Rake tooth structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a rake tooth structure and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of rake teeth, the rake tooth structure comprises a rake tooth main body, and the rake tooth main body is connected with an elastic module. The rake tooth body is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, and the high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel comprises but not limited to stainless steel and high manganese steel. The elastic module comprises but is not limited to any one or combination of more of a flexible rubber sleeve, a metal spring piece and a composite fiber material. The rake tooth main body is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel (excluding the limitation of stainless steel and high manganese steel), so that the corrosion resistance and the impact resistance are improved, the long-term stable work in a severe sludge drying environment is ensured, and the equipment loss and the maintenance frequency are reduced. The elastic module is embedded into the rake tooth body and elastically deforms under external force, impact energy is efficiently absorbed, damage of equipment operation vibration and impact to parts such as the rake teeth and a rotating shaft is reduced, and the service life of the whole equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rake teeth, and more particularly to a rake tooth structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the sludge drying process, the rake teeth, as the core component of the sludge drying equipment, undertake the key tasks of turning the sludge, promoting heat and mass transfer to achieve water evaporation.

[0003] During the sludge drying process, the rake teeth need to continuously turn the sludge, inevitably bearing the impact of sand particles and equipment vibration. Since the rake teeth are mostly rigid structures, lacking effective elastic buffering design, they are unable to absorb or release impact energy. Long-term impact not only accelerates the wear and cracking of the rake teeth themselves, but also transmits vibration to equipment components such as shafts, leading to a decrease in the overall operational stability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a rake tooth structure and its preparation method to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a rake tooth structure, comprising: The rake tooth body has an elastic module connected to it.

[0006] Preferably, the rake teeth body is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, including but not limited to stainless steel and high-manganese steel.

[0007] Preferably, an elastic module is embedded at the root or middle of the rake tooth body.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic module includes, but is not limited to, any one or more combinations of: flexible rubber sleeve, metal spring sheet, and composite fiber material; The flexible rubber sleeve is nested at the root of the rake teeth and can absorb the vibration caused by the impact of sand particles; Metal spring plates are fixed to both sides of the rake teeth, and the impact force is relieved by bending deformation; Composite fiber layer: laid on the surface of the rake teeth, combining elasticity and wear resistance.

[0009] Preferably, the rake arm is connected to several rake tooth structures, and the rake arm is installed on the rotating shaft of the sludge drying equipment.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a rake tooth structure, comprising: Step 1: Select suitable high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, cut it into the main blank of the rake tooth, and use vacuum annealing to eliminate stress and improve machinability; Step 2: Machining the main body of the rake teeth: Rough machining: The main body blank of the rake teeth is machined by CNC milling to mill out the basic outline and obtain the rough-machined rake teeth; The rough-machined rake teeth are quenched and tempered to improve hardness and wear resistance. After tempering, they are shot peened to strengthen surface stress. Finishing: The mating surfaces of the rake teeth are machined by CNC grinding to obtain the main body of the rake teeth; Step 3: Integrate the elastic module into the rake tooth body.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the flexible rubber sleeve includes: purchasing oil-resistant and wear-resistant rubber raw materials, preforming them by compression molding and vulcanization, and controlling the dimensional accuracy to ±0.1mm; The preparation method of metal spring sheets includes: selecting 65Mn spring steel, cold rolling to the target thickness, laser cutting into the designed shape, and then quenching + medium-temperature tempering to ensure elasticity and toughness; The preparation method of composite fiber materials includes: using a prepreg mixed with aramid fibers and ceramic particles, according to the layup design, and forming the composite fiber layer by autoclaving.

[0012] Preferably, an evaluation process is performed before stress relief using vacuum annealing, the evaluation process including: Step 11: After cutting, use an X-ray stress analyzer to scan the rake tooth body blank, obtain the surface and subsurface stress distribution cloud map of the rake tooth body blank, and extract key stress parameters, including: stress value range and stress concentration area ratio. The content of key elements in the main body blank of the rake tooth was detected by a spectrometer, and the content deviation of each key element was obtained. Step 12: Determine the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation and the second correction factor for stress release due to stress state based on Step 11; Step 13: Obtain the temperature-standard stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank under the standard annealing control parameters for each temperature range of the rake tooth body blank during vacuum annealing. Step 14: Correct the fitting curve of temperature-standard stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank according to the first correction coefficient of stress release by element deviation and the second correction coefficient of stress state, and obtain the fitting curve of temperature-predicted stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank. Step 15: Based on the temperature-predicted stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank, and combined with the minimum release rate requirement corresponding to the second correction coefficient of stress release under stress state, determine the annealing parameters that meet the requirements through a bisection search: annealing parameters include pre-heating temperature / time and annealing parameters main heating temperature / time. Step 16: Output a complete process card containing "pre-heating - main heating - compensation strategy" and import it into the vacuum annealing equipment.

[0013] Preferably, step 12 includes: Step 121: Based on the key element deviations detected by the spectrometer, calculate the first correction coefficient for stress release based on the correction model; Step 122: Determine the second correction factor for stress release based on the current key stress parameters.

[0014] Preferably, step 121 is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, is the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation; M is the total number of key elements in the rake tooth body blank. The content of the i-th key element in the rake tooth body blank is detected; for The corresponding baseline value; This is the correction factor for stress release due to the deviation of the i-th critical element; Step 122 is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, This is the second correction factor for stress release in relation to stress state; This represents the area ratio of the stress concentration zone and the sensitivity coefficient for stress concentration. This is the sum of the maximum and average values ​​of the detected stress range; The sensitivity coefficient is the value for the stress range. for The corresponding baseline value; for The corresponding baseline value.

[0015] Compared with the limitations of the technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the elastic module deforms, it automatically resets through the elastic restoring force of the material itself, thus avoiding structural failure caused by long-term displacement.

[0016] The rake teeth are made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel (eliminating the limitations of stainless steel and high-manganese steel), which improves corrosion resistance and impact resistance, ensuring long-term stable operation in the harsh environment of sludge drying, and reducing equipment wear and maintenance frequency.

[0017] The elastic module is embedded in the rake tooth body (root / middle). When subjected to external force, it elastically deforms, efficiently absorbing impact energy, reducing the damage to components such as rake teeth and shaft caused by equipment vibration and impact, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0018] The flexible modules include flexible rubber sleeves, metal spring sheets, composite fiber materials, etc., which can be flexibly selected according to different working conditions (such as sand impact strength and vibration frequency) to adapt to the diverse needs of sludge drying equipment and enhance the practicality of the solution.

[0019] The flexible rubber sleeve absorbs the impact vibration of sand particles, the metal spring sheet bends and deforms to buffer the impact force, and the composite fiber layer combines elasticity and wear resistance. The various materials work together to comprehensively improve the impact resistance and wear resistance of the rake teeth, ensuring the stability of sludge turning operations.

[0020] The rake teeth on the rake arm are evenly distributed and work independently. By adjusting the rotation speed of the shaft and the spacing between the rake teeth, the sludge turning effect is precisely optimized, which promotes the improvement of sludge drying efficiency, helps the equipment to operate efficiently, and ensures the stable progress of the sludge treatment process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the technology, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] This invention provides a rake tooth structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The rake tooth body has an elastic module connected to it.

[0025] Preferably, the rake teeth body is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, including but not limited to stainless steel and high-manganese steel, to ensure the corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the overall structure.

[0026] Preferably, an elastic module is embedded at the root or middle of the rake tooth body. The design of the elastic module enables it to undergo elastic deformation when subjected to a large external force, thereby effectively absorbing impact energy.

[0027] Preferably, the elastic module includes, but is not limited to, any one or more combinations of: flexible rubber sleeve, metal spring sheet, and composite fiber material.

[0028] Preferably, the flexible rubber sleeve is nested at the root of the rake teeth to absorb the vibration caused by the impact of sand particles; Metal spring plates are fixed to both sides of the rake teeth, and the impact force is relieved by bending deformation; Composite fiber layer: laid on the surface of the rake teeth, combining elasticity and wear resistance.

[0029] Preferably, several rake teeth are connected to the rake arm, which is mounted on the rotating shaft of the sludge drying equipment. Installing the rake teeth onto the rake arm, which in turn is mounted on the rotating shaft of the sludge drying equipment, ensures that each rake tooth is evenly distributed and operates independently. The sludge agitation effect is optimized by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft and the spacing between the rake teeth.

[0030] The present invention may also include a limiting device: a limiting block or a limiting groove is provided to prevent elastic deformation from exceeding the safe range.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: When the elastic module deforms, it automatically resets through the elastic restoring force of the material itself, thus avoiding structural failure caused by long-term displacement.

[0032] The rake teeth are made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel (eliminating the limitations of stainless steel and high-manganese steel), which improves corrosion resistance and impact resistance, ensuring long-term stable operation in the harsh environment of sludge drying, and reducing equipment wear and maintenance frequency.

[0033] The elastic module is embedded in the rake tooth body (root / middle). When subjected to external force, it elastically deforms, efficiently absorbing impact energy, reducing the damage to components such as rake teeth and shaft caused by equipment vibration and impact, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0034] The flexible modules include flexible rubber sleeves, metal spring sheets, composite fiber materials, etc., which can be flexibly selected according to different working conditions (such as sand impact strength and vibration frequency) to adapt to the diverse needs of sludge drying equipment and enhance the practicality of the solution.

[0035] The flexible rubber sleeve absorbs the impact vibration of sand particles, the metal spring sheet bends and deforms to buffer the impact force, and the composite fiber layer combines elasticity and wear resistance. The various materials work together to comprehensively improve the impact resistance and wear resistance of the rake teeth, ensuring the stability of sludge turning operations.

[0036] The rake teeth on the rake arm are evenly distributed and work independently. By adjusting the rotation speed of the shaft and the spacing between the rake teeth, the sludge turning effect is precisely optimized, which promotes the improvement of sludge drying efficiency, helps the equipment to operate efficiently, and ensures the stable progress of the sludge treatment process.

[0037] Example 2, based on Example 1, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a rake tooth structure, comprising: Step 1: Select suitable high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, cut it into the main blank of the rake tooth, and use vacuum annealing to eliminate stress and improve machinability; Step 2: Machining the main body of the rake teeth: Rough machining: The main body blank of the rake teeth is machined by CNC milling to mill out the basic outline and obtain the rough-machined rake teeth; The rough-machined rake teeth are quenched and tempered to improve hardness and wear resistance. After tempering, they are shot peened to strengthen surface stress. Finishing: The mating surfaces of the rake teeth are machined by CNC grinding to obtain the main body of the rake teeth; Step 3: Integrate the elastic module into the rake tooth body.

[0038] Preferably, the preparation method of the flexible rubber sleeve includes: purchasing oil-resistant and wear-resistant rubber raw materials, preforming them by compression molding and vulcanization, and controlling the dimensional accuracy to ±0.1mm; The preparation method of metal spring sheets includes: selecting 65Mn spring steel, cold rolling to the target thickness, laser cutting into the designed shape, and then quenching + medium-temperature tempering to ensure elasticity and toughness; The preparation method of composite fiber materials includes: using a prepreg mixed with aramid fibers and ceramic particles, according to the layup design, and forming the composite fiber layer by autoclaving.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: High-strength wear-resistant alloy steel is selected and vacuum annealed to eliminate stress and improve machinability. Quenching, tempering and shot peening treatments enhance hardness, wear resistance and surface stress, making the rake teeth body more wear-resistant and impact-resistant under harsh conditions of sludge drying, thus extending its service life.

[0040] CNC milling and grinding processes precisely control the contour and mating surface dimensions of the rake teeth, ensuring the structural accuracy of the rake teeth. This provides a stable foundation for subsequent integration of flexible modules and assembly with the rake arm, improving the overall reliability of the equipment.

[0041] The preparation process of flexible rubber sleeves, metal spring sheets, and composite fiber materials is clearly defined. Each elastic module is prefabricated and precisely integrated as needed. The flexible rubber sleeves absorb vibration, the metal spring sheets buffer impact, and the composite fiber layers are wear-resistant. Together with the rake teeth, they enhance the resistance to sand impact, reduce vibration and noise, and optimize the stability of sludge turning operations.

[0042] Example 3, based on Example 2, involves an evaluation process before stress relief using vacuum annealing. This evaluation process includes: Step 11: After cutting, use an X-ray stress analyzer to scan the rake tooth body blank, obtain the surface and subsurface stress distribution cloud map of the rake tooth body blank, and extract key stress parameters, including: stress value range and stress concentration area ratio. The content of key elements in the main body blank of the rake tooth was detected by a spectrometer, and the content deviation of each key element was obtained. Step 12: Determine the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation and the second correction factor for stress release due to stress state based on Step 11; Step 13: Obtain the temperature-standard stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank under the standard annealing control parameters for each temperature range of the rake tooth body blank during vacuum annealing. Step 14: Correct the fitting curve of temperature-standard stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank according to the first correction coefficient of stress release by element deviation and the second correction coefficient of stress state, and obtain the fitting curve of temperature-predicted stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank. Step 15: Based on the temperature-predicted stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank, and combined with the minimum release rate requirement corresponding to the second correction coefficient of stress release under stress state, determine the annealing parameters that meet the requirements through a bisection search: annealing parameters include pre-heating temperature / time and annealing parameters main heating temperature / time. Step 16: Output a complete process card containing "pre-heating - main heating - compensation strategy" and import it into the vacuum annealing equipment.

[0043] Preferably, step 12 includes: Step 121: Based on the key element deviations detected by the spectrometer, calculate the first correction coefficient for stress release based on the correction model; Step 122: Determine the second correction factor for stress release based on the current key stress parameters.

[0044] Preferably, step 121 is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, is the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation; M is the total number of key elements in the rake tooth body blank. The content of the i-th key element in the rake tooth body blank is detected; for The corresponding baseline value; The correction coefficient for the stress release due to the deviation of the i-th key element is obtained by fitting the stress release rate after testing the change in stress release rate after vacuum annealing by setting different element content deviations in thermal simulation experiments. Step 122 is calculated based on the following formula: ; in, This is the second correction factor for stress release in relation to stress state; This represents the area ratio of the stress concentration zone and the sensitivity coefficient for stress concentration. This is the sum of the maximum and average values ​​of the detected stress range; The sensitivity coefficient is the value for the stress range. for The corresponding baseline value; for The corresponding baseline value.

[0045] Multivariate regression analysis was used to conduct vacuum annealing tests on blanks with different stress concentration zone area ratios and stress ranges, and the sensitivity coefficients were obtained by fitting. The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: By constructing a dual correction coefficient model of "element deviation + stress state", we can overcome the limitations of traditional vacuum annealing's "empirical" approach and achieve accurate prediction and control of stress release rate.

[0046] For example, the element deviation correction coefficient quantifies the impact of alloy composition fluctuations (such as Cr and Mo content deviations) on the annealing effect, and the stress state correction coefficient adapts to the initial stress concentration of the blank (such as the area of ​​the stress zone and the stress range), thereby improving the uniformity of residual stress after vacuum annealing by 30%-50%, and providing a more stable mechanical basis for subsequent processing of the rake tooth body (such as elastic module integration).

[0047] Based on the corrected "temperature-predicted stress release rate curve", combined with the bisection method to search for the optimal annealing parameters, it can adapt to the compositional differences of different batches of alloy steel (such as Cr content fluctuation of ±0.2%) and the stress state of the blank (slight / medium / heavy concentration), solve the pain point of "performance fluctuation caused by batch difference" in traditional processes, and improve the wear resistance of the rake tooth structure in sludge drying scenarios by 20%-40%.

[0048] The quality closed loop is controllable, forming a complete quality closed loop from "initial stress detection (X-ray) → curve correction (element + stress) → process output (pre-insulation + main insulation) → equipment introduction". Through small-batch verification and iterative optimization, the process stability is guaranteed.

[0049] For example, the "complete process card" output in step 16 can be directly imported into the vacuum annealing equipment to achieve automated and standardized production and reduce quality fluctuations caused by human intervention.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rake tooth structure, characterized in that, include: The rake tooth body has an elastic module connected to it.

2. The rake tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rake teeth are made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, including but not limited to stainless steel and high-manganese steel.

3. The rake tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic module is embedded at the root or middle of the rake tooth body.

4. The rake tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic module includes, but is not limited to, any one or more combinations of: flexible rubber sleeve, metal spring sheet, and composite fiber material; The flexible rubber sleeve is nested at the root of the rake teeth and can absorb the vibration caused by the impact of sand particles; Metal spring plates are fixed to both sides of the rake teeth, and the impact force is relieved by bending deformation; Composite fiber layer: laid on the surface of the rake teeth, combining elasticity and wear resistance.

5. The rake tooth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several rake teeth are connected to the rake arm, which is mounted on the rotating shaft of the sludge drying equipment.

6. A method for preparing a rake tooth structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Select suitable high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, cut it into the main blank of the rake tooth, and use vacuum annealing to eliminate stress and improve machinability; Step 2: Machining the main body of the rake teeth: Rough machining: The main body blank of the rake teeth is machined by CNC milling to mill out the basic outline and obtain the rough-machined rake teeth; The rough-machined rake teeth are quenched and tempered to improve hardness and wear resistance. After tempering, they are shot peened to strengthen surface stress. Finishing: The mating surfaces of the rake teeth are machined by CNC grinding to obtain the main body of the rake teeth; Step 3: Integrate the elastic module into the rake tooth body.

7. The method for preparing a rake tooth structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method of flexible rubber sleeve includes: purchasing oil-resistant and wear-resistant rubber raw materials, preforming them by compression molding and vulcanization, and controlling the dimensional accuracy to ±0.1mm; The preparation method of metal spring sheets includes: selecting 65Mn spring steel, cold rolling to the target thickness, laser cutting into the designed shape, and then quenching + medium-temperature tempering to ensure elasticity and toughness; The preparation method of composite fiber materials includes: using a prepreg mixed with aramid fibers and ceramic particles, according to the layup design, and forming the composite fiber layer by autoclaving.

8. The method for preparing a rake tooth structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, An evaluation process is performed before using vacuum annealing to relieve stress. The evaluation process includes: Step 11: After cutting, use an X-ray stress analyzer to scan the rake tooth body blank, obtain the surface and subsurface stress distribution cloud map of the rake tooth body blank, and extract key stress parameters, including: stress value range and stress concentration area ratio. The content of key elements in the main body blank of the rake tooth was detected by a spectrometer, and the content deviation of each key element was obtained. Step 12: Determine the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation and the second correction factor for stress release due to stress state based on Step 11; Step 13: Obtain the temperature-standard stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank under the standard annealing control parameters for each temperature range of the rake tooth body blank during vacuum annealing. Step 14: Correct the fitting curve of temperature-standard stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank according to the first correction coefficient of stress release by element deviation and the second correction coefficient of stress state, and obtain the fitting curve of temperature-predicted stress release rate of the rake tooth body blank. Step 15: Based on the temperature-predicted stress release rate fitting curve of the rake tooth body blank, and combined with the minimum release rate requirement corresponding to the second correction coefficient of stress release under stress state, determine the annealing parameters that meet the requirements through a bisection search: annealing parameters include pre-heating temperature / time and annealing parameters main heating temperature / time. Step 16: Output a complete process card containing "pre-heating - main heating - compensation strategy" and import it into the vacuum annealing equipment.

9. The method for preparing a rake tooth structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 12 includes: Step 121: Based on the key element deviations detected by the spectrometer, calculate the first correction coefficient for stress release based on the correction model; Step 122: Determine the second correction factor for stress release based on the current key stress parameters.

10. A method for preparing a rake tooth structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step 121 is calculated based on the following formula: ； in, is the first correction factor for stress release due to element deviation; M is the total number of key elements in the rake tooth body blank. The content of the i-th key element in the rake tooth body blank is detected; for The corresponding baseline value; This is the correction factor for stress release due to the deviation of the i-th critical element; Step 122 is calculated based on the following formula: ； in, This is the second correction factor for stress release in relation to stress state; This represents the area ratio of the stress concentration zone and the sensitivity coefficient for stress concentration. This is the sum of the maximum and average values ​​of the detected stress range; The sensitivity coefficient is the value for the stress range. for The corresponding baseline value; for The corresponding baseline value.

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