A compensation device and method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy

Abstract

The application discloses a compensation device and method for improving 3D printing motion precision, the device comprises a test plate and a nozzle assembly, the test plate is installed on a printing plate of a printing equipment, is provided with a standard positioning hole with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing, an auxiliary hole is arranged on the periphery of the hole to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the bushing, a magnet mounting hole (the depth is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the thickness of the plate, the number is greater than or equal to 4) is arranged at the bottom to realize stable detachable connection, the edge of the plate and the edge of the positioning hole are chamfered, and the nozzle assembly is installed on a motion mechanism and can touch the wall surface of the positioning hole under program control, and the coordinates are recorded through a contact detection component, the method comprises the steps of collecting positioning hole coordinates, obtaining a compensation matrix and performing precision compensation, and the 3D printing motion precision and stability are improved by optimizing the reference positioning and detection structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 3D printing, and more specifically to a compensation device and method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing technology (additive manufacturing) has been widely used in aerospace, medical, and automotive manufacturing fields due to its advantages of eliminating the need for molds and rapidly prototyping complex structures. Motion accuracy is one of the core indicators determining 3D printing quality, directly affecting the dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, and structural stability of the printed parts. Insufficient motion accuracy can easily lead to problems such as misalignment of printed layers, dimensional deviations, and even model collapse, severely limiting the application of 3D printing technology in high-precision scenarios.

[0003] Existing technologies have several specific shortcomings: Poor reference positioning stability: The positioning holes of the calibration test board are prone to wear due to repeated contact, which can lead to reference offset; the connection between the test board and the equipment is prone to loosening, and the entire board needs to be replaced after the positioning holes are worn, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0004] The nozzle assembly has obvious defects: the split assembly has gaps, which makes it easy for material to leak; the connection between the heating block and the heat dissipation component has high thermal conductivity, which can easily cause nozzle blockage; the connection of key components is prone to loosening due to vibration, and the contact detection component is greatly affected by temperature, resulting in inaccurate coordinate acquisition.

[0005] The compensation method has limitations: coordinate acquisition relies on a small number of points, resulting in large fitting errors; the compensation matrix does not adequately correct coordinate system deviations, has limited coverage, and poor repeatability of acquired coordinates affects the compensation effect.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems through hardware optimization and software collaboration in order to improve the motion accuracy of 3D printing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] This application provides a compensation device for improving the motion accuracy of 3D printing, including a test plate and a nozzle assembly. The test plate is mounted on the printing plate of an external printing device and has several standard positioning holes. The nozzle assembly is mounted on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. Under program control, the nozzle assembly moves to a set height on the test plate and then touches the wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. Its contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers a stop, thereby recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning hole and providing reference data for accuracy compensation.

[0009] Each standard positioning hole is fitted with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing, and auxiliary holes for installing and removing the bushing are provided around the standard positioning hole.

[0010] The bottom of the test board is provided with a positioning structure for disassembly and connection with the printing equipment. The positioning structure is a magnetic mounting hole with a depth of 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the thickness of the test board. The magnetic mounting holes are distributed along the bottom edge of the test board and there are no fewer than 4 holes. The four sides of the test board are rounded and the edges of the standard positioning holes are chamfered.

[0011] The standard positioning hole is a round hole, and the bushing is interference-fitted with the standard positioning hole. The bushing thickness is 1-3mm. There are at least two auxiliary holes, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning hole.

[0012] The printhead assembly includes an integrated nozzle, a heating element, a heat dissipation element, and a contact detection element. The integrated nozzle passes through and is connected to the heating element and the heat dissipation element. The heating element is assembled to the heat dissipation element through a low thermal conductivity fastening structure. The heat dissipation element is connected to the motion mechanism of the printing device. The heat dissipation element is equipped with a contact detection element.

[0013] The contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed to the heat dissipation component by an independent mounting bracket.

[0014] The low thermal conductivity fastening structure includes a mounting hole, several threaded holes, and a fixing pin with set screws at both ends. The mounting hole is opened at the top of the heating component, the threaded holes are opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation component, and the fixing pin passes through the mounting hole. The set screws at both ends of the fixing pin are fixed to the corresponding threaded holes by threads.

[0015] The heating component includes a heat-conducting sleeve, a heating element, and a clamp ring. The heating element is fixed to the heat-conducting sleeve by the clamp ring.

[0016] The integrated nozzle includes a nozzle head, a nozzle body, a throat, and a throat heat dissipation sleeve connected in sequence. The throat heat dissipation sleeve is fitted on the outer wall of the throat, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component. The nozzle body is detachably connected to the heating component through a connecting structure.

[0017] The connection structure includes a nut, a pair of mounting slots, and a pair of floating locking elements. The nut is fixed on the nozzle body, and the nozzle body is connected to the heating element by threads. The pair of mounting slots are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating element and extend along the axis of the nozzle body. The pair of floating locking elements are respectively floatingly installed in each mounting slot, and their lower ends are bent toward the nut and have locking grooves at the ends that adapt to the shape of the nut.

[0018] A compensation method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing is also disclosed, including the following steps: S1. Acquire positioning hole coordinates: Based on the initial positioning point of the test board, control the nozzle assembly to move to the set height, and then touch the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. The stop is triggered by the contact detection component and the coordinates are recorded. Fit multiple coordinates of the same positioning hole to obtain the center coordinates, establish a motion matrix and acquire the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes. S2. Obtain the compensation matrix: Align the theoretical coordinate system with the actual coordinate system through coordinate transformation, calculate the coordinate difference to obtain the compensation matrix, and use interpolation to make the compensation points cover the printing plane. S3. Perform accuracy compensation: Before the motion, check the compensation function and the status of the compensation matrix. If the compensation conditions are met, apply the compensation amount and perform range limitation processing; otherwise, skip the compensation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The test board uses wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushings in the standard positioning holes to avoid direct wear of the positioning holes and maintain the benchmark accuracy over a long period of time; the auxiliary hole design allows for individual replacement of the bushings, reducing maintenance costs; the bottom positioning structure (such as magnet mounting holes) ensures a stable connection between the test board and the printing equipment, reduces vibration and loosening, provides a reliable physical benchmark for coordinate acquisition, and improves the stability and durability of benchmark positioning.

[0020] 2. The integrated nozzle eliminates gaps in the assembly of separate parts, preventing material leakage; the differentiated material design of the nozzle head, body, and throat takes into account wear resistance, efficient melting, and anti-clogging functions; low thermal conductivity connectors (such as titanium alloy fixing pins) block the heat conduction from the heating block to the heat dissipation components, avoiding insufficient heat dissipation; contact detection components (such as pressure sensors) are installed through independent mounting brackets and buffer structures, reducing temperature interference and vibration effects, improving the accuracy of coordinate acquisition, and optimizing the reliability and precision of the nozzle assembly.

[0021] 3. Multi-directional touch sampling and circle fitting algorithm reduce the fitting error of the positioning hole center coordinates; affine transformation aligns the coordinate system and bilinear interpolation to achieve uniform compensation across the entire printing plane; range limitation in the compensation execution logic avoids motion abnormalities caused by overcompensation, ensuring stable and reliable compensation effect and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of precision compensation.

[0022] 4. The floating locking component adapts to the circular outer circumference of the nozzle through an arc-shaped structure. The inclined groove transmission enables the locking plate and the power plate to move together. Combined with the spring floating design of the locking component, the nut can be quickly and accurately locked and unlocked, effectively preventing key components from loosening due to vibration and thermal expansion and contraction, improving maintenance efficiency, and enhancing the stability of component connections and the convenience of maintenance.

[0023] In summary, this invention improves stability and accuracy throughout the entire process from benchmark positioning, nozzle operation, accuracy compensation to component connection by optimizing hardware structure and coordinating software algorithms. It significantly reduces motion errors in 3D printing, improves the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of printed parts, and is suitable for high-precision 3D printing scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2This is a perspective view of a compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the heat dissipation component in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the nozzle assembly in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the integrated nozzle in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the test board and integrated nozzle in operation in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the test board in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of acquiring the positioning hole coordinates in step S1 of the compensation method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing in this embodiment of the application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fitting process in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a flowchart of step S2 of the compensation method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of step S3 of the compensation method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the heating component and the integrated nozzle in the embodiment of this application. Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the nozzle assembly in an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the heating component in an embodiment of this application (without heating elements and a hoop). Figure 15 This is a perspective view of the heat-conducting sleeve in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This is a perspective view of the floating stop component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is a perspective view of the power plate in an embodiment of this application; Figure 18 This is a perspective view of the transmission plate in an embodiment of this application; Figure 19 This is a perspective view of the locking plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure Labels 1-Test plate, 2-Nozzle assembly, 21-Integrated nozzle, 211-Nozzle head, 212-Nozzle body, 213-Throat, 214-Throat heat dissipation sleeve, 22-Heating component, 221-Heat conduction sleeve, 222-Heating plate, 223-Clamping ring, 2231-Spring, 2232-Recess, 23-Heat dissipation component, 24-Independent mounting bracket, 241-Contact detection component mounting position, 3-Standard positioning hole, 4-Auxiliary hole, 51-Mounting hole, 52-Threaded hole, 53-Top screw, 54-Fixing pin, 6-Connecting structure, 61-Nut, 62-Mounting groove, 63-Floating locking component, 631-Power plate, 632-Transmission plate, 633-Locking plate, 634-Slanted groove, 7-Locking component, 71-Floating groove, 72-Floating block, 8-Magnet mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0028] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a compensation device and method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing, provided by the embodiments of this application, through specific implementations and application scenarios.

[0029] Example 1: This application provides a compensation device for improving the motion accuracy of 3D printing. It includes a test plate 1 and a nozzle assembly 2. The test plate 1 is mounted on the printing plate of an external printing device and has several standard positioning holes 3. The nozzle assembly 2 is mounted on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. Under program control, the nozzle assembly 2 moves to a set height on the test plate 1 and then touches the wall surface of the standard positioning holes 3 in multiple directions. Its contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers a stop, thereby recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning holes, providing reference data for accuracy compensation.

[0030] In this embodiment of the application, each standard positioning hole 3 is fitted with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing, and auxiliary holes 4 for loading and unloading the bushing are provided around the standard positioning hole 3.

[0031] A compensation method for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing is also disclosed, including the following steps: S1. Acquire positioning hole coordinates: Based on the initial positioning point of the test plate 1, control the nozzle assembly 2 to move to the set height, and then touch the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole 3 in multiple directions. The stop is triggered by the contact detection component and the coordinates are recorded. Fit multiple coordinates of the same positioning hole to obtain the center coordinates, establish a motion matrix and acquire the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes 3. S2. Obtain the compensation matrix: Align the theoretical coordinate system with the actual coordinate system through coordinate transformation, calculate the coordinate difference to obtain the compensation matrix, and use interpolation to make the compensation points cover the printing plane. S3. Perform accuracy compensation: Before the motion, check the compensation function and the status of the compensation matrix. If the compensation conditions are met, apply the compensation amount and perform range limitation processing; otherwise, skip the compensation.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the test plate 1 provides a unified reference through the standard positioning hole 3. Under program control, the nozzle assembly 2 moves along a preset path to a set height above the test plate 1 (ensuring that the nozzle head 211 and the positioning hole bushing are on the same detection plane). Subsequently, the nozzle assembly 2 slowly approaches the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole 3 at multiple angles (such as 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°, etc.) in the X and Y axes. When the nozzle head 211 contacts the bushing wall, the contact detection component (such as a pressure sensor) senses the pressure change and generates an electrical signal, triggering the nozzle assembly 2 to immediately stop moving. At this time, the control system records the current coordinate value. By performing circle fitting calculation on the contact coordinates of the same standard positioning hole 3 in multiple directions, the actual center coordinates of the positioning hole can be obtained. Following this logic, the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes 3 are collected sequentially to form a motion matrix covering the printing plane, providing original reference data for subsequent accuracy compensation and realizing accurate conversion from physical reference to digital coordinates.

[0033] Existing technologies use a printhead to draw parallel lines, then a camera takes pictures at designated points, and analyzes the differences in the images to obtain deviation values. A customized vision coding board is used to allow the camera on the printhead to take pictures at various positions to obtain position information. In general, this uses machine vision and image processing methods for detection. Our method uses physical touch detection, which is fundamentally different.

[0034] Example 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, in this embodiment of the application, the bottom of the test plate 1 is provided with a positioning structure for disassembly and connection with the printing device. The positioning structure is a magnet mounting hole 8, the depth of which is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the thickness of the test plate 1, and is distributed along the bottom edge of the test plate 1, with a number of no less than 4. The four sides of the test plate 1 are provided with rounded corners, and the edges of the standard positioning holes 3 are provided with chamfers.

[0035] In this embodiment of the application, the standard positioning hole 3 is a round hole, the bushing is interference-fitted with the standard positioning hole 3, and the bushing thickness is 1-3mm; the number of auxiliary holes 4 is at least two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning hole 3.

[0036] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the test board 1 is magnetically attached to the printing board via magnets in the bottom magnet mounting holes 8. The hole depth design, ranging from 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the board thickness, ensures both magnetic strength (preventing displacement of the test board 1 during calibration) and prevents exposed magnets from affecting flatness. The distribution of four or more magnets along the edge ensures uniform force distribution, guaranteeing a tight fit between the test board 1 and the printing board. The rounded and chamfered design of the standard positioning holes 3 reduces wear on the bushing edges when the nozzle assembly 2 contacts the printhead, while also preventing sharp edges from scratching the nozzle head 211. The interference fit between the bushing and the positioning holes ensures no gaps, guaranteeing consistent contact position each time. When the bushing wears out after long-term use, it can be easily disassembled and replaced by inserting tools through the symmetrically distributed auxiliary holes 4, maintaining positioning accuracy. The synergistic effect of these structures allows the test board 1 to maintain benchmark stability during multiple calibrations, reducing coordinate acquisition errors caused by loose installation or component wear, laying the foundation for the accuracy of the compensation matrix.

[0037] Example 3: The difference from Embodiment 2 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to including the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the printhead assembly 2 includes an integrated nozzle 21, a heating component 22, a heat dissipation component 23, and a contact detection component; the integrated nozzle 21 passes through the heating component 22 and the heat dissipation component 23 and is connected to the heating component 22; the heating component 22 is assembled to the heat dissipation component 23 by a low thermal conductivity fastening structure; the heat dissipation component 23 is connected to the motion mechanism of the printing device; and the heat dissipation component 23 is provided with a contact detection component.

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, the contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed on the heat dissipation component 23 by an independent mounting bracket 24. The independent mounting bracket 24 is provided with a contact detection component mounting position 241.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the integrated nozzle 21 of the nozzle assembly 2 is fitted with a heating element 22 and a heat dissipation element 23, ensuring a sealed and leak-free material conveying path. The heating element 22 is connected to the heat dissipation element 23 (which has heat dissipation fins 231) via a low thermal conductivity fastening structure, reducing heat conduction to the heat dissipation element 23 and preventing signal drift of the contact detection element due to excessive temperature. The contact detection element (pressure sensor) is fixed to the heat dissipation element 23 via an independent mounting bracket 24, maintaining a fixed distance from the nozzle head 211, ensuring timely and delay-free pressure signal transmission upon contact. When the nozzle assembly 2 moves to the vicinity of the positioning hole of the test plate 1, the heat dissipation element 23 drives the entire nozzle to move stably. The pressure sensor quickly senses the minute force and triggers a stop the instant the nozzle head 211 touches the bushing wall, and the recorded coordinates are not affected by component vibration or temperature. At the same time, the cooperation between the heat dissipation element 23 and the throat tube 213 limiting structure restricts the radial sway of the nozzle, ensuring the consistency of the angle of each contact, improving the accuracy of center coordinate fitting, and keeping the error of the motion matrix within a smaller range.

[0040] Example 4: The difference from Embodiment 3 is that, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the low thermal conductivity fastening structure includes a mounting hole 51, a plurality of threaded holes 52, and a fixing pin 54 with set screws 53 fixed at both ends. The mounting hole 51 is opened at the top of the heating component 22, the threaded holes 52 are opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation component 23, and the fixing pin 54 passes through the mounting hole 51. The set screws 53 at both ends are fixed to the corresponding threaded holes 52 by threads.

[0041] In this embodiment of the application, the fixing pin 54 is made of titanium alloy or ceramic material.

[0042] In this embodiment of the application, the heating component 22 includes a heat-conducting sleeve 221, a heating element 222, and a clamping ring 223. The heating element 222 is fixed to the heat-conducting sleeve 221 by the clamping ring 223.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 4As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, in the low thermal conductivity fastening structure, the fixing pin 54 made of titanium alloy or ceramic material passes through the mounting hole 51 of the heating component 22, and the set screws 53 at both ends are threaded and locked with the threaded holes 52 of the heat dissipation component 23. This achieves a rigid connection between the heating component 22 and the heat dissipation component 23 (reducing motion deformation) and also blocks the heat conduction path due to the low thermal conductivity of the material. The heat-conducting sleeve 221 of the heating component 22 fixes the heating element 222 through the clamping ring 223, so that the heat is concentrated on the nozzle body 212, improving the material melting efficiency. At the same time, the cooperation between the fixing pin 54 and the set screw 53 restricts the axial displacement of the heating component 22, avoiding the relative position displacement between the nozzle head 211 and the positioning hole due to thermal expansion and contraction. When the nozzle assembly 2 performs touch detection, the heat of the heating component 22 is confined to a local area, and the temperature of the heat dissipation component 23 remains stable, ensuring the accuracy of the pressure sensor signal; while the rigidity of the fastening structure ensures that the nozzle head 211 does not undergo elastic deformation when touched, and the recorded coordinates truly reflect the position of the hole wall, further reducing the calculation error of the compensation matrix.

[0044] The hoop 223 is disconnected at the position corresponding to the heating element 222. The hoop 223 is provided with three spring pieces 2231. Two of the spring pieces 2231 are located on both sides of the disconnected position of the hoop 223. The third spring piece 2231 is symmetrically arranged with the first two spring pieces 2231 about the axis of the hoop 223. The first two spring pieces 2231 press the heating element 222. The surface of the heat-conducting sleeve 221 is provided with a recess 2232 corresponding to the third spring piece 2231. The third spring piece 2231 is used to engage with the recess 2232.

[0045] Example 5: The difference from Embodiment 3 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to including the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the integrated nozzle 21 includes a nozzle head 211, a nozzle body 212, a throat 213 and a throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 connected in sequence. The throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 is sleeved on the outer wall of the throat 213, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component 23. The nozzle body 212 is detachably connected to the heating component 22 through the connecting structure 6.

[0046] In this embodiment of the application, the one-piece nozzle 21 is integrally formed by hot pressing; the nozzle head 211 is made of wear-resistant material, the nozzle body 212 is made of high thermal conductivity material, and the throat 213 is made of zirconium oxide, titanium alloy or ceramic material.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the integrated nozzle 21 is formed through a hot-pressing process. The nozzle head 211 (wear-resistant material), nozzle body 212 (high thermal conductivity material), throat 213 (low thermal conductivity material), and throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 form a continuous sealed channel, which not only prevents material leakage but also achieves functional zoning: the nozzle head 211 withstands repeated contact and wear; the nozzle body 212 quickly transfers heat from the heating element 22 to melt the material; the throat 213 blocks heat from rising, preventing the material from softening and clogging prematurely; and the throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 is fitted onto the outer wall of the throat 213 and contacts the heat dissipation element 23, enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the throat 213 and further suppressing heat diffusion. The detachable connection structure 6 (such as threads) between the nozzle body 212 and the heating element 22 facilitates individual replacement of the nozzle head 211 after wear, reducing maintenance costs. When the printhead assembly 2 is working, the above structure ensures that the nozzle is wear-resistant during touch detection, efficient during heating, and reliable during clogging prevention. Together with the heat dissipation component 23 and the contact detection component, the repeatability error of coordinate acquisition is significantly reduced, ultimately improving the accuracy and stability of the compensated printing motion.

[0048] Example 6: The difference from Embodiment 5 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to including the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the connecting structure 6 includes a nut 61, a pair of mounting grooves 62 and a pair of floating locking members 63. The nut 61 is fixed on the nozzle body 212, and the nozzle body 212 is connected to the heating component 22 by threads. The pair of mounting grooves 62 are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating component 22 and extend along the axis of the nozzle body 212. The pair of floating locking members 63 are respectively floatingly installed in each mounting groove 62, and their lower ends are bent toward the nut 61 and have locking grooves at the ends that adapt to the shape of the nut 61.

[0049] like Figures 13 to 2 As shown in Figure 0, due to the aforementioned structure, the nozzle body 212 and the heating component are fastened together via a threaded connection. The nut 61 fixed on the nozzle body 212 provides a fulcrum for the threaded connection, ensuring connection strength. The mounting grooves 62 symmetrically formed on the surface of the heating component extend along the axis of the nozzle body 212, providing a guide track for the floating locking component 63, ensuring that its movement direction is consistent with the axis of the nozzle body 212, and preventing radial bias when locking.

[0050] When the printhead assembly is assembled or in operation, the floating locking member 63 can float axially within the mounting groove 62 (to adapt to changes in component dimensions caused by thermal expansion and contraction). The locking groove bent at its lower end is adapted to the outer contour of the nut 61. In its natural state, the floating locking member 63 is subjected to its own gravity or pre-tightening force, and the locking groove fits tightly with the outer wall of the nut 61, forming a ring-shaped locking that restricts the rotation tendency of the nut 61 around the axis of the nozzle body 212. Even if the printhead vibrates during printing, or the heating component and the nozzle body 212 undergo slight deformation due to temperature difference, the locking groove can still maintain its fit with the nut 61 through floating adjustment, effectively preventing the threaded connection from loosening.

[0051] When it is necessary to disassemble the nozzle body 212 (such as to replace the nozzle head), the floating locking part 63 can be pulled upward to make it rise along the mounting groove 62. The locking groove disengages from the nut 61, releasing the lock on the nut 61. At this time, the threads can be loosened to separate the nozzle body 212 from the heating element, which is convenient to operate.

[0052] This structure, through the symmetrically arranged floating locking parts 63 and the locking grooves of the matching nuts 61, not only ensures the long-term stability of the threaded connection (avoiding loosening due to vibration and thermal deformation), but also accommodates the slight deformation of the components through the floating design, while taking into account the convenience of disassembly and maintenance, ensuring the relative positional accuracy of the nozzle body 212 and the heating components, and providing structural support for the accuracy of coordinate acquisition and the stability of printing motion.

[0053] Example 7: The difference from Embodiment 6 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to including the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the floating locking member 63 includes a power plate 631, a transmission plate 632, a locking plate 633, and a locking member 7. A pair of parallel inclined grooves 634 are formed on the transmission plate 632. Both the power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 are driven and engaged with the corresponding inclined grooves 634 via sliders. The cross-sectional shapes of the mounting groove 62, the power plate 631, the transmission plate 632, and the locking plate 633 are all consistent with the spray pattern. The nozzle body 212 is concentric with the axis of the arc. The lower end of the locking plate 633 is bent and a locking groove is provided. The left and right side walls of the power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 are slidably engaged with the left and right side walls of the mounting groove 62. When the power plate 631 rises or falls, the transmission plate 632 slides left and right in the mounting groove 62 around the axis of the nozzle body 212. The locking plate 633 rises or falls synchronously with the power plate 631. When the locking groove is in contact with the outer wall of the nut 61, the locking part 7 pops out to fix the transmission plate 632.

[0054] In this embodiment of the application, the locking member 7 includes a floating groove 71 and a floating block 72. The floating groove 71 is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove 62. The bottom of the power plate 631 is provided with a notch. The floating block 72 is floatingly mounted in the floating groove 71 by a number of springs. A pressing block is fixedly provided at the upper end of the floating block 72. The pressing block slides with the notch.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the mounting groove 62 has a circumferentially extending protruding ridge in the middle, and the inner sidewall of the transmission plate 632 has a groove that slides with the protruding ridge.

[0056] like Figures 15 to 2 As shown in Figure 0, due to the above structure, when it is necessary to lock and fix the nut 61 connecting the nozzle body 212 and the heating block, the power plate 631 is driven by external force (e.g., human force) to move up and down along the mounting groove 62: When the power plate 631 is raised or lowered, its bottom slider slides along the inclined groove 634 of the transmission plate 632. Since the inclined grooves 634 are inclined at an angle and parallel to each other, the axial (raising and lowering) motion of the power plate 631 is converted into the circumferential motion of the transmission plate 632 through the inclined groove 634. The transmission plate 632 slides left and right in the mounting groove 62 around the axis of the nozzle body 212. At the same time, the locking plate 633 cooperates with another inclined groove 634 of the transmission plate 632 through the slider. Under the synchronous action of the raising and lowering of the power plate 631, the locking plate 633 rises together with the power plate 631. As the transmission plate 632 slides and adjusts its radial position, the locking groove at the lower end of the locking plate 633 gradually approaches the outer wall of the nut 61. When the locking groove is fully engaged with the outer wall of the nut 61 (achieving a circumferential locking of the nut 61 to prevent it from loosening), the floating block 72 pops out from the floating groove 71 under the action of the spring force. The floating block 72 is embedded between one side of the transmission plate 632 and the side wall of the mounting groove 62, thereby restricting the reverse movement of the power plate 631. The transmission plate 632 is fixed in the current position, and the locking state of the locking plate 633 is locked.

[0057] To unlock, press the pressing block at the top of the floating block 72. The spring is compressed, causing the floating block 72 to retract into the floating groove 71. The floating plate retracts into the floating groove 71, releasing the restriction on the power plate 631. At the same time, the power plate 631 is driven to rise and fall in the opposite direction. The transmission plate 632 slides in the opposite direction. The locking plate 633 rises and falls with the power plate 631 and moves away from the nut 61. The locking groove disengages from the outer wall of the nut 61, completing the unlocking.

[0058] The structure achieves linkage between the power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 through the inclined groove 634. The spring floating design of the locking part 7 realizes automatic locking and convenient unlocking, and finally achieves a stable locking of the nut 61 (preventing the nozzle body 212 from loosening the connection with the heating block and other components), ensuring that the assembly gap of the printhead assembly 2 remains unchanged during high-frequency movement or long-term operation, and further improving the stability of coordinate acquisition and printing accuracy.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0060] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing, characterized in that, The device includes a test board and a printhead assembly. The test board is mounted on the printing plate of an external printing device and has several standard positioning holes. The printhead assembly is mounted on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. Under program control, the printhead assembly moves to a set height on the test board and then contacts the walls of the standard positioning holes in multiple directions. A contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers a stop, recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning holes and providing reference data for accuracy compensation. Each standard positioning hole is fitted with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing. Auxiliary holes for installing and removing the bushings are provided around the standard positioning holes. The standard positioning holes are circular, and the bushings are interference-fitted with them. The bushing thickness is 1-3 mm. There are at least two auxiliary holes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning holes. The printhead assembly includes an integrated nozzle, a heating element, a heat dissipation element, and a contact detection component. The integrated nozzle passes through and connects to the heating element and the heat dissipation element. The heating element is mounted to the heat dissipation element via a low thermal conductivity fastening structure. The heat dissipation element is connected to the motion mechanism of the printing device, and the contact detection component is located on the heat dissipation element. The integrated nozzle includes a nozzle head, a nozzle body, a throat tube, and a throat tube heat dissipation sleeve connected in sequence. The throat tube heat dissipation sleeve is fitted on the outer wall of the throat tube, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component. The nozzle body is detachably connected to the heating component through a connecting structure. The connection structure includes a nut, a pair of mounting slots, and a pair of floating locking members. The nut is fixed on the nozzle body. The nozzle body is connected to the heating component by a thread. The pair of mounting slots are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating component and extend along the axis of the nozzle body. The pair of floating locking members are respectively floatingly installed in each of the mounting slots. The lower ends of the floating locking members are bent toward the nut and have locking grooves at the ends that adapt to the shape of the nut. The floating locking component includes a power plate, a transmission plate, a locking plate, and a locking component. The transmission plate has a pair of parallel inclined slots. The power plate and the locking plate are driven and engaged with the corresponding inclined slots by a slider. The cross-sectional shape of the mounting slot, the power plate, the transmission plate, and the locking plate are all arc-shaped concentric with the axis of the nozzle body. The lower end of the locking plate is bent and has a locking groove. The left and right side walls of the power plate and the locking plate are slidably engaged with the left and right side walls of the mounting slot. When the power plate rises or falls, the transmission plate slides left and right in the mounting slot around the axis of the nozzle body. The locking plate rises or falls synchronously with the power plate. When the locking groove is in contact with the outer wall of the nut, the locking component pops out to fix the transmission plate. The locking component includes a floating groove and a floating block. The floating groove is opened at the bottom of the mounting groove. A notch is opened at the bottom of the power plate. The floating block is floatingly installed in the floating groove by several springs. A pressing block is fixed at the upper end of the floating block and slides with the notch.

2. The compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed on the heat dissipation component by an independent mounting bracket.

3. The compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low thermal conductivity fastening structure includes a mounting hole, several threaded holes, and a fixing pin with set screws at both ends. The mounting hole is located on the top of the heating component, the threaded holes are located on the bottom of the heat dissipation component, and the fixing pin passes through the mounting hole. The set screws at both ends of the fixing pin are fixed to the corresponding threaded holes by threads.

4. The compensation device for improving motion accuracy in 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating component includes a heat-conducting sleeve, a heating element, and a clamp ring, with the heating element fixed to the heat-conducting sleeve by the clamp ring.

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