Riverway management method based on multi-technology coordination

Abstract

The application discloses a riverway treatment method based on multi-technology cooperation, and belongs to the technical field of riverway treatment. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a primary rain interception system on both sides of the riverway, separating the initial rainwater from the middle and later rainwater, separately collecting the initial rainwater to avoid pollution caused by entering the riverway, and making the middle and later rainwater enter the riverway to supplement ecological water volume; S2, installing a plurality of first straw carbon-increasing components which are arranged at intervals in the near-shore area of the riverway, and supplementing the carbon source for the water body microbial denitrification and nitrogen removal; and S3, arranging ecological floating islands in the off-shore area of the riverway, planting emergent plants on the island bodies of the floating islands, and fixing second straw carbon-increasing components below the island bodies. The ecological floating islands, the initial rain interception system and the first straw carbon-increasing components form a cooperative treatment system, can effectively block the initial rain pollution, relieve the problem of high nitrogen and low carbon imbalance of the water body, improve the nitrogen removal efficiency, and realize efficient and long-acting purification of the riverway water quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of river management, and specifically relates to a river management method based on multi-technology cooperation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rainwater is the core link of water cycle in nature, and is crucial to regional water resource supply and ecological protection. However, the accelerated urbanization leads to an increase in hardened ground and a decrease in surface permeability. At the same time, surface pollutants accumulate, and when it rains, the rainwater washes away the pollutants to form runoff, so that the initial rainwater becomes an important source of urban water pollution. The initial rainwater has high pollutant concentration and complex pollutant composition, including suspended, dissolved and colloidal harmful substances. When the initial rainwater flows into a river, it forms a strong impact load on the water quality of the river, which threatens the ecological balance of the water body.

[0003] More seriously, some rivers are long-term closed and lack water exchange, and have weak self-purification capacity. In this case, the pollutants brought by the rainwater cannot be effectively diluted and purified, further aggravating the river non-point source pollution, leading to continuous deterioration of water quality, frequent occurrence of "black and smelly" phenomenon, and affecting ecology and life.

[0004] In summary, the current part of the river is facing two pollution problems:

[0005] Firstly, the initial rainwater carries pollutants such as ground suspended particles, organic impurities, nitrogen and phosphorus into the river, forming a high-intensity water quality impact load and causing the river to "return black and smelly"; secondly, the water body in the river is in a long-term high-nitrogen and low-carbon imbalance state, and the microbial denitrification process is lack of sufficient carbon source support, resulting in low nitrogen removal efficiency and difficulty in achieving long-term stable and standard river water quality. SUMMARY

[0006] Based on the problems in the background art, the application provides a river management method based on multi-technology cooperation.

[0007] The technical scheme provides a river management method based on multi-technology cooperation, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, constructing an initial rain interception system on both sides of the river, which can separate the initial rainwater and the middle and late rainwater, and collect the initial rainwater separately to avoid the initial rainwater entering the river; and the middle and late rainwater enters the river to supplement the ecological water volume;

[0009] S2, installing a plurality of first straw carbon-increasing components arranged at intervals in the near-shore area of the river to supplement the carbon source for the microbial denitrification of the water body;

[0010] S3, arranging a plurality of ecological floating islands in the off-shore area of the river, wherein the ecological floating island comprises an island body, emergent plants are planted on the island body, and a second straw carbon-increasing component is fixed below the island body; and the ecological floating island, the initial rain interception system and the first straw carbon-increasing component in the near-shore area form a cooperative management system.

[0011] Preferably, the initial rain interception system in S1 comprises a slope body arranged on the side of the river channel, a platform is arranged on the slope body in the transverse direction, and a interception channel is arranged at the platform; a primary underground culvert is arranged in the slope body, and the primary underground culvert is located below the interception channel; the interception channel is communicated with the primary underground culvert through a vertical hole;

[0012] A plurality of first tires are arranged in the interception channel in the length direction at intervals; the two sides of each first tire are fixedly connected with side plates;

[0013] A flow guide piece is arranged between adjacent two first tires, and the flow guide piece comprises a flow guide plate arranged above the interception channel; one end of the flow guide plate is hinged to the channel wall of the interception channel through a rotating shaft; the flow guide plate can be flipped in the vertical direction about the hinge point; an elastic piece for resetting the flow guide plate is arranged between the flow guide plate and the interception channel; a water storage part for receiving rainwater is arranged at the end of the flow guide plate away from the hinge point; a stop table for limiting the upturning angle of the flow guide plate is arranged on the side plate.

[0014] Preferably, the construction method of the initial rain interception system in S1 is as follows:

[0015] S11, field survey is carried out in the slope body area on both sides of the river channel; the design parameters of the platform, the interception channel and the primary underground culvert are determined in combination with the slope and the height of the slope body;

[0016] S12, a excavator is used to excavate along the slope body on both sides of the river channel according to the determined positions; concrete construction is carried out; the primary underground culvert and the interception channel are built; the surrounding foundation pit of the primary underground culvert and the interception channel is backfilled; and the original topographic profile of the slope body is restored;

[0017] S13, the waste first tire is pretreated; and the side plate is fixedly installed on both sides of each first tire;

[0018] S14, the treated first tire is placed in the interception channel at the designed interval and is fixedly positioned;

[0019] S15, the flow guide plate and the elastic piece which are processed in advance are installed between adjacent first tires; after installation, the flow guide plate is manually flipped for testing, so as to ensure that the flow guide plate can be normally flipped and the elastic piece can drive the flow guide plate to rebound to the preset upturning angle.

[0020] Preferably, the first straw carbon-increasing assembly in S2 comprises a second tire, and cloth surfaces are arranged on both sides of the second tire; the cloth surfaces on both sides are sewn with a lock edge to seal the second tire; the second tire is filled with straw segments; and a plurality of flow holes are arranged in the second tire and / or the cloth surfaces;

[0021] The manufacturing method of the first straw carbon-increasing assembly comprises:

[0022] S21, the second tire, cloth and straw pieces are pretreated according to requirements;

[0023] S22, one piece of cloth is laid flat, the second tire is placed above the cloth, and the pretreated straw pieces are filled into the second tire; another piece of cloth is covered on the second tire, and the upper and lower two pieces of cloth are sewn together by lockstitching to seal the second tire;

[0024] S23, after filling, check whether the cloth is damaged due to filling, and ensure that the straw pieces are not leaked.

[0025] Preferably, the second straw carbon-increasing assembly includes a cloth bag, which is also filled with straw pieces, and the surface of the cloth bag has a plurality of overflow holes.

[0026] Preferably, the top surface of the flow guide plate is also slidingly connected with a cover plate for opening and closing the drainage groove; one end of the cover plate has a water collecting groove; the flow guide plate is respectively provided with a first positioning table and a second positioning table for positioning the cover plate, wherein the first positioning table can be magnetically connected with the end of the cover plate; the end of the flow guide plate away from the rotating shaft is provided with a flexible intercepting plate, and the intercepting plate is provided with a plurality of filter holes; the intercepting plate blocks the opening; the bank of the river channel is provided with a guardrail, and the bottom of the guardrail is provided with a collecting device for intercepting and collecting garbage.

[0027] Preferably, the specific method in S1-S3 is:

[0028] The initial rain interception system is constructed on both sides of the river channel, and the flow guide is debugged;

[0029] When there is no rainfall, one end of the flow guide plate is raised under the elastic force of the elastic member, the cover plate is magnetically positioned and closed by the first positioning table to close the drainage groove; the intercepting plate covers the opening, and the filter holes are in a free state;

[0030] When the rainfall starts, the initial rainwater flows along the slope to the platform and flows into the intercepting channel through the opening;

[0031] As the rainfall proceeds, the weight of the water collecting groove gradually increases after collecting the rainwater, and when the weight of the rainwater in the water collecting groove reaches the disengagement threshold of the magnetic positioning, the cover plate overcomes the magnetic attraction force of the first positioning table and slides along the sliding groove to the second positioning table, and in this process, the drainage groove is gradually opened; in this process, the intercepting plate continuously filters the initial rainwater and retains the garbage impurities to prevent them from entering the intercepting channel;

[0032] With the continuous rainfall, the rainwater accumulates in the water storage part, and the weight gradually exceeds the elastic force of the elastic member, driving the guide plate to overturn downward around the hinge point until the opening is completely closed, in the process, with the overturning of the guide plate, the intercepting plate also deforms adaptively; after the opening is closed, the guide plate forms a flow channel, and the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages flows directly into the river channel along the flow channel to supplement the ecological water volume; due to the large rainfall and fast runoff flow rate in the middle and late stages, the garbage intercepted and accumulated at the intercepting plate is washed off the plate body and rushes to the river channel along with the main rainwater, and is intercepted by the collection device on the shore;

[0033] The main rainwater entering the river will impact the first straw carbon-increasing assembly near the shore, so that the first straw carbon-increasing assembly accelerates the release of carbon source; at the same time, the main rainwater entering the river also forms water body disturbance, so that the second straw carbon-increasing assembly also accelerates the release of carbon source;

[0034] After the rainfall stops, the rainwater in the water storage part is gradually discharged through natural evaporation, and the weight slowly decreases accordingly; when the weight of the water storage part is less than the elastic force of the elastic member, the elastic force of the elastic member gradually overcomes the weight of the water storage part, driving the guide plate to gradually overturn upward around the hinge point and reset until the flow discharge opening is completely opened again; in the resetting process of the guide plate, the intercepting plate is automatically reset; the cover plate is manually reset to the first positioning table, and the drainage groove is closed again through magnetic positioning; the system returns to the initial state, waiting for the next rainfall cycle.

[0035] Preferably, the filling amount of the straw fragments is controlled to be 70% to 80% of the internal volume of the second tire.

[0036] Preferably, the emergent plants include but are not limited to reed, aconite, cattail, water onion, and lycianthes.

[0037] Preferably, the island body adopts a PE floating frame, the PE floating frame is provided with planting holes and fixing holes, the emergent plant planting bags are matched in the planting holes, and the second straw carbon-increasing assembly is connected with the fixing holes of the PE floating frame through nylon ropes.

[0038] The above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. The application innovatively integrates the initial rain interception technology and the straw carbon-increasing technology, realizes source pollution control through initial rain interception, blocks high-concentration pollutants into the river from the front end, relieves water quality impact load, relies on straw carbon-increasing to complete internal strengthening, supplements carbon source for microbial denitrification and nitrogen removal in water body, and improves nitrogen removal efficiency. The two technologies are combined to build a multi-technology integrated treatment system, and finally realize the core goal of efficient purification and long-term stable improvement of river water quality.

[0040] 2. The initial rain interception system designed by the application, at the initial stage of rainfall, the deflector is raised, and the initial rain enters the interception channel after being filtered by the interception plate (not into the river); at the middle and later stages of rainfall, the water storage part is filled with rainwater, the deflector is turned over to close the interception channel, and the clean rainwater directly enters the river to supplement the water, which can also flush the intercepted garbage, avoid the high-concentration initial rain entering the river to cause "returning black and returning foul", and maximize the use of rainwater to alleviate the current situation of insufficient ecological water quantity of the river. The whole process does not need manual intervention, and the accurate separation of the initial rain and the middle and later stage rain is realized through the dynamic balance of gravity and elasticity, which not only ensures the source pollution control effect, but also maximizes the use of rainwater resources.

[0041] 3. By setting the first straw carbon increasing component, the ecological floating island and the second carbon increasing component, a nearshore-offshore three-dimensional purification belt is constructed; in the nearshore area, the first straw carbon increasing component adopts the structure form of the second tire and cloth surface, the inside of the tire is filled with straw fragments, the nearshore area is impacted by rainwater entering the river more strongly, and the flow disturbance can accelerate the release of carbon source of the straw fragments, timely supplement the carbon source required by the water body after the pollutants are brought in by the rainwater, and alleviate the imbalance of high nitrogen and low carbon; in the off-shore area, the second straw carbon increasing component hung below the ecological floating island makes the straw carbon source release at a slower and more uniform speed, meets the carbon source demand of long-term denitrification and nitrogen removal of the off-shore water body, can solve the low nitrogen removal efficiency caused by the lack of carbon in the river water body, and avoid the water quality from failing to meet the long-term standard.

[0042] 4. By setting the flexible interception plate and the matching collection device, at the initial stage of rainfall, the flexible interception plate can intercept garbage such as dry branches and fallen leaves to realize front interception, reduce the garbage entering the inside of the interception channel from the source, and reduce the maintenance workload without frequent cleaning of the interception channel; at the middle and later stages of rainfall, the rainfall is large and the runoff flow speed is fast, and the flow impact force can flush the garbage intercepted by the interception plate from the plate body, so as to realize the self-cleaning of the interception plate, the flushed garbage is flushed to the river channel along with the main rainwater, and is collected by the matching collection device at the river bank, avoiding the garbage directly entering the river water body to ensure that the self-cleaning does not accompany secondary pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art.

[0044] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the initial rain interception system proposed in the application in Example 1.

[0045] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view of the initial rain interception system proposed in the application in Example 1.

[0046] Figure 3 is Figure 1A magnified view of the first tire, intercepting channel, and guide component in operation (with the diversion port open).

[0047] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the first tire, intercepting channel, and guide component in operation (with the diversion port open).

[0048] Figure 5 This is a magnified view of the first tire, the intercepting channel, and the guide component in coordination (with the diversion port closed).

[0049] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide component in the first example.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a top view of the first tire in the second example when it is connected to the intercepting channel.

[0051] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional arrangement of the first tire, intercepting channel, and guide component in the third example. Figure 1 .

[0052] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional arrangement of the first tire, intercepting channel, and guide component in the third example. Figure 2 .

[0053] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the first tire, intercepting channel, and guide component in the third example.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first straw carbonization component.

[0055] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the split structure of the first straw carbonization component.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second straw carbonization component.

[0057] Figure 14 This is the flowchart of this solution.

[0058] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0059] 1, river; 2, slope; 3, upstream slope; 4, downstream slope; 5, platform; 6, first tire; 61, side plate; 62, blocking table; 7, flow guide; 71, flow guide plate; 72, shaft seat; 73, water storage part; 74, drainage groove; 8, guardrail; 81, collecting device; 9, interception channel; 91, clamping groove; 10, vertical hole; 11, first level culvert; 16, cover plate; 161, water collecting groove; 162, second positioning table; 17, guide rail; 18, first positioning table; 19, intercepting plate; 20, first straw carbon increasing assembly; 21, second straw carbon increasing assembly; 201, second tire; 202, cloth surface; 2021, overflow hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, therefore, only as an example, but not to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0061] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 - Figure 14 The present embodiment proposes a river management method based on multi-technology cooperation, including the following steps:

[0062] S1, build a preliminary rain interception system on both sides of the river 1, which can realize the separation of initial rainwater and middle and late rainwater, and the initial rainwater is collected separately to avoid initial rain into the river; the middle and late rainwater enters the river 1 to supplement the ecological water volume;

[0063] S2, install a plurality of first straw carbon increasing assemblies 20 at intervals in the nearshore area of the river 1, to supplement the carbon source for water microorganism denitrification and denitrification;

[0064] S3, a plurality of ecological floating islands are arranged in the offshore area of the river 1, the ecological floating island includes an island body, emergent plants are planted on the island body, and a second straw carbon increasing assembly 21 is fixed below the island body; the ecological floating island forms a cooperative management system with the preliminary rain interception system, the first straw carbon increasing assembly 20 near the shore.

[0065] The following will be described in detail:

[0066] In some embodiments, the preliminary rain interception system in S1 includes a slope 2 arranged on the side of the river 1, a platform 5 is arranged on the slope 2 in the transverse direction, a interception channel 9 is arranged at the platform 5, and the interception channel 9 adopts a concrete structure; a first level culvert 11 is embedded in the slope 2, the first level culvert 11 is located below the interception channel 9, and the interception channel 9 is in communication with the first level culvert 11 through a vertical hole 10; if necessary, a filter screen can be arranged at the top of the vertical hole 10 to reduce the entry of garbage and impurities into the first level culvert 11.

[0067] If the embankment is higher, in order to ensure the stability of the slope, a platform 5 with a certain width is formed on the slope surface along the longitudinal direction to form two-stage slopes, namely the upstream slope 3 and the downstream slope 4. The role is to segmentally slow down the slope, reduce the height and pressure of the overall slope, prevent large-area landslide, and at the same time, the platform 5 can be used as a drainage channel and maintenance space, which takes into account the functionality and safety.

[0068] Specific slope protection methods, the upstream slope 3 adopts ecological blanket protection, and the slope is reinforced by means of plant root system, which has the effects of ecological protection and slope reinforcement; the downstream slope 4 adopts slope protection brick paving to enhance the structural stability.

[0069] A plurality of first tires 6 are arranged in the intercepting channel 9 along the length direction, and each first tire 6 is fixedly connected with a side plate 61 on both sides; in some embodiments, the fixing of the tire can adopt the way of angle code fixing or pre-embedded part fixing. The intercepting channel 9 can be arc-shaped or rectangular structure, and the arc-shaped structure can be more adaptive to the bottom of the tire.

[0070] A flow guide 7 is arranged between adjacent two first tires 6, and the flow guide 7 includes a flow guide plate 71 arranged above the intercepting channel 9, one end of the flow guide plate 71 is hinged to the channel wall of the intercepting channel 9 through a rotating shaft; the flow guide plate 71 can be flipped along the vertical direction around the hinge point, and an elastic member for resetting the flow guide plate 71 is arranged between the flow guide plate 71 and the intercepting channel 9, and the elastic member is used to provide elastic force; a water storage part 73 for receiving rainwater is arranged at the end of the flow guide plate 71 away from the hinge point; a stop table 62 for limiting the upturning angle of the flow guide plate 71 is arranged on the side plate 61, which is used to limit the upturning angle of the flow guide plate 71 to avoid excessive flipping affecting the use. The stop table 62 can be fixed on the side plate 61 in a pre-set position by adhesive method, which is convenient and stable to install. A clamping groove 91 can be arranged on the intercepting channel 9, and the edge of the flow guide plate 71 can be conveniently clamped in the clamping groove 91. The side plate 61 can be connected with the first tire 6 by adhesive, bolt connection or other ways.

[0071] Under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member, the end of the flow guide plate 71 away from the hinge point is upturned, so that an opening is formed between the flow guide plate 71 and the intercepting channel 9 for the initial rainwater to flow in; the water storage part 73 can drive the flow guide plate 71 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and flip downward by the weight change of the accumulated rainwater, until the opening is closed and the flow channel between the initial rainwater and the intercepting channel 9 is cut off.

[0072] Regarding the installation method of the flow guide plate 71:

[0073] One end of the flow guide plate 71 is provided with a rotating shaft, and the channel wall of the intercepting channel 9 is connected with a shaft seat 72, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the shaft seat 72; the flow guide plate 71 is provided with a drainage groove 74, and the drainage groove 74 is communicated with the water storage part 73, and the rainwater enters the water storage part 73 through the drainage groove 74.

[0074] As to the elastic member, two ways are adopted, respectively:

[0075] The first way: the elastic member is a compression spring, one end of which is connected with the bottom surface of the flow guide plate 71, and the other end of which is connected with the intercepting channel 9.

[0076] The second way: the elastic member is a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of which is connected with the flow guide plate 71, and the other end of which is connected with the intercepting channel 9.

[0077] In the foregoing description, the specific construction method of the initial rain interception system in S1 is as follows:

[0078] S11, field survey is carried out in the slope body 2 area on both sides of the river channel 1, and the design parameters of the platform 5, the intercepting channel 9 and the primary culvert 11 are determined in combination with the slope and height of the slope body 2;

[0079] S12, according to the positions determined by the survey, excavators are used to excavate along the slope body 2 on both sides of the river channel 1, concrete construction is carried out, the primary culvert 11 and the intercepting channel 9 are built, and the surrounding foundation pit of the primary culvert 11 and the intercepting channel 9 is backfilled to restore the original topographic profile of the slope body 2;

[0080] S13, the waste first tire 6 is pretreated, and the side plate 61 is fixedly installed on both sides of each first tire 6;

[0081] S14, the treated first tire 6 is placed in the intercepting channel 9 at a designed interval and is positioned and fixed;

[0082] S15, the flow guide plate 71 and the elastic member, which are processed in advance, are installed between adjacent first tires 6, after installation, the flow guide plate 71 is manually turned over for testing, to ensure that it can normally turn over and the elastic member can drive the flow guide plate 71 to rebound to a preset tilting angle.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first tire 6 can be inserted and fixed or fixed by an angle code, wherein the inserted and fixed way is that a plurality of insertion slots are reserved in the intercepting channel 9 when the intercepting channel 9 is built, and the first tire 6 can be inserted into the insertion slot to realize positioning and fixing. The insertion slot type fixing method makes the installation and disassembly process of the first tire 6 simple and fast. Since the first tire 6 can be easily disassembled, when it is necessary to clean the inside of the intercepting channel 9, the first tire 6 can be taken out from the insertion slot, so that the garbage, impurities and sludge etc. in the intercepting channel 9 can be more comprehensively and completely cleaned, to ensure the normal operation and drainage efficiency of the intercepting channel 9.

[0084] In some embodiments, the top surface of the deflector 71 is also slidably connected with a cover plate 16 for opening and closing the drainage groove 74; specifically, the surface of the deflector 71 is provided with a guide rail 17, and the cover plate 16 can be slidably connected with the deflector 71; one end of the cover plate 16 is provided with a water collecting groove 161; the deflector 71 is respectively provided with a first positioning table 18 and a second positioning table 162 for positioning the cover plate 16, wherein the first positioning table 18 can be magnetically connected with the end of the cover plate 16; the end of the deflector 71 away from the rotating shaft is provided with a flexible intercepting plate 19, and the intercepting plate 19 is provided with a plurality of filter holes; the intercepting plate 19 is blocked at the opening; the top end of the intercepting plate 19 is provided with a bending part connected with the top surface of the end of the deflector 71, so that a gap is formed between the main body of the intercepting plate 19 and the end of the deflector 71, which provides space for the bending of the intercepting plate 19, and ensures that the intercepting plate 19 can adaptively deform following the movement of the deflector 71 when the deflector 71 is turned over. The intercepting plate 19 is made of flexible material and can adaptively deform.

[0085] When it is not raining, the cover plate 16 can be connected with the first positioning table 18 by magnetic attraction, so as to stably maintain the closing state of the cover plate 16 to the drainage groove 74. The bank of the river 1 is provided with a guardrail 8, and the bottom of the guardrail 8 is provided with a collecting device 81 for intercepting and collecting garbage. The collecting device 81 can be an intercepting filter screen or a grating type collecting frame, which is fixed at the bottom of the guardrail 8 and cooperates with the intercepting plate 19 to prevent garbage carried by rainwater from directly entering the natural water body.

[0086] The initial rain interception system designed by the present application can realize the accurate separation of initial rain and mid-late rain through the dynamic balance of gravity and elasticity without manual intervention, which not only ensures the source pollution control effect, but also maximizes the utilization of rainwater resources.

[0087] In some embodiments, a secondary culvert is also provided in the slope 2, which is connected to the primary culvert 11 via a connecting pipe. Several inspection ports are spaced apart along the length of the top of the secondary culvert, and each inspection port is detachably connected to a manhole cover. The secondary culvert is connected to a drainage pipe, which connects to an external sewage treatment facility, allowing initial rainwater to enter the facility. In this embodiment, the secondary culvert primarily serves a regulation and storage function: on the one hand, initial rainwater in the primary culvert 11 can enter the secondary culvert via the connecting pipe, significantly expanding the initial rainwater storage capacity, and subsequent initial rainwater can be transported to the external sewage treatment facility via the drainage pipe; on the other hand, if heavy rainfall causes the river level in channel 1 to rise rapidly and overflow the top of the inspection ports, the river water can flow into the secondary culvert through the inspection ports and then be discharged via the drainage pipe, assisting in flood control and drainage, and enhancing the system's ability to cope with extreme rainfall.

[0088] Regarding the first straw carbonization component 20 in S2:

[0089] It includes a second tire 201, with fabric surfaces 202 on both sides of the second tire 201; the fabric surfaces 202 on both sides are sewn together to seal the second tire 201; the interior of the second tire 201 is filled with straw fragments; the second tire 201 and / or the fabric surfaces 202 are provided with a plurality of flow holes 2021.

[0090] The manufacturing method of the first straw carbon-enhancing component 20 includes:

[0091] S21, the second tire 201, the fabric 202 and the straw fragments are pre-treated as required;

[0092] Preprocessing mainly includes:

[0093] Used car tires are selected, and the inner and outer walls are first washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove impurities such as mud and oil adhering to the surface. The fabric 202 can be made of high-strength, water-resistant polyester or polypropylene canvas. This type of material has strong anti-aging properties and can withstand long-term immersion in the river 1 water body. According to the diameter of the second tire 201, the fabric 202 is cut to a suitable size. After cutting, the fabric 202 is soaked in a diluted sodium hypochlorite solution, taken out and dried. Dry agricultural waste such as corn stalks and wheat stalks are selected and crushed into pieces with a length of 3-5cm using a straw crusher. The crushed straw pieces are put into a drying equipment and dried at a temperature of 60-80℃ for 2-3 hours to reduce the moisture content of the straw to below 15%.

[0094] S22, one of the cloth surfaces 202 is laid flat, the second tire 201 is placed above the cloth surface 202, and the pretreated straw segments are filled into the interior of the second tire 201; the other cloth surface 202 is covered on the second tire 201, and the upper and lower cloth surfaces 202 are sewn together by using the lock stitch method to seal the second tire 201; it should be noted that the filling amount of the straw segments is preferably controlled to be 70%-80% of the internal volume of the second tire 201; 20%-30% of space is reserved, which can avoid the straw from expanding and breaking the cloth surface 202 after absorbing water, and on the other hand, can provide a channel for water flow and promote slow release of carbon sources.

[0095] S23, after filling is completed, it is checked whether the cloth surface 202 is damaged due to filling, and it is ensured that the straw segments are not leaked.

[0096] Regarding the second carbon-increasing assembly:

[0097] The second straw carbon-increasing assembly 21 includes a cloth bag, the cloth bag is also filled with straw segments, and the surface of the cloth bag has a plurality of overflow holes. The cloth bag can be sewn from high-strength and water-corrosion-resistant polyester or dacron canvas, realizing secondary utilization of waste resources.

[0098] Regarding the ecological floating island:

[0099] In some embodiments, the emergent plants include but are not limited to reed, alocasia, cattail, water onion, and justicia procumbens. The island body can adopt a PE floating frame, the PE floating frame is provided with planting holes and fixing holes, the emergent plant planting bag is matched in the planting hole, and the second straw carbon-increasing assembly 21 is connected with the fixing hole of the PE floating frame through a nylon rope.

[0100] The emergent plant community carried by the PE floating frame forms a microhabitat of “water surface vegetation layer - underwater root layer”: the water surface stems and leaves can provide habitats and feeding sites for birds and insects; the underwater roots are the hiding space and spawning matrix for fish and benthic animals, which gradually restores the food chain structure of the water body; the photosynthesis of the emergent plants increases the dissolved oxygen, and the carbon source supplemented by the straw decomposition optimizes the microbial community structure, and the two jointly reduce the proportion of anaerobic environment of the water body and reduce the black odor of the bottom mud; at the same time, the plant residues and straw decomposition products can increase the organic matter of the water body, gradually improve the fertility of the bottom mud, and lay a foundation for the natural recovery of subsequent aquatic plants.

[0101] The emergent plant roots not only absorb pollutants, but also provide attachment points for microorganisms, so that the carbon source released by the straw is more easily utilized by microorganisms, and the nitrogen removal is accelerated; in turn, the organic matter decomposed by the straw can nourish the plants, forming a virtuous cycle of “plants - microorganisms - straw”, which is much stronger than the purification effect of using plants or supplementing carbon alone.

[0102] The specific method in S1-S3 is:

[0103] The initial rain interception system is constructed on both sides of the river channel 1, and the diversion member 7 is debugged.

[0104] When it is not raining, one end of the diversion plate 71 is raised under the elastic force of the elastic member, the cover plate 16 is positioned and closed by the first positioning table 18 through magnetic attraction to close the drainage groove 74, so as to avoid sundries from falling into the drainage groove 74 during the non-rain period; the intercepting plate 19 covers the opening, and the filter hole is in a smooth state; specifically, the flexible intercepting plate 19 naturally falls to cover the opening, the filter hole remains unobstructed, and the shore collecting device 81 is empty and on standby.

[0105] When the rain starts, the initial rainwater flows along the slope body 2 to the platform 5 and flows into the interception channel 9 through the opening; specifically, the initial rainwater flows slowly along the surface of the slope body 2 to the platform 5, first contacting the flexible intercepting plate 19; when the rainwater passes through the filter hole of the intercepting plate 19, the garbage such as dry branches and fallen leaves is intercepted, and the filtered initial rainwater flows into the interception channel 9 through the opening, and then flows into the first underground culvert 11 through the vertical hole 10 for temporary storage, and is uniformly treated later.

[0106] As the rain continues, the weight of the collected water in the water collecting groove 161 gradually increases, and when the weight of the rainwater in the water collecting groove 161 reaches the detachment threshold of the magnetic attraction positioning, the cover plate 16 overcomes the magnetic attraction force of the first positioning table 18 and slides along the sliding groove to the second positioning table 162, and in this process, the drainage groove 74 is gradually opened; in this process, the intercepting plate 19 continuously filters the initial rainwater and intercepts garbage and impurities to prevent them from entering the interception channel 9.

[0107] As the rain continues, the rainwater in the water storage part 73 accumulates, and the weight gradually exceeds the elastic force of the elastic member, driving the diversion plate 71 to rotate downward around the hinge point until the opening is completely closed, and in this process, the intercepting plate 19 also deforms adaptively as the diversion plate 71 rotates; after the opening is closed, the diversion plate 71 forms an overflow channel, and the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages flows directly into the river channel 1 along the overflow channel to supplement the ecological water volume; due to the large amount of rain and fast runoff velocity in the middle and late stages, the garbage intercepted and accumulated on the intercepting plate 19 is washed off the plate body and flows into the river channel 1 along with the main rainwater, and is intercepted by the shore collecting device 81.

[0108] When the main rainwater flows into the river, it will impact the first straw carbon-increasing assembly 20 near the shore, causing the first straw carbon-increasing assembly 20 to accelerate the release of carbon source; at the same time, the main rainwater flowing into the river will also form water body disturbance, causing the second straw carbon-increasing assembly 21 to also accelerate the release of carbon source; the two assemblies cooperate to supplement the carbon source for water body microorganisms and strengthen denitrification and nitrogen removal.

[0109] After the rainfall stops, the rainwater in the water storage part 73 is gradually discharged by natural evaporation, and the weight gradually decreases; when the weight of the water storage part 73 is less than the elastic force of the elastic member, the elastic force of the elastic member gradually overcomes the weight of the water storage part 73, drives the deflector plate 71 to gradually flip up and reset around the hinge point, until the flow rejection port is completely opened again; during the resetting of the deflector plate 71, the intercepting plate 19 is automatically reset; the cover plate 16 is manually pushed to reset to the first positioning table 18, and the drainage groove 74 is re-closed by magnetic attraction positioning; the garbage in the shore collecting device 81 is emptied, and the system returns to the initial state, waiting for the next rainfall cycle.

[0110] By setting the flexible intercepting plate 19 and the matching collecting device 81, in the early stage of rainfall, the amount of rainwater is small and the flow rate is slow, the flexible intercepting plate 19 can intercept garbage such as dry branches and fallen leaves, realize pre-interception, and reduce the garbage entering the intercepting channel 9 from the source, so that the intercepting channel 9 does not need to be cleaned frequently, and the maintenance workload is reduced; in the middle and late stages of rainfall, the amount of rainwater is large and the runoff flow rate is fast, and the water flow impact can wash the garbage intercepted by the intercepting plate 19 off the plate body, thereby realizing self-cleaning of the intercepting plate 19. The garbage washed down is washed to the river 1 by the main flow of rainwater, and is collected by the matching collecting device 81 at the riverbank, so as to avoid the garbage directly entering the water body of the river 1 and ensure that self-cleaning does not accompany secondary pollution.

[0111] During the non-rainfall period or in the early stage of rainfall, the water flow rate of the river 1 is gentle, and the carbon concentration in the first and second straw assemblies and the surrounding water body is easy to form a dynamic balance - the carbon concentration in the assemblies gradually decreases due to continuous release, and the carbon concentration in the surrounding water body slowly decreases due to microbial consumption, and the mass transfer driving force is weak; as the rainfall proceeds, the water flow impact or water body disturbance generated by the middle and late stage rainwater will cause the first and second straw assemblies to vibrate slightly, break the relative static state of the “straw-water body” in the assemblies, accelerate the exchange of the high-concentration carbon source water body in the assemblies and the low-concentration water body outside, and improve the mass transfer efficiency. The disturbed water flow can quickly penetrate into the inside of the assemblies through the overflow hole 2021 or the overflow hole, wash the degraded carbon source substances on the surface of the straw fragments, avoid the accumulation of carbon sources on the surface of the straw to form a concentration barrier, and further accelerate the release of carbon sources.

[0112] The application constructs a nearshore-farshore three-dimensional purification zone by setting the first straw carbon-increasing component 20, the ecological floating island and the second carbon-increasing component; in the nearshore area, the first straw carbon-increasing component 20 adopts the structural form of the second tire 201 and the cloth surface 202, the tire is filled with straw fragments inside, the nearshore area is impacted by rainwater into the river more strongly, and the water flow disturbance can accelerate the release of the carbon source of the straw fragments, timely supplement the carbon source required by the water body after the pollutants are brought in by the rainwater, and relieve the imbalance of high nitrogen and low carbon; in the farshore area, the second straw carbon-increasing component 21 hung below the ecological floating island makes the straw carbon source release at a slower and more uniform speed, meets the carbon source demand of the long-term denitrification and nitrogen removal of the farshore water body, can solve the low nitrogen removal efficiency caused by the lack of carbon in the river 1 water body, and avoids that the water quality cannot meet the standard for a long time.

[0113] Application effect:

[0114] The application innovatively integrates the initial rain interception technology and the straw carbon-increasing technology, realizes source pollution control through initial rain interception, blocks high-concentration pollutants into the river from the front end, relieves the water quality impact load, relies on the straw carbon-increasing to complete internal strengthening, supplements the carbon source for the denitrification and nitrogen removal of water microorganisms, and improves the nitrogen removal efficiency. The two technologies are combined to build a multi-technology integrated treatment system, and finally realize the core goal of efficient purification and long-term stable improvement of the water quality of the river 1.

[0115] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application, and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the application; for those skilled in the art, it should be realized that any equivalent replacement and obvious change made according to the content of the specification and drawings should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A river management method based on multi-technology collaboration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, an initial rain interception system is constructed on both sides of the river channel (1). This initial rain interception system can separate the initial rainwater from the middle and late rainwater. The initial rainwater is collected separately to prevent the initial rainwater from entering the river; the middle and late rainwater enters the river channel (1) to replenish the ecological water volume. The initial rain interception system in S1 includes a slope (2) located on the side of the river channel (1), a platform (5) is provided on the slope (2) along the horizontal direction, and an interception channel (9) is provided at the platform (5); a primary culvert (11) is buried inside the slope (2), the primary culvert (11) is located below the interception channel (9), and the interception channel (9) is connected to the primary culvert (11) through a vertical hole (10); The intercepting channel (9) is provided with a number of first tires (6) spaced along the length direction, and each first tire (6) is fixedly connected to a side plate (61) on both sides. A guide (7) is provided between two adjacent first tires (6). The guide (7) includes a guide plate (71) located above the intercepting channel (9). One end of the guide plate (71) is hinged to the wall of the intercepting channel (9) via a pivot. The guide plate (71) can rotate vertically around the hinge point. An elastic element is provided between the guide plate (71) and the intercepting channel (9) to reset the guide plate (71). A water storage part (73) for receiving rainwater is provided at the end of the guide plate (71) away from the hinge point. A diversion groove (74) is provided on the guide plate (71). The diversion groove (74) is connected to the water storage part (73). Rainwater enters the water storage part (73) through the diversion groove (74). A baffle (62) is provided on the side plate (61) to limit the upward tilt angle of the guide plate (71). The top surface of the guide plate (71) is also slidably connected to a cover plate (16) for opening and closing the diversion channel (74); one end of the cover plate (16) has a water collection trough (161); the guide plate (71) is provided with a first positioning platform (18) and a second positioning platform (162) for positioning the cover plate (16), wherein the first positioning platform (18) can be magnetically connected to the end of the cover plate (16); the end of the guide plate (71) away from the rotating shaft is provided with a flexible intercepting plate (19), the intercepting plate (19) is provided with a number of filter holes; the intercepting plate (19) blocks the opening; the bank of the river (1) is provided with a guardrail (8), and the bottom of the guardrail (8) is provided with a collection device (81) for intercepting and collecting garbage. S2, Install several first straw carbon-enhancing components (20) at intervals in the near-shore area of ​​the river (1) to supplement the carbon source for the denitrification of water microorganisms; S3, several ecological floating islands are set up in the far bank area of ​​the river (1). The ecological floating islands include island bodies, emergent plants are planted on the island bodies, and a second straw carbon-enhancing component (21) is fixed below the island bodies. The ecological floating islands, the initial rain interception system, and the first straw carbon-enhancing component (20) near the shore form a collaborative governance system.

2. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method of the initial rainwater interception system in S1 is as follows: S11, Conduct on-site surveys in the slope (2) area on both sides of the river channel (1), and determine the design parameters of the platform (5), intercepting channel (9), and primary culvert (11) based on the slope and height of the slope (2); S12, according to the location determined by the survey, an excavator was used to excavate along the slopes (2) on both sides of the river (1) to carry out concrete construction and build a first-level culvert (11) and an intercepting channel (9); the foundation pits around the first-level culvert (11) and the intercepting channel (9) were backfilled to restore the original topographic outline of the slope (2); S13, pre-treat the waste first tire (6); fix and install side plates (61) on both sides of each first tire (6). S14, the treated first tire (6) is placed into the intercepting channel (9) at the designed spacing and positioned and fixed. S15, install the pre-processed guide plate (71) and elastic element between adjacent first tires (6), manually flip the guide plate (71) after installation to test, and ensure that it can be flipped normally and that the elastic element can drive the guide plate (71) to rebound to the preset tilt angle.

3. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first straw carbonization component (20) in S2 includes a second tire (201), and the second tire (201) has fabric surfaces (202) on both sides; the fabric surfaces (202) on both sides are stitched together to seal the second tire (201); the interior of the second tire (201) is filled with straw fragments; the second tire (201) and / or the fabric surfaces (202) are provided with a plurality of flow holes (2021). The manufacturing method of the first straw carbon enhancement component (20) includes: S21, the second tire (201), fabric (202) and straw fragments are pretreated as required; S22, lay one piece of fabric (202) flat, place the second tire (201) on top of the fabric (202), and fill the second tire (201) with pre-treated straw fragments; cover the second tire (201) with another piece of fabric (202), and sew the upper and lower pieces of fabric (202) together using the overlock stitching method to seal the second tire (201); S23. After filling, check whether the fabric (202) is damaged due to filling, and ensure that no straw fragments are leaked out.

4. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second straw carbonization component (21) includes a cloth bag, which is also filled with straw fragments, and the surface of the cloth bag has several overflow holes.

5. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific methods in S1-S3 are as follows: The initial rain interception system described above was constructed on both sides of the river channel (1), and the flow guide (7) was debugged. When there is no rain, one end of the guide plate (71) is tilted up under the elastic force of the elastic element, and the cover plate (16) is magnetically positioned by the first positioning platform (18) to close the diversion groove (74); the interceptor plate (19) covers the opening, and the filter hole is in a smooth state; When rainfall begins, the initial rainwater flows along the slope (2) to the platform (5) and into the intercepting channel (9) through the opening. As rainfall continues, the weight of the rainwater collection trough (161) gradually increases after collecting rainwater. When the weight of the rainwater in the collection trough (161) reaches the detachment threshold of the magnetic positioning, the cover plate (16) overcomes the magnetic attraction of the first positioning platform (18) and slides along the chute towards the second positioning platform (162). During this process, the diversion channel (74) gradually opens. During this process, the interception plate (19) continuously filters the initial rainwater, traps garbage and impurities, and prevents them from entering the interception channel (9). As rainfall continues, rainwater accumulates in the water storage section (73), and its weight gradually exceeds the elastic force of the elastic element, driving the guide plate (71) to flip downward around the hinge point until the opening is completely closed. During this process, as the guide plate (71) flips, the intercepting plate (19) also deforms adaptively. After the opening is closed, the guide plate (71) forms a flow channel, and the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages flows directly into the river (1) along the flow channel to replenish the ecological water volume. Due to the large amount of rainfall and fast runoff velocity in the middle and late stages, the garbage intercepted and accumulated at the intercepting plate (19) is washed off the plate and carried by the mainstream rainwater to the river (1), where it is intercepted by the bank collection device (81). When the mainstream rainwater enters the river, it will impact the first straw carbonization component (20) in the near-shore area, causing the first straw carbonization component (20) to release carbon source faster; at the same time, the mainstream rainwater entering the river will also cause water disturbance, causing the second straw carbonization component (21) to release carbon source faster as well. After the rainfall stops, the rainwater in the water storage section (73) is gradually discharged through natural evaporation, and its weight decreases slowly. When the weight of the water storage section (73) is less than the elastic force of the elastic element, the elastic force of the elastic element gradually overcomes the weight of the water storage section (73), driving the guide plate (71) to gradually flip upward around the hinge point and reset until the diversion port is fully reopened. During the reset process of the guide plate (71), the interceptor plate (19) automatically resets. The cover plate (16) is manually pushed back to the first positioning platform (18), and the diversion channel (74) is closed again by magnetic positioning. The system returns to the initial state and waits for the next rainfall cycle.

6. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of straw fragments used for filling should be controlled to be 70% to 80% of the internal volume of the second tire.

7. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergent plants include, but are not limited to, reeds, calamus, cattails, water onions, and canna lilies.

8. The river management method based on multi-technology synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The island body adopts a PE floating frame, which has reserved planting holes and fixing holes. The planting holes are fitted with emergent plant planting bags; the second straw carbon enhancement component (21) is connected to the fixing holes of the PE floating frame through nylon rope.

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