Automatic press-fitting mechanism and method for conical surface interference fit

Abstract

The invention relates to a conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism, which comprises a guide screw rod, a hollow jack, a pressing cylinder and a hydraulic output device, wherein the guide screw rod is screwed on a containing piece in a screw-thread fit manner, the hydraulic output device can automatically adjust the flow rate, the flow speed and the direction of oil liquid, and an oil channel capable of leading the oil liquid into an interference fit surface is formed in the containing piece; the guide screw extends out of an inner taper hole of the containing piece along the central axis, the contained piece, the pressing cylinder and the hollow jack are sequentially arranged on the guide screw in a sleeving mode from inside to outside, and the gasket and the locking nut are assembled at the outer end of the guide screw to press the hollow jack on the pressing cylinder and push the contained piece into the inner taper hole of the containing piece. The hydraulic output device is communicated with the hollow jack through an axial hydraulic guide pipe and communicated with the oil duct through a radial hydraulic guide pipe, and the hollow jack is controlled by the hydraulic output device to extend to press the contained piece into the containing piece inner taper hole. The automatic press-fitting device is high in quality, safe, reliable and high in efficiency. The invention further provides a conical surface interference fit automatic press fitting method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic press-fitting mechanism and method for interference fit of a conical surface, belonging to the technical field of interference fit press-fitting of a conical surface. Background Art

[0002] Conical interference fit connections are often used during the manufacturing, installation, transportation, and maintenance of equipment. Conical interference fits utilize the interference fit between parts to achieve the desired connection. Keyways are not required, stress concentration is eliminated, and the parts fit tightly together, achieving high centering accuracy and capable of transmitting a certain amount of torque. The mating surfaces of the containing and contained parts are often machined into conical shapes. When the contained part is press-fitted onto the containing part using a certain axial force, a certain amount of interference is generated between the mating surfaces, generating a certain amount of radial pressure on the mating surfaces, forming a conical interference fit connection. When the connection is subjected to a certain amount of torque, frictional resistance, or frictional resistance torque, is generated on the mating surfaces to resist and transmit the external load. In order to ensure that the fit maintains good performance after multiple disassembly and assembly, the disassembly and assembly of conical interference fit connections often adopts a hydraulic disassembly and assembly method, that is, high-pressure oil is injected between the mating surfaces to expand the inner diameter of the containing part and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part. During installation, the contained part is pressed axially into the containing part while high-pressure oil is injected between the mating surfaces. During disassembly, the contained part is pulled axially out of the containing part while high-pressure oil is injected between the mating surfaces, thereby reducing scratches on the mating surfaces during disassembly and assembly. For example, the pinion of the traction motor (the contained part) is pressed into the inner conical hole (the containing part) of the rotating shaft by hydraulic pressing. When using this method, oil holes and oil channels are often machined on the contained part, and oil holes and oil grooves are also opened on the containing part to guide the oil to the mating surfaces through the oil holes or oil channels. Special disassembly and assembly tools are required, such as radial pumps for introducing oil into the oil holes or oil channels, jacks, and axial pumps for supplying oil to the jacks. However, the existing technology has the following disadvantages: 1. The press-fitting process requires cooperation between two operators operating the axial pump and the radial pump, which requires high skill levels of the operators, has a low degree of automation, and has low tool operation efficiency, which reduces the beat of the press-fitting production line.

[0003] 2. The initial fit between the contained parts and the containing parts relies on manual pushing, and the consistency of the initial fit is difficult to ensure, which affects the reliability and accuracy of the press-fitting.

[0004] 3. After the contained part is pressed into place, the moment the radial pump output pressure is released, the component will move forward slightly. This movement is uncontrollable and affects the press-fitting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The automatic press-fit mechanism for conical surface interference fit provided by the present invention avoids the need for manual pushing to form the initial compression between the contained part and the containing part, and can achieve slow pressure relief. This improves the automation level of conical surface interference fit press-fitting, enhances the efficiency and reliability of press-fitting, and effectively increases the tact time of the press-fitting production line, resulting in high-quality, safe, reliable, and efficient automated press-fitting of conical surface interference fit. The present invention also provides a method for automatic press-fitting of conical surface interference fit.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An automatic pressing mechanism for interference fit of a conical surface is characterized in that it includes a guide screw threadedly tightened on the containing part, a hollow jack, a pressure cylinder and a hydraulic output device that can automatically adjust the flow, flow rate and direction of the oil. An oil channel is opened in the contained part to introduce oil to the interference fit surface. The guide screw extends from the inner tapered hole of the containing part along the central axis. The contained part, the pressure cylinder and the hollow jack are sequentially sleeved on the guide screw from the inside to the outside. A washer and a locking nut are assembled at the outer end of the guide screw to press the hollow jack onto the pressure cylinder and push the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part. The hydraulic output device is connected to the hollow jack through an axial hydraulic conduit and to the oil channel through a radial hydraulic conduit. The hollow jack extends under the control of the hydraulic output device to press the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic output device includes a shell with a travel wheel at the bottom, the shell is equipped with a radial hydraulic oil circuit connected to the radial hydraulic conduit, an axial hydraulic oil circuit connected to the axial hydraulic conduit, and a controller for controlling the flow, flow rate and direction of the oil in the radial hydraulic oil circuit and the axial hydraulic oil circuit, and the control interface of the controller is exposed from the front side of the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the oil inlet of the hollow jack is equipped with a one-way stop valve, and a digital pressure gauge is installed on the one-way stop valve. One end of the axial hydraulic conduit is connected to the one-way stop valve, and the other end is connected to the axial hydraulic oil circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the oil passage extends to the outer end surface of the contained part, and an oil nozzle connected to the oil passage is installed on the outer end surface of the contained part. One end of the radial hydraulic conduit is connected to the oil nozzle, and the other end is connected to the radial hydraulic oil circuit. A gap is provided on the pressure cylinder through which the oil supply nozzle and the radial hydraulic conduit extend.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a magnetic meter base, one end of the magnetic meter base is adsorbed on the containing part, and the other end clamps a displacement sensor connected to the controller signal transmission, and the detection end of the displacement sensor contacts the outer end surface of the contained part.

[0011] Preferably, the docking port of the axial hydraulic oil circuit and the docking port of the radial hydraulic oil circuit are respectively installed on the side of the outer shell, both ends of the radial hydraulic conduit are plugs that can be quickly connected with the docking port and the oil nozzle, and both ends of the axial hydraulic conduit are plugs that can be quickly connected with the one-way stop valve and the docking port.

[0012] The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fit method adopts the above-mentioned conical surface interference fit automatic press-fit mechanism to press-fit the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part, and positions the containing part before press-fitting. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: The first step is to tighten the lead screw onto the containing part, and then put the contained part, the pressure cylinder and the hollow jack onto the lead screw from the inside out. Use washers and fastening bolts to tighten the hollow jack, and push the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part. The second step is to connect the oil channel and the hydraulic output device with a radial hydraulic conduit, and connect the hollow jack and the hydraulic output device with an axial hydraulic conduit; The third step is to start the hydraulic output device to make the hollow jack apply initial pressure to the contained part and initially compress the contained part; The fourth step is to use the hydraulic output device to supply oil to the radial hydraulic conduit and the axial hydraulic conduit, so that the hollow jack extends and pushes the contained part axially into the containing part, and the oil in the oil channel enters the interference fit surface between the contained part and the containing part to expand the inner diameter of the containing part and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part; In the fifth step, when the contained part is pressed into place, the hydraulic output device relieves the pressure on the oil channel and maintains the pressure on the hollow jack. After the pressure maintenance is completed, the hollow jack is relieved to form an interference fit between the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part.

[0013] Preferably, a displacement sensor in contact with the outer end surface of the contained part is used to sense the real-time inward displacement of the contained part when the hollow jack is extended, and the sensing information is transmitted to the controller of the hydraulic output device. When the controller determines that the contained part is pressed into place based on the received sensing information, the controller controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit to relieve pressure on the oil channel, and controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit to maintain pressure on the hollow jack.

[0014] Preferably, when the contained part is pressed into place, the controller controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit to stop supplying oil to the radial hydraulic conduit and reduces the opening of the radial hydraulic oil circuit to reduce the flow rate of the oil in the oil channel back to the radial hydraulic oil circuit, thereby forming a slow pressure relief for the oil channel.

[0015] Preferably, when the contained part is pressed into place, the controller controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit to stop supplying oil to the axial hydraulic conduit, then closes the one-way stop valve and pulls the axial hydraulic conduit off the one-way stop valve, thereby forming an independent pressure maintenance for the hollow jack, and the pressure and pressure maintenance time of the hollow jack are monitored in real time by a digital pressure gauge. After the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack is completed, the axial hydraulic conduit is re-connected to the one-way stop valve, and then the one-way stop valve is opened to allow the oil in the hollow jack to flow back to the axial hydraulic oil circuit through the one-way stop valve, thereby unloading the pressure on the hollow jack.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the invention are: The invention provides an automatic press-fitting mechanism for interference fit of a conical surface, wherein a guide screw is screwed on the containing part to form an assembly guide for the contained part, the pressing cylinder and the hollow jack, thereby improving the press-fitting accuracy. The hydraulic output device is connected to the hollow jack through an axial hydraulic conduit and is connected to the oil channel through a radial hydraulic conduit. During press-fitting, the hydraulic output device supplies oil to the axial hydraulic conduit and the radial hydraulic conduit, so that the hollow jack is extended to press the contained part axially into the containing part, and the oil is allowed to enter between the interference fit surfaces to expand the inner diameter of the containing part and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part, thereby ensuring that the interference fit surfaces are not damaged when the contained part is pressed in. After the contained part is press-fitted into place, the hydraulic output device is used to relieve pressure on the oil channel and The hollow jack is pressurized to form a reliable conical interference fit between the contained parts and the containing parts; the flow direction, flow rate and flow rate of the oil in the radial hydraulic conduit and the axial hydraulic conduit are controlled by manipulating the hydraulic output device, thereby realizing the expansion and contraction of the hollow jack, oil transportation and pressure relief of the oil channel, avoiding the use of manual pushing to form the initial compression between the contained parts and the containing parts, and forming slow pressure relief to avoid the slight forward movement of the contained parts caused by instantaneous pressure relief, thereby improving the automation level of the conical interference fit press-fitting, improving the efficiency and reliability of the press-fitting, effectively improving the beat of the press-fitting production line, and forming a high-quality, safe, reliable and efficient conical interference fit automated press-fitting.

[0017] A one-way stop valve is installed at the oil inlet of the hollow jack. When the one-way stop valve is closed, the hollow jack can form independent pressure maintenance. The digital pressure gauge monitors the pressure and time of the hollow jack during pressure maintenance, which is convenient for the operator to monitor the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack and avoid the impact of insufficient pressure maintenance time on the pressing quality. The hollow jack performs independent and monitorable pressure maintenance. During the independent pressure maintenance of the hollow jack, the hydraulic output device can be used for press-fitting of another set of containing parts and contained parts, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the pressing tool and thus accelerating the beat of the pressing production line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism of the present invention when press-fitting the contained part.

[0019] Figure 2The figure is an assembly diagram of the guide screw, hollow jack, pressure cylinder, contained part and containing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following combination Figures 1 and 2 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0021] The automatic pressing mechanism for interference fit of a conical surface is characterized in that it includes a guide screw 1, a hollow jack 2, a pressure cylinder 3 and a hydraulic output device 4 that can automatically adjust the flow rate, flow velocity and direction of the oil. An oil channel 5 is opened in the contained part 101 to introduce oil into the interference fit surface. The guide screw 1 extends from the inner tapered hole of the containing part 100 along the central axis. The contained part 101, the pressure cylinder 3 and the hollow jack 2 are sequentially sleeved on the guide screw 1 from the inside to the outside. The outer end of the guide screw 1 is assembled with a washer and a locking nut to press the hollow jack 2 on the pressure cylinder 3 and push the contained part 101 into the inner tapered hole of the containing part 100. The hydraulic output device 4 is connected to the hollow jack 2 through an axial hydraulic conduit 6 and is connected to the oil channel 5 through a radial hydraulic conduit 7. The hollow jack 2 extends under the control of the hydraulic output device 4 to press the contained part 101 into the inner tapered hole of the containing part 100.

[0022] The above-mentioned conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism, the guide screw 1 is tightened on the containing part 100, forming an assembly guide for the contained part 101, the pressing cylinder 3 and the hollow jack 2, improving the press-fitting accuracy, the hydraulic output device 4 is connected to the hollow jack 2 through the axial hydraulic conduit 6, and is connected to the oil channel 5 through the radial hydraulic conduit 7. During press-fitting, the hydraulic output device supplies oil to the axial hydraulic conduit 6 and the radial hydraulic conduit 7, so that the hollow jack 2 stretches to press the contained part 101 axially into the containing part 100, and allows the oil to enter the interference fit surface to expand the inner diameter of the containing part 100 and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part 101, ensuring that the interference fit surface is not damaged when the contained part 101 is pressed in. After the contained part 101 is press-fitted into place, the hydraulic The output device 4 relieves pressure on the oil channel 5 and maintains pressure on the hollow jack 2, so that the contained part 101 and the containing part 100 form a reliable conical surface interference fit; by manipulating the hydraulic output device 4 to control the flow direction, flow rate and flow rate of the oil in the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and the axial hydraulic conduit 5, the expansion and contraction of the hollow jack and the oil channel oil delivery and pressure relief are realized, avoiding the use of manual push to form the initial compression between the contained part and the containing part, and can form slow pressure relief, avoiding the slight forward movement of the contained part caused by instantaneous pressure relief, thereby improving the automation level of the conical surface interference fit press-fitting, improving the efficiency and reliability of the press-fitting, effectively improving the beat of the press-fitting production line, and forming a conical surface interference fit automated press-fitting with high press-fitting quality, safety, reliability and high efficiency.

[0023] Among them, the hydraulic output device 4 includes a shell with a running wheel at the bottom, and the shell is equipped with a radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 connected to the radial hydraulic conduit 7, an axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 connected to the axial hydraulic conduit 6, and a controller 43 for controlling the flow, flow rate and direction of the oil in the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 and the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42. The control interface of the controller 43 is exposed from the front side of the shell. The radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 is controlled by the controller 43 to transport oil to the radial hydraulic conduit 7, so that the oil enters the interference fit surface, thereby expanding the inner diameter of the containing part 100 and reducing the outer diameter of the contained part 101. The axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 is controlled by the controller 43 to transport oil to the axial hydraulic conduit 6 to extend the hollow jack 2 and press the contained part 101 into the containing part 100. After the press-fitting is completed and the pressure is released, the oil in the oil channel 5 flows back to the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 through the radial hydraulic conduit 7. When the hollow jack 2 is depressurized, the oil in it flows back to the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 through the axial hydraulic conduit 6.

[0024] Among them, the oil inlet of the hollow jack 2 is equipped with a one-way stop valve 8, and a digital pressure gauge 9 is installed on the one-way stop valve 8. One end of the axial hydraulic conduit 6 is connected to the one-way stop valve 8, and the other end is connected to the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42. After the contained part 101 is pressed into place, the oil channel 2 needs to be depressurized and the hollow jack 2 needs to be pressurized for a period of time to prevent the contained part 101 from moving outward after the oil between the interference fit surfaces of the oil channel 2 is depressurized and the oil flows out. A one-way stop valve 8 is installed at the oil inlet of the hollow jack 2. When the one-way stop valve 8 is closed, the hollow jack 2 can form independent pressure maintenance. The digital pressure gauge 9 monitors the pressure and time of the hollow jack 2 during pressure maintenance, which is convenient for the operator to monitor the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2 and avoid the impact of insufficient pressure maintenance time on the pressing quality. The hollow jack 2 performs independent and monitorable pressure maintenance. During the independent pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2, the hydraulic output device can be used for press-fitting of another set of containing parts and contained parts, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the pressing tool and thus accelerating the beat of the pressing production line.

[0025] The oil passage 5 extends to the outer end surface of the contained part 100. An oil nozzle 10 communicating with the oil passage 5 is mounted on the outer end surface of the contained part 100. One end of the radial hydraulic conduit 7 is connected to the oil nozzle 10, and the other end is connected to the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41. A notch is provided on the pressure cylinder 3 for the oil supply nozzle 10 and the radial hydraulic conduit 7 to extend out. The oil nozzle 10 is used to connect the radial hydraulic conduit 7 with the oil passage 5. The oil nozzle 10 can be screwed onto the end of the oil passage 5 through a threaded fit. A corresponding notch is provided on the pressure cylinder 3 to prevent the arrangement of the oil nozzle 10 and the radial hydraulic conduit 7 from interfering with the compression of the pressure cylinder 3 and the contained part 101.

[0026] The device further includes a magnetic base 11, one end of which is attached to the containing part 100, and the other end of which holds a displacement sensor 12 connected to the controller 43 for signal transmission. The detection end of the displacement sensor 12 contacts the outer end surface of the contained part 101. During press-fitting, the displacement sensor 12 measures the inward displacement of the outer end surface of the contained part 101 in real time and transmits the sensing signal to the controller 43, thereby enabling the controller 43 to monitor the press-fit displacement of the contained part 100 in real time. When the press-fit displacement of the contained part 100 reaches a preset press-fitting displacement, the controller 43 controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 and the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 to stop supplying oil to the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and the axial hydraulic conduit 6, thereby achieving precise control over the press-fitting displacement of the contained part 101.

[0027] The docking ports for the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 and the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 are mounted on the side of the housing 1. Both ends of the radial hydraulic conduit 7 are plugs that quickly connect with the docking ports and the nozzle 10. Both ends of the axial hydraulic conduit 6 are plugs that quickly connect with the one-way shut-off valve 8 and the docking ports. The radial hydraulic conduit 7 is connected to the nozzle 10 and the radial hydraulic cylinder 41 using plug-in connections, while the axial hydraulic conduit 6 is connected to the one-way shut-off valve 8 and the axial hydraulic circuits using plug-in connections. This improves docking and disconnection efficiency and enhances operational convenience.

[0028] The present invention also protects a method for automatic press-fitting of a conical surface interference fit, which uses the above-mentioned automatic press-fitting mechanism for a conical surface interference fit to press-fit the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part, and positions the containing part 100 before press-fitting. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: The first step is to tighten the lead screw 1 onto the containing part 100, and then put the contained part 101, the pressure cylinder 3, and the hollow jack 2 onto the lead screw 1 from the inside out. Use washers and fastening bolts to tighten the hollow jack 2, and push the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part 100. The second step is to connect the oil channel 5 and the hydraulic output device 4 with the radial hydraulic conduit 7, and connect the hollow jack 2 and the hydraulic output device 4 with the axial hydraulic conduit 6; The third step is to start the hydraulic output device 4 so that the hollow jack 2 applies initial pressure to the contained part 101 to preliminarily compress the contained part 101; In the fourth step, the hydraulic output device 4 is used to supply oil to the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and the axial hydraulic conduit 6, so that the hollow jack 2 extends and pushes the contained part 101 axially into the containing part 100, and the oil in the oil passage 5 enters the interference fit between the contained and containing parts to increase the inner diameter of the containing part 100 and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part 101. In the fifth step, when the contained part 100 is pressed into place, the hydraulic output device 4 relieves the pressure on the oil channel 5 and maintains the pressure on the hollow jack 2. After the pressure maintenance is completed, the hollow jack 2 is relieved to form an interference fit between the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part.

[0029] In the press-fitting method described above, during press-fitting, the hydraulic output device supplies oil to the axial hydraulic conduit 6 and the radial hydraulic conduit 7, so that the hollow jack 2 stretches to press the contained part 101 axially into the containing part 100. At the same time, the oil enters the interference fit surface to expand the inner diameter of the containing part 100 and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part 101, ensuring that the interference fit surface is not damaged when the contained part 101 is pressed into place. After the contained part 101 is press-fitted into place, the hydraulic output device 4 is used to relieve the pressure on the oil channel 5 and maintain the pressure on the hollow jack 2, so that the contained part 101 and the containing part 100 form a reliable conical surface. Interference fit; by manipulating the hydraulic output device 4 to control the flow direction, flow rate and flow rate of the oil in the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and the axial hydraulic conduit 6, the expansion and contraction of the hollow jack 2 and the oil delivery and pressure relief of the oil channel 5 are realized, avoiding the use of manual push to form the initial compression of the contained parts and the containing parts, and can form slow pressure relief, avoiding the slight forward movement of the contained parts caused by instantaneous pressure relief, improving the automation level of the conical surface interference fit press-fitting, improving the efficiency and reliability of the press-fitting, effectively improving the beat of the press-fitting production line, and forming a conical surface interference fit automated press-fitting with high press-fitting quality, safety, reliability and high efficiency.

[0030] The displacement sensor 12, which contacts the outer end surface of the enclosed part, senses the real-time inward displacement of the enclosed part as the hollow jack 2 extends, and transmits the sensing information to the controller 43 of the hydraulic output device 4. When the controller 43 determines that the enclosed part 101 has been pressed into place based on the received sensing information, it controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit 7 to relieve pressure on the oil channel 5 and controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit 6 to maintain pressure on the hollow jack 2. The displacement sensor 12 measures the inward displacement of the outer end surface of the enclosed part 101 in real time, and transmits the sensing signal to the controller 43, thereby enabling the controller 43 to monitor the press-fit displacement of the enclosed part 100 in real time. When the press-fit displacement of the enclosed part 100 reaches a preset press-fit displacement, the controller 43 controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 and the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 to stop supplying oil to the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and the axial hydraulic conduit 6, thereby achieving precise control of the press-fit displacement of the enclosed part.

[0031] When the contained component 101 is pressed into place, the controller 43 controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41 to stop supplying oil to the radial hydraulic conduit 7 and reduce the opening of the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41. This reduces the flow rate of the oil in the oil passage 5 back into the radial hydraulic oil circuit 41, resulting in slow pressure relief of the oil passage 5. This prevents instantaneous pressure relief in the oil passage 5 and any slight forward movement of the contained component caused by this relief, thereby improving press-fit reliability.

[0032] Among them, when the contained part 101 is pressed into place, the controller 43 controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 to stop supplying oil to the axial hydraulic conduit 6, and then closes the one-way stop valve 8 and pulls the axial hydraulic conduit 6 off the one-way stop valve 8, forming an independent pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2, and uses the digital pressure gauge 9 to monitor the pressure and pressure maintenance time of the hollow jack 2 in real time. After the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2 is completed, the axial hydraulic conduit 6 is re-connected with the one-way stop valve 8, and then the one-way stop valve 8 is opened to allow the oil in the hollow jack 2 to flow back to the axial hydraulic oil circuit 42 through the one-way stop valve 8, thereby unloading the pressure on the hollow jack. When the one-way stop valve 8 is closed, the hollow jack 2 can form an independent pressure maintenance. The digital pressure gauge 9 can monitor the pressure and time of the hollow jack 2 during pressure maintenance, which is convenient for the operator to monitor the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2 and avoid the insufficient pressure maintenance time affecting the pressing quality. The hollow jack 2 performs independent and monitorable pressure maintenance. During the independent pressure maintenance of the hollow jack 2, the hydraulic output device can be used for the press-fitting of another set of containing parts and contained parts, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the pressing tool and thus accelerating the rhythm of the pressing production line.

[0033] The above fully describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Automatic press-fit mechanism for conical surface interference fit, characterized by: It includes a guide screw threadedly tightened on the containing part, a hollow jack, a pressure cylinder and a hydraulic output device that can automatically adjust the flow, flow rate and direction of the oil. An oil channel is opened in the contained part to introduce oil to the interference fit surface. The guide screw extends from the inner tapered hole of the containing part along the central axis. The contained part, the pressure cylinder and the hollow jack are sequentially sleeved on the guide screw from the inside to the outside. The outer end of the guide screw is assembled with a washer and a locking nut to press the hollow jack onto the pressure cylinder and push the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part. The hydraulic output device is connected to the hollow jack through an axial hydraulic conduit and to the oil channel through a radial hydraulic conduit. The hollow jack extends under the control of the hydraulic output device to press the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part.

2. The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic output device includes a shell with a travel wheel at the bottom, the shell is equipped with a radial hydraulic oil circuit connected to the radial hydraulic conduit, an axial hydraulic oil circuit connected to the axial hydraulic conduit, and a controller for controlling the flow, flow rate and direction of the oil in the radial hydraulic oil circuit and the axial hydraulic oil circuit, and the control interface of the controller is exposed from the front side of the shell.

3. The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil inlet of the hollow jack is equipped with a one-way stop valve, and a digital pressure gauge is installed on the one-way stop valve. One end of the axial hydraulic conduit is connected to the one-way stop valve, and the other end is connected to the axial hydraulic oil circuit.

4. The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil passage extends to the outer end surface of the contained part, and an oil nozzle connected to the oil passage is installed on the outer end surface of the contained part. One end of the radial hydraulic conduit is connected to the oil nozzle, and the other end is connected to the radial hydraulic oil circuit. A gap is provided on the pressure cylinder through which the oil supply nozzle and the radial hydraulic conduit extend.

5. The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a magnetic meter base, one end of which is adsorbed on the containing part, and the other end clamps a displacement sensor connected to the controller signal transmission, and the detection end of the displacement sensor contacts the outer end surface of the contained part.

6. The conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The docking port of the axial hydraulic oil circuit and the docking port of the radial hydraulic oil circuit are respectively installed on the side of the shell. Both ends of the radial hydraulic conduit are plugs that can be quickly connected with the docking port and the oil nozzle, and both ends of the axial hydraulic conduit are plugs that can be quickly connected with the one-way stop valve and the docking port.

7. A method for automatic press-fitting of a conical surface interference fit, wherein the conical surface interference fit automatic press-fitting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to press-fit the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part, and the containing part is positioned before press-fitting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step is to tighten the lead screw onto the containing part, and then put the contained part, the pressure cylinder and the hollow jack onto the lead screw from the inside out. Use washers and fastening bolts to tighten the hollow jack, and push the contained part into the inner tapered hole of the containing part. The second step is to connect the oil channel and the hydraulic output device with a radial hydraulic conduit, and connect the hollow jack and the hydraulic output device with an axial hydraulic conduit; The third step is to start the hydraulic output device to make the hollow jack apply initial pressure to the contained part and initially compress the contained part; The fourth step is to use the hydraulic output device to supply oil to the radial hydraulic conduit and the axial hydraulic conduit, so that the hollow jack extends and pushes the contained part axially into the containing part, and the oil in the oil channel enters the interference fit surface between the contained part and the containing part to expand the inner diameter of the containing part and reduce the outer diameter of the contained part; In the fifth step, when the contained part is pressed into place, the hydraulic output device relieves the pressure on the oil channel and maintains the pressure on the hollow jack. After the pressure maintenance is completed, the hollow jack is relieved to form an interference fit between the conical surfaces of the contained part and the containing part.

8. The automatic press-fit method for conical surface interference fit according to claim 7, characterized in that: A displacement sensor in contact with the outer end surface of the contained part is used to sense the real-time inward displacement of the contained part when the hollow jack is extended, and the sensing information is transmitted to the controller of the hydraulic output device. When the controller determines that the contained part is pressed into place based on the received sensing information, the controller controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit to relieve pressure on the oil channel, and controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit to maintain pressure on the hollow jack.

9. The automatic press-fit method for conical surface interference fit according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the contained part is pressed into place, the controller controls the radial hydraulic oil circuit to stop supplying oil to the radial hydraulic conduit and reduce the opening of the radial hydraulic oil circuit to reduce the flow rate of the oil in the oil channel back to the radial hydraulic oil circuit, thereby forming a slow pressure relief for the oil channel.

10. The automatic press-fit method for conical surface interference fit according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the contained part is pressed into place, the controller controls the axial hydraulic oil circuit to stop supplying oil to the axial hydraulic conduit, then closes the one-way stop valve and pulls the axial hydraulic conduit off the one-way stop valve, forming an independent pressure maintenance for the hollow jack. The pressure and pressure maintenance time of the hollow jack are monitored in real time by a digital pressure gauge. After the pressure maintenance of the hollow jack is completed, the axial hydraulic conduit is re-connected to the one-way stop valve, and then the one-way stop valve is opened to allow the oil in the hollow jack to flow back to the axial hydraulic oil circuit through the one-way stop valve, thereby unloading the pressure on the hollow jack.

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