A pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes

Abstract

The application discloses a pendulum impact test device for steel pipes and relates to the technical field of impact tests, which comprises a base, a pedestal fixed on the base, a power mechanism fixed on the pedestal, a power output end of the power mechanism, a pendulum assembly installed on the power output end, a test piece seat corresponding to the pendulum assembly fixed on the base, a visual sensor arranged in the space above the base and used for observing test pieces on the test piece seat, and an automatic feeding assembly arranged in the space above the base and used for automatic feeding. During the test, the automatic feeding assembly provides a first test piece, at this time, the pendulum assembly impacts the first test piece at a first speed and a first impact, then the automatic feeding assembly provides a second test piece, the pendulum assembly adjusts its parameters based on the damage degree of the first test piece, and impacts the second test piece at a second speed and a second impact, so that the test result can truly reflect the material performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of impact testing technology, and specifically to a pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes. Background Technology

[0002] As a key material in engineering, the impact toughness of steel pipes directly affects structural safety and service life. Currently, the industry widely uses pendulum impact testing machines to evaluate the performance of steel pipes. These devices use the kinetic energy released by a pendulum to impact the specimen, and determine the material properties based on the fracture energy or fracture morphology. Traditional testing machines typically consist of a base, pendulum mechanism, specimen holder, and manual operating system. They rely on manual operation for specimen positioning and residue cleaning, and use fixed impact parameters to perform a single test.

[0003] However, manually operated testing processes are not only inefficient and pose safety hazards, but manual positioning can also lead to specimen installation deviations, causing impact point shifts and affecting the reliability of test results. Furthermore, traditional equipment only supports single-impact, fixed-energy modes, making it difficult to adapt to the testing needs of materials with varying toughness. For high-toughness steel pipes, a single impact may not completely fracture the specimen; for brittle materials, fixed energy may mask their performance boundary characteristics, leading to inaccurate differentiation of material response characteristics (such as ductile fracture versus brittle fracture).

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes, comprising a base, a pedestal fixed on the base, a power mechanism fixed on the pedestal, the power mechanism having a power output end, and a pendulum assembly installed on the power output end; a specimen holder corresponding to the pendulum assembly is also fixed on the base; a visual sensor for observing the specimen on the specimen holder is also provided in the space above the base; an automatic feeding assembly for automatic feeding is also provided in the space above the base; during the test, a first specimen is provided using the automatic feeding assembly, at which time the pendulum assembly impacts the first specimen with a first velocity and a first impulse, and then the automatic feeding assembly provides a second specimen, the pendulum assembly adjusting its own parameters based on the degree of damage to the first specimen, and impacting the second specimen with a second velocity and a second impulse.

[0006] Preferably, the first velocity is controlled within the range of 2m / s-3m / s, and the first impulse is set to 40%-60% of the estimated fracture energy of the material; the visual sensor collects the damage morphology and crack propagation data of the first specimen, and the measuring component inside the pendulum assembly collects the displacement data during the impact process; based on the damage morphology, crack propagation data and displacement data, the response characteristics of the material are comprehensively judged to be brittle and tough; the second velocity is the standard test velocity of 5m / s-5.5m / s.

[0007] Preferably, the visual sensor is a high-speed camera with a frame rate of not less than 1000 frames per second.

[0008] Preferably, a push rod is provided in the middle of the base, and a push block corresponding to the specimen seat is provided at the output end of the push rod. The push rod and the push block are used to position the specimen or to perform a feeding operation on the first specimen.

[0009] Preferably, the pendulum assembly includes: a pendulum base connected to the power output end via a pendulum rod; a blade holder connected to the pendulum base via an elastic element; a blade body detachably connected to the blade holder; and a guide rod fixed to the side of the blade holder away from the blade body, the guide rod slidingly extending into the pendulum base. The pendulum base also includes a measuring component and a locking component corresponding to the guide rod. When impacting the first specimen, the locking component is in a released state, and the measuring component measures displacement data during the impact process. When impacting the second specimen, the locking component locks the guide rod, creating a rigid connection between the blade holder and the pendulum base.

[0010] Preferably, the measuring component includes: a timing wheel, which is rotatably disposed in the pendulum seat and engages with a rack on the guide rod; an arc plate, which is fixed in the pendulum seat and concentrically disposed with the timing wheel; a pressure sensor array, which consists of multiple pressure sensors sequentially attached to the side of the arc plate near the timing wheel; and a pressure needle, which is fixed on the timing wheel, rotates with the timing wheel, and presses the pressure sensor array.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the pressure sensor array is provided with a protective layer, and the portion of the pressure needle that contacts the protective layer is spherical.

[0012] Preferably, the locking assembly includes: a mounting plate fixedly embedded in the pendulum seat; a drive wheel rotatably disposed in the pendulum seat and engaging with a rack on the guide rod; and at least two symmetrically arranged clamping plates, one end of which is hinged to the mounting plate and the other end of which is hinged to a connecting rod driven by a miniature telescopic rod.

[0013] Preferably, the automatic feeding assembly includes: a lateral drive component having a lateral drive end; a height adjustment component fixed to the lateral drive end, the height adjustment component having a height adjustment end; a rotating base fixed to the height adjustment end, the rotating base having a rotating end; an adsorption plate fixed to the rotating end, the adsorption plate being provided with an adsorption structure for adsorbing the specimen, and a positioning plate being fixed on the adsorption plate.

[0014] Preferably, when the specimen is determined to have a ductile response, the second impulse is set to be higher than the standard impact energy value; when the specimen is determined to have a brittle response, the second impulse is set to the standard impact energy value or slightly lower than the standard impact energy value.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes, which has the following advantages:

[0016] The automatic feeding component in this invention can realize fully automatic operation of specimen loading and unloading. In addition, with the push rod and push block, it can realize the positioning and unloading of specimens. Combined with the protective net to isolate the impact area, it eliminates the risk of manual intervention and significantly improves testing efficiency and operational safety.

[0017] This invention uses low-energy impact to obtain the failure morphology, crack propagation and displacement data of the specimen for the first time, and comprehensively judges the brittleness and toughness of the material; based on this, the secondary impact parameters are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the test results truly reflect the material properties. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the specimen holder, pendulum assembly, and power mechanism in this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the automatic feeding component in this invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the pendulum assembly in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the measuring component and the locking component in this invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Base plate; 3. Push rod; 4. Push block; 5. Specimen holder; 6. Automatic feeding assembly; 7. Vision sensor; 8. Protective net; 9. Pendulum assembly; 10. Power mechanism; 61. Lateral drive component; 62. Height adjustment assembly; 63. Rotary seat; 64. Adsorption plate; 65. Positioning plate; 91. Pendulum holder; 92. Pendulum rod; 93. Blade body; 94. Blade holder; 95. Elastic element; 96. Guide rod; 97. Measuring assembly; 98. Locking assembly; 971. Arc plate; 972. Pressure sensor array; 973. Protective layer; 974. Synchronous pulley; 975. Pressure needle; 981. Mounting plate; 982. Clamping plate; 983. Connecting rod; 984. Miniature telescopic rod; 985. Drive wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0025] Example: In this embodiment of the invention, please refer to... Figures 1-5 A pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes is provided, comprising a base 1, a base 2 fixed on the base 1, and a power mechanism 10 fixed on the base 2, the power mechanism 10 having a power output end. A pendulum assembly 9 is mounted on the power output end. A protective net 8 is also provided on one side of the base 1. A specimen holder 5 corresponding to the pendulum assembly 9 is also fixed on the base 1. A vision sensor 7 for observing the specimen on the specimen holder 5 is also provided in the space above the base 1. An automatic feeding assembly 6 for automatic feeding is also provided in the space above the base 1. During the test, a first specimen is provided using the automatic feeding assembly 6, at which time the pendulum assembly 9 impacts the first specimen with a first velocity and a first impulse. Then, the automatic feeding assembly 6 provides a second specimen. The pendulum assembly 9 adjusts its own parameters based on the degree of damage to the first specimen and impacts the second specimen with a second velocity and a second impulse.

[0026] The specimen holder 5 is equipped with a clamp for mounting a U-shaped notch specimen, and the radius of the U-shaped notch is not less than 1 mm.

[0027] Furthermore, a push rod 3 is provided in the middle of the base 2, and a push block 4 corresponding to the specimen seat 5 is provided at the output end of the push rod 3. The push rod 3 and the push block 4 are used to position the specimen or to perform a feeding operation on the first specimen.

[0028] Therefore, at the start of the test, the automatic feeding assembly 6 transports the first specimen (such as a steel pipe sample) to the specimen holder 5. The power mechanism 10 drives the pendulum assembly 9 to impact the first specimen with a preset first speed and first impulse. The vision sensor 7 captures the damage morphology of the first specimen, providing real-time data for subsequent analysis.

[0029] Subsequently, the push rod 3, in conjunction with the push block 4, pushes the first specimen on the specimen holder 5 away, and the automatic feeding assembly 6 then provides the second specimen. The pendulum assembly 9 adjusts its own parameters based on the degree of damage to the first specimen and impacts the second specimen with a second speed and a second impulse.

[0030] In other words, the automatic feeding component 6 and vision sensor 7 enable automatic transport and real-time observation of test specimens, reducing manual operation, minimizing human error, and improving test consistency and safety.

[0031] The pendulum assembly 9 can dynamically adjust parameters based on the degree of damage to the first specimen to conduct a second impact. This allows the device to optimize impact conditions for different material properties (such as toughness or brittleness), improving test accuracy and reliability.

[0032] In addition, the power mechanism 10 can be any one of an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or a pneumatic motor.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first velocity is controlled within the range of 2.0 m / s to 3.0 m / s, and the first impulse is set to 40% to 60% of the estimated fracture energy of the material. The visual sensor 7 collects the damage morphology and crack propagation data of the first specimen, while the measuring component 97 inside the pendulum assembly 9 collects the displacement data during the impact process. Based on the damage morphology, crack propagation data, and displacement data, the response characteristics of the material are comprehensively judged to be brittle and tough. The second velocity is the standard test velocity of 5.0 m / s to 5.5 m / s.

[0034] In this process, the pendulum assembly 9 impacts the first specimen at a first velocity. This velocity range is lower than the standard impact velocity, which avoids complete fracture of the specimen and only induces localized damage. The first impulse is set to 40%-60% of the material's estimated fracture energy. For example, if the estimated fracture energy is 100J, the actual impact energy is 40J-60J. This energy range induces observable damage while preserving the specimen's integrity, providing a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0035] If the crack propagates rapidly, the displacement data changes abruptly, and the failure morphology shows a straight fracture surface, it is judged as a brittle material.

[0036] If the crack propagates slowly, the displacement data changes gradually, and the failure morphology shows obvious necking or shear lip, it is judged to be a tough material.

[0037] Furthermore, the complementary data cross-validation between the vision sensor 7 and the measurement component 97 improves the accuracy of material response characteristic judgment. For example, crack propagation data and displacement abrupt changes jointly confirm brittle fracture, reducing misjudgments.

[0038] It should be explained that although the device is mainly used for testing steel pipes, there are significant differences in the material properties of steel pipes themselves, and different grades of steel pipes (such as Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel) have large differences in brittleness and toughness.

[0039] Furthermore, traditional single-impact tests use a fixed impact energy, which only records the impact absorption energy and lacks dynamic information such as crack propagation behavior and deformation process. Brittle materials will directly shatter under standard energy, making it impossible to obtain subsequent performance data; while ductile materials may not be fully tested due to insufficient energy.

[0040] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the specimen is determined to have a ductile response, the second impulse is set to be higher than the standard impact energy value; when the specimen is determined to have a brittle response, the second impulse is set to the standard impact energy value or slightly lower than the standard impact energy value.

[0041] Furthermore, the visual sensor 7 is a high-speed camera with a frame rate of not less than 1000 frames per second.

[0042] Further, the pendulum assembly 9 includes: a pendulum seat 91, which is connected to the power output end via a pendulum rod 92; a blade holder 94, which is connected to the pendulum seat 91 via an elastic element 95; a blade body 93, which is detachably connected to the blade holder 94; a guide rod 96, which is fixed to the side of the blade holder 94 away from the blade body 93, and the guide rod 96 slides into the pendulum seat 91; the pendulum seat 91 is also provided with a measuring component 97 corresponding to the guide rod 96 and a locking component 98; when impacting the first test piece, the locking component 98 is in a released state, and the measuring component 97 measures the displacement data during the impact process;

[0043] When the second test piece is impacted, the locking assembly 98 locks the guide rod 96, so that the knife holder 94 and the pendulum holder 91 form a rigid connection.

[0044] The tool holder 94 is flexibly connected to the pendulum holder 91 via an elastic element 95 (such as a spring or rubber buffer), forming a deformable elastic system. The tool body 93 is detachably fixed to the tool holder 94, facilitating the replacement of impact tools of different specifications. The guide rod 96 is fixed to the tail of the tool holder 94 and slides into the guide hole of the pendulum holder 91, restricting the tool holder 94 to move only in the impact direction.

[0045] The measuring component 97 includes: a synchronous wheel 974, which is rotatably disposed in the pendulum seat 91 and engages with the rack on the guide rod 96; an arc plate 971, which is fixed in the pendulum seat 91 and is concentrically disposed with the synchronous wheel 974; a pressure sensor array 972, which consists of multiple pressure sensors sequentially attached to the side of the arc plate 971 near the synchronous wheel 974; and a pressure needle 975, which is fixed on the synchronous wheel 974, rotates with the synchronous wheel 974, and presses the pressure sensor array 972.

[0046] In this embodiment, the synchronous wheel 974 is rotatably mounted inside the pendulum base 91 and meshes with the rack on the guide rod 96. When the guide rod 96 moves linearly, it drives the synchronous wheel 974 to rotate. Additionally, the pressure sensor array 972 consists of multiple (e.g., 8-16) thin-film pressure sensors evenly distributed along the circumference of the arc plate 971. The linear displacement of the guide rod 96 drives the synchronous wheel 974 to rotate via the rack, and the pressure needle 975 rotates with the synchronous wheel 974, sequentially pressing the pressure sensors at different positions.

[0047] For example: when the pressure needle 975 contacts the first sensor, it outputs signal S1, corresponding to displacement ΔL1; when it rotates to the second sensor, it outputs signal S2, corresponding to displacement ΔL2.

[0048] Furthermore, a protective layer 973 is provided on the outer surface of the pressure sensor array 972, and the part of the pressure needle 975 that contacts the protective layer 973 is spherical.

[0049] In this embodiment, the locking assembly 98 includes: a mounting plate 981, which is fixedly embedded in the pendulum seat 91; a drive wheel 985, which is rotatably disposed in the pendulum seat 91 and engages with a rack on the guide rod 96; and at least two symmetrically arranged clamping plates 982, one end of which is hinged to the mounting plate 981 and the other end is hinged to a connecting rod 983, which is driven by a miniature telescopic rod 984. When the miniature telescopic rod 984 retracts, it pulls the connecting rod 983 downward. The connecting rod 983 causes the clamping plates 982 to rotate inward around the hinge point of the mounting plate 981, symmetrically clamping the drive wheel 985.

[0050] In this embodiment, the automatic feeding component 6 includes: a lateral drive component 61 having a lateral drive end; a height adjustment component 62 fixed to the lateral drive end, and the height adjustment component 62 having a height adjustment end; a rotating base 63 fixed to the height adjustment end, and the rotating base 63 having a rotating end; and an adsorption plate 64 fixed to the rotating end, the adsorption plate 64 being provided with an adsorption structure for adsorbing the specimen, and a positioning plate 65 being fixed on the adsorption plate 64.

[0051] During implementation, the lateral drive component 61 moves to the specimen storage area, and the height adjustment component 62 descends until the adsorption plate 64 contacts the specimen surface. The adsorption structure is activated (e.g., a vacuum suction cup generates negative pressure), and the entire component is raised after adsorbing the specimen. The rotary seat 63 drives the adsorption plate 64 to rotate, allowing the specimen to get closer to the specimen holder 5. Then, the lateral drive component 61 transports the specimen to directly above the specimen holder 5, the height adjustment component 62 descends to the preset height, and the adsorption structure releases the specimen.

[0052] At this point, based on the feedback from the vision sensor 7, the position of the specimen can be adjusted again using the push rod 3 and the push block 4 to center it.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), on which a base (2) is fixed, and on which a power mechanism (10) is fixed, the power mechanism (10) having a power output end, and a pendulum assembly (9) is installed on the power output end; The base (1) is also fixed with a specimen seat (5) corresponding to the pendulum assembly (9); The space above the base (1) is also provided with a visual sensor (7) for observing the specimen on the specimen holder (5); An automatic feeding component (6) for automatic feeding is also provided in the space above the base (1); During the test, the automatic feeding assembly (6) provides a first specimen, at which time the pendulum assembly (9) impacts the first specimen with a first speed and a first impulse. Then the automatic feeding assembly (6) provides a second specimen, and the pendulum assembly (9) adjusts its own parameters based on the degree of damage to the first specimen and impacts the second specimen with a second speed and a second impulse. The pendulum assembly (9) includes: The pendulum seat (91) is connected to the power output end via the pendulum rod (92); The tool holder (94) is connected to the pendulum holder (91) via an elastic element (95); The blade body (93) is detachably connected to the blade holder (94); A guide rod (96) is fixed to the side of the tool holder (94) away from the tool body (93), and the guide rod (96) slides into the pendulum seat (91); The pendulum base (91) is also provided with a measuring component (97) corresponding to the guide rod (96) and a locking component (98); When the first test piece is impacted, the locking assembly (98) is in the released state, and the measuring assembly (97) measures the displacement data during the impact process; When the second test piece is impacted, the locking assembly (98) locks the guide rod (96), so that the knife holder (94) and the pendulum holder (91) form a rigid connection; The locking assembly (98) includes: Mounting plate (981), which is fixedly embedded in the pendulum seat (91); The drive wheel (985) is rotatably mounted in the pendulum seat (91) and engages with the rack on the guide rod (96); At least two symmetrically arranged clamps (982), one end of which is hinged to the mounting plate (981) and the other end is hinged to a connecting rod (983), which is driven by a miniature telescopic rod (984).

2. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first velocity is controlled within the range of 2m / s-3m / s, and the first impulse is set to 40%-60% of the estimated fracture energy of the material. The visual sensor (7) collects the damage morphology and crack propagation data of the first specimen, while the measuring component (97) inside the pendulum assembly (9) collects the displacement data during the impact process. Based on the comprehensive judgment of the failure morphology, crack propagation data and displacement data, the response characteristics of the material are brittle and tough; the second velocity is the standard test velocity of 5m / s-5.5m / s.

3. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual sensor (7) is a high-speed camera with a frame rate of not less than 1000 frames per second.

4. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A push rod (3) is provided in the middle of the base (2), and a push block (4) corresponding to the specimen seat (5) is provided at the output end of the push rod (3). The push rod (3) and the push block (4) are used to position the specimen or to perform a feeding operation on the first specimen.

5. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement component (97) includes: Synchronous pulley (974) is rotatably mounted in the pendulum seat (91) and engages with the rack on the guide rod (96); Arc plate (971) is fixed in the pendulum seat (91) and is concentrically arranged with the synchronous wheel (974); The pressure sensor array (972) consists of multiple pressure sensors that are sequentially attached to the side of the arc plate (971) near the synchronous pulley (974); A pressure needle (975) is fixed to the synchronous wheel (974), rotates with the synchronous wheel (974), and presses the pressure sensor array (972).

6. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer surface of the pressure sensor array (972) is provided with a protective layer (973), and the part of the pressure needle (975) that contacts the protective layer (973) is spherical.

7. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic feeding component (6) includes: A lateral drive member (61) having a lateral drive end; A height adjustment assembly (62) is fixed to the lateral drive end, and the height adjustment assembly (62) has a height adjustment end; A rotating base (63) is fixed to the height adjustment end, and the rotating base (63) has a rotating end; An adsorption plate (64) is fixed to the rotating end. The adsorption plate (64) is provided with an adsorption structure for adsorbing the specimen. A positioning plate (65) is also fixed on the adsorption plate (64).

8. The pendulum impact testing device for steel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the specimen is determined to have a ductile response, the second impulse is set to be higher than the standard impact energy value. When the specimen is determined to have a brittle response, the second impulse is set to the standard impact energy value or slightly lower than the standard impact energy value.

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