Magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrated with resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrated with a resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure, which comprises a tank body and a control cabinet integrated on the outer side wall of the tank body, a plurality of electrode plates are arranged in the tank body, and the electrode plates are electrically connected with a power supply cabinet on the side wall of the tank body through tabs on the electrode plates. The inner space of the tank body is divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage spaces by the plurality of electrode plates, magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials containing magnetic alloy metal and carbon materials are added into the hydrogen storage spaces through material adding ports formed in the outer side wall of the tank body, a temperature sensor is arranged in each hydrogen storage space, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the tank body; a hydrogen inlet / outlet is formed in the top end of the tank body; a communicating hole for communicating two adjacent hydrogen storage spaces is formed in the center of the electrode plate. Through the synergistic effect of an electric field and a magnetic field, the thermal management performance of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material is effectively improved, the hydrogen desorption cold start time is shortened, the thermal effect influence in the hydrogen charging and desorption process is reduced, stress concentration caused by volume expansion is relieved, and the hydrogen storage and release performance of the magnesium-based material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage technology, and more specifically to magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tanks with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structures. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hydrogen energy, as a zero-carbon and highly efficient secondary energy source, has become a strategic direction for global energy transition. However, the safety and efficiency bottlenecks of hydrogen storage technology severely restrict its large-scale application. Among the existing mainstream hydrogen storage technologies, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage suffers from low hydrogen storage density and high safety risks; cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage faces challenges such as high liquefaction energy consumption and poor storage stability. Solid-state hydrogen storage technology, with its advantages of high hydrogen storage density (volume density > 100 g / L), low-pressure operation, superior safety, and high hydrogen purity, has become the core development direction of future hydrogen storage technology. Among them, magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials show great potential due to their high hydrogen storage capacity of 7.6 wt%, low cost, and high safety.

[0003] However, magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials have several technical shortcomings that urgently need to be addressed: First, the hydrogen release temperature needs to be higher than 300℃, resulting in a long cold start time; second, the hydrogen charging and discharging process is accompanied by significant thermal effects and a volume expansion of 26%-28%, specifically manifested as: poor thermal conductivity of the material, high energy consumption, large heat loss, and limited lifespan of heating elements in traditional electric heating methods; reliance on bulky control cabinets for thermal management of hydrogen storage tanks, which significantly reduces the system's hydrogen storage capacity; and the lack of effective protection measures for stress concentration caused by volume expansion in existing devices; at the same time, research on the dynamic hydrogen release mechanism under the coordinated regulation of resistive heating and magnetic fields is still lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrating resistance heating and an electromagnetically coupled magnetic field structure. This tank is based on a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage technology solution optimized by thermo-magnetic multi-physics fields. Specifically, this solution uses an external electric field to excite the resistive heating effect of the material, thereby driving the hydrogen release process through a temperature field. Simultaneously, it utilizes a current-induced electromagnetic coupling field to regulate the hydrogen storage / release kinetics, constructing a thermo-magnetic multi-physics field synergistic optimization mechanism. This mechanism, through the synergistic effect of the electric and magnetic fields, effectively improves the thermal management performance of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials, shortens the cold start time for hydrogen release, reduces the thermal effects during hydrogen charging and discharging, and alleviates the stress concentration problem caused by volume expansion, thus significantly improving the hydrogen storage and release performance of magnesium-based materials.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrating resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure includes: a tank body and a control cabinet integrated on the outer wall of the tank body. The tank body has multiple spaced electrode plates, which are electrically connected to a power supply cabinet on the side wall of the tank body via tabs. The multiple electrode plates divide the internal space of the tank body into multiple hydrogen storage spaces. Magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material containing magnetic alloy metal and carbon material is added to each hydrogen storage space through a filling port located on the outer wall of the tank body. Each hydrogen storage space is equipped with a temperature sensor. A pressure sensor is located at the top of the tank body. The power supply cabinet, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the control cabinet. The top of the tank body has a hydrogen inlet and outlet. A connecting hole for connecting two adjacent hydrogen storage spaces is located at the center of each electrode plate.

[0007] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this invention discloses a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrating resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure. A magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material, a uniform mixture of MgH2 or magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage alloy, carbon material, and a magnetic solid hydrogen storage alloy, is filled into the hydrogen storage space through the filling port. After the electrode tabs are connected to the power supply, the current is transmitted to the electrode plates through the electrode tabs via the control cabinet. After power is applied, the electrode plates act as resistors, directly heating the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material. Because the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material contains carbon material, it has a certain degree of conductivity. When current flows through the electrode plates, the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material itself also acts as a resistor, causing self-heating. This significantly shortens the heating time of the solid hydrogen storage material, allowing it to rapidly release hydrogen. The hydrogen collects at the top of the tank through the connecting holes on the electrode plates and is finally discharged through the hydrogen inlet and outlet for use. In addition to controlling power supply, the control cabinet can also monitor the temperature of each hydrogen storage space using temperature sensors and the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage tank using pressure sensors. Furthermore, the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the electrode plates can enhance the hydrogen release effect of the magnetic solid hydrogen storage alloy, accelerate its hydrogen release kinetics, significantly shorten the cold start time of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials, reduce the hydrogen release temperature requirement, improve the high energy consumption problem caused by poor thermal conductivity, reduce heat loss, and extend the life of the heating element. In addition, the soft texture of carbon materials can alleviate the stress of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials and avoid stress concentration.

[0008] Furthermore, the electrode plate is composed of multiple ring-shaped equipotential bodies that are sequentially nested and fixed.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the equipotential body on the electrode plate is a ring structure, which makes the potential on each ring equal, thereby ensuring uniform current, realizing the uniformity of heat generation through conduction, and improving the uniformity of heating of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the tank body has an insulating interlayer.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: improving the heat insulation performance of the tank and avoiding heat loss that would increase energy consumption.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the tank is made of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material, and the outer surface is coated with an insulating coating. The inner wall of the tank is made of an insulating high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: it can improve the structural stability and electrical safety of hydrogen storage tanks.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrogen inlet and outlet are equipped with filters to prevent the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material from being carried away by the hydrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode plate structure. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] This invention discloses a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrating resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure, comprising: a tank 1 supported by a support frame, a control cabinet 2 integrated on the outer wall of the tank 1, multiple spaced electrode plates 3 arranged inside the tank 1, the electrode plates 3 being electrically connected to a power cabinet 7 on the side wall of the tank 1 via tabs 4, the multiple electrode plates 3 dividing the internal space of the tank 1 into multiple hydrogen storage spaces 101, the hydrogen storage spaces 101 being filled with magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material containing magnetic alloy metal (the main components of the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material are magnesium hydride or magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, magnetic alloy metal, and carbon material) through a filling port 102 provided on the outer wall of the tank 1, each hydrogen storage space 101 being provided with a temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 6 being provided at the top inside the tank 1, the power cabinet 7, temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6 being electrically connected to the control cabinet 2, a hydrogen inlet and outlet 103 being provided at the top of the tank 1, and a connecting hole 31 for connecting two adjacent hydrogen storage spaces 101 being provided at the center of the electrode plates 3. The control cabinet controls the power supply and monitors the voltage. It can also monitor changes in temperature and pressure inside the tank through pressure and temperature sensors.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electrode plate 3 is composed of an equipotential body 32 with multiple rings that are sequentially nested and fixed.

[0024] In some embodiments, the tank 1 has an insulating interlayer 104.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the tank 1 is made of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material, and the outer surface is coated with an insulating coating. The inner wall of the tank 1 is made of an insulating high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hydrogen inlet / outlet 103 is provided with a filter to prevent the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material from being carried out by the hydrogen.

[0027] The advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. Through the thermo-magnetic multi-physics field synergistic optimization mechanism, the applied current excites the resistive heating effect of the hydrogen storage material, driving the hydrogen storage material to heat up and release hydrogen. The current-induced electromagnetic coupling field can effectively improve the hydrogen release behavior, significantly shorten the cold start time of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, reduce the hydrogen release temperature requirement, improve the high energy consumption problem caused by poor thermal conductivity, reduce heat loss, and extend the life of the heating element.

[0029] 2. By miniaturizing the control cabinet and integrating it into the side of the hydrogen storage tank, a lightweight structural redesign is achieved compared to traditional hydrogen storage systems. This innovation effectively avoids the adverse effects of traditional bulky control cabinets on the overall system weight. By reducing unnecessary structural weight, the ratio of system weight to hydrogen storage capacity is optimized, significantly increasing the hydrogen storage capacity per unit volume or unit mass. Simultaneously, the tight integration of the control cabinet and the hydrogen storage tank enhances the synergistic effect of the thermal management system, promoting improved heat transfer and regulation efficiency, and providing dual structural and functional guarantees for the efficient operation of the hydrogen storage system.

[0030] 3. Enhanced structural stability and safety: The tank body is made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material and is equipped with an insulating coating, which can alleviate the stress concentration problem caused by volume expansion during hydrogen filling and discharging, and improve the structural stability and electrical safety of the hydrogen storage system; the hydrogen inlet and outlet are combined with filters to prevent hydrogen storage materials from being carried out, ensuring the safe operation of the system.

[0031] 4. Synergistic Innovation in Materials and Structures: Composition optimization of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials (magnesium hydride, magnetic hydrogen storage alloys, carbon materials), combined with resistive design of equipotential electrode plate structure and tab connection method, to achieve efficient synergy between material performance and system structure, providing an innovative path for the integration of efficient thermal management, high hydrogen storage capacity and stress relief function in solid hydrogen storage systems.

[0032] 5. Intelligent monitoring and precise control: The control cabinet integrates power control and voltage monitoring functions, and combines pressure and temperature sensors to monitor changes in internal temperature and pressure of the tank in real time, so as to realize intelligent monitoring and precise control of the hydrogen storage system operation status and ensure stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0033] 6. Modular hydrogen release is possible. Hydrogen can be released from a single hydrogen storage unit through the control cabinet, achieving the goal of releasing hydrogen as needed.

[0034] 7. The tank can be filled with hydrogen and activated under pressure: external hydrogen can be stored in the tank through the hydrogen inlet and outlet, thus realizing the storage of hydrogen.

[0035] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank integrating resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure, characterized in that, include: The tank (1) includes a control cabinet (2) integrated on the outer wall of the tank (1). Multiple spaced electrode plates (3) are arranged inside the tank (1). The electrode plates (3) are electrically connected to a power cabinet (7) on the side wall of the tank (1) via tabs (4). The multiple electrode plates (3) divide the internal space of the tank (1) into multiple hydrogen storage spaces (101). Each hydrogen storage space (101) is filled with a magnetically charged compound through a filling port (102) located on the outer wall of the tank (1). The magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material is made of gold and carbon. Each hydrogen storage space (101) is equipped with a temperature sensor (5). The top of the tank (1) is equipped with a pressure sensor (6). The power cabinet (7), the temperature sensor (5) and the pressure sensor (6) are all electrically connected to the control cabinet (2). The top of the tank (1) is equipped with a hydrogen inlet and outlet (103). The center of the electrode plate (3) is equipped with a connecting hole (31) for connecting two adjacent hydrogen storage spaces (101).

2. The magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode plate (3) is composed of multiple ring-shaped equipotential bodies (32) that are sequentially nested and fixed.

3. The magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank (1) has an insulation layer (104).

4. The magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the tank (1) is made of high temperature and high pressure resistant material, and the outer surface is coated with an insulating coating. The inner wall of the tank (1) is made of insulating high temperature and high pressure resistant material.

5. The magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage tank with integrated resistance heating and electromagnetic coupling magnetic field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet (103) is equipped with a filter to prevent the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material from being carried out by the hydrogen.

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