River channel desilting device and desilting method thereof

Abstract

The river channel desilting device comprises a ship body, the ship body is hinged to a suction dredger capable of adjusting the water entry angle, a controller is further arranged in the ship body, the ship body is fixedly connected with a filter box, a filter screen is arranged on the side face of the filter box, a water tank for receiving filtered water is arranged below the filter box, and the water tank is connected with the controller. Pressure-bearing rods are symmetrically fixed to the side faces of the water tank, the ship body is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, the pressure-bearing rods are slidably connected with the supporting plate, the pressure-bearing rods are provided with switch assemblies matched with the supporting plate, the supporting plate is rotationally connected with a rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is provided with a magnet; the magnet can be matched with the switch assembly to enable the water tank to move downwards, the ship body is provided with a speed adjusting part, the speed adjusting part can adjust the moving speed of the ship body according to the downward moving distance of the water tank, the device can be adjusted in time according to the actual condition that the suction dredger cleans riverbed sludge, and the use safety of the device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river dredging, in particular to a river dredging device and a dredging method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key infrastructure for water resources flood control and drainage and ecological environment maintenance, the operation condition of the river has a significant impact on regional economic development, people's life safety and ecological balance.

[0003] After long-term use, the bottom of the river often accumulates a large amount of silt, which not only affects the normal passage of ships on the river, but also hinders the normal play of the river's flood control, drainage and irrigation functions, so the bottom silt needs to be cleaned regularly.

[0004] Through retrieval, a patent with publication number CN 118166858 B discloses a dredging machine special for water conservancy engineering environmental protection, which comprises a ship body, a first hydraulic cylinder fixed on the ship body, a first support plate fixed on the first hydraulic cylinder, a dredging machine fixed on the support plate, a dredging cover fixed at the lower end of the dredging machine, a partition plate fixed in the dredging cover, the partition plate separating the dredging cover into a dredging cavity and a impurity removal cavity, an impurity removal mechanism arranged in the impurity removal cavity, the dredging machine being communicated with the dredging cavity, a second hydraulic cylinder fixed on the ship body, a second support plate fixed on the second hydraulic cylinder, a conveying mechanism arranged on the second support plate, the conveying mechanism being communicated with the impurity removal cavity, a silt tank and a sundry tank fixed on the ship body, a screening tank fixed at the upper end of the silt tank, and a silt outlet pipe fixed on the dredging machine.

[0005] The above-mentioned device also has the following problems: the river bottom silt is not uniformly distributed, and cannot be adjusted in time according to the actual situation of the riverbed silt, which is easy to cause equipment damage. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot be adjusted in time according to the actual situation of the riverbed silt, and is easy to cause equipment damage, the present application provides a river dredging device.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is:

[0008] The river dredging device is characterized in that the ship body is hinged with the suction dredger capable of adjusting the water entry angle, the ship body is internally provided with the controller, the ship body is fixedly connected with the filter box, the side surface of the filter box is provided with the filter screen, the lower portion of the filter box is provided with the water tank capable of receiving the filtered water, the side surface of the water tank is symmetrically fixed with the pressure bearing rod, the ship body is fixedly connected with the support plate, the pressure bearing rod is slidably connected with the support plate, the pressure bearing rod is provided with the switch assembly matched with the support plate, the support plate is rotatably connected with the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is provided with the magnet capable of matching with the switch assembly to enable the water tank to move downward, and the ship body is provided with the speed adjusting element capable of adjusting the moving speed of the ship body according to the moving distance of the water tank.

[0009] Preferably, the switch assembly comprises a clamping block, the magnetic pole of the clamping block is same as the magnetic pole of the magnet, the clamping block is slidably connected with the pressure bearing rod through the second spring, and the support plate is provided with the clamping hole matched with the clamping block.

[0010] Preferably, the support plate is fixedly provided with the motor, the rotating wheel is fixedly arranged at the shaft end of the rotating shaft of the motor, the lower end surface of the rotating wheel is fixedly provided with the protrusion at a proper position, the support plate is fixedly provided with the first switch at a proper position, the protrusion is matched with the first switch, the support plate is further fixedly provided with the second electric push rod at a proper position, the second electric push rod can reset the water tank, and the motor, the first switch and the second electric push rod are electrically connected with the controller.

[0011] Preferably, the speed adjusting element is a straight sliding potentiometer, the straight sliding potentiometer is electrically connected with the controller, the straight sliding potentiometer is fixedly connected with the ship body, the straight sliding potentiometer comprises a sliding sheet, the sliding sheet is fixedly connected with the water tank, and when the water tank drives the sliding sheet to move downward, the straight sliding potentiometer can adjust the moving speed of the ship body.

[0012] Preferably, the water tank is provided with at least one group of water outlets at the bottom, the water tank is slidably provided with the sealing plate at the bottom, the sealing plate is provided with the through hole matched with the water outlet of the water tank, one group of the sealing plate is slidably connected with the support plate, and the moving distance of the water tank can adjust the matched opening of the through hole and the water tank.

[0013] Preferably, the filter box is provided with the sliding groove at a proper position in the inside, the filter box is slidably connected with the baffle in the sliding groove, the filter box is provided with the third switch matched with the baffle, the baffle is slidably connected with the cleaning frame at the lower portion, the filter box is provided with the second switch matched with the cleaning frame, the cleaning frame and the filter box are matched to store the sludge, and the second switch and the third switch are electrically connected with the controller.

[0014] Preferably, the filter box is fixed with a retractable motor, the filter box is fixed with an auxiliary guide rod matched with the baffle, one end of the baffle away from the filter box is fixed with a pull rope, the other end of the pull rope is wound on the working shaft of the retractable motor, the auxiliary guide rod is sleeved with a third spring for resetting the baffle, and the retractable motor is electrically connected with the controller.

[0015] Preferably, the cleaning frame is fixed with a lead screw near one side of the ship body, the lead screw is threadedly connected with a second gear, the second gear is rotatably connected to the ship body, the ship body is fixed with an intermittent motor, the working shaft of the intermittent motor is in transmission connection with the second gear, the second gear can drive the lead screw to slide when rotating, the sliding of the cleaning frame can clean the sludge deposited in the filter box, and the intermittent motor is electrically connected with the controller.

[0016] Preferably, the ship body is provided with a guide groove at a suitable position, and the cleaning frame is fixed with an auxiliary guide column matched with the guide groove.

[0017] The application also provides a river dredging device and a use method thereof.

[0018] S1 adjustment: the water inlet angle of the sludge suction machine is adjusted according to the depth of the river, so that the lower suction port just contacts the riverbed;

[0019] S2 filtering: the sludge suction machine sucks the sludge into the filter box, and the river water flows downward into the water tank through the filter screen;

[0020] S3 period: the runner rotates at a set speed, and the clamping block is moved out of the clamping port by the magnet at a fixed time interval, and the water tank slides downward under the weight of the stored water and compresses the first spring;

[0021] S4 water tank drainage: the downward movement distance of the water tank is proportional to the weight of the stored water in the water tank, the sealing plate is slid to open the water outlet by the supporting plate, the opening of the water outlet is proportional to the weight of the stored water in the water tank under the cooperation of the through hole, so that the water in the water tank is discharged, the water tank is reset by the second electric push rod after a unit time, and water continues to flow into the water tank when the water tank is draining;

[0022] The drainage time is a fixed value, and the discharge amount of the water tank in a unit time is the stored water amount when the water tank is descending, so that the inflow during drainage is retained when the water tank is reset;

[0023] S5 speed regulation: the stored water weight in the water tank causes different downward movement distances when the water tank is descending, so that the straight sliding potentiometer adjusts the moving speed of the ship body through the controller according to the position of the water tank;

[0024] S6 cleaning: the controller controls the retraction and extension motor to work to make the baffle slide into the filter box and touch the third switch, the controller makes the intermittent motor work, the second gear rotates, the cleaning frame driven by the lead screw cleans the deposited sludge to the ship body, and then the controller resets the cleaning frame and touches the second switch, and then the controller reverses the retraction and extension motor to reset the baffle.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present application uses the filter box to filter the river water sucked by the suction dredger to the lower water tank, so that the water tank moves downward under the weight of the received water, and the straight sliding potentiometer adjusts the moving speed of the ship body according to the downward moving distance of the water tank, thereby improving the use safety of the device.

[0027] 2. The present application rotates the magnet at a constant speed by the runner, periodically rotates to the side of the water tank, and makes the clamping block slide out of the clamping hole by using the same-pole repulsion principle of magnetism, so that the water tank slides downward smoothly, and the water tank slides downward to open the water outlet by cooperating with the supporting plate, so that the water in the water tank is discharged, and the water outlet is adjusted by the downward moving distance of the water tank, so that the water amount in the water tank during the downward movement is discharged within a standard time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the present application Figure 1 A-A cross section;

[0031] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of B in the present application Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of C in the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of D in the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the filter box and the cleaning frame in the present application ;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cleaning frame in the present application ;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate in the present application.

[0037] Reference signs:

[0038] 1, hull; 2, box; 3, guide groove; 4, baffle; 5, folding motor; 6, filter box; 7, cleaning frame; 8, sliding groove; 9, suction dredger; 10, first electric push rod; 11, water tank; 12, second electric push rod; 13, support plate; 14, pressure bearing rod; 15, runner; 16, straight sliding potentiometer; 17, via hole; 18, sealing plate; 19, intermittent motor; 20, second gear; 21, screw rod; 22, magnet; 23, protrusion; 24, motor; 25, first switch; 26, bayonet; 27, clamping block; 28, first spring; 29, second switch; 30, third switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, wherein the same or similar components have the same or similar designations throughout the several views, and wherein the embodiments described below are illustrative of specific embodiments that are meant to be exemplary only, but not limiting of the present application.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] As Figures 1-8 shown in a river channel dredging device, including hull 1, hull 1 fixedly connected with filter box 6, filter box 6 is hingedly connected with suction dredger 9 at a suitable position, the suitable position of hull 1 is fixedly connected with first electric push rod 10, the working shaft end of first electric push rod 10 is provided with auxiliary seat, auxiliary seat is hingedly connected with suction dredger 9 through the setting of long hole, the water inlet angle of suction port below suction dredger 9 is realized by adjusting the length of working shaft of first electric push rod 10, the outer part of working shaft of first electric push rod 10 is provided with telescopic protective sleeve, which is used for preventing damage to working shaft by foreign matters, so that the suction port of suction dredger 9 is at a reasonable working height, the controller is further provided in hull 1, the single-chip microcomputer is provided in the controller, the silt tank for storing silt is further provided in hull 1.

[0042] Specifically, the single-chip microcomputer is a kind of integrated circuit chip, which is a mature product in the market, is integrated into a small and perfect microcomputer system by using super large scale integrated circuit technology, has the characteristics of small size, high integration, simple structure, reliable performance, modular application, etc., and is widely used in industrial control field through corresponding control program.

[0043] Further, in order to better make the ship body 1 run, the ship body 1 is also provided with a battery, and the ship body 1 can also be fixed with a solar panel or powered by a mature generator, and the power supply technology is a mature technology in the market, which is not shown in the figure.

[0044] The side of the filter box 6 is provided with a filter screen, the outside of the filter screen is a vertical water baffle, and the lower side of the water baffle is provided with a suitable contraction opening, so that the shape of the lower side of the water baffle is in the shape of an inverted trumpet mouth. The setting of the water baffle can make the water filtered by the filter box 6 flow downward.

[0045] A sliding groove 8 is formed in a suitable position in the inside of the filter box 6, the sliding groove 8 is symmetrically arranged, the sliding groove 8 is slidably connected with the baffle 4, the filter box 6 is provided with a third switch 30 matched with the baffle 4, the third switch 30 is electrically connected with the controller, the filter box 6 is fixed with a retractable motor 5, the filter box 6 is fixed with an auxiliary guide rod matched with the baffle 4, one end of the baffle 4 away from the filter box 6 is fixed with a pull rope, the other end of the pull rope is wound on the working shaft of the retractable motor 5, the auxiliary guide rod is sleeved with a third spring for resetting the baffle 4, and the retractable motor 5 is electrically connected with the controller.

[0046] Specifically, when the retractable motor 5 winds the pull rope under the action of the controller, the baffle 4 slides into the filter box 6 along the sliding groove 8 and compresses the third spring, when the baffle 4 touches the third switch 30, the controller stops the retractable motor 5 from working, at this time, the baffle 4 divides the sludge in the filter box 6 into two parts, when the retractable motor 5 works reversely to pay out the pull rope under the action of the controller, the baffle 4 slides out of the filter box 6 under the action of the third spring, and the resetting is completed.

[0047] The lower side of the baffle 4 is slidably connected with a matched cleaning frame 7, the cleaning frame 7 is a frame plate box without solid plates on the upper and lower sides and with a frame on the periphery, the bottom of the filter box 6 is used as a bottom plate to receive the filtered sludge, the filter box 6 is provided with a second switch 29 matched with the cleaning frame 7, and the second switch 29 is electrically connected with the controller.

[0048] The cleaning frame 7 is fixed with a lead screw 21 close to one side of the ship body 1, the lead screw 21 is threadedly connected with a second gear 20, the lead screw 21 is located on the center of the second gear 20, the second gear 20 is rotatably connected with an auxiliary fixing plate, the auxiliary fixing plate is fixedly connected to the ship body 1, the ship body 1 is also fixed with an intermittent motor 19, the intermittent motor 19 is electrically connected with the controller, the working shaft of the intermittent motor 19 is fixed with an auxiliary gear, the auxiliary gear is engaged with the second gear 20, the transmission connection between the working shaft of the intermittent motor 19 and the second gear 20 is realized, and when the second gear 20 rotates, the lead screw 21 can drive the cleaning frame 7 to slide out of the filter box 6, and the cleaning frame 7 can slide to transfer the sludge deposited in the filter box 6 into the sludge box.

[0049] Specifically, when the third switch 30 works, the controller controls the intermittent motor 19 to rotate, drives the second gear 20 to rotate, realizes the screw rod 21 to drive the cleaning frame 7 to slide out of the filter box 6, and transfers the sludge in the cleaning frame 7 to the sludge box. Since the size of the cleaning frame 7 is fixed, the pitch of the screw rod 21 is fixed, the controller controls the intermittent motor 19 to reverse in a cycle time according to the rotation time, so that the cleaning frame 7 is reset. When the cleaning frame 7 is reset, it touches the second switch 19. At this time, the controller stops the intermittent motor 19 from rotating, and makes the retractable motor 5 work to move the baffle 4 out of the filter box 6.

[0050] Further, in order to better make the cleaning frame 7 slide outward, the ship body 1 is provided with a guide groove 3 at a suitable position. The guide groove 3 is symmetrically arranged, and the cleaning frame 7 is fixed with an auxiliary guide column matched with the guide groove 3 through an auxiliary block. The auxiliary guide column is slidably arranged in the guide groove 3.

[0051] The lower part of the filter box 6 is provided with a water tank 11 for receiving filtered water. The side of the water tank 11 is symmetrically fixed with a pressure bearing rod 14. The ship body 1 is fixedly connected with a support plate 13. The support plate 13 is fixed with a motor 24 electrically connected with the controller. The rotating shaft of the motor 24 is fixedly connected with a rotating wheel 15. The rotating wheel 15 is fixed with a magnet 22. The pressure bearing rod 14 is slidably connected with the support plate 13. The first spring 28 is arranged between the support plate 13 and the pressure bearing rod 14. The pressure bearing rod 14 is slidably connected with the clamping block 27 through the second spring. The support plate 13 is provided with the clamping hole 26 matched with the clamping block 27. The second spring can make the clamping block 27 slide into the clamping hole 26. The clamping block 27 has magnetism. The magnetic pole of the clamping block 27 is the same as that of the magnet 22. The repulsive force generated by the magnet 22 and the clamping block 27 is greater than the elastic force of the second spring. When the magnet 22 rotates to the area of the clamping block 27, the magnet 22 can make the clamping block 27 compress the second spring and slide out of the clamping hole 26, so as to realize the release of the constraint of the water tank 11. The water tank 11 moves downward under its own weight and compresses the first spring 28.

[0052] The bottom of the water tank 11 is provided with at least one group of water outlets. The bottom of the water tank 11 is slidably provided with a sealing plate 18. The side of the sealing plate 18 extending out of the water tank 11 is provided with a dovetail block. One group of the support plate 13 is provided with a dovetail groove. The sealing plate 18 is slidably connected with the support plate 13. The side of the support plate 13 matched with the sealing plate 18 is a slope with a certain angle. The dovetail groove is arranged along the slope. The dovetail block matched with the dovetail groove of the sealing plate 18 is also inclined at a certain angle. The sealing plate 18 is provided with the through hole 17 matched with the water outlet of the water tank 11. The downward movement distance of the water tank 11 can adjust the matched opening of the through hole 17 and the water tank 11.

[0053] Specifically, by the slope setting of the support plate 13, when the water tank 11 moves down, by adjusting the opening size of the water outlet matched with the through hole 17, the water stored in the water tank 11 can be completely drained in a fixed unit time when the water tank 11 moves down, and the water stored in the upper part of the water tank 11 is not affected, that is, the water tank 11 drains water while the water in the upper part of the water tank 11 is filled, and the stored water is completely drained in a fixed time by adjusting the opening size, without affecting the water storage in the next time period.

[0054] Further, the lower end surface of the rotating wheel 15 is fixed with a protrusion 23, the protrusion 23 is located below the magnet 22, the region of the support plate 13 close to the clamping block 27 is fixed with a first switch 25, the protrusion 23 can cooperate with the first switch 25, and a second electric push rod 12 is also fixed at a suitable position of the support plate 13, the second electric push rod 12 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water tank 11, and a telescopic protective sleeve is arranged outside the working shaft of the second electric push rod 12, which is used to prevent foreign matter from damaging the working shaft, the second electric push rod 12 can reset the water tank 11 when working, and the first switch 25 and the second electric push rod 12 are electrically connected with the controller.

[0055] Specifically, when the rotating wheel 15 drives the magnet 22 to remove the clamping block 27 from the clamping hole 26, the protrusion 23 makes the first switch 25 work, the controller starts timing, and the water in the water tank 11 is drained in a fixed time, after the fixed time is over, the second electric push rod 12 moves the water tank 11 upward to reset, at this time, the magnet 22 has turned out of the magnetic field area formed by the clamping block 27, so that the clamping block 27 slides into the clamping hole 26 again under the action of the second spring, and the second electric push rod 12 resets the water tank 11 and then reverses under the action of the controller.

[0056] Further, at least two groups of auxiliary rods are symmetrically arranged on the support plate 13, and the water tank 11 is sleeved on the auxiliary rods through the auxiliary plate, so that the water tank 11 can only slide up and down.

[0057] Further, the rotation speed of the motor 24 can also be adjusted by the controller to adjust the time interval period of the water tank 11 receiving water, and the fixed time when the first switch 25 starts timing to make the second electric push rod 12 work can also be adjusted by the controller to make the water tank 11 drain water consistent with the water filling in the upper part of the water tank 11.

[0058] The hull 1 is fixedly connected with a straight sliding potentiometer 16, the straight sliding potentiometer 16 is electrically connected with the controller, the straight sliding potentiometer 16 includes a sliding sheet, the sliding sheet is fixedly connected with the water tank 11, and when the water tank 11 drives the sliding sheet to move downward, the straight sliding potentiometer 16 can adjust the moving speed of the hull 1.

[0059] Specifically, the straight sliding potentiometer 16, also known as a slider, pusher or sliding potentiometer, is an electronic component that adjusts resistance value through linear displacement.

[0060] Specifically, the straight slide potentiometer 16 can adjust the input voltage of the motor by changing the resistance value, so that when the slide piece slides in the upper half of the active stroke of the straight slide potentiometer 16, the faster it slides downward, the slower the moving speed of the hull 1 is; when it slides in the lower half of the active stroke, the faster it slides downward, the faster the moving speed of the hull 1 is.

[0061] Specifically, the straight slide potentiometer 16 adopts a nonlinear resistance value distribution, which can directly realize segmented speed adjustment through a voltage dividing circuit, and is a customized product for manufacturers.

[0062] Specifically, the first switch 25, the second switch 29 and the third switch 30 are press-type spring switches, which are mature products in the market and can be purchased according to needs.

[0063] Specifically, the press-type spring switch is usually composed of a press button, a spring, a fixed seat and a conductive contact. The press button is usually made of plastic or metal material and has certain pressing performance and mechanical strength. The spring functions to automatically reset the button and ensure the elasticity of pressing. The fixed seat is used to fix the button and the spring to ensure that their positions do not change. The conductive contact is a key part of the circuit, which makes the contact connect or disconnect the circuit by pressing the button, thereby realizing the function of the switch.

[0064] Specifically, the retractable motor 5 and the intermittent motor 19 can complete rotation in two directions under the control of the controller, and the motor 24 is a unidirectional rotation motor, which are mature products in the market and can be purchased according to needs.

[0065] A river dredging device uses the above-mentioned river dredging device, including the following steps:

[0066] S1 adjustment: adjust the water inlet angle of the suction machine 9 according to the depth of the river, so that the lower suction port just contacts the riverbed;

[0067] S2 filtering: the suction machine 9 sucks the silt into the filter box 6, and the river water flows into the water tank 11 downward through the filter screen;

[0068] S3 period: the runner 15 rotates at a set speed, and the clamping block 27 is moved out of the clamping hole 26 by the magnet 22 at a fixed time interval, and the water tank 11 slides downward under the weight of the stored water and compresses the first spring 28;

[0069] S4 water tank drainage: the downward movement distance of the water tank 11 is proportional to the internal stored water weight of the water tank 11, the sealing plate 18 is slid to open the water outlet by the support plate 13, the opening of the water outlet is proportional to the internal stored water weight of the water tank 11 under the cooperation of the through hole 17, the water in the water tank 11 is discharged, the second electric push rod 12 resets the water tank 11 after a unit time, and water continuously flows into the upper part of the water tank 11 when the water tank 11 is draining;

[0070] The drainage time is a fixed value, and the discharge amount of the water tank 11 per unit time is the water storage amount when the water tank is lowered, so that the water in the upper part of the water tank 11 can be reserved when the water tank is reset;

[0071] Specifically, in step S3, when the magnet 22 moves the clamping block 27 out of the clamping hole 26, the protrusion 23 below the rotating wheel 15 makes the first switch 25 work, and the signal is fed back to the controller. The controller starts timing the drainage time, and after the drainage time is over, the controller makes the second electric push rod 12 work to lift the water tank 11 upward to reset, so that the clamping block 27 is clamped into the clamping hole 26 again. After the water tank 11 is reset, the second electric push rod 12 is reset under the action of the controller, and the sealing plate 18 completes the sealing of the water outlet of the water tank 11, and the water storage of the water tank 11 in the next cycle is completed.

[0072] S5: The water tank 11 is lowered, and the weight of the water stored in the water tank 11 causes the distance of the water tank 11 to be different, so that the straight sliding potentiometer 16 adjusts the moving speed of the ship body 1 through the controller according to the position of the water tank 11;

[0073] Specifically, the straight sliding potentiometer 16 slides according to the initial weight of the water tank 11 to the corresponding area. When the sliding piece slides to the upper half area, it proves that the water filtered in the upper filter tank 6 is less at this time, and the suction dredger 9 sucks more mud from the lower part, which proves that the area has more mud. At this time, the controller reduces the ship speed according to the signal fed back by the straight sliding potentiometer 16, so that the suction dredger 9 can adapt to the amount of river bottom mud, and the ship speed is maintained within one unit time of the rotation of the rotating wheel 15. When the sliding piece slides to the lower half area, it proves that the water filtered in the upper filter tank 6 is more at this time, and the suction dredger 9 sucks less mud from the lower part, which proves that the area has less mud. At this time, the controller increases the ship speed according to the signal fed back by the straight sliding potentiometer 16, so that the suction dredger 9 can adapt to the amount of river bottom mud, and the ship speed is maintained within one unit time of the rotation of the rotating wheel 15.

[0074] Specifically, in step S4, when the water tank 11 is reset upward, the sliding piece of the straight sliding potentiometer 16 is reset at the same time. At this time, the moving speed of the ship body 1 is controlled by the controller, so that the ship body 1 can maintain the current speed without being affected by the reset of the straight sliding potentiometer 16. When the first switch 25 works, the controller adjusts the moving speed of the ship body 1 according to the moving position of the sliding piece of the straight sliding potentiometer 16 at this time.

[0075] S6: The controller controls the retractable motor 5 to work to make the baffle 4 slide into the filter tank 6 and touch the third switch 30. The controller makes the intermittent motor 19 work to make the second gear 20 rotate, so that the lead screw 21 drives the cleaning frame 17 to clean the deposited mud into the ship body 1. After that, the controller makes the cleaning frame 17 reset and touch the second switch 19. Then the controller reverses the retractable motor 5 to reset the baffle 4.

[0076] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely divergences of the principles and application of the present application and that numerous modifications, changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A river channel dredging device, comprising a hull (1) to which a suction dredger (9) capable of adjusting the angle of entry into water is hinged, and a controller is further arranged in the hull (1), characterized in that, The ship body (1) is fixedly connected with a filter box (6), the side of the filter box (6) is provided with a filter screen, the lower portion of the filter box (6) is provided with a water tank (11) for receiving filtered water, the side of the water tank (11) is symmetrically fixedly provided with a pressure bearing rod (14), the ship body (1) is fixedly connected with a support plate (13), the pressure bearing rod (14) is slidably connected with the support plate (13), the pressure bearing rod (14) is provided with a switch assembly matched with the support plate (13), the support plate (13) is rotatably connected with a rotating wheel (15), the rotating wheel (15) is provided with a magnet (22), the magnet (22) can be matched with the switch assembly to enable the water tank (11) to move downward, and the ship body (1) is provided with a speed adjusting member, which can adjust the moving speed of the ship body (1) according to the downward moving distance of the water tank (11).

2. The riverway dredging apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The switch assembly comprises a clamping block (27), the magnetic pole of the clamping block (27) is the same as that of the magnet (22), and the clamping block (27) is slidably connected with the pressure bearing rod (14) through a second spring; and the support plate (13) is provided with a clamping opening (26) matched with the clamping block (27).

3. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The support plate (13) is fixedly provided with a motor (24), the rotating wheel (15) is fixedly arranged at the shaft end of the rotating shaft of the motor (24), the lower end surface of the rotating wheel (15) is fixedly provided with a protrusion (23) at a suitable position, the support plate (13) is fixedly provided with a first switch (25) at a suitable position, the protrusion (23) can be matched with the first switch (25), and the support plate (13) is further fixedly provided with a second electric push rod (12) at a suitable position, the second electric push rod (12) can reset the water tank (11); and the motor (24), the first switch (25) and the second electric push rod (12) are electrically connected with a controller.

4. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The speed adjusting member is a straight sliding potentiometer (16), the straight sliding potentiometer (16) is electrically connected with the controller, the straight sliding potentiometer (16) is fixedly connected with the ship body (1), the straight sliding potentiometer (16) comprises a sliding sheet, the sliding sheet is fixedly connected with the water tank (11), and when the water tank (11) drives the sliding sheet to move downward, the straight sliding potentiometer (16) can adjust the moving speed of the ship body (1).

5. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The bottom of the water tank (11) is provided with at least one group of water outlets, the bottom of the water tank (11) is slidably provided with a sealing plate (18), the sealing plate (18) is provided with a via hole (17) matched with the water outlet of the water tank (11), and the sealing plate (18) is slidably connected with one group of the support plates (13); and the downward moving distance of the water tank (11) can adjust the matched opening of the via hole (17) and the water tank (11).

6. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The filter box (6) is provided with a sliding slot (8) at a suitable position, the sliding slot (8) is slidably connected with a baffle (4), the filter box (6) is provided with a third switch (30) matched with the baffle (4), the baffle (4) is slidably connected with a cleaning frame (7) below, the filter box (6) is provided with a second switch (29) matched with the cleaning frame (7), the cleaning frame (7) and the filter box (6) are matched to store sludge, and the second switch (29) and the third switch (30) are electrically connected with the controller.

7. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The filter box (6) is fixed with a retractable motor (5), the filter box (6) is fixed with an auxiliary guide rod matched with the baffle (4), one end of the baffle (4) away from the filter box (6) is fixed with a pull rope, the other end of the pull rope is wound on the working shaft of the retractable motor (5), the auxiliary guide rod is sleeved with a third spring for resetting the baffle (4), and the retractable motor (5) is electrically connected with the controller.

8. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The cleaning frame (7) is fixed with a lead screw (21) on one side close to the ship body (1), the lead screw (21) is threadedly connected with a second gear (20), the second gear (20) is rotatably connected to the ship body (1), the ship body (1) is fixed with an intermittent motor (19), the working shaft of the intermittent motor (19) is in transmission connection with the second gear (20), the second gear (20) can drive the lead screw (21) to slide when rotating, and the cleaning frame (7) slides to clean the sludge deposited in the filter box (6), and the intermittent motor (19) is electrically connected with the controller.

9. The riverway dredging apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The ship body (1) is provided with a guide groove (3) at a suitable position, and the cleaning frame (7) is fixed with an auxiliary guide column matched with the guide groove (3).

10. A method of using a river channel dredging device, based on the river channel dredging device of claim 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1 adjustment: the water inlet angle of the sludge suction machine (9) is adjusted according to the depth of the river, so that the lower suction port just contacts the riverbed; S2 filtering: the sludge suction machine (9) sucks the sludge into the filter box (6), and the river water flows downward into the water tank (11) through the filter screen; S3 period: the runner (15) rotates at a set speed, the clamping block (27) is moved out of the clamping hole (26) by the magnet (22) at a fixed time interval, and the water tank (11) slides downward under the weight of the stored water and compresses the first spring (28); S4 water tank drainage: the downward movement distance of the water tank (11) is proportional to the weight of the stored water in the water tank (11), the sealing plate (18) is slidably opened by the supporting plate (13) to open the water outlet, and the opening of the water outlet is proportional to the weight of the stored water in the water tank (11) under the cooperation of the through hole (17), so that the water in the water tank (11) is discharged, the second electric push rod (12) resets the water tank (11) after a unit time, and water continuously flows into the water tank (11) when the water tank (11) is draining; The drainage time is a fixed value, and the discharge amount of the water tank (11) in a unit time is the amount of stored water when the water tank (11) is descending, so that the water inflow during drainage is retained when the water tank (11) is reset; S5: speed regulation: when the water tank (11) is descending, the weight of the water in the water tank (11) makes the descending distance different, and the straight sliding potentiometer (16) adjusts the moving speed of the ship body (1) according to the position of the water tank (11) through the controller; S6: cleaning: the controller controls the work of the retractable motor (5) to make the baffle (4) slide into the filter box (6) and touch the third switch (30), the controller makes the intermittent motor (19) work, the second gear (20) rotates, the lead screw (21) drives the cleaning frame (17) to clean the deposited sludge into the ship body (1), then the controller resets the cleaning frame (17) and touches the second switch (19), and then the controller reverses the retractable motor (5) to reset the baffle (4).

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