Flexible vulcanization pressurizing structure, vulcanization pressurizing device and vulcanization pressurizing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, a vulcanization pressurization device and a vulcanization pressurization method thereof, when a rubber flexible sealing scheme is used in an artificial chamber type gas storage, the structure needs to be used for performing vulcanization construction on the lap joint part of a rubber plate, and the device comprises a hollow shell, a metal telescopic bag body and a flexible heating mechanism; the device comprises the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure. The method is applied to the vulcanization pressurizing device. The flexible vulcanization pressurization structure breaks through the limitation of a traditional pressing plate, errors between the lining and the pressing plate are automatically adapted through a flexible material and an adjustable structure, when the pressing plate is attached to the radian of the lining, pressure can be evenly applied to the lap joint position of rubber plates, and the bias pressure problem is avoided. According to the innovative design, the requirements for lining trolleys and construction quality are reduced, the vulcanization quality is guaranteed, the sealing effect and stability of the sealing layer are improved, an efficient and reliable scheme is provided for artificial chamber type gas storage construction, and technical innovation and quality upgrading in the field of energy storage are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial chamber type gas storage, and in particular to a flexible vulcanization and pressurization structure, a vulcanization and pressurization device and a vulcanization and pressurization method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of artificial chamber-type gas storage, rubber-based flexible sealing solutions, with their excellent elasticity and sealing properties, have become an important choice for ensuring the airtightness of gas storage facilities. During actual construction, vulcanization of the rubber sheet joints is a key step in ensuring the integrity and tightness of the sealing layer, and the use of pressurized vulcanization equipment plays a key role in this process.

[0003] Flexible sealing layers are typically applied to the inner surface of gas storage linings to form a tight barrier to prevent gas leakage. Traditional vulcanization platens are carefully crafted based on the theoretical dimensions of the lining. Ideally, such platens fit perfectly with the lining, applying uniform pressure to the overlapped rubber sheets and ensuring vulcanization quality. However, in actual construction scenarios, due to manufacturing errors in the lining trolley formwork itself, as well as various factors during construction such as foundation settlement and improper operation, the actual dimensions of the lining often deviate significantly from the theoretical values.

[0004] This deviation is specifically reflected in the mismatch between the curvature of the lining and the curvature of the vulcanized platen. When the curvature of the vulcanized platen does not match the actual curvature of the lining, problems of bias or uneven force will occur at the overlap of the rubber sheets. In the biased state, some areas are subjected to excessive pressure, which may cause the rubber sheets to be over-vulcanized, resulting in a decrease in their physical properties, hardening, embrittlement, and other phenomena; while areas with uneven force may not be fully vulcanized due to insufficient pressure, resulting in gaps in the overlap, making it difficult to ensure airtightness. This quality defect will not only seriously affect the quality of the vulcanized overlap, but also pose a great threat to the overall sealing effect and long-term stability of the sealing layer. As the operating time of the gas storage facility increases, leakage may gradually occur in the weak parts of the sealing layer, leading to safety accidents and posing potential risks to energy storage and the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible vulcanization pressurizing structure, a vulcanization pressurizing device and a vulcanization pressurizing method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems in the above-mentioned prior art that the pressure plate can flexibly adapt to the errors existing between the lining and the pressure plate, avoid bias or uneven force, reduce the requirements for the lining trolley and construction quality, and improve the vulcanization quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides one of the following technical solutions: a flexible vulcanization pressurization structure. When a rubber-based flexible sealing solution is used in an artificial chamber-type gas storage, this structure needs to be used to perform vulcanization construction on the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets. The device includes:

[0007] A hollow shell 1, wherein the lower portion of the hollow shell 1 has an arc-shaped opening;

[0008] A metal telescopic bladder 2 is located in the hollow shell 1 and is provided with a water inlet interface;

[0009] A flexible heating mechanism 3 is mounted on the hollow housing 1 and is located below the metal telescopic capsule 2;

[0010] Among them, when the metal telescopic bag 2 enters the high-pressure water through the water inlet interface, the metal telescopic bag 2 expands and deforms, so that the flexible heating mechanism 3 fits tightly against the overlapping parts of the rubber sheet and heats the overlapping parts, so that the rubber sheet completes the rubber-type flexible seal of the artificial chamber type gas storage.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible heating mechanism 3 includes:

[0012] A plurality of heating body mounting blocks 301, wherein the lower surface of each heating body mounting block 301 is an arc-shaped surface;

[0013] A plurality of heating bodies 302, which are fixedly mounted in corresponding heating body mounting blocks 301;

[0014] A plurality of heating body baffles 303, which are used to shield the corresponding heating body 302, and each of the heating body baffles 303 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding heating body mounting block 301;

[0015] a plurality of rotating members 304;

[0016] Each heating body mounting block 301 is connected end to end via a rotating member 304 .

[0017] Furthermore, the heating body mounting blocks 301 located at both side edges mount the flexible heating mechanism 3 on the lower surface of the hollow housing 1 through the locking members 305 .

[0018] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides another technical solution as follows: a vulcanization pressurization device, which includes the above-mentioned flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, and also includes: a main support body 4, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the corresponding hollow shell 1.

[0019] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides another technical solution as follows: a vulcanization pressurization method, which is applied to the above-mentioned vulcanization pressurization device, and the method comprises:

[0020] S1, install the flexible vulcanization pressure structure and the main support body 4 on the external vulcanization equipment;

[0021] S2. Determine the vulcanization pressure when the flexible vulcanization pressure structure is loaded with the rubber sheet according to the pre-qualified vulcanization parameter requirements;

[0022] S3. Connect the water inlet of the metal bellows 2 to an external high-pressure water pump, turn on the high-pressure water pump to fill water into the metal bellows 2, and make the pressure of the metal bellows 2 greater than the pressure of the vulcanization plate by 0.5 MPa;

[0023] S4, turning on the power of the heating body 302 to raise the flexible heating mechanism 3 to a preset temperature;

[0024] S5. Control the peripheral vulcanization equipment to press the flexible vulcanization pressure structure down to the surface of the rubber sheet until the preset time is met and the vulcanization is completed.

[0025] In this technical solution, the flexible vulcanized pressure structure overcomes the design limitations of traditional pressure plates. Its flexible structure allows it to flexibly adapt to any misalignment between the lining and the pressure plate. By utilizing flexible materials and an adjustable structural design, the pressure plate automatically adjusts its contact with the lining surface based on the actual curvature, ensuring uniform and stable pressure on the overlapping rubber sheets, thus avoiding biased or uneven force.

[0026] This innovative design significantly reduces the requirements for the lining trolley and construction quality, ensuring high-quality vulcanization even with certain dimensional errors in the lining. This not only improves vulcanization quality, ensuring a reliable seal and long-term stability of the sealing layer, but also provides a more efficient and reliable construction solution for artificial chamber-type gas storage, significantly promoting technological advancement and improving engineering quality in the energy storage field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a side view of the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the vulcanization pressurizing device.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Hollow shell; 2. Metal telescopic capsule; 3. Flexible heating mechanism; 301. Heating body mounting block; 302. Heating body; 303. Heating body baffle; 304. Rotating part; 4. Main support body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure is used when a rubber-type flexible sealing solution is used in an artificial chamber-type gas storage. This structure is required to perform vulcanization construction on the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets. The device includes:

[0037] The hollow shell 1 has an arc-shaped opening at its lower portion.

[0038] Specifically, the design of the hollow shell 1, which serves as the main frame of the entire flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, involves multiple considerations. The unique arc-shaped opening design at the bottom of the shell is carefully crafted based on the arc-shaped features of the inner surface of the lining of the artificial chamber-type gas storage reservoir. This design not only fits the structural form of the gas storage reservoir lining, but also creates conditions for the close fit between the vulcanization pressurization structure and the inner surface of the lining during actual construction. The precise curvature of the arc-shaped opening can effectively reduce the gap between the structure and the lining, avoiding the problem of pressure dispersion during the pressurization process. At the same time, the design of the hollow structure allows the internal space to be fully utilized, providing a reasonable layout space for the installation of the metal telescopic bladder 2 and the flexible heating mechanism 3, and ensuring the coordinated function of the functions of each component. In addition, the hollow shell 1 is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant alloy materials, with excellent mechanical strength and durability, and can withstand the pressure and temperature changes during the vulcanization process under complex construction environments, ensuring the stability and safety of the structure.

[0039] The metal telescopic bladder 2 is located in the hollow shell 1 and is provided with a water inlet interface.

[0040] Specifically, the metal bellows 2, located within the hollow shell 1, is the core component for achieving flexible pressurization. The water inlet port on its surface is the key entry point for the pressure regulation system. During the vulcanization process, high-pressure water is injected into the metal bellows 2 through the water inlet port, causing the bellows to expand and deform under the action of the water pressure. The metal material gives the bellows excellent rigidity and pressure resistance, allowing it to evenly transfer water pressure to the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets during the expansion process. The telescopic properties of the metal bellows 2 enable it to flexibly adjust its shape according to the error between the actual and theoretical dimensions of the lining. When there are local depressions or protrusions on the lining surface, the metal bellows 2 can adaptively deform and fit to ensure uniform pressure on the rubber sheet, effectively solving the problem of biased pressure or uneven force caused by dimensional errors in traditional vulcanization pressure plates. Furthermore, the metal bellows 2 has a rapid filling and drainage function, which can quickly release pressure after vulcanization is completed, facilitating the disassembly and movement of the equipment and improving construction efficiency.

[0041] The flexible heating mechanism 3 is installed on the hollow shell 1 and is located below the metal bellows 2 .

[0042] Specifically, the flexible heating mechanism 3, which is installed on the hollow shell 1 and located below the metal telescopic capsule 2, is a key device for temperature control during the vulcanization process. The vulcanization reaction has strict temperature requirements. The appropriate temperature can promote the cross-linking reaction of rubber molecules and ensure the quality of vulcanization. The flexible heating mechanism 3 uses advanced flexible heating materials, such as flexible electric heating film, which has good flexibility and thermal conductivity. It can fit tightly on the surface of the rubber sheet to achieve uniform heating. When working in conjunction with the metal telescopic capsule 2, the flexible heating mechanism 3 provides a stable temperature environment for the rubber sheet while applying pressure, allowing the vulcanization reaction to proceed under optimal conditions. In addition, the flexible heating mechanism 3 is also equipped with a high-precision temperature sensor and an intelligent control system, which can monitor and adjust the temperature in real time. According to the material of the rubber sheet and the vulcanization process requirements, the heating temperature and time can be accurately controlled to avoid vulcanization defects caused by excessively high or low temperatures, further improving the quality and reliability of the vulcanization construction.

[0043] Furthermore, the flexible heating mechanism 3 includes:

[0044] There are multiple heating body mounting blocks 301 , and the lower surface of each heating body mounting block 301 is an arc-shaped surface.

[0045] Specifically, a plurality of heating body mounting blocks 301 constitute the basic bearing unit of the flexible heating mechanism 3. The lower surface of each mounting block is designed to be a curved surface that matches the curvature of the inner surface of the lining of the artificial chamber-type gas storage reservoir. This design enables it to fit closely to the curved surface of the lining surface. When the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure is working, the curved surface of the heating body mounting block 301 can effectively reduce the air gap between it and the rubber sheet, reduce thermal resistance, and thus improve heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the heating body mounting block 301 is made of high-strength, high-temperature resistant composite materials, which can not only provide a stable support for the internally installed heating body 302, but also maintain the stability of the structure in a high-temperature environment, avoiding the influence of heat deformation on the heating effect and the normal operation of the equipment. In addition, its modular design facilitates installation, disassembly and maintenance. If a mounting block fails, it can be quickly replaced, reducing equipment downtime and improving construction efficiency.

[0046] A plurality of heating bodies 302 are fixedly installed in corresponding heating body mounting blocks 301 .

[0047] Specifically, the heating body 302, as a key component that directly generates heat, is fixedly installed inside the corresponding heating body mounting block 301. These heating bodies usually adopt high-efficiency resistance heating elements or electromagnetic induction heating elements, which have the characteristics of fast heating speed and high heat conversion efficiency. In terms of design, the power distribution of the heating body 302 has been accurately calculated and optimized to ensure the formation of a uniform temperature field at the overlap of the rubber sheet. Rubber sheets of different specifications and materials have different requirements for vulcanization temperature. The heating body 302 can be customized according to actual needs to meet diverse construction conditions. At the same time, the heating body 302 has good insulation properties, which can effectively prevent the risk of leakage under high-temperature working conditions and ensure the safety of construction workers. The reasonable design of its internal heat dissipation structure can avoid damage to components due to overheating and extend its service life.

[0048] A plurality of heating body baffles 303 are used to shield the corresponding heating body 302 , and each of the heating body baffles 303 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding heating body mounting block 301 .

[0049] Specifically, the multiple heating body baffles 303 play a dual role in the flexible heating mechanism 3. On the one hand, they act like a solid protective barrier, tightly shielding the corresponding heating body 302 to prevent dust, water vapor and other impurities from entering the interior of the heating body during construction, and to avoid the accumulation of impurities affecting the normal operation of the heating body or even causing a short circuit failure. On the other hand, the heating body baffles 303 are made of a material with specific heat-reflecting properties, which can reasonably guide the heat generated by the heating body 302, reduce the loss of heat to non-working areas, and make the heat more concentrated on the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets, further improving the heating efficiency and heat utilization rate. In addition, a tight fixed connection method is adopted between the heating body baffles 303 and the heating body mounting block 301, which not only ensures the protection and heat-guiding functions, but also enhances the structural strength of the entire heating mechanism.

[0050] A plurality of rotating members 304 .

[0051] Specifically, the moving part 304 is the key component that gives the flexible heating mechanism 3 flexibility. Each heating body mounting block 301 is connected to each other end to end through the rotating part 304, forming a flexibly deformable chain structure. This connection method enables the flexible heating mechanism 3 to be adaptively adjusted according to the actual shape changes of the lining surface. When there are irregular bumps or curvature changes on the lining surface, the rotating part 304 allows relative rotation between adjacent heating body mounting blocks 301, so that the entire heating mechanism can fit closely to the complex curved surface shape, ensuring that every part of the rubber sheet can be evenly heated. The rotating part 304 adopts a high-precision bearing or hinge structure with low friction and high wear resistance. It can still maintain stable connection performance during frequent rotation, ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of the flexible heating mechanism 3. At the same time, the installation and disassembly of the rotating part 304 is also relatively convenient, which facilitates the maintenance and adjustment of the heating mechanism.

[0052] Each heating body mounting block 301 is connected end to end via a rotating member 304 .

[0053] Specifically, through the coordinated work of multiple heating body mounting blocks 301, heating bodies 302, heating body baffles 303 and rotating parts 304, the flexible heating mechanism 3 realizes efficient, uniform and flexible heating functions, provides an ideal temperature environment for the vulcanization construction of rubber sheets, and effectively guarantees the implementation quality of the rubber flexible sealing solution for artificial chamber-type gas storage.

[0054] Furthermore, the heating body mounting blocks 301 located at both side edges mount the flexible heating mechanism 3 on the lower surface of the hollow housing 1 through the locking members 305 .

[0055] Specifically, the locking member 305 serves as a connecting hub between the flexible heating mechanism 3 and the hollow shell 1, and its design fully considers the convenience of installation and the reliability of connection. The locking member 305 usually adopts a high-strength bolt-nut combination structure, or a snap-on structure with a quick locking function. During the installation process, the heating body mounting block 301 located at the edges of both sides of the flexible heating mechanism 3 is provided with a mounting hole or a slot adapted to the locking member 305, and the lower surface of the hollow shell 1 is correspondingly provided with a threaded hole or a positioning slot. By passing the locking member 305 through the mounting hole of the heating body mounting block 301 and screwing it into the threaded hole of the hollow shell 1, or accurately embedding the snap-on locking member 305 into the corresponding slot, the flexible heating mechanism 3 can be quickly and firmly fixed to the hollow shell 1.

[0056] This connection method not only ensures the stability of the flexible heating mechanism 3 during equipment transportation and installation, preventing loosening of components due to factors such as vibration, but also facilitates subsequent disassembly and maintenance of the flexible heating mechanism 3. When components such as the heating element 302 and the heating element baffle 303 need to be repaired or replaced, the flexible heating mechanism 3 can be separated from the hollow housing 1 by simply loosening the locking member 305, significantly improving the maintainability of the equipment. Furthermore, the material of the locking member 305 has been specially treated to provide excellent high-temperature and corrosion resistance. Even in the high-temperature and humid environment of vulcanization construction, it can maintain stable connection strength, ensuring the continuous and reliable operation of the flexible heating mechanism 3.

[0057] Among them, when the metal telescopic bag 2 enters the high-pressure water through the water inlet interface, the metal telescopic bag 2 expands and deforms, so that the flexible heating mechanism 3 fits tightly against the overlapping parts of the rubber sheet and heats the overlapping parts, so that the rubber sheet completes the rubber-type flexible seal of the artificial chamber type gas storage.

[0058] Specifically, once the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure is in place, the metal bellows 2 and flexible heating mechanism 3 begin to collaborate in performing the vulcanization task. First, high-pressure water is injected into the bellows 2 through its water inlet port. As the high-pressure water continues to flow, the metal bellows 2, due to its excellent ductility and pressure resistance, begins to expand and deform. This expansion is not simply a volume increase, but rather an adaptive expansion based on the actual shape of the lining's inner surface.

[0059] During expansion, the metal bellows 2 gradually pushes the flexible heating mechanism 3 toward the overlapping portion of the rubber sheet. Because the heating element mounting blocks 301, connected by the rotating member 304, are flexible and deformable, they can conform closely to the irregular curves of the rubber sheet when pushed by the metal bellows 2, ensuring full contact between the heating element 302 and the entire overlapping portion. Simultaneously, the heating element 302 within the flexible heating mechanism 3 begins operating under the control of the control system. The efficient resistance or electromagnetic induction heating elements rapidly heat up and evenly transfer heat to the rubber sheet.

[0060] Under the continuous pressure exerted by the metal bellows 2, the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets not only receive sufficient heat to initiate the vulcanization reaction, but also achieve tight molecular cross-linking under uniform pressure. As the heating and pressurization process continues, the rubber sheets gradually complete vulcanization, forming a strong sealing layer, achieving a rubber-like flexible seal for the artificial chamber-type gas storage. When the vulcanization process is completed, the high-pressure water in the metal bellows 2 is discharged through the drainage interface, the bladder then contracts, and the flexible heating mechanism 3 is separated from the rubber sheet. The entire flexible vulcanization and pressurization structure enters a standby or disassembly state, ready for the next construction.

[0061] Through the secure installation of the locking piece 305 and the efficient coordination between the metal telescopic bag 2 and the flexible heating mechanism 3, the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure successfully solves the problems of loose fitting and uneven heating in traditional vulcanization construction, significantly improving the construction quality and sealing performance of the rubber sealing layer of the artificial chamber-type gas storage, and providing a solid guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the gas storage.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the vulcanization pressurization device includes the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure described in the above embodiment 1, and the device also includes: a main support body 4, one end of which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the corresponding hollow shell 1.

[0064] Specifically, the main supports 4, serving as the foundational load-bearing structure of the vulcanization and pressurization device, are designed with full consideration for the complex construction environment of artificial chamber-type gas storage facilities. One end of each main support 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the corresponding hollow shell 1 using high-strength bolts or welding, forming a stable support system. Typically constructed from high-strength alloy steel or carbon fiber composite materials, the main supports 4 possess excellent compressive strength and rigidity, effectively supporting the weight of the flexible vulcanization and pressurization structure, the metal bellows 2, and the flexible heating mechanism 3, while maintaining structural stability during the vulcanization process.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] A vulcanization pressurization method, which is applied to the vulcanization pressurization device described in the above embodiment 2, comprises:

[0067] S1, install the flexible vulcanization pressure structure and the main support body 4 on the external vulcanization equipment;

[0068] Specifically, before installation, a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, the main support body 4, and the peripheral vulcanization equipment is required. Carefully inspect the various components of the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, such as the hollow shell 1 for deformation or cracks, the water inlet interface of the metal telescopic bladder 2, and the heating body mounting block 301 and heating body 302 of the flexible heating mechanism 3 for signs of looseness or damage. At the same time, check the connection points and support structure of the main support body 4 to ensure that they are normal and that their materials are free of rust and deformation. For peripheral vulcanization equipment, check whether their lifting systems, control systems, hydraulic systems, etc. are operating properly and whether the connections between components are secure.

[0069] After the inspection is completed, use a dust-free cloth and special cleaning agent to clean all equipment surfaces to remove dust, oil and other impurities to prevent these pollutants from affecting the installation accuracy and operating performance of the equipment. Pay special attention to the surface of the heating element of the flexible heating mechanism 3 to avoid residual impurities affecting the heating effect.

[0070] Conduct a detailed survey of the construction site to confirm the spatial layout and lining structure of the artificial chamber-type gas storage facility. Plan the installation path and location based on the design drawings and actual site conditions to ensure the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure and main support 4 can be installed smoothly and will not interfere with other facilities in the chamber during subsequent operations. Also, rationally arrange the placement of construction personnel and equipment, reserving sufficient operating space to ensure safe and efficient installation.

[0071] Prepare all necessary installation tools, such as torque wrenches, levels, laser locators, screwdrivers, and wrenches, ensuring their accuracy and performance meet installation requirements. Also, prepare any auxiliary materials that may be needed during installation, such as sealants, gaskets, bolts, and nuts, ensuring that the specifications and models match the equipment.

[0072] Based on the pre-planned installation location, use a laser locator to precisely locate the mounting point of the main support 4, ensuring it is perpendicular to the ground or aligned with the designed angle. Align one end of the main support 4 with the mounting interface on the external vulcanizing equipment and secure it with bolts for a preliminary fix, but do not fully tighten to allow for subsequent adjustments.

[0073] Use a level to check the verticality of the main support 4. Fine-tune the position and angle of the main support 4 to keep the verticality error within the allowable range. Also, check the stability of the main support 4 by gently shaking it to confirm that there is no noticeable wobble. If there is any wobble, further adjust the installation position or reinforce the connection.

[0074] After ensuring that the verticality and stability of the main support 4 meet the requirements, use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts in sequence according to the specified torque value to complete the secure connection between the main support 4 and the external vulcanizing equipment. During the tightening process, follow the principle of symmetrical tightening to avoid deformation of the main support 4 or loose connection due to uneven force.

[0075] The upper surface of the hollow shell 1 of the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure is butted against the other end of the main support 4, aligning them with the pre-set connection holes. Use appropriate bolts and nuts to connect the two. Similarly, perform preliminary fixation first to facilitate subsequent fine-tuning of the position and angle of the flexible vulcanized pressurized structure.

[0076] Using the laser locator again, the position and angle of the flexible vulcanization and pressurization structure were calibrated using the designed curvature of the inner surface of the artificial chamber gas storage lining as a reference. The curved working surface of flexible heating mechanism 3 was adjusted specifically to ensure that its curvature deviation from the inner surface of the lining was within the specified range (e.g., within ±2mm) to ensure a close fit with the rubber sheet during vulcanization.

[0077] After confirming the correct position and angle of the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, reinforce all joints and tighten the bolts again to ensure a secure and reliable connection. Apply sealant to areas where gaps may exist to prevent leakage or other problems during the vulcanization process that could affect the vulcanization effect.

[0078] After installation is complete, perform a visual inspection of the entire installation structure to check whether the components are tightly connected, whether there is any looseness or misalignment, and whether there are any damage or scratches on the surface. If any problems are found, repair or adjust them in a timely manner.

[0079] Start the lifting system of the external vulcanizing equipment and lift the installed flexible vulcanizing pressurized structure. Observe whether the lifting process is smooth and stable, and whether there are any jams or abnormal noises. Check whether the limit device of the lifting system is working properly to ensure that the flexible vulcanizing pressurized structure can be accurately lifted to the preset position.

[0080] Perform a pressure test on the metal bellows 2. Slowly inject a pressure medium (such as gas or liquid) into the metal bellows 2 using an external pressure test device and observe the pressure changes and deformation of the metal bellows 2. Check the water inlet interface and connection points for leaks to ensure that the metal bellows 2 can function properly under pressure and is properly sealed.

[0081] Turn on the power to the heating element 302 of the flexible heating mechanism 3, set different temperature levels, and observe the temperature rise and temperature control accuracy of the heating element 302. Use a temperature sensor to detect the temperature distribution on the surface of the flexible heating mechanism 3 to ensure that the temperature uniformity meets the requirements and that the heating system can operate stably.

[0082] According to the design requirements and actual installation conditions, relevant parameters of the vulcanizing equipment are calibrated, such as lifting speed, pressure control range, temperature setting value, etc. This ensures that the equipment parameters are accurate and provides reliable guarantee for subsequent vulcanizing operations.

[0083] S2. Determine the vulcanization pressure when the flexible vulcanization pressure structure is loaded with rubber sheets according to the pre-qualified vulcanization parameter requirements.

[0084] Specifically, different types of rubber materials (such as nitrile rubber and EPDM rubber) require different vulcanization pressures due to their different molecular structures. Detailed information is required regarding the rubber sheet's Shore hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and the vulcanization system formula. For example, rubber with a high sulfur vulcanization system requires higher pressure to promote crosslinking, while rubber using a peroxide vulcanization system is less sensitive to pressure. Furthermore, the thickness of the rubber sheet is a key factor. For every 1mm increase in thickness, the vulcanization pressure should theoretically increase by 0.1-0.2 MPa to ensure even penetration of heat and pressure.

[0085] Strictly adhere to relevant national and industry standards (such as GB / T1689-2014, "Determination of Wear Resistance of Vulcanized Rubber," and NB / T10318-2019, "Design Specifications for Surface Engineering of Gas Storage Reservoirs"), and combine the design pressure rating and service life requirements of artificial chamber-type gas storage to clearly define the minimum limit and safety threshold for vulcanization pressure. For example, the vulcanization pressure of sealing rubber used in high-pressure gas storage must ensure that the resulting sealing layer can withstand the long-term test of 1.2 times the design pressure.

[0086] Consider the maximum pressure-bearing capacity of the metal bellows in the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure, the structural strength of the main support, and the pressure control accuracy of the external vulcanization equipment. If the rated working pressure of the metal bellows is 3.0 MPa, a 20% safety margin must be included in the actual vulcanization pressure to prevent damage from overpressure. Furthermore, if the equipment's pressure control accuracy is ±0.05 MPa, this tolerance must be accounted for when calculating the vulcanization pressure.

[0087] Based on the rubber vulcanization kinetics theory, the vulcanization pressure is preliminarily calculated using the empirical formula method:

[0088] P=P0+α·H+β·T

[0089] Where: P is the target vulcanization pressure (MPa); P0 is the base pressure (valued according to the rubber type, such as P0 = 1.5MPa for nitrile rubber); α is the hardness correction factor (usually 0.01-0.03); H is the rubber Shore hardness value; β is the temperature correction factor (taking into account the influence of ambient temperature on rubber viscosity); T is the ambient temperature (℃).

[0090] 3D laser scanning is used to obtain the actual curvature of the lining, and finite element analysis (FEA) is used to simulate the deformation of the rubber sheet under different pressures. When the curvature deviation of the lining exceeds ±5mm, the pressure is increased by 0.02-0.03MPa per millimeter to ensure a tight fit between the sealing layer and the lining.

[0091] If multiple layers of rubber sheets are stacked and vulcanized, an additional pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa is required to overcome the interlayer interface resistance. For construction in low temperature environments (<5°C), the vulcanization pressure needs to be increased by 10-15% to compensate for the negative impact of low-temperature hardening of the rubber material.

[0092] In a laboratory setting, we use a small vulcanization testing machine to simulate field conditions and perform rubber vulcanization tests at different pressures. By testing the tensile strength, tear strength, compression set, and other performance indicators of the vulcanized rubber, we draw a pressure-performance curve and determine the optimal vulcanization pressure range.

[0093] The determined vulcanization pressure value is entered into the vulcanization equipment's intelligent control system, and upper and lower pressure alarm thresholds are set (e.g., target pressure ±0.1 MPa). During the actual construction process, a pressure sensor collects real-time pressure data from the metal bellows. Once the threshold is exceeded, the system automatically triggers an audible and visual alarm and suspends operations, ensuring a safe and controllable vulcanization process.

[0094] S3. Connect the water inlet interface of the metal bellows 2 to an external high-pressure water pump, turn on the high-pressure water pump to fill water into the metal bellows 2, so that the pressure of the metal bellows 2 is greater than the vulcanization plate pressure by 0.5 MPa.

[0095] Specifically, before connecting the water inlet interface to the high-pressure water pump, carefully inspect the metal bellows 2, the high-pressure water pump, and the connecting piping. Visually inspect the surface of the metal bellows 2 for scratches, dents, or damage. Focus on inspecting the sealing structure of the water inlet interface to ensure the seal is not aged or deformed, and that the threaded joints are not stripped. Also, check the operating status of the high-pressure water pump to confirm that its pressure gauge, control valve, motor, and other components are functioning properly, and that the pump's rated pressure meets the pressure requirements of the metal bellows 2 (typically 10%-20% higher than the target pressure).

[0096] The connecting pipes should be made of high-pressure resistant and corrosion-resistant materials (such as stainless steel braided hoses). Check the pipes for cracks, loose joints, and other problems. Use compressed air to purge the pipes to remove residual impurities and moisture inside to prevent foreign matter from entering the metal bellows 2 and causing blockage or damage.

[0097] Recheck the established vulcanization platen pressure value and examine the parameters of the high-pressure water pump's pressure control system. Compare and calibrate the high-pressure water pump's pressure sensor against a standard pressure gauge to ensure the pressure display accuracy is within ±0.02 MPa. Furthermore, based on the vulcanization process requirements, preset the target pressure value for the metal bellows 2 (i.e., vulcanization platen pressure + 0.5 MPa) in the high-pressure water pump control system, and set upper and lower pressure alarm thresholds (e.g., target pressure ±0.05 MPa) to ensure safety during the pressure loading process.

[0098] Connect the outlet of the high-pressure water pump to the water inlet of the metal bellows 2 using a quick connector or threaded connector. Ensure the connectors are aligned to prevent seal failure due to misalignment. Use a torque wrench to tighten the threaded connector to the specified torque (e.g., 15-20 N·m) to ensure a secure connection. For quick connectors, check that the locking mechanism is fully engaged and apply waterproof sealant to the connection to further enhance the seal and prevent leakage during water filling.

[0099] After the connection is complete, open the exhaust valve on top of the metal bellows 2, start the high-pressure water pump, and inject water into the pipeline at a low rate (approximately 20% of the rated flow rate). Observe the water flow from the exhaust valve. When the water flow is continuous and there are no bubbles, close the exhaust valve to ensure that all air in the metal bellows 2 and the connecting pipeline is completely exhausted to prevent residual air from affecting pressure transmission and the expansion of the bellows.

[0100] Water is filled into the metal bellows 2 using a staged pressure-increasing method to prevent sudden pressure surges from impacting the bellows and equipment. In the first stage, the pressure is increased at a rate of 0.1-0.2 MPa / min to 50% of the target pressure. During this process, the expansion of the metal bellows 2, the sealing of the joints, and the operation of the high-pressure water pump are closely monitored. In the second stage, the pressure increase rate is reduced to 0.05-0.1 MPa / min, and water filling continues to 80% of the target pressure. In the third stage, the pressure is slowly increased at an extremely low rate (0.02-0.03 MPa / min) to the target pressure (i.e., the vulcanized platen pressure + 0.5 MPa), and the pressure is maintained stable.

[0101] During the water filling process, the pressure inside the metal bellows 2 is monitored in real time. Dual monitoring is performed using the high-pressure water pump's built-in pressure sensor and an independent pressure sensor mounted on the bellows to ensure accurate and reliable data. If the pressure rises too quickly or exceeds the preset upper pressure alarm threshold, the high-pressure water pump is immediately shut off and the pressure relief valve is slowly opened to reduce the pressure. If the pressure rises slowly or fails to reach the target pressure, the pipeline is checked for leaks and the water pump is operating properly. After troubleshooting, continue filling.

[0102] When the pressure reaches the target value, keep the high-pressure water pump running and enter the pressure holding stage. Continuously monitor the pressure changes to ensure that the pressure of the metal bellows 2 is stable within the target value ±0.03MPa during the subsequent vulcanization operation.

[0103] After each water filling operation, clean and maintain the metal bellows 2, high-pressure water pump, and connecting pipes. Drain any remaining water in the pipes to prevent rust or ice from damaging the equipment. Inspect the surface and joints of the metal bellows 2 for wear and deformation, and replace any damaged parts promptly. Perform routine maintenance on the high-pressure water pump, such as checking the lubricating oil level and cleaning the filter, to ensure the equipment is in good operating condition and ready for the next vulcanization operation.

[0104] S4. Turn on the power of the heating body 302 to increase the flexible heating mechanism 3 to a preset temperature.

[0105] Specifically, before powering on the heater 302, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the entire electrical system of the flexible heating mechanism 3. Use an insulation resistance tester to check the insulation resistance of the heater 302 to ensure it is no less than 500MΩ to prevent safety hazards caused by leakage. Inspect the power cable for damage, aging, or exposed wiring, particularly checking the connections between the cable, the heater 302, and the control switch for signs of looseness or oxidation.

[0106] At the same time, tighten the terminals in the heater mounting block 301 using a torque screwdriver to the specified torque (approximately 3-5 N·m) to ensure a stable and reliable electrical connection. Also, check that the heater baffle 303 is intact to avoid exposing the heater 302 due to a missing baffle, which could affect heating uniformity or cause burns.

[0107] Debug the temperature control system supporting the flexible heating mechanism 3. Check the temperature sensor's correct installation position to ensure it can accurately and in real time collect temperature data from the rubber sheet surface and the heating element 302. Compare and calibrate the temperature sensor's measurement with a high-precision standard thermometer, ensuring the error is within ±1°C.

[0108] Recheck and re-enter the preset temperature value in the temperature control system. Depending on the rubber sheet material and the vulcanization process requirements, the preset temperature is typically between 150-180°C (e.g., nitrile rubber vulcanization temperature is 160-170°C). Also, set the heating rate, over-temperature alarm threshold (generally ±5°C from the preset temperature), and allowable temperature fluctuation range (±2°C) to provide precise control parameters for the subsequent heating process.

[0109] To prevent internal stress or local overheating in the rubber sheet due to sudden temperature rise, the heating element 302 is activated in a staged heating method. In the first stage, the heating element 302 is activated at a low power (approximately 40% of the rated power), causing the flexible heating mechanism 3 to slowly heat up to 80-100°C at a rate of 3-5°C / min. The main purpose of this stage is to preheat the rubber sheet and reduce its internal temperature difference. In the second stage, the heating power is increased to 60%-70%, and the heating rate is adjusted to 2-3°C / min. The temperature continues to rise to 80% of the preset temperature. In the third stage, the rated power is used for heating, and the temperature is gradually increased at a rate of 1-2°C / min to the preset temperature, and then the temperature is maintained at a constant temperature.

[0110] Because the flexible heating mechanism 3 is composed of multiple heating elements 302, to ensure uniform heating of the overlapping areas of the rubber sheet, each heating element needs to be controlled in a coordinated manner. Based on the shape and thickness distribution of the rubber sheet, as well as the curvature of the lining, the flexible heating mechanism 3 is divided into several heating zones (e.g., 16 independently temperature-controlled zones). The control system monitors the temperature data of each zone in real time and automatically adjusts the power output of the corresponding heating element 302. For example, for areas with greater thickness or significant curvature changes, the heating power is appropriately increased to keep the temperature deviation of the entire rubber sheet surface within ±3°C.

[0111] S5. Control the peripheral vulcanization equipment to press the flexible vulcanization pressure structure down to the surface of the rubber sheet until the preset time is met and the vulcanization is completed.

[0112] Specifically, before starting the external vulcanization equipment to perform the downward pressure operation, a final comprehensive inspection of the entire vulcanization pressurization device is required. Confirm that the pressure of the metal bellows 2 is stable at the target value (vulcanization platen pressure + 0.5MPa) and that the pressure fluctuation range is within ±0.03MPa. Check that the temperature of the flexible heating mechanism 3 has reached the preset value, the temperature deviation of each area is controlled within the range of ±2°C, and the temperature control system is operating normally. At the same time, review the connection between the main support body 4 and the external vulcanization equipment and the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure to ensure that the bolts are not loose, the structure has not shifted, and the safety devices such as the anti-loosening safety pin are intact.

[0113] Using a combination of high-definition cameras and manual inspection, the rubber sheet's surface is inspected for impurities, wrinkles, or damage, ensuring it is clean and smooth. Simultaneously, the inner surface of the artificial chamber-type gas storage lining undergoes a secondary cleaning to remove dust, oil, and other foreign matter that could affect the fit. Furthermore, a laser rangefinder measures the gap between the rubber sheet and the flexible heating mechanism 3 at multiple points to ensure it is uniform and meets design requirements (generally no more than 1 mm), avoiding uneven pressure transmission due to excessive local gaps.

[0114] To prevent a rigid collision between the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure and the rubber sheet surface, the external vulcanization equipment is activated using a graded downward pressure method. In the first stage, the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure is lowered at a low speed (approximately 5mm / min) to a position 5-10mm from the rubber sheet surface. This stage is mainly used for fine-tuning the equipment position. In the second stage, the descent speed is adjusted to 2-3mm / min, and downward pressure is continued until the curved working surface of the flexible heating mechanism 3 makes initial contact with the rubber sheet surface. In the third stage, downward pressure is slowly applied at an extremely low speed (1-2mm / min), while the pressure changes of the metal bellows 2 are monitored in real time. When the pressure rises slightly (approximately 0.05-0.1MPa), it indicates that the flexible heating mechanism 3 is in close contact with the rubber sheet, and the downward pressure operation is immediately stopped.

[0115] During the downward pressure process, dual feedback control is implemented using the displacement sensor of the external vulcanization equipment and the pressure sensor of the metal bellows 2. When the displacement sensor detects that the flexible vulcanization pressurization structure has reached the preset downward pressure position, but the pressure sensor indicates that the pressure has not reached the expected value, the system automatically pauses the downward pressure and activates the pressure compensation mechanism of the metal bellows 2, slightly increasing the pressure until the required pressure is met. Conversely, if the pressure reaches the target value too early, the system will slow down or pause the downward pressure to prevent damage to the rubber sheet or equipment due to excessive pressure.

[0116] The curing time setting requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the rubber sheet's material, thickness, curing temperature, and pressure. Based on a rubber curing kinetics model, combined with laboratory simulation data and empirical engineering formulas, theoretical curing times are calculated for different operating conditions. For example, for 5mm thick nitrile rubber, the theoretical curing time is approximately 20-25 minutes at a curing temperature of 165°C and a pressure of 2.0 MPa. In practice, a safety margin of 10-15% is added to this value, resulting in a preset curing time of 25-30 minutes.

[0117] During the vulcanization process, three core parameters, temperature, pressure, and time, are continuously monitored. The temperature control system records the temperature data of each zone of the flexible heating mechanism 3 in real time, ensuring that temperature fluctuations do not exceed ±2°C. The pressure sensor collects the pressure value of the metal bellows 2 every 10 seconds. When the pressure drops by more than 0.1MPa, the high-pressure water pump is automatically activated to replenish the pressure. At the same time, a timing device accurately records the vulcanization time. When the time reaches 80% of the preset value, the system issues an early warning, reminding the operator to prepare to end the vulcanization operation.

[0118] In addition, infrared thermal imagers and ultrasonic detectors are used to non-contact monitor the internal vulcanization status of the rubber sheet. The infrared thermal imager generates a real-time image of the temperature distribution within the rubber sheet to determine whether there is local overheating or insufficient heating. The ultrasonic detector analyzes changes in the acoustic impedance within the rubber sheet to assess the degree of cross-linking of the rubber molecules. If uneven vulcanization is detected, the heating power is adjusted or the vulcanization time is extended in a timely manner.

[0119] The above description is merely illustrative of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It goes without saying that those skilled in the art will be able to modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. Flexible vulcanized pressurized structure, characterized in that: When a rubber-type flexible sealing solution is used in an artificial cavern-type gas storage, this structure is required to vulcanize the overlapping parts of the rubber sheets. The device includes: A hollow shell (1), wherein the lower portion of the hollow shell (1) has an arc-shaped opening; A metal telescopic bladder (2) is located in the hollow shell (1), and a water inlet interface is provided on the metal telescopic bladder (2); A flexible heating mechanism (3) is installed on the hollow shell (1) and is located below the metal telescopic capsule (2).

2. The flexible vulcanized pressurized structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the metal telescopic bag (2) enters high-pressure water through the water inlet interface, the metal telescopic bag (2) expands and deforms, causing the flexible heating mechanism (3) to closely fit the overlapping portion of the rubber sheet and heat the overlapping portion, so that the rubber sheet completes the rubber-type flexible seal of the artificial chamber-type gas storage.

3. The flexible vulcanized pressurized structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible heating mechanism (3) comprises: A plurality of heating body mounting blocks (301), wherein the lower surface of each heating body mounting block (301) is an arc-shaped surface; A plurality of heating bodies (302) are fixedly mounted in corresponding heating body mounting blocks (301); A plurality of heating body baffles (303) are used to shield corresponding heating bodies (302), and each heating body baffle (303) is fixedly mounted on a corresponding heating body mounting block (301).

4. The flexible vulcanized pressurized structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible heating mechanism (3) further comprises a plurality of rotating members (304), and each heating body mounting block (301) is connected end to end via the rotating members (304).

5. The flexible vulcanized pressurized structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating body mounting blocks (301) located at the edges of both sides mount the flexible heating mechanism (3) on the lower surface of the hollow shell (1) through the locking members (305).

6. Vulcanization pressurizing device, characterized in that, The device comprises the flexible vulcanization pressurized structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprises: a main support body (4), one end of which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the corresponding hollow shell (1).

7. The flexible vulcanized pressurized structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other end of the main support body (4) is mounted on an external vulcanizing device.

8. The vulcanization pressurization method is characterized in that: The method is applied to the vulcanization pressurizing device according to claim 7, and the method comprises: S1, installing the flexible vulcanization pressurized structure and the main support body (4) on the external vulcanization equipment; S2. Determine the vulcanization pressure when the flexible vulcanization pressure structure is loaded with the rubber sheet according to the pre-qualified vulcanization parameter requirements; S3, connecting the water inlet interface of the metal bellows (2) to an external high-pressure water pump, turning on the high-pressure water pump to fill water into the metal bellows (2), so that the pressure of the metal bellows (2) is greater than the pressure of the vulcanization plate by 0.5 MPa; S4, turning on the power supply of the heating body (302) to raise the flexible heating mechanism (3) to a preset temperature; S5. Control the peripheral vulcanization equipment to press the flexible vulcanization pressure structure down to the surface of the rubber sheet until the preset time is met and the vulcanization is completed.

Images