Combined mold and method for temperature control cooling of wax mold of single-crystal hollow turbine blade

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined die and method for temperature control cooling of a single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mould, the combined die comprises a die main body, a main body extension section, a sliding combined table and a temperature control cooling channel, the die main body is provided with a placing surface matched with the blade wax mould and a fixing column for positioning the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mould; the main body extension section is connected with the mold main body, and a sliding rail is arranged on the upper surface of the main body extension section; the sliding combination table is arranged on the sliding rail and can be subjected to sliding position adjustment along the sliding rail, and a spiral section positioning groove and a seeding section mounting groove which are matched with a crystal selector wax mold are formed in the sliding combination table. And the temperature control cooling channel is arranged in the mold main body and the main body extension section, and the mold main body is cooled through cooling liquid in the temperature control cooling channel. Compared with the prior art, the problems of warping, deformation and misalignment of a crystal selection section and a blade main shaft in the preparation process of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature alloy precision casting, and in particular to a combined mold and method for temperature-controlled cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] Single-crystal hollow turbine blades are core hot-end components of aero-engines. The elimination of grain boundaries in single-crystal blades significantly improves their high-temperature mechanical properties, thereby increasing the engine's intake temperature and overall performance. Single-crystal hollow turbine blades are typically manufactured using precision casting, a complex process involving wax pattern making, slurry application and sandblasting, dewaxing, shell sintering, directional solidification, and casting cutting and inspection. Because single-crystal hollow turbine blades require extremely high dimensional accuracy, and casting is a zero-margin process, each step in the manufacturing process is crucial and affects the quality and yield of the single-crystal turbine blades. Therefore, precise control of each step is essential.

[0003] As the starting point of the precision casting process for single-crystal turbine blades, the dimensional accuracy and consistency of the wax model have a decisive impact on subsequent processes and the final product. Therefore, precisely controlling the cooling rate of the wax model and reducing deformation and warping caused by inconsistencies in thickness and deflection are core issues in the wax model pressing process for single-crystal turbine blades. However, existing research rarely focuses on the precise control of the wax model cooling rate. Furthermore, due to the strict control of crystal orientation in single-crystal turbine blades, ensuring the alignment of the centerlines of the blade wax model and the crystal selector during welding is also a crucial issue in the wax model preparation process.

[0004] In the existing method for casting single-crystal twin-structure hollow guide vanes disclosed in CN111496187A, special tooling is required to correct and compensate for deformation after the wax pattern is pressed, but it does not involve active control of the cooling rate of the wax pattern. Although the multi-layer module stacked structure proposed in the existing method CN114799047A reduces the temperature gradient through vertical stacking design, it does not involve quantifiable control of the cooling rate of the wax pattern, making it difficult to suppress deformation caused by differences in wall thickness.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies have not solved the core problem of warpage and deformation in the preparation process of single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax molds. There is an urgent need for a mold and method that can simultaneously achieve temperature control and cooling of wax molds and precise positioning. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art by providing a combined mold and method for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades, which can overcome the problems of warping and deformation in the preparation process of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides a combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades, comprising a mold body, a body extension, a sliding assembly stage, and a temperature control and cooling channel, wherein specifically:

[0009] The mold body is provided with a placement surface that matches the blade wax model and a fixing column for positioning the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model;

[0010] The main body extension is connected to the mold body, and the upper surface of the main body extension is provided with a slide rail;

[0011] A sliding assembly platform is provided on the slide rail and can be slidably adjusted along the slide rail. The sliding assembly platform is provided with a spiral segment positioning groove and a crystal-leading segment mounting groove that match the crystal selector wax model.

[0012] A temperature-controlled cooling channel is provided in the mold body and the body extension section, and the mold body is cooled by the coolant in the temperature-controlled cooling channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the mold body is also provided with a cooling medium interface connected to the temperature control and cooling channel, and the cooling medium interface is used to connect to the temperature control platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the contour of the blade wax model placement surface matches the theoretical contour of the blade wax model, and the blade wax model placement surface contacts the blade basin surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

[0015] Furthermore, the blade wax mold fixing post is matched with the tenon extension section and the blade extension section position of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold.

[0016] Furthermore, the blade wax mold fixing post includes:

[0017] The first fixing post group includes at least two blade wax mold fixing post units, and the first fixing post group can abut against the end of the tenon extension section of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold;

[0018] The second fixing column group includes at least two blade wax model fixing column units, and the at least two blade wax model fixing column units in the second fixing column group are clamped on both sides of the blade extension section of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

[0019] Furthermore, the axis of the crystal-driving segment mounting groove is parallel to the axis of the blade wax mold placement surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the slide rail includes limiting blocks disposed on both sides of the upper surface of the main body extension section, and the two limiting blocks and the upper surface of the main body extension section constitute a slide rail structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the sliding combination table includes a sliding base plate that is slidably limited between two limiting blocks, a first support block and a second support block fixed to the upper surface of the sliding base plate;

[0022] The spiral segment positioning groove is provided on the first support block, and the groove surface of the spiral segment positioning groove matches the spiral segment of the crystal selector wax mold.

[0023] The crystal-driving segment mounting groove is provided on the second support block, and the groove surface of the crystal-driving segment mounting groove matches the crystal-driving segment of the crystal selector wax model;

[0024] The sliding base plate is used for sliding adjustment when the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model is docked with the crystal selector wax model;

[0025] The crystal guide section mounting groove is provided with a fixing buckle, which is used to limit the crystal guide section of the crystal selector wax model.

[0026] Furthermore, the combined mold for temperature control and cooling of single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax molds also includes a temperature control platform, which is connected to the temperature control and cooling channel through a pipe to control the rate of temperature change of the mold.

[0027] A second aspect of this invention provides a method for temperature control and cooling of a wax mold for a single-crystal turbine blade, implemented using the aforementioned combined mold, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Preheating control: The constant temperature medium is input into the temperature-controlled cooling channel through the temperature control platform to make the mold body reach the preset initial temperature;

[0029] S2. Wax mold pressing: Press a single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold onto the preheated placement surface and fix it in place by fixing pillars;

[0030] S3, Temperature Control and Cooling: Adjust the temperature control platform to output the medium with the set cooling rate, so that the wax mold cools down at the target rate under the constraint of the mold;

[0031] S4. Assembly preparation: When the wax mold temperature drops to the preset assembly temperature, the spiral section of the crystal selector wax mold is embedded into the spiral section positioning groove, and the crystal guide section is embedded into the crystal guide section mounting groove and locked with the fixing buckle.

[0032] S5. Precise positioning: Slide the sliding assembly table along the slide rail until the axis of the crystal-drawing section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface;

[0033] S6. Welding and fixing: Multi-point positioning welding is performed on the connection interface between the crystal selector wax model and the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

[0034] Furthermore, in S1, the preset initial temperature is determined by: based on the heat dissipation difference between the blade basin surface and the blade back surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model, the temperature value that balances the heat dissipation on both sides is calculated through numerical simulation.

[0035] In S3, the cooling rate is determined by selecting the cooling rate range that minimizes the warping deformation of the wax model based on the experimental data of wax sheet deformation.

[0036] In S5, the method for determining whether the axis of the crystal-drawing section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface is: to detect the spatial parallelism between the axis of the crystal-drawing section mounting groove and the axis of the placement surface by using a laser alignment instrument.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1) This invention precisely controls the cooling rate of the blade wax mold by controlling the cooling rate of the mold body, thereby preventing the blade wax mold from warping and deforming due to excessively fast or inconsistent cooling rates.

[0039] 2) This invention uses the precise positioning of the sliding assembly stage to precisely weld the crystal selector wax model and the blade wax model, ensuring that the main axis of the crystal selector and the blade wax model coincides, thus avoiding the occurrence of large blade orientation deviations due to improper wax model assembly.

[0040] 3) By adopting a standard wax mold assembly system and assembly process, this invention can effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of wax mold assembly, thereby significantly improving the consistency and reliability of blade wax mold assembly and providing a reliable guarantee for the casting of high-performance single-crystal turbine blades. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Appendix Figure 1 A combined mold for controlling the cooling of single-crystal turbine blades using wax molds;

[0042] Appendix Figure 2 A combined mold for controlling the cooling of single-crystal turbine blades using wax molds;

[0043] Appendix Figure 3 A combined mold for controlling the cooling of single-crystal turbine blade wax molds (during assembly);

[0044] Appendix Figure 4 Single-crystal turbine blade wax mold cooling and assembly mold working system.

[0045] In the figure: Mold body-1, main body extension section-2, sliding combination platform-3, temperature control platform-4, blade wax model placement surface-11, blade wax model fixing column-12, temperature control cooling channel-13, cooling medium interface-14, slide rail-21, sliding base plate-31, spiral section positioning groove-32, crystal pulling section mounting groove-33, crystal pulling section fixing buckle-34. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Overall, to overcome the problems of warping, deformation, and misalignment between the crystal selector section and the blade spindle during the preparation of single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax molds, this invention proposes a combined mold for temperature-controlled cooling of single-crystal high-temperature alloy turbine blade wax molds. This mold precisely controls the cooling rate of the blade wax mold by controlling the cooling rate of the mold body, thereby preventing warping and deformation during the cooling process. Precise positioning of the sliding assembly stage ensures accurate welding of the crystal selector wax mold and the blade wax mold, guaranteeing alignment between the crystal selector and the blade wax mold spindle. The single-crystal turbine blade wax mold cooling and assembly mold proposed in this invention not only significantly improves the dimensional accuracy and consistency of the wax mold but also ensures the crystal orientation of the blade, thus laying a solid foundation for high-quality casting of single-crystal turbine blades.

[0047] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, circuit structures, control methods, algorithms, and other features not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] In this embodiment, the combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades includes a mold body 1, a body extension section 2, a sliding assembly platform 3, and a temperature control and cooling channel 13, as detailed below. Figure 1 .

[0050] The mold body 1 is provided with a placement surface 11 that matches the blade wax model and a fixing post 12 for positioning the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model. The contour of the blade wax model placement surface 11 matches the theoretical contour of the blade wax model, and the blade wax model placement surface 11 contacts the blade basin surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model. The blade wax model fixing post 12 matches the position of the tenon extension section and the blade extension section of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model. The blade wax model fixing post 12 includes a first fixing post group and a second fixing post group, wherein the first fixing post group includes at least two blade wax model fixing post units, and the first fixing post group can abut against the end of the tenon extension section of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model; the second fixing post group includes at least two blade wax model fixing post units, and at least two blade wax model fixing post units in the second fixing post group are clamped on both sides of the blade extension section of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

[0051] The main extension section 2 is connected to the mold body 1, and the upper surface of the main extension section 2 is provided with a slide rail 21. The slide rail 21 includes limiting blocks on both sides of the upper surface of the main extension section 2, and the two limiting blocks and the upper surface of the main extension section 2 form a slide rail structure.

[0052] The sliding assembly platform 3 is mounted on the slide rail 21 and can be adjusted in a sliding manner along the slide rail 21. The sliding assembly platform 3 is provided with a spiral segment positioning groove 32 and a crystal-leading segment mounting groove 33 that match the crystal selector wax model. The sliding assembly platform 3 includes a sliding base plate 31 that is slidably limited between two limiting blocks, a first support block and a second support block fixed to the upper surface of the sliding base plate 31; the spiral segment positioning groove 32 is provided on the first support block, and the groove surface of the spiral segment positioning groove 32 matches the spiral segment of the crystal selector wax model; the crystal-leading segment mounting groove 33 is provided on the second support block, and the groove surface of the crystal-leading segment mounting groove 33 matches the crystal-leading segment of the crystal selector wax model; the sliding base plate 31 is used for sliding adjustment when the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax model is docked with the crystal selector wax model; the crystal-leading segment mounting groove 33 is provided with a fixing buckle 34, which is used to limit the crystal-leading segment of the crystal selector wax model. The axis of the crystal-leading section mounting groove 33 is parallel to the axis of the blade wax mold placement surface 11.

[0053] A temperature-controlled cooling channel 13 is provided in the mold body 1 and the body extension section 2, and the mold body 1 is cooled by the coolant in the temperature-controlled cooling channel 13. The combined mold for temperature-controlled cooling of single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold also includes a temperature control platform 4, which is connected to the temperature-controlled cooling channel 13 through a pipe and is used to control the rate of temperature change of the mold.

[0054] The following aspects also need to be considered during implementation:

[0055] The initial temperature and cooling rate settings are preferably determined based on specific calculations and characteristics of the blades.

[0056] The calculation process of the initial temperature and cooling rate preferably follows the principle of energy balance, that is, to strive to make the heat lost by the back side of the blade through air radiation roughly equal to the heat lost by the blade basin side through the mold conduction, so as to prevent the wax mold from shrinking and deforming towards the blade basin side due to uneven heat dissipation on both sides.

[0057] To accurately determine the optimal cooling rate range, a microfocus X-ray instrument is preferably used to observe the internal deformation pattern of the blade wax model under different cooling rates.

[0058] The numerical calculation process preferably uses an experimentally calibrated model. The calibration method includes: using infrared thermal imaging technology to measure the thermal radiation process on the back of the blade, and using thermocouples to measure the temperature of multiple feature points on the surface of the mold, thereby obtaining the overall heat dissipation law of the wax mold and correcting the mathematical model.

[0059] To ensure assembly accuracy, the axis of the crystal-driving section mounting groove 33 of the sliding assembly stage 3 must be strictly parallel to the axis of the blade wax mold placement surface 11 of the mold body 1.

[0060] The selectioner wax model and the blade wax model are preferably fixed by a three-point positioning welding method to help ensure the parallelism of their axes.

[0061] To improve production efficiency, the combined molds can preferably be arranged in parallel as a mold group and uniformly connected to the temperature control platform 4, thereby realizing the parallel cooling and combination operation of multiple wax molds.

[0062] This embodiment achieves high-precision manufacturing of single-crystal turbine blade wax molds through a synergistic mechanism of dynamic thermal compensation and mechanical coupling positioning. At the thermal management level, the temperature and / or flow rate of the medium flowing through the internal cooling channel 13 of the mold body 1 are controlled by the temperature control platform 4. By compensating for the heat dissipation difference between the blade back side and the blade base side of the wax mold, the wax mold as a whole shrinks uniformly according to a preset cooling rate curve, suppressing warping deformation caused by local thermal stress. At the geometric control level, the guide rail 21 of the sliding assembly table 3 and the mechanical constraints of the spiral segment positioning groove 32 and the crystal guide segment mounting groove 33 force the crystal selector wax mold and the blade wax mold to complete three-point positioning welding in an axially aligned state, ensuring crystal orientation accuracy. The two work together to form a thermo-mechanical dual closed-loop control, fundamentally solving the problems of wax mold dimensional deviation and crystal orientation offset.

[0063] Furthermore, in practical implementation, multiple single-crystal turbine blade wax mold cooling and combination molds can work in parallel, matched with at least one temperature control platform 4, forming a working system, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 .

[0064] The single-crystal turbine blade wax mold temperature control and cooling combination method in this embodiment is implemented using the above-mentioned combined mold, and includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Preheating control: The constant temperature medium is input into the temperature control cooling channel 13 through the temperature control platform 4 so that the mold body 1 reaches the preset initial temperature;

[0066] S2. Wax mold pressing: Press a single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold onto the preheated placement surface 11 and fix it in place by fixing column 12.

[0067] S3, Temperature Control and Cooling: Adjust the temperature control platform 4 to output the medium with the set cooling rate, so that the wax mold cools down at the target rate under the constraint of the mold;

[0068] S4. Assembly preparation: When the temperature of the wax mold drops to the preset assembly temperature, the spiral section of the crystal selector wax mold is embedded into the spiral section positioning groove 32, and the crystal guide section is embedded into the crystal guide section mounting groove 33 and locked by the fixing buckle 34.

[0069] S5. Precise Positioning: Slide the sliding assembly stage 3 along slide rail 21 until the axis of the crystal guide section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface 11. (See...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 ;

[0070] S6. Welding and fixing: Multi-point positioning welding is performed on the connection interface between the crystal selector wax model and the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

[0071] In specific implementation, in S1, the method for determining the preset initial temperature is: based on the heat dissipation difference between the blade basin surface and the blade back surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model, the temperature value that balances the heat dissipation on both sides is calculated through numerical simulation.

[0072] In S3, the cooling rate is determined by selecting the cooling rate range that minimizes the warping deformation of the wax model based on the experimental data of wax sheet deformation.

[0073] In S5, the method for determining whether the axis of the crystal-driving section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface 11 is: the spatial parallelism between the axis of the crystal-driving section mounting groove 33 and the axis of the placement surface 11 is detected by a laser alignment instrument.

[0074] The temperature control platform 4 is the core actuator for achieving precise temperature control and cooling of the wax mold in this embodiment. The platform integrates a temperature sensor, a semiconductor refrigerator, a circulating pump, and a temperature control unit. It is connected to the cooling medium interface 14 of the mold body 1 via a pipe. By monitoring the mold temperature in real time and adjusting the cooling power and the flow rate of the cooling medium, the medium flowing through the temperature control and cooling channel 13 is precisely controlled according to a preset program to control the cooling rate, thereby offsetting the heat dissipation difference between the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade wax mold, and fundamentally suppressing the deformation caused by the non-uniform shrinkage of the wax mold.

[0075] In practical implementation, the working principles of each component include:

[0076] The blade wax model placement surface 11: Its outer contour matches the theoretical design contour of the blade wax model, and it is used to support the pressed blade wax model and constrain its shrinkage behavior during cooling. The placement surface 11 contacts the blade basin surface of the blade wax model, mainly because the difference in the cross-section of the wax model on the blade basin side and the blade back side results in different releases of latent heat of solidification per unit time.

[0077] Blade wax model fixing post 12: Used to position and fix the wax model during placement and assembly to prevent it from shifting. The fixing post 12 is limited to the tenon extension section or blade extension section of the wax model to avoid contact with the main body of the blade wax model and causing damage.

[0078] Temperature-controlled cooling channel 13: Built into the mold body 1 and connected to the external temperature control platform 4 through cooling medium interface 14. Through controlled cooling medium circulation, the cooling rate of the mold body 1 is precisely controlled, thereby avoiding the difference in cooling rate of different parts of the wax mold caused by the inconsistency between the heat transfer characteristics of air and mold material, and the resulting shape deformation.

[0079] Cooling medium interface 14: used to connect the external circulation pipeline of the temperature control platform 4, specifically the connection to the temperature control platform 4.

[0080] The main extension section 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the mold body 1, serving as its horizontal extension structure. A slide rail 21 is provided at the top of this extension section.

[0081] The sliding assembly platform 3 is slidably connected to the main body extension section 2 via the slide rail 21, and mainly includes:

[0082] Spiral segment positioning groove 32: used to accommodate and position the spiral segment of the crystal selector wax mold.

[0083] Crystal guide section mounting groove 33: Used to accommodate and position the crystal guide section of the crystal selector wax model.

[0084] Diode segment fixing buckle 34: set on the die segment mounting groove 33, used to lock and fix the die segment.

[0085] The above implementation methods also require attention to the following points during implementation:

[0086] 1. Determine the optimal cooling rate through process experiments: Based on the structural characteristics of single-crystal blade wax molds, wax sheet samples of different thicknesses are prepared, and their deformation patterns are observed under different cooling conditions, thereby obtaining the optimal cooling rate range suitable for this type of wax mold.

[0087] 2. Calculate the mold temperature control curve: Using numerical calculation methods, solve the temperature control curve of the mold when both the back side and the base side of the single crystal blade wax mold are within the range of the optimal cooling rate.

[0088] 3. Set and start the temperature control program: Based on the calculated temperature control curve, set the initial temperature and cooling rate program of the mold on the temperature control platform 4.

[0089] 4. Preheat the mold and press the wax model: After the temperature of the main body of the mold 1 reaches the set initial temperature, the pressing of the blade wax model begins.

[0090] 5. Transfer the wax model to the mold for cooling: Transfer the pressed blade wax model to the blade wax model placement surface 11 of the mold body 1 for temperature-controlled cooling.

[0091] 6. Monitor temperature and trigger assembly process: Use infrared thermometer to monitor the wax mold temperature in real time. When the wax mold temperature drops to 23℃, the cooling stage of the blade wax mold is determined to be completed, and the assembly process is then started.

[0092] 7. Install and fix the crystal selector wax model: Place the crystal guide segment and spiral segment of the crystal selector wax model into the crystal guide segment mounting groove 33 and spiral segment positioning groove 32 of the sliding assembly table 3 respectively, and fix them with the crystal guide segment fixing buckle 34.

[0093] 8. Precise positioning and welding: Move the sliding assembly table 3 along the slide rail 21 to precisely align and overlap the crystal selector wax model and the blade wax model. Then, use a resistance welding gun to weld and fix the two together to complete the assembly.

[0094] Application Example 1

[0095] When using the combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades in Specific Application Example 1, the specific application process is as follows:

[0096] 1. Based on the characteristics of single-crystal blade wax molds, wax sheets of different thicknesses were designed. The deformation law of the wax sheets was observed under cooling conditions of 0.5℃ / min, 1℃ / min, 2℃ / min, 4℃ / min, 8℃ / min, and 16℃ / min. The suitable cooling rate range for single-crystal blade wax molds was found to be 4℃ / min~8℃ / min.

[0097] 2. Numerical calculations were used to determine the initial mold temperature and mold temperature control curve when both the blade back and blade base of the single-crystal blade wax mold were cooled at the optimal cooling rate of 6℃ / min.

[0098] 3. Set the temperature of the wax mold cooling and the preheating temperature of the combined mold body 1 to 35.2℃ on the temperature control platform 4, and control the initial temperature of the mold and its temperature and cooling rate.

[0099] 4. After the temperature of the mold body 1 reaches 35.2℃, start pressing the blade wax mold;

[0100] 5. After removing the pressed blade wax mold, place it directly on the wax mold placement surface 11, and the temperature control platform will begin to cool.

[0101] 6. Use an infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the wax model. When the temperature of the wax model reaches 23℃, the blade wax model has cooled down and the blade wax model assembly begins.

[0102] 7. Place the crystal selector wax model into the corresponding part of the sliding assembly table and fix it. Place the spiral section into the spiral section mounting groove 31, the crystal guide section into the crystal guide section mounting groove 32, and fix the crystal guide fixing section 33.

[0103] 8. Move the wax model assembly sliding table 3 until the selector wax model and the blade wax model are aligned. Use a resistance heating welding gun and a three-point positioning welding method to weld the selector wax model and the blade wax model together to complete the assembly.

[0104] 9. Remove the wax model and inspect its dimensions. The blade wax model cooled and assembled using this mold has a maximum deviation of no more than ±0.02mm in key parts of the blade body, and the coaxiality of its crystal-drawing section and blade main shaft is ±0.01mm, which is far superior to manual assembly.

[0105] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades, characterized in that, It includes a mold body (1), on which a placement surface (11) matching the blade wax model and a fixing column (12) for positioning the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model are provided; The main body extension section (2) is connected to the mold body (1), and the upper surface of the main body extension section (2) is provided with a slide rail (21); A sliding combination table (3) is provided on the slide rail (21) and can be slidably adjusted along the slide rail (21). The sliding combination table (3) is provided with a spiral segment positioning groove (32) and a crystal pulling segment mounting groove (33) that match the crystal selector wax model. A temperature-controlled cooling channel (13) is provided in the mold body (1) and the body extension section (2), and the mold body (1) is cooled by the coolant in the temperature-controlled cooling channel (13).

2. The combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outline of the blade wax model placement surface (11) matches the theoretical outline of the blade wax model, and the blade wax model placement surface (11) contacts the blade basin surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

3. The combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade wax model fixing post (12) matches the position of the tenon extension section and the blade extension section of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

4. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blade wax mold fixing post (12) includes: The first fixing post group includes at least two blade wax mold fixing post units, and the first fixing post group can abut against the end of the tenon extension section of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold; The second fixing column group includes at least two blade wax model fixing column units, and the at least two blade wax model fixing column units in the second fixing column group are clamped on both sides of the blade extension section of the single crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

5. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the crystal-driving segment mounting groove (33) is parallel to the axis of the blade wax mold placement surface (11).

6. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail (21) includes limiting blocks on both sides of the upper surface of the main body extension section (2), and the two limiting blocks and the upper surface of the main body extension section (2) constitute a slide rail structure.

7. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sliding combination table (3) includes a sliding base plate (31) that is slidably limited between two limiting blocks, a first support block and a second support block fixed to the upper surface of the sliding base plate (31); The spiral segment positioning groove (32) is provided on the first support block, and the groove surface of the spiral segment positioning groove (32) matches the spiral segment of the crystal selector wax mold; The crystal-leading segment mounting groove (33) is provided on the second support block, and the groove surface of the crystal-leading segment mounting groove (33) matches the crystal-leading segment of the crystal selector wax model; The sliding base plate (31) is used for sliding adjustment when the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model is docked with the crystal selector wax model; The crystal-leading section mounting groove (33) is provided with a fixing buckle (34), which is used to limit the crystal-leading section of the crystal selector wax model.

8. A combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades according to claim 7, characterized in that, The combined mold for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal hollow turbine blades also includes a temperature control platform (4), which is connected to a temperature control and cooling channel (13) via a pipe to control the rate of temperature change of the mold.

9. A method for temperature control and cooling of wax molds for single-crystal turbine blades, characterized in that, The method employs the combined mold according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. Preheating control: The constant temperature medium is input into the temperature control cooling channel (13) through the temperature control platform (4) so ​​that the mold body (1) reaches the preset initial temperature; S2, Wax mold pressing: Press a single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax mold on the preheated placement surface (11) and fix it in place by fixing column (12); S3, Temperature control and cooling: Adjust the temperature control platform (4) to output the medium with the set cooling rate so that the wax mold cools down at the target rate under the constraint of the mold; S4. Assembly preparation: When the temperature of the wax mold drops to the preset assembly temperature, the spiral section of the crystal selector wax mold is embedded into the spiral section positioning groove (32), the crystal guide section is embedded into the crystal guide section mounting groove (33) and locked by the fixing buckle (34). S5. Precise positioning: Slide the sliding assembly table (3) along the slide rail (21) until the axis of the crystal-leading section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface (11); S6. Welding and fixing: Multi-point positioning welding is performed on the connection interface between the crystal selector wax model and the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model.

10. The method for combined temperature control and cooling of a wax mold for a single-crystal turbine blade according to claim 9, characterized in that, In S1, the preset initial temperature is determined by: based on the heat dissipation difference between the blade basin surface and the blade back surface of the single-crystal hollow turbine blade wax model, the temperature value that balances the heat dissipation on both sides is calculated through numerical simulation. In S3, the cooling rate is determined by selecting the cooling rate range that minimizes the warping deformation of the wax model based on the experimental data of wax sheet deformation. In S5, the method for determining whether the axis of the crystal-drawing section of the crystal selector wax model coincides with the axis of the blade wax model placement surface (11) is: the spatial parallelism between the axis of the crystal-drawing section mounting groove (33) and the axis of the placement surface (11) is detected by a laser alignment instrument.

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