidity and solar radiation intensity.

[0036] The meteorological data of the simulation area can also include precipitation, wind speed, etc.

[0037] Step 140, based on the meteorological data of the simulation area, correcting the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation area.

[0038] Specifically, some of the plurality of key input parameters are sensitive to changes in meteorological conditions, and their values may fluctuate significantly with changes in meteorological conditions. Therefore, the plurality of key input parameters of the simulation area need to be corrected based on the meteorological data of the simulation area.

[0039] In some embodiments, step 140 specifically includes: correcting the pollutant diffusion coefficient based on temperature; correcting the pollutant chemical reaction half-life based on temperature; correcting the saturated vapor pressure based on temperature and solar radiation intensity; correcting the solubility equilibrium constant and Henry's constant based on temperature.

[0040] For example, the pollutant diffusion coefficient is corrected based on the following formula:

[0041] wherein, is the diffusion coefficient at temperature T, is the diffusion coefficient at reference temperature E is the activation energy or empirical energy term, which reflects the sensitivity of diffusion behavior to temperature, quantifies the core parameter of temperature dependence of organic matter diffusion process, E is an empirical value, the value range of E corresponding to air: 5-15, the value range of E corresponding to water: 15-25, the value range of E corresponding to soil: 30~80, R is the ideal gas constant, is the absolute temperature, and exp is the natural exponential function.

[0042] The method is based on a unified formula to correct the diffusion coefficient. For different environmental media (air, water, soil, sediment), by setting the exclusive molecular diffusion coefficient in the formula representing the characteristics of each medium , the correction of the diffusion behavior of different media is realized.

[0043] The chemical reaction half-life of the pollutant is corrected based on the following formula:

[0044] wherein, is the half-life at temperature T, is the half-life at reference temperature .

[0045] The saturated vapor pressure is corrected based on the following formula:

[0046] wherein, is the saturated vapor pressure at temperature T, is the saturated vapor pressure at reference temperature , is the vaporization enthalpy (unit: J / mol).

[0047] The solubility equilibrium constant and Henry's constant are corrected based on the following formula:

[0048] wherein, is the Henry's constant at temperature T, is the Henry's constant at reference temperature , is the dissolution enthalpy (unit: J / mol).

[0049] By solving multiple equations simultaneously, the quantitative response relationship between meteorological factors and migration fluxes is established.

[0050] Step 150, based on the corrected multiple key input parameters, a multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation area is established.

[0051] Figure 2 is a flowchart of establishing a multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation area according to some embodiments of the present specification, as Figure 2 shown, step 150 specifically includes: A mass transport model is established to characterize the migration process of pollutants. Specifically, mass transfer coefficients are defined and calculated for different medium interfaces (such as air / water, water / sediment, air / soil, etc.). The mass transfer coefficients are dynamically adjusted based on temperature, wind speed, humidity, and other climate conditions to reflect the changes in the interface pollutant transfer capacity. A migration rate and flow path model for multiple environmental media is constructed. Specifically, the migration rate between multiple media is calculated, as well as various migration paths such as rainfall erosion, evaporation, sedimentation, runoff, resuspension, and burial. Based on the adjusted pollutant diffusion coefficient and the diffusion path length of the pollutant in the medium, the diffusion process of the pollutant inside the medium is simulated, the pollutant removal mechanism is determined, and a multi-medium fate migration simulation model for the simulation area is established. Specifically, the diffusion coefficient is adjusted according to the temperature and humidity, the diffusion process of the pollutant inside the medium is simulated, the removal rate and leaf surface deposition process are set, and the effects of adsorption, degradation, and other mechanisms of the pollutant are reflected.

[0052] The mass transfer coefficient represents the flux rate (mol / h) of the pollutant from medium A across the interface to medium B.

[0053] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of pollutant transport at the air / water interface according to some embodiments of the present specification, as shown in Figure 4 The total mass transfer coefficient of the air / water interface (Air-Water) can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0054] wherein, is the gas phase mass transfer coefficient (m / h), is the gas constant, is the temperature (K), is the water phase mass transfer coefficient (m / h), and H is the Henry constant (Pa·m³ / mol).

[0055] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of pollutant transport at the water / sediment interface according to some embodiments of the present specification, as shown in Figure 5 The total mass transfer coefficient of the water / sediment interface (Water-Sediment) can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0056] wherein, is the effective diffusion coefficient of the sediment (m² / h), is the bottom water layer thickness (m, usually 0.1-1 mm), is the molecular diffusion coefficient in water (m² / h), is the sediment porosity (0.6~0.9), is the tortuosity factor (1.5~3.0).

[0057] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of pollutants at the air / soil interface according to some embodiments of this specification, such as Figure 6 As shown, the total mass transfer coefficient of the air / soil interface (Air-Soil) It can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0058] in, is the effective diffusion coefficient of air in soil (m² / h), is the thickness of the still air layer on the soil surface (m, about 0.5~2 cm), is the molecular diffusion coefficient in the atmosphere (m² / h), is the soil air porosity.

[0059] A four-level media system (air-water-soil-sediment) was constructed, with migration pathways based on physical connectivity and pollutant characteristics. Bidirectional mass exchange occurs at the air / water interface through molecular diffusion and turbulent mixing, while bidirectional exchange occurs at the water / sediment interface through pore diffusion and resuspension. From air to soil, wet and dry deposition dominates. From soil to water, rainfall-driven runoff occurs, while from water to sediment, gravity deposition occurs. The pathway network complies with the law of conservation of mass.

[0060] The transport flux of each migration path is characterized by the mass transfer coefficient (D value), which is calculated by integrating the physical mechanism and chemical distribution principle: 1. Diffusion-dominated pathways (e.g., air / water exchange):

[0061] in, is the mass transfer coefficient of the gas / water exchange migration path, is the air fugacity capacity, is the water fugacity capacity, A is the area of ​​the air-water interface (unit: m²), that is, the common contact interface between air and water, is the gas mass transfer coefficient, is the water side mass transfer coefficient, H is the Henry constant, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.

[0062] 2. Horizontal dominant path (such as soil runoff):

[0063] in, is the mass transfer coefficient of soil runoff, is the water phase fugacity capacity, is the soil-water contact area, is the runoff rate (m / h), dynamically adjusted by rainfall intensity.

[0064] 3. Particle settling path:

[0065] wherein, is the mass transport coefficient of the particle settling path, is the sediment fugacity capacity, is the water-sediment interface area, is the settling rate.

[0066] The migration path intensity responds in real-time to changes in environmental conditions, key regulating factors include: temperature, wind speed, precipitation, humidity, sunlight.

[0067] The effectiveness of the migration path is constrained by the physico-chemical properties of the contaminant, for example, Henry's constant > 10-3 atm-m3 / mol, activating significant gas / water exchange paths, and for example, log KOW (i.e. octanol-water partition coefficient) > 4, enhancing sediment sorption and bioaccumulation paths, and for example, long half-life substances activating long-range migration paths.

[0068] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the hierarchical path screening strategy according to some embodiments of the present specification, as shown in Figure 7 the path is screened using the hierarchical path screening strategy. By way of example only, the nitrate contaminant migration process and flux, as shown in Figure 8

[0069] In some embodiments, the multi-medium fate migration simulation model is:

[0070] wherein, is the volume of the atmosphere, is the fugacity capacity of the atmosphere, is the fugacity value of the atmosphere, is the migration coefficient of the water body to the atmosphere, is the fugacity value of the water body, is the soil phase degradation reaction rate coefficient, is the migration coefficient of the atmosphere to the water body, is the migration coefficient of the atmosphere to the soil, is the advection migration coefficient in the atmosphere phase, is the degradation rate coefficient in the atmosphere phase, is the volume of the water body, is the fugacity capacity of the water body, ​an effluent value of the water body, an effluent rate of the pollutant in the water body, a pollutant flux of the horizontal flow input, an effluent value of the water body, a transfer coefficient of the sediment to the water body, a transfer coefficient of the water body to the sediment, a transfer coefficient of the water phase in the horizontal direction, a volume of the soil, an effluent capacity of the soil, an effluent value of the soil, a transfer coefficient of the atmosphere to the soil, a transfer coefficient of the soil to the atmosphere, a transfer coefficient of the soil to the water body, a volume of the sediment, an effluent capacity of the sediment, an effluent value of the sediment, a transfer coefficient of the water body to the sediment, a transfer coefficient of the sediment to the water body.

[0071] The initial condition is set as t=0, , , and are all f0, indicating the initial effluent value of the pollutant in each environmental medium, i.e. the initial background value of the multi-medium fate migration simulation model.

[0072] For the mass balance equation describing the equilibrium state of the pollutant in the multi-medium environment, the matrix operation function of Matlab software is used for solving. By converting the equilibrium equation into matrix form, with the help of the efficient matrix calculation ability of Matlab, the solution of the equation set can be quickly obtained, so as to determine the equilibrium concentration distribution of the pollutant in each medium, etc.

[0073] For the differential equation set such as dynamic mass balance equation describing the change of the pollutant with time during the migration and transformation process, Runge-Kutta method in Matlab is used for solving. Runge-Kutta method is a commonly used numerical method for solving differential equations, which can accurately calculate the numerical solution of differential equation set at different time points, and further simulate the dynamic migration and transformation process of the pollutant in the multi-medium environment.

[0074] Step 160, the multi-medium fate migration simulation model of the simulation area is solved, and the simulation concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium is determined.

[0075] Specifically, it includes: solving the effluent of each environmental medium; The pollutant simulated concentration distribution of each environmental medium is calculated by the concentration-fugacity relationship.

[0076] In some embodiments, the concentration-fugacity relationship is:

[0077] wherein, C is the concentration of the pollutant in the environmental medium, V is the fugacity capacity of the environmental medium, reflecting the "storage capacity" of the medium for the pollutant, F is the fugacity.

[0078] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: The pollutant simulated concentration distribution of each environmental medium is visualized, specifically, presented in the form of pollutant concentration distribution map, etc., providing intuitive basis for environmental management. For example, the concentration distribution of the pollutant in the environmental medium is displayed in two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphics. The two-dimensional graph uses contour map, heat map or filled map, and the three-dimensional graph uses surface graph or volume rendering graph. The coordinate axes (such as spatial position, depth, etc.), concentration scale (such as color or height representing concentration size) and environmental medium type (such as air, water body, soil, etc.) should be clearly marked in the graph. Example: On a two-dimensional map, different colors are used to represent the concentration distribution of the pollutant in the soil, with red areas representing high concentration and blue areas representing low concentration.

[0079] For time series data, dynamic video or animation can be made to show the change process of the pollutant concentration over time. Dynamic visualization helps users understand the migration trend and destination of the pollutant.

[0080] The visualization results provide intuitive decision-making basis for environmental management departments. For example, by identifying high-concentration areas, priority areas for treatment can be determined. By observing the migration path of the pollutant, the future distribution trend of the pollutant can be predicted, so that preventive measures can be taken in advance.

[0081] For example only, assume that a chemical leakage accident occurred in a certain area, and the migration simulation and risk assessment of the pollutant in the soil are needed. Through this method, the concentration distribution of the pollutant in the soil can be simulated and presented in the form of concentration distribution map. The environmental management department can determine the high-concentration area according to the visualization results and take corresponding treatment measures. At the same time, the migration trend of the pollutant can also be displayed through dynamic visualization, providing basis for long-term environmental monitoring and prevention.

[0082] It can be understood that in practical applications, for example, when simulating the multi-medium fate process of typical industrial pollutant emissions (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the like) in a certain area, by accessing real-time meteorological driving data, the migration trend and concentration change trajectory of the pollutant in the atmosphere-water-soil-sediment system can be reflected in real time. Compared with traditional static or simplified simulation methods, this method can more accurately capture the pollution response behavior of short-time sudden events (such as runoff scouring after heavy rain), has higher simulation accuracy and response ability. At the same time, users can flexibly replace or add pollutant types and meteorological sources, realize multi-scenario reuse of a set of models, and significantly reduce development and deployment costs.

[0083] The method not only realizes the refinement and dynamics of the multi-medium fate migration simulation of pollutants in theory, but also has good expansibility and adaptability in actual operation, and can be widely applied to the fields of pollution risk assessment, pollution source tracking, environmental emergency response and the like.

[0084] The method creatively introduces real-time or historical high-spatial-temporal resolution meteorological data (including precipitation, temperature, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and the like) into the pollutant migration simulation process as the main external driving factor, realizes the dynamic driving of the migration and transformation process of the pollutant among the atmosphere, water body, soil and the like, integrates multi-source data such as regional terrain, land use and hydrology, constructs a multi-medium environmental model covering the atmosphere, water body, soil and sediment, and provides high-precision spatial support for the migration and transformation of the pollutant among different media. It has strong data integration and boundary condition configuration capabilities, is suitable for multi-field coupled simulation and dynamic change analysis of complex environmental systems, and integrates the migration path and process mechanism of the pollutant among different media, such as diffusion, deposition, volatilization, adsorption and biological degradation, in the multi-medium fate migration simulation model. Based on the coupling of the physical and chemical properties of the pollutant, the characteristics of the environmental medium and the meteorological conditions, quantitative calculation is realized, the fate dynamic simulation under complex conditions is realized, and it is especially suitable for the fate path prediction of organic pollutants and heavy metals.

[0085] Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present specification, a module schematic diagram of a meteorological driving-based pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation system is shown as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the meteorological driving-based pollutant multi-medium fate migration simulation system can include a multi-medium environmental modeling module, a meteorological data input module, a pollutant migration and transformation simulation module and a visualization module.

[0086] The multi-medium environmental modeling module is used to determine a plurality of environmental media of a simulation area; The multi-medium environmental modeling module is also used to determine a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation area based on the plurality of environmental media of the simulation area; The meteorological data input module is used to obtain meteorological data of the simulation area; The multi-medium environment modeling module is further configured to correct a plurality of key input parameters of the simulation region based on the meteorological data of the simulation region; The multi-medium environment modeling module is further configured to establish a multi-medium fate and transport simulation model of the simulation region based on the corrected plurality of key input parameters; The pollutant transport and transformation simulation module is configured to solve the multi-medium fate and transport simulation model of the simulation region to determine the simulated concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium.

[0087] The visualization module can be configured to visualize the simulated concentration distribution of the pollutant in each environmental medium.

[0088] The meteorologically-driven pollutant multi-medium fate and transport simulation system can be configured to perform the meteorologically-driven pollutant multi-medium fate and transport simulation method, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations can also be within the scope of the present description. Thus, alternative configurations of the embodiments described herein can be considered as consistent with the teachings of the present description. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described herein.

Claims

1. A multi-media fate and migration simulation method for pollutants based on meteorological driving, characterized by: include: Determine multiple environmental media in the simulation area; Determine multiple key input parameters of the simulation area based on multiple environmental media in the simulation area; Obtain meteorological data for the simulation area; Based on the meteorological data of the simulation area, multiple key input parameters of the simulation area are corrected; Based on the revised multiple key input parameters, a multi-media fate migration simulation model for the simulation area is established; The multi-media fate migration simulation model of the simulation area is solved to determine the simulated concentration distribution of pollutants in each environmental medium.

2. The method for simulating the fate and migration of pollutants based on multi-media and weather-driven methods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple environmental media in the simulation area include at least air, water, soil and sediment.

3. The multi-media fate and migration simulation method of pollutants based on weather-driven methods according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The multiple key input parameters of the simulation area include at least basic physical parameters of each environmental medium, environmental migration parameters, fugacity capacity and interphase migration parameters.

4. The method for simulating the fate and migration of pollutants based on multi-media and weather-driven methods according to claim 3, characterized in that: The meteorological data of the simulation area includes at least temperature, humidity and solar radiation intensity; Based on the meteorological data of the simulation area, several key input parameters of the simulation area are corrected, including: Correction of pollutant diffusion coefficient based on temperature; Correction of pollutant chemical reaction half-life based on temperature; Correct the saturated vapor pressure based on temperature and solar radiation intensity; The solubility equilibrium constant and Henry's constant are corrected based on temperature.

5. The method for simulating the fate and migration of pollutants based on multi-media and weather-driven methods according to claim 4, characterized in that: Establish a multi-media fate migration simulation model for the simulation area, including: Establish a mass transfer model to characterize the pollutant migration process; Construct migration rate and flow path models for multiple environmental media; Based on the adjusted pollutant diffusion coefficient and the diffusion path length of the pollutants in the medium, the diffusion process of pollutants inside the medium is simulated, the pollutant removal mechanism is determined, and a multi-media fate migration simulation model of the simulation area is established.

6. The method for simulating the fate and migration of pollutants using multiple media based on weather-driven methods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-media fate migration simulation model is: in, is the volume of the atmosphere, is the fugacity capacity of the atmosphere, is the atmospheric fugacity value, is the migration coefficient of water to the atmosphere, is the fugacity value of the water body, is the soil phase degradation reaction rate coefficient, is the migration coefficient of atmosphere to water, is the migration coefficient from atmosphere to soil, is the advection transport coefficient in the atmospheric phase, is the degradation rate coefficient in the atmospheric phase, is the volume of the water body, is the fugacity capacity of the water body, is the fugacity value of the water body, is the emission rate of pollutants in water bodies, is the pollutant flux input for horizontal flow, for, is the migration coefficient of sediment to water body, is the migration coefficient of water to sediment, is the advection migration coefficient in the water phase, is the volume of soil, is the fugacity capacity of the soil, is the fugacity value of the soil, is the migration coefficient from atmosphere to soil, is the migration coefficient from soil to atmosphere, is the migration coefficient of soil to water, is the volume of sediment, is the fugacity capacity of sediment, is the fugacity value of sediment, is the migration coefficient of water to sediment, is the migration coefficient of sediment to water.

7. The method for simulating the multi-media fate and migration of pollutants based on weather-driven simulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Solve the multi-media fate and migration simulation model of the simulation area to determine the simulated concentration distribution of pollutants in each environmental medium, including: Solve for the fugacity of each ambient medium; The simulated concentration distribution of pollutants in each environmental medium is calculated using the concentration-fugacity relationship.

8. The method for simulating the fate and migration of pollutants using multiple media based on weather-driven methods according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concentration-fugacity relationship is: in, is the concentration of pollutants in the environmental medium, is the fugacity capacity of the ambient medium, For the utmost degree.

9. The method for simulating the multi-media fate and migration of pollutants based on weather-driven simulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Visualize the simulated concentration distribution of pollutants for each environmental medium.

10. The multi-media fate and migration simulation system of pollutants based on meteorological driving is characterized by: The method for simulating the multi-media fate and migration of pollutants based on meteorological driving according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Multi-media environment modeling module, used to determine multiple environmental media in the simulation area; The multi-media environment modeling module is further used to determine multiple key input parameters of the simulation area based on multiple environmental media in the simulation area; Meteorological data input module, used to obtain meteorological data of the simulation area; The multimedia environment modeling module is also used to modify several key input parameters of the simulation area based on the meteorological data of the simulation area; The multi-media environment modeling module is also used to establish a multi-media fate migration simulation model for the simulation area based on the revised multiple key input parameters; The pollutant migration and transformation simulation module is used to solve the multi-media fate migration simulation model of the simulation area and determine the simulated pollutant concentration distribution of each environmental medium.

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