Battery module ejection fire-fighting device in battery compartment of liquid cooling energy storage system and working method of battery module ejection fire-fighting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a liquid cooling energy storage system battery compartment and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage battery fire fighting. Comprising an ejection mechanism used for ejecting the liquid cooling energy storage battery module along a battery rack when being triggered, ejection window plates used for plugging ejection windows formed in a container cabin door of the liquid cooling energy storage system in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and a control mechanism used for linking the liquid cooling energy storage system, the ejection mechanism and the ejection window plates. Hydraulic driving and explosion-proof motor linkage control are adopted, the popping action of the battery module is completed immediately after a thermal runaway signal is detected, through the collaborative design of the popping mechanism and the popping window plate, high-temperature flue gas convection and a combustible gas diffusion path are effectively cut off, and thermal runaway spreading is avoided; meanwhile, through three-dimensional monitoring of the battery module-level composite detector and the cabin-level monitoring assembly, a multi-level detection system is formed, and rapid physical isolation and directional removal of the thermal runaway battery module are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of energy storage battery fire-fighting. Background Art

[0002] As the global energy structure shifts toward a low-carbon economy, electrochemical energy storage technologies, represented by lithium-ion batteries, have become a crucial supporting infrastructure for new energy power generation systems. As new power systems are being built, the deployment of large-scale energy storage power stations continues to expand, and the installed capacity of battery modules—their core energy storage units—is growing exponentially. Due to the inherent thermal instability of battery materials, when a single battery module experiences thermal runaway, existing conventional firefighting systems typically employ extinguishing agents such as perfluorohexanone and aerosols for blanket spraying or blanketing. While these technical solutions can initially suppress the fire source, the difficulty in precisely controlling the extinguishing agent's range of action makes it highly susceptible to thermal runaway propagation within the densely packed battery module compartment. High-temperature smoke creates convection channels between adjacent modules, leading to a continuous accumulation of thermal radiation energy. Furthermore, pressure fluctuations generated by the extinguishing agent injection can disrupt the physical separation between the battery modules, causing volatile electrolyte vapors to diffuse and migrate under negative pressure.

[0003] This coupling effect significantly lowers the critical temperature for thermal runaway in the battery system, ultimately triggering a domino-like cascade of failures that can paralyze the entire energy storage system. This technical flaw directly restricts the operational reliability of large-scale energy storage power plants and significantly increases the cost of handling fire incidents and the risk of secondary disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a battery module ejection fire-fighting device and a working method in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system, comprising

[0006] The ejection mechanism is installed on the battery rack in the battery compartment and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the rear end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module, and is used to eject the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module along the battery rack when triggered;

[0007] The ejection window plate is sealed with the ejection window provided on the container hatch of the liquid-cooled energy storage system in a one-to-one correspondence, and is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The ejection window is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module, and the size of the ejection window is larger than the outer dimensions of the corresponding liquid-cooled energy storage battery module;

[0008] A control mechanism is used to link the liquid-cooled energy storage system, the ejection mechanism, and the ejection window panel.

[0009] The battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor components are installed on the top of the battery compartment and are connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. They are used to detect high temperature signals and smoke signals in the battery compartment.

[0010] The battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly is installed on the top of the battery compartment and includes an H2 combustible gas detector and a CO combustible gas detector. It is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission and is used to detect the combustible gas concentration in the battery compartment.

[0011] The battery module composite detector is installed at the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module. It includes an H2 sensor, a CO sensor and a temperature sensor. It is in direct contact with the battery cell group of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module, performs PACK-level detection on the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module, and is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. It is used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery cell and the internal leakage of combustible gas in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the ejection mechanism includes a hydraulic drive unit and a limiting guide unit; both ends of the limiting guide unit are slidably connected to the battery rack, the rear end of the limiting guide unit is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic drive unit, and the other end of the hydraulic drive unit is fixedly connected to the battery rack.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive unit includes a hydraulic accumulator and a fast solenoid valve, and the fast solenoid valve is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission, and is used to complete the release of hydraulic oil after receiving a trigger signal.

[0014] Furthermore, a roller is provided at the bottom of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module.

[0015] Furthermore, a sealing strip is provided on the edge of the container door to isolate the battery compartment from the external environment.

[0016] Furthermore, the sealing strip is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material.

[0017] Furthermore, an elastic buffer layer is provided on the edge of the ejection window panel to reduce the impact force when the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module is ejected.

[0018] Furthermore, the motor is an explosion-proof servo motor equipped with a position feedback sensor. The feedback sensor and the motor are both connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. The feedback sensor is used to monitor the opening state of the ejection window panel in real time and provide feedback to the control mechanism.

[0019] A method for operating a battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: Detection: The battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor components and the battery compartment combustible gas detection component monitor the temperature, smoke, and H2 and CO concentrations in the battery compartment in real time. The battery module composite detector monitors the cell temperature and internal combustible gas of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module in real time.

[0021] S2: Signal triggering: When any of the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly, battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly, and battery module composite detector detects a thermal runaway signal, it determines that the trigger condition is met and sends a trigger signal to the control mechanism;

[0022] The trigger condition is any of the following:

[0023] The battery compartment temperature detected by the battery compartment temperature sensor and smoke sensor is ≥ the preset battery compartment temperature threshold;

[0024] The battery compartment smoke concentration detected by the battery compartment temperature sensor and smoke sensor components is ≥ the preset battery compartment smoke concentration threshold;

[0025] The H2 concentration detected by the battery compartment combustible gas detection component is ≥ the preset battery compartment H2 threshold;

[0026] The CO concentration detected by the combustible gas detection component in the battery compartment is ≥ the preset battery compartment CO threshold;

[0027] The cell temperature detected by the battery module composite detector is ≥ the preset cell temperature threshold;

[0028] The H2 / CO concentration inside the battery cell detected by the battery module composite detector is ≥ the preset battery cell gas concentration threshold;

[0029] S3: Linked execution: After the control mechanism receives the trigger signal, it synchronously controls the motor to open the ejection window panel and start the hydraulic drive unit of the ejection mechanism;

[0030] S4: Ejection: The ejection mechanism ejects the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module along the battery rack through the limiting guide unit, so that the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module is separated from the battery compartment through the ejection window.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention adopts hydraulic drive and explosion-proof motor linkage control, and instantly completes the battery module ejection action after detecting the thermal runaway signal. Through the coordinated design of the ejection mechanism and the ejection window panel, the high-temperature smoke convection and the combustible gas diffusion path are effectively cut off to avoid the spread of thermal runaway. At the same time, through the three-dimensional monitoring of the battery module-level composite detector and the cabin-level monitoring component, a multi-level detection system is formed, which realizes the rapid physical isolation and directional removal of the thermal runaway battery module, and effectively solves the technical defects of the existing technology that the scope of action of the fire extinguishing medium is uncontrollable and the thermal runaway propagation path is difficult to block, which significantly improves the timeliness and accuracy of the thermal runaway warning, upgrades the fire handling method from passive suppression to active isolation, and significantly reduces the operating risks and disaster losses of large-scale energy storage power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a liquid-cooled energy storage battery module;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the ejection mechanism;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the ejection window panel and the motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] A battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system, comprising

[0040] The ejection mechanism 2 is mounted on the battery rack 8 in the battery compartment and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the rear end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1, and is used to eject the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 along the battery rack 8 when triggered;

[0041] The ejection window panel 6 is sealed with a one-to-one correspondence with the ejection window provided on the container hatch 5 of the liquid-cooled energy storage system and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 12. Specifically, the motor 12 is fixed to the container hatch 5, and the output shaft of the motor 12 is coaxially fixedly connected to the shaft 13 via a coupling. The outer side of the shaft 13 is coaxially fixedly provided with a mounting seat 14. The outer side wall of the mounting seat 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the ejection window panel 6. The ejection window panel 6 is driven to open and close by the rotation of the motor 12. The ejection window is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1, and the size of the ejection window is larger than the outer dimensions of the corresponding liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1.

[0042] The control mechanism is used to link the liquid-cooled energy storage system, the ejection mechanism 2 and the ejection window panel 6.

[0043] The battery compartment temperature and smoke sensing assembly 3 is installed on the top of the battery compartment and is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. It is used to detect high temperature signals and smoke signals in the battery compartment; it includes at least two groups of temperature sensors and at least two groups of smoke sensors, which are installed at two diagonal positions on the top of the battery compartment respectively.

[0044] The battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly 4 is installed at a diagonal position on the top of the battery compartment, including an H2 combustible gas detector and a CO combustible gas detector, which are connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission and are used to detect the combustible gas concentration in the battery compartment;

[0045] The battery module composite detector 7 is installed at the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1, including an H2 sensor, a CO sensor and a temperature sensor. It is in direct contact with the battery cell group of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1, performs PACK-level detection on the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1, and is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission to monitor the surface temperature of the battery cell and the internal leakage of combustible gas in real time.

[0046] Furthermore, the ejection mechanism 2 includes a hydraulic drive unit 9 and a position limiting guide unit 10. Both ends of the position limiting guide unit 10 are slidably connected to the battery rack 8 via a track assembly, ensuring that the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 is ejected along a predetermined direction. The rear end of the position limiting guide unit 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic drive unit 9, while the other end of the hydraulic drive unit 9 is fixedly connected to the battery rack 8.

[0047] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive unit 9 includes a hydraulic accumulator and a fast solenoid valve. The fast solenoid valve is connected to the control mechanism signal transmission and is used to complete the rapid release of hydraulic oil within 0.2 seconds after receiving the trigger signal to achieve instantaneous ejection force output.

[0048] Furthermore, rollers are provided at the bottom of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 to reduce friction and ensure that the ejection mechanism 2 is smoothly ejected from the battery rack 8 when it is activated. The rollers are universal rollers evenly distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1.

[0049] Furthermore, a sealing strip is provided along the circumference of the edge of the container hatch 5 to isolate the battery compartment from the external environment. The sealing strip maintains negative pressure in the compartment through an air pressure sealing device to prevent external air from flowing back and causing secondary combustion.

[0050] Furthermore, the sealing strip is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material.

[0051] Furthermore, an elastic buffer layer is provided along the circumference of the edge of the ejection window panel 6 to reduce the impact force when the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 is ejected.

[0052] Furthermore, the motor is an explosion-proof servo motor equipped with a position feedback sensor. The feedback sensor and the motor are both connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. The feedback sensor is used to monitor the opening state of the ejection window panel 6 in real time and feed back to the control mechanism.

[0053] A method for operating a battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1: Detection: The battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly 3 and the battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly 4 monitor the temperature, smoke, and H2 and CO concentrations in the battery compartment in real time. The battery module composite detector 7 monitors the cell temperature and internal combustible gas of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 in real time.

[0055] S2: Signal triggering: When any one of the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly 3, the battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly 4, and the battery module composite detector 7 detects a thermal runaway signal (high temperature, smoke, or combustible gas concentration exceeding the standard), it determines that the trigger condition is met and sends a trigger signal to the control mechanism;

[0056] The trigger condition is any of the following:

[0057] The battery compartment temperature detected by the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor component 3 is greater than or equal to the preset battery compartment temperature threshold;

[0058] The battery compartment smoke concentration detected by the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor component 3 is greater than or equal to the preset battery compartment smoke concentration threshold;

[0059] The H2 concentration detected by the battery compartment combustible gas detection component 4 is ≥ the preset battery compartment H2 threshold;

[0060] The CO concentration detected by the battery compartment combustible gas detection component 4 is ≥ the preset battery compartment CO threshold;

[0061] The cell temperature detected by the battery module composite detector 7 is greater than or equal to the preset cell temperature threshold;

[0062] The H2 / CO concentration inside the battery cell detected by the battery module composite detector 7 is ≥ the preset battery cell gas concentration threshold;

[0063] S3: Linked execution: After the control mechanism receives the trigger signal, it synchronously controls the motor 12 to open the ejection window panel 6 and starts the hydraulic drive unit 9 of the ejection mechanism 2;

[0064] S4: Ejection: The ejection mechanism 2 ejects the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 along the battery rack 8 through the limiting guide unit 10, so that the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 is separated from the battery compartment through the ejection window, thereby not affecting the safety status of other liquid-cooled energy storage battery modules 1 and preventing heat diffusion caused by combustion.

[0065] After receiving the trigger signal, the control mechanism opens the ejection window panel 6 first, and starts the ejection mechanism 2 0.5-1 second later after the ejection window panel 6 is fully opened, so as to ensure that the ejection path is unobstructed.

[0066] The ejection speed of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 is 1-2m / s, and the ejection distance is ≥1.5 meters outside the battery compartment to ensure complete isolation from adjacent battery modules and the compartment.

[0067] S5: Isolation: The sealing strip of the container hatch 5 keeps the hatch sealed after the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module 1 is ejected, preventing heat from diffusing to the external environment.

[0068] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0069] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting device for ejecting battery modules in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system, characterized by: include An ejection mechanism (2) is mounted on a battery rack (8) in the battery compartment and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the rear end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1), and is used to eject the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1) along the battery rack (8) when triggered; The ejection window plate (6) is sealed in a one-to-one correspondence with the ejection window provided on the container hatch (5) of the liquid-cooled energy storage system, and is connected to the output shaft of the motor (12). The ejection window is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1), and the size of the ejection window is larger than the outer dimensions of the corresponding liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1); A control mechanism is used to link the liquid-cooled energy storage system, the ejection mechanism (2) and the ejection window panel (6).

2. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism (2) includes a hydraulic drive unit (9) and a position limiting guide unit (10); both ends of the position limiting guide unit (10) are slidably connected to the battery rack (8), the rear end of the position limiting guide unit (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic drive unit (9), and the other end of the hydraulic drive unit (9) is fixedly connected to the battery rack (8).

3. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive unit (9) comprises a hydraulic accumulator and a fast solenoid valve, wherein the fast solenoid valve is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission and is used for releasing the hydraulic oil after receiving a trigger signal.

4. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rollers are provided at the bottom of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1).

5. A battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The edge of the container hatch (5) is provided with a sealing strip for isolating the battery compartment from the external environment.

6. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing strip is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material.

7. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic buffer layer is provided on the edge of the ejection window plate (6) to reduce the impact force when the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1) is ejected.

8. The battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is an explosion-proof servo motor equipped with a position feedback sensor. The feedback sensor and the motor are both connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission. The feedback sensor is used to monitor the opening state of the ejection window panel (6) in real time and feed back to the control mechanism.

9. A battery module ejection fire-fighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The ejection fire-fighting device also includes: A battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly (3) is installed on the top of the battery compartment and is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission, and is used to detect high temperature signals and smoke signals in the battery compartment; A battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly (4), installed on the top of the battery compartment, includes an H2 combustible gas detector and a CO combustible gas detector, is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission, and is used to detect the combustible gas concentration in the battery compartment; The battery module composite detector (7) is installed at the front end of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1), comprises an H2 sensor, a CO sensor and a temperature sensor, is in direct contact with the battery cell group of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1), performs PACK-level detection on the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1), is connected to the control mechanism for signal transmission, and is used for real-time monitoring of the battery cell surface temperature and internally leaked combustible gas.

10. A method for operating a battery module ejection firefighting device in a battery compartment of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Detection: The battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly (3) and the battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly (4) monitor the temperature, smoke, H2, and CO concentrations in the battery compartment in real time, and the battery module composite detector (7) monitors the cell temperature and internal combustible gas of the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1) in real time; S2: Signal triggering: When any one of the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor assembly (3), the battery compartment combustible gas detection assembly (4), and the battery module composite detector (7) detects a thermal runaway signal, it determines that the trigger condition is met and sends a trigger signal to the control mechanism; The trigger condition is any of the following: The battery compartment temperature detected by the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor component (3) is greater than or equal to a preset battery compartment temperature threshold; The battery compartment smoke concentration detected by the battery compartment temperature and smoke sensor component (3) is greater than or equal to a preset battery compartment smoke concentration threshold; The H2 concentration detected by the battery compartment combustible gas detection component (4) is ≥ the preset battery compartment H2 threshold; The CO concentration detected by the battery compartment combustible gas detection component (4) is greater than or equal to a preset battery compartment CO threshold; The battery cell temperature detected by the battery module composite detector (7) is greater than or equal to a preset battery cell temperature threshold; The H2 / CO concentration inside the battery cell detected by the battery module composite detector (7) is ≥ a preset battery cell gas concentration threshold; S3: Linked execution: After the control mechanism receives the trigger signal, the synchronous control motor (12) opens the ejection window panel (6) and starts the hydraulic drive unit (9) of the ejection mechanism (2); S4: Ejection: The ejection mechanism (2) ejects the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1) along the battery rack (8) through the limiting guide unit (10), so that the liquid-cooled energy storage battery module (1) is separated from the battery compartment through the ejection window.

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