Cold chain Internet of Things terminal equipment and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cold-chain logistics, and discloses a cold-chain Internet of Things terminal device and system, and the device comprises a host housing, the interior of the host housing is fixedly provided with a data collection module, a local storage module, a communication module and a power management module, and the front end surface of the host housing is provided with an LCD display screen and a physical key group. A charging interface, a main temperature and humidity probe interface and a standby temperature and humidity probe interface are formed in the outer side of the host shell, and a state indicator lamp is arranged at the top of the exterior of the host shell; the data acquisition module is electrically connected with the main temperature and humidity probe interface and the standby temperature and humidity probe interface, and the input end of the data acquisition module is further provided with a position information acquisition unit and a battery electric quantity acquisition unit. The system realizes temperature and humidity multi-source acquisition, data multi-channel transmission and dual storage, transportation state monitoring and multimode early warning, has a local interaction function, and improves reliability and convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold chain logistics technology, specifically to cold chain Internet of Things (IoT) terminal equipment and systems. Background Technology

[0002] Cold chain IoT terminal equipment and systems are applied in the field of cold chain logistics. They are mainly used to collect, transmit, store and monitor key information such as the temperature and humidity of goods and transportation status during the cold chain transportation process, so as to ensure the quality and safety of cold chain goods throughout the transportation process. They are an important part of realizing intelligent management of cold chain logistics and are widely applicable to cold chain scenarios for goods such as food and medicine that have strict requirements for storage and transportation environment.

[0003] In existing technologies, cold chain IoT terminal devices often use a single temperature and humidity probe for data collection. Once the probe malfunctions, it will directly lead to the interruption of temperature and humidity data collection, resulting in the loss of critical data and affecting the accurate judgment of the environmental condition of goods. At the same time, most devices rely on only a single type of communication unit to achieve data transmission. When the network coverage is insufficient, data cannot be uploaded in a timely manner, making it difficult to guarantee communication stability. Furthermore, some devices lack an effective local data storage mechanism when the network is interrupted, further exacerbating the risk of data loss. Furthermore, as in CN102005020A, "A Monitoring Method for Cold Chain Transportation of Medical Drugs Based on the Internet of Things," although temperature acquisition is achieved through active RFID tags, crosstalk between vehicle signal frequency bands can easily lead to the inability of the background data to accurately correspond with the transportation unit, resulting in confusion of monitoring data. Such solutions based on a single RFID technology have insufficient data reliability in multi-node concurrent scenarios, making it difficult to meet the traceability needs of high-precision cold chains such as pharmaceuticals. These problems all have an adverse impact on the safety management of cold chain logistics. Therefore, a cold chain IoT terminal device and system are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a cold chain Internet of Things terminal device and system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cold chain IoT terminal device, comprising: The main unit casing contains a data acquisition module, a local storage module, a communication module, and a power management module. The front face of the main unit casing has an LCD display screen and a physical button group. The outer side of the main unit casing has a charging interface, a main temperature and humidity probe interface, and a backup temperature and humidity probe interface. The top of the outer side of the main unit casing has a status indicator light. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the main temperature and humidity probe interface and the backup temperature and humidity probe interface respectively. The input end of the data acquisition module is also equipped with a location information acquisition unit and a battery power acquisition unit. The location information acquisition unit is equipped with a standard mobile phone card from an operator, and the standard mobile phone card from an operator supports hot-swapping. The local storage module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and is used to store temperature, humidity, location information and battery power data acquired by the data acquisition module. The communication module includes a 4G communication unit and an NB-IoT communication unit. The communication module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and the local storage module respectively to realize data transmission. The main unit housing contains a rechargeable lithium battery. The power management module is electrically connected to the rechargeable lithium battery and the charging interface. The power management module is also electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the local storage module, the communication module, the LCD display, the physical button group, and the status indicator lights for power supply. An acceleration sensor is also installed inside the main unit casing; The main unit casing is also equipped with a touch screen; The main unit casing is also equipped with a voice prompt module; The main unit casing adopts an integrated sealed structure, the charging interface is equipped with a silicone waterproof plug, and the main temperature and humidity probe interface and the backup temperature and humidity probe interface both adopt gold-plated waterproof connectors. The protection level of the main unit casing reaches IP67. Among them, the primary and backup temperature and humidity probe interfaces improve the reliability of temperature and humidity acquisition, avoiding the impact of single probe failure on data acquisition; the combination of 4G and NB-IoT communication units can adapt to different network environments and ensure stable data transmission; the local storage module can retain data when the network is interrupted, and work with the communication module to achieve secure data upload; the accelerometer can monitor the device's motion status, helping to understand the cargo transportation situation; the touch screen and physical button group improve the ease of operation; the voice prompt module and status indicator lights can provide multi-dimensional prompts for abnormalities, ensuring timely warnings; the rechargeable lithium battery and power management module work together to enhance the device's battery life and portability, adapting to the mobile needs of cold chain scenarios.

[0006] Preferably, the voice prompt module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the touch screen is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the accelerometer is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and the power management module, and the physical button group includes a power button, a start button, a view button and an end button, and the physical button group is electrically connected to the data acquisition module; The voice prompt module, touch screen, and accelerometer are connected to the corresponding pins of the data acquisition module and power management module via wires to achieve data transmission and power supply. The wire specifications are selected according to the module parameters, and the connection is soldered to ensure stability. Each button in the physical button group is connected to the corresponding interface of the data acquisition module via wires.

[0007] The cold chain IoT system, based on the aforementioned cold chain IoT terminal equipment, includes: Cloud server, Bluetooth peer device, PC client, and Bluetooth printer; The 4G communication unit in the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device establishes a wireless communication connection with the cloud server. The communication module includes a Bluetooth 5.0 unit, which establishes wireless communication connections with the Bluetooth peer device, the PC client, and the Bluetooth printer, respectively. The cloud server includes a remote configuration module, a data receiving and analysis module, an early warning module, and a configuration log storage module; The local storage module of the cold chain IoT terminal device and the data receiving and analysis module of the cloud server achieve data interaction through the 4G communication unit of the communication module; The remote configuration module of the cloud server and the data acquisition module of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with each other through the 4G communication unit of the communication module to realize configuration command interaction. The early warning module of the cloud server and the voice prompt module and status indicator of the cold chain IoT terminal device achieve early warning signal interaction through the 4G communication unit of the communication module; The configuration log storage module of the cloud server and the local storage module of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with each other through the 4G communication unit of the communication module. The Bluetooth peer device and PC client enable Bluetooth and search for nearby devices. The cold chain IoT terminal device enters discoverable mode. Both parties select the corresponding device name to pair, enter the preset password or complete the pairing through automatic verification, and establish a stable wireless communication connection.

[0008] Preferably, the remote configuration module of the cloud server includes a batch parameter synchronization unit and a configuration instruction encryption unit. The batch parameter synchronization unit is used to simultaneously send collection interval parameters, alarm threshold parameters, and communication mode switching condition parameters to multiple cold chain IoT terminal devices. The configuration instruction encryption unit is used to encrypt the configuration instructions generated by the batch parameter synchronization unit. The encrypted configuration instructions are transmitted to the data acquisition module of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit of the communication module. The configuration instruction encryption unit uses the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm to encrypt the configuration instructions generated by the batch parameter synchronization unit. During the encryption process, a pre-set key is used to perform multiple rounds of byte substitution, row shifting, column obfuscation, and round key addition on the configuration instructions to ensure the security and integrity of the configuration instructions during transmission and prevent them from being illegally stolen or tampered with.

[0009] Preferably, the data acquisition module of the cold chain IoT terminal device is equipped with an instruction verification unit. The instruction verification unit is used to receive the encrypted configuration instruction transmitted by the configuration instruction encryption unit, decrypt the encrypted configuration instruction and verify the integrity of the instruction. After the verification is successful, the parameter adjustment operation corresponding to the configuration instruction is executed, and a configuration effective feedback signal is generated. The configuration effective feedback signal is transmitted to the remote configuration module of the cloud server through the 4G communication unit of the communication module. The instruction verification unit can use the AES encryption algorithm to decrypt the encrypted configuration instruction, and verify the integrity of the instruction by calculating the hash value of the instruction and comparing it with the preset value; if the hash values ​​match, the parameter adjustment operation is performed and a configuration effective feedback signal is generated.

[0010] Preferably, the data receiving and analysis module of the cloud server includes a historical data storage unit and a trend analysis unit. The historical data storage unit is used to receive temperature data, humidity data, location information data and battery power data for the past three months uploaded by the local storage module of the cold chain IoT terminal device, and to classify and store the received data. The trend analysis unit is used to call the temperature data stored in the historical data storage unit, and use a linear regression algorithm to calculate and analyze the changing trend of the temperature data to obtain temperature fluctuation trend data. The trend analysis unit first obtains temperature data from the historical data storage unit, arranges it according to time series, determines the independent variable (time) and dependent variable (temperature), fits a linear regression equation using the least squares method, and analyzes the temperature data change trend based on parameters such as the slope and intercept of the equation to obtain temperature fluctuation trend data.

[0011] Preferably, the early warning module of the cloud server includes a threshold judgment unit and an early warning signal generation unit. The threshold judgment unit is used to receive temperature fluctuation trend data output by the trend analysis unit. When the temperature fluctuation trend data shows that the temperature fluctuation amplitude exceeds a set value within a specified time, the threshold judgment unit sends a trigger signal to the early warning signal generation unit. After receiving the trigger signal, the early warning signal generation unit generates an early warning signal. The early warning signal is transmitted to the voice prompt module and status indicator of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit of the communication module. Based on the characteristics, storage requirements, and historical data of cold chain goods, professionals can flexibly set the parameters through the relevant operation interface of a PC client or cloud server, and store the set parameters in a specific storage area of ​​the cloud server for the threshold judgment unit to access.

[0012] Preferably, the Bluetooth peer device establishes a pairing connection with the Bluetooth 5.0 unit in the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device via the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The Bluetooth peer device is used to receive real-time temperature data, real-time humidity data, real-time location information data, and real-time battery power data transmitted by the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device. The Bluetooth peer device is equipped with a display unit, which is used to display the received real-time data. The Bluetooth peer device enables Bluetooth, searches for Bluetooth 5.0 signals emitted by cold chain IoT terminal devices, selects the corresponding device from the search list, enters the preset pairing password or completes pairing through automatic verification. After successful pairing, a stable connection is established, and it can automatically reconnect later.

[0013] Preferably, the PC client establishes a connection with the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device via a 4G network or Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The PC client is equipped with a data export unit and a device status viewing unit. The data export unit is used to export the data uploaded by the cold chain IoT terminal device into a table file. The device status viewing unit is used to receive the working status data transmitted by the cold chain IoT terminal device. The working status data includes the collection interval status, communication mode status, battery power status, and alarm status. The specific format settings (such as CSV, Excel, etc.) of the data export unit of the PC client when exporting table files and the real-time guarantee mechanism for the device status viewing unit to receive working status data (such as using timed polling or event-driven methods) are already implicit in the existing description or can be achieved through conventional technical means.

[0014] Preferably, the Bluetooth printer pairs with the Bluetooth 5.0 unit in the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device via the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The Bluetooth printer is used to receive the collected data and alarm data transmitted by the communication module of the cold chain IoT terminal device, and to print the collected data and alarm data on paper. The LCD display screen of the cold chain IoT terminal device is used to display printing prompts during the Bluetooth printer printing process and to display a printing success prompt after the Bluetooth printer finishes printing.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a cold chain IoT terminal device and system, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves multi-source acquisition and backup of temperature and humidity data through a primary and backup temperature and humidity probe interface, which improves the reliability of data acquisition and solves the problem of data loss caused by the failure of a single probe. Through 4G and NB-IoT communication units, it enables multi-channel data transmission, ensuring communication stability and solving the problem of insufficient coverage by a single network. Through data interaction between a local storage module and a cloud server, it achieves dual local and remote data storage, preventing data loss and solving the problem of data preservation during network interruptions. Through an accelerometer, it enables transportation status monitoring, providing insights into cargo dynamics and solving the problem of unknown status during transportation. Through the linkage of a voice prompt module, status indicator lights, and a cloud-based early warning module, it achieves multi-mode early warning, providing timely alerts for anomalies and solving the problem of delayed warnings. Through Bluetooth 5.0 unit, it connects to external devices for local data interaction, facilitating on-site operation and solving the problem of inconvenient on-site data processing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main unit casing of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main unit casing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition module system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the communication module system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cold chain Internet of Things system structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Main unit casing; 2. Data acquisition module; 3. Local storage module; 4. Communication module; 5. Power management module; 6. LCD display; 7. Physical button group; 8. Charging interface; 9. Main temperature and humidity probe interface; 10. Backup temperature and humidity probe interface; 11. Status indicator light; 12. Location information acquisition unit; 13. Battery power acquisition unit; 14. 4G communication unit; 15. NB-IoT communication unit; 16. Rechargeable lithium battery; 17. Accelerometer; 18. Touch screen; 19. Voice prompt module; 20. Cloud. 21. Server; 22. Bluetooth peer device; 23. PC client; 24. Bluetooth printer; 25. Bluetooth 5.0 unit; 26. Remote configuration module; 27. Data receiving and analysis module; 28. Early warning module; 29. ​​Configuration log storage module; 30. Batch parameter synchronization unit; 31. Configuration command encryption unit; 32. Command verification unit; 33. Historical data storage unit; 34. Trend analysis unit; 35. Threshold judgment unit; 36. Early warning signal generation unit; 37. Display unit; 38. Data export unit; 39. Device status viewing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention provides a technical solution: a cold chain IoT terminal device. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,include: The main unit casing 1 has a data acquisition module 2, a local storage module 3, a communication module 4 and a power management module 5 fixedly installed inside it. The front face of the main unit casing 1 has an LCD display screen 6 and a physical button group 7. The outside of the main unit casing 1 has a charging interface 8, a main temperature and humidity probe interface 9 and a backup temperature and humidity probe interface 10. The top of the outside of the main unit casing 1 has a status indicator light 11. The data acquisition module 2 is electrically connected to the main temperature and humidity probe interface 9 and the backup temperature and humidity probe interface 10 respectively. The input end of the data acquisition module 2 is also equipped with a location information acquisition unit 12 and a battery power acquisition unit 13. The location information acquisition unit 12 is equipped with a standard mobile phone card from an operator, and the standard mobile phone card from an operator supports hot-swapping. Local storage module 3 is electrically connected to data acquisition module 2 and is used to store temperature, humidity, location information and battery power data acquired by data acquisition module 2. Communication module 4 includes a 4G communication unit 14 and an NB-IoT communication unit 15. Communication module 4 is electrically connected to data acquisition module 2 and local storage module 3 respectively to realize data transmission. The main unit casing 1 houses a rechargeable lithium battery 16. The power management module 5 is electrically connected to the rechargeable lithium battery 16 and the charging interface 8. The power management module 5 is also electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2, the local storage module 3, the communication module 4, the LCD display 6, the physical button group 7, and the status indicator light 11 for power supply. An acceleration sensor 17 is also installed inside the main unit casing 1; A touch screen 18 is also provided on the outside of the main unit casing 1; The main unit casing 1 also has a voice prompt module 19 inside; The main unit casing 1 adopts an integrated sealed structure, the charging interface 8 is equipped with a silicone waterproof plug, and the main temperature and humidity probe interface 9 and the backup temperature and humidity probe interface 10 both adopt gold-plated waterproof connectors. The protection level of the main unit casing 1 reaches IP67. The power button is used to turn the device on and off. Press and hold for 3 seconds to turn it on, and press and hold again for 3 seconds to turn it off. When the start button is pressed, the data acquisition module 2 starts the acquisition process. When the view button is pressed, the LCD display 6 or the touch screen 18 displays the historical acquisition data. When the end button is pressed, the data acquisition module 2 stops the current acquisition task and temporarily stores the acquired but not yet uploaded data to the local storage module 3, waiting to be uploaded during the next communication.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The voice prompt module 19 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2, the touch screen 18 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2, the accelerometer 17 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2 and the power management module 5, and the physical button group 7 includes a power button, a start button, a view button and an end button, and the physical button group 7 is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 2. The voice prompt module 19, touch screen 18, and accelerometer 17 are connected to the corresponding pins of data acquisition module 2 and power management module 5 via wires to realize data transmission and power supply. The wire specifications are selected according to the module parameters, and the connection is soldered to ensure stability. Each button in physical button group 7 is connected to the corresponding interface of data acquisition module 2 via wires. The voice prompt module 19 is connected to the data acquisition module 2, enabling timely feedback of collected information; the touch screen 18 allows for convenient operation and data viewing; the accelerometer 17 can sense the device status and provide feedback; the physical button group 7 includes multiple function keys for convenient user operation; these connections enhance the device's functionality, improve the user experience, facilitate efficient operation of the device in different scenarios, and strengthen the device's practicality and reliability.

[0021] For the cold chain IoT system, based on the aforementioned cold chain IoT terminal devices, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-5 ,include: Cloud server 20, Bluetooth peer device 21, PC client 22, and Bluetooth printer 23; The 4G communication unit 14 in the communication module 4 of the cold chain IoT terminal device establishes a wireless communication connection with the cloud server 20. The communication module 4 includes a Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24. The Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24 in the communication module 4 of the cold chain IoT terminal device establishes a wireless communication connection with the Bluetooth peer device 21, the PC client 22 and the Bluetooth printer 23 respectively. The cloud server 20 includes a remote configuration module 25, a data receiving and analysis module 26, an early warning module 27, and a configuration log storage module 28; The local storage module 3 of the cold chain IoT terminal device and the data receiving and analysis module 26 of the cloud server 20 achieve data interaction through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4; The remote configuration module 25 of the cloud server 20 and the data acquisition module 2 of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with each other through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4 to realize configuration command interaction; The warning module 27 of the cloud server 20 interacts with the voice prompt module 19 and status indicator 11 of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4 to realize the warning signal interaction. The configuration log storage module 28 of the cloud server 20 and the local storage module 3 of the cold chain IoT terminal device realize configuration log data interaction through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4; Bluetooth peer device 21 and PC client 22 enable Bluetooth function and search for nearby devices. Cold chain IoT terminal device enters discoverable mode. Both parties select the corresponding device name to pair, enter the preset password or complete the pairing through automatic verification, and establish a stable wireless communication connection. Built upon cold chain IoT terminal devices, the system comprises multiple components including a cloud server 20 and a Bluetooth peer device 21. Stable wireless connections between devices are achieved through a 4G communication unit 14 and a Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24. The cloud server 20 has clearly defined modules: the data receiving and analysis module 26 interacts with the local storage module 3 to transmit data; the remote configuration module 25 can issue configuration commands; the early warning module 27 can promptly issue early warning signals; and the configuration log storage module 28 can store configuration log data. This design makes cold chain monitoring more efficient, convenient, and intelligent, improving the quality and reliability of cold chain management.

[0022] Please see Figure 5 The remote configuration module 25 of the cloud server 20 includes a batch parameter synchronization unit 29 and a configuration instruction encryption unit 30. The batch parameter synchronization unit 29 is used to simultaneously send collection interval parameters, alarm threshold parameters and communication mode switching condition parameters to multiple cold chain IoT terminal devices. The configuration instruction encryption unit 30 is used to encrypt the configuration instructions generated by the batch parameter synchronization unit 29. The encrypted configuration instructions are transmitted to the data acquisition module 2 of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4. The configuration instruction encryption unit 30 uses the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm to encrypt the configuration instructions generated by the batch parameter synchronization unit 29. During the encryption process, a pre-set key is used to perform multiple rounds of byte substitution, row shifting, column obfuscation, and round key addition on the configuration instructions to ensure the security and integrity of the configuration instructions during transmission and prevent them from being illegally stolen or tampered with. The batch parameter synchronization unit 29 can simultaneously send parameters such as collection interval, alarm threshold and communication mode switching conditions to multiple cold chain IoT terminal devices, realizing efficient one-to-many configuration and reducing the workload and time cost of manual configuration. The configuration instruction encryption unit 30 encrypts the generated configuration instructions and securely transmits them to the data acquisition module 2 through the 4G communication unit 14, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the configuration instructions during transmission, preventing information leakage and malicious tampering, and improving the security and reliability of the entire cold chain IoT system.

[0023] Please see Figure 5 The data acquisition module 2 of the cold chain IoT terminal device is equipped with an instruction verification unit 31. The instruction verification unit 31 is used to receive the encrypted configuration instruction transmitted by the configuration instruction encryption unit 30, decrypt the encrypted configuration instruction and verify the integrity of the instruction. After the verification is successful, the parameter adjustment operation corresponding to the configuration instruction is executed, and a configuration effective feedback signal is generated. The configuration effective feedback signal is transmitted to the remote configuration module 25 of the cloud server 20 through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4. The instruction verification unit 31 can use the AES encryption algorithm to decrypt the encrypted configuration instruction, and verify the integrity of the instruction by calculating the hash value of the instruction and comparing it with the preset value; if the hash values ​​match, the parameter adjustment operation is performed and a configuration effective feedback signal is generated. Encryption and decryption mechanisms prevent commands from being tampered with or intercepted during transmission, ensuring data confidentiality. At the same time, command integrity verification ensures the integrity and accuracy of commands, avoiding equipment failures or data anomalies caused by command errors. After the execution parameters are adjusted, a configuration effect feedback signal is generated, enabling the cloud server 20 to understand the device status in a timely manner, improving system reliability and management efficiency.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 The data receiving and analysis module 26 of the cloud server 20 includes a historical data storage unit 32 and a trend analysis unit 33. The historical data storage unit 32 is used to receive temperature data, humidity data, location information data and battery power data of the past three months uploaded by the local storage module 3 of the cold chain IoT terminal device, and to classify and store the received data. The trend analysis unit 33 is used to call the temperature data stored in the historical data storage unit 32, and use the linear regression algorithm to calculate and analyze the changing trend of the temperature data to obtain temperature fluctuation trend data. The trend analysis unit 33 first obtains temperature data from the historical data storage unit 32, arranges it according to the time series, determines the independent variable (time) and dependent variable (temperature), fits a linear regression equation using the least squares method, and analyzes the temperature data change trend based on parameters such as the slope and intercept of the equation to obtain temperature fluctuation trend data. The historical data storage unit 32 can receive and classify various key data from the local storage module 3 of the cold chain IoT terminal device for the past three months, providing a rich data foundation for subsequent analysis. The trend analysis unit 33 calls up the temperature data and uses a linear regression algorithm to calculate and analyze it, which can accurately obtain temperature fluctuation trend data. This helps to detect abnormal temperature changes in a timely manner, providing a scientific basis for decision-making in scenarios such as cold chain transportation, and ensuring that goods are stored and transported in a suitable environment.

[0025] Please see Figure 5 The early warning module 27 of the cloud server 20 includes a threshold judgment unit 34 and an early warning signal generation unit 35. The threshold judgment unit 34 is used to receive temperature fluctuation trend data output by the trend analysis unit 33. When the temperature fluctuation trend data shows that the temperature fluctuation amplitude exceeds the set value within a specified time, the threshold judgment unit 34 sends a trigger signal to the early warning signal generation unit 35. After receiving the trigger signal, the early warning signal generation unit 35 generates an early warning signal. The early warning signal is transmitted to the voice prompt module 19 and status indicator 11 of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4. Based on the characteristics, storage requirements, and historical data of cold chain goods, professionals can flexibly set the settings through the relevant operation interface of PC client 22 or cloud server 20, and store the set values ​​in a specific storage area of ​​cloud server 20 for the threshold judgment unit 34 to call. The threshold judgment unit 34 receives the temperature fluctuation trend data output by the trend analysis unit 33 and can accurately determine whether the temperature fluctuation amplitude exceeds the set value within a specified time. If it exceeds the limit, it quickly sends a trigger signal to the warning signal generation unit 35. After receiving the signal, the warning signal generation unit 35 immediately generates a warning signal and quickly transmits it to the voice prompt module 19 and status indicator light 11 of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit 14 of the communication module 4, so as to promptly remind relevant personnel and ensure the quality and safety of cold chain products.

[0026] Please see Figure 5 Bluetooth peer device 21 establishes a pairing connection with Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24 in communication module 4 of cold chain IoT terminal device through Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. Bluetooth peer device 21 is used to receive real-time temperature data, real-time humidity data, real-time location information data and real-time battery power data transmitted by communication module 4 of cold chain IoT terminal device. Bluetooth peer device 21 is equipped with display unit 36, which is used to display the received real-time data. Bluetooth peer device 21 enables Bluetooth function, searches for Bluetooth 5.0 signals emitted by cold chain IoT terminal devices, selects the corresponding device in the search list, enters the preset pairing password or completes pairing through automatic verification. After successful pairing, a stable connection is established, and it can automatically reconnect in the future. Bluetooth peer device 21 establishes a pairing connection with Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24 in cold chain IoT terminal device communication module 4 via Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. This method is stable and efficient. It can receive temperature, humidity, location information and battery power data transmitted by terminal device in real time and present them intuitively through display unit 36. This not only makes it convenient for staff to quickly obtain key information of the cold chain environment at close range and keep abreast of equipment status, but also enables them to make quick decisions and adjustments on site to ensure the safety and stability of cold chain transportation and storage process.

[0027] Please see Figure 5 The PC client 22 establishes a connection with the communication module 4 of the cold chain IoT terminal device via a 4G network or Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The PC client 22 is equipped with a data export unit 37 and a device status viewing unit 38. The data export unit 37 is used to export the data uploaded by the cold chain IoT terminal device into a table file. The device status viewing unit 38 is used to receive the working status data transmitted by the cold chain IoT terminal device. The working status data includes the collection interval status, communication mode status, battery power status, and alarm status. The specific format settings (such as CSV, Excel, etc.) of the data export unit 37 of the PC client 22 when exporting table files and the real-time guarantee mechanism for the device status viewing unit 38 to receive working status data (such as using timed polling or event-driven methods) are implied in the existing description or can be achieved through conventional technical means. PC client 22 establishes a flexible connection with cold chain IoT terminal devices via 4G network or Bluetooth 5.0 protocol, realizing efficient data transmission and remote management; its data export unit 37 can convert the data uploaded by the terminal devices into standard table files, which facilitates users to perform subsequent data analysis and processing, improving data utilization efficiency; at the same time, the device status viewing unit 38 can receive and display the working status data of the terminal devices in real time, including the collection interval, communication mode, battery level and alarm status, so that users can understand the equipment operation status in a timely manner, respond quickly to abnormal situations, and ensure the stable operation and efficient management of the cold chain IoT system.

[0028] Please see Figure 5 The Bluetooth printer 23 is paired with the Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24 in the communication module 4 of the cold chain IoT terminal device via the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The Bluetooth printer 23 is used to receive the collected data and alarm data transmitted by the communication module 4 of the cold chain IoT terminal device, and to print the collected data and alarm data on paper. The LCD display 6 of the cold chain IoT terminal device is used to display printing prompts during the printing process of the Bluetooth printer 23, and to display a printing success prompt after the Bluetooth printer 23 has finished printing. After the Bluetooth printer 23 is turned on, it enters the discoverable mode. The cold chain IoT terminal device searches for nearby Bluetooth devices through its Bluetooth 5.0 unit 24. After finding the Bluetooth printer 23, it initiates a pairing request. The Bluetooth printer 23 pops up a pairing confirmation prompt. After the user confirms, the pairing is completed, and subsequent data transmission and printing operations can be performed. The Bluetooth printer 23 pairs with cold chain IoT terminal devices via Bluetooth 5.0, enabling it to quickly and stably receive and print collected and alarm data, facilitating access to key information for on-site personnel and enhancing data readability and retention. The LCD display 6 shows printing progress and success messages during the printing process, allowing users to stay informed about the printing status and avoid blind waiting or misoperation. This design improves the convenience of data processing and user experience, contributing to the efficient management of cold chain IoT-related data.

[0029] It should be noted that the equipment structure, function descriptions and accompanying drawings described in this article are based on a reference model. As the product will be iterated and updated with the development of technology, the actual manufactured product may differ from the reference model in terms of appearance, size, component layout or interface style.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cold chain IoT terminal device, characterized in that, include: The host casing (1) is equipped with a data acquisition module (2), a local storage module (3), a communication module (4) and a power management module (5) inside the host casing (1). The front face of the host casing (1) is equipped with an LCD display screen (6) and a physical button group (7). The outside of the host casing (1) is equipped with a charging interface (8), a main temperature and humidity probe interface (9) and a backup temperature and humidity probe interface (10). The top of the host casing (1) is equipped with a status indicator light (11). The data acquisition module (2) is electrically connected to the main temperature and humidity probe interface (9) and the backup temperature and humidity probe interface (10) respectively. The input end of the data acquisition module (2) is also equipped with a location information acquisition unit (12) and a battery power acquisition unit (13). The local storage module (3) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2) and is used to store the temperature, humidity, location information and battery power data acquired by the data acquisition module (2); The communication module (4) includes a 4G communication unit (14) and an NB-IoT communication unit (15), and the communication module (4) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2) and the local storage module (3), respectively. The host casing (1) has a rechargeable lithium battery (16) fixed inside. The power management module (5) is electrically connected to the rechargeable lithium battery (16) and the charging interface (8) respectively. The power management module (5) is also electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2), the local storage module (3), the communication module (4), the LCD display (6), the physical button group (7), and the status indicator (11) respectively. An acceleration sensor (17) is also provided inside the main unit housing (1). The main unit casing (1) is also provided with a touch screen (18) on the outside; The main unit casing (1) is also equipped with a voice prompt module (19).

2. The cold chain IoT terminal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voice prompt module (19) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2), the touch screen (18) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2), the accelerometer (17) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2) and the power management module (5), the physical button group (7) includes a power button, a start button, a view button and an end button, and the physical button group (7) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (2).

3. A cold chain IoT system, based on the cold chain IoT terminal device as described in any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, include: Cloud server (20), Bluetooth peer device (21), PC client (22) and Bluetooth printer (23); The 4G communication unit (14) in the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device establishes a wireless communication connection with the cloud server (20). The communication module (4) includes a Bluetooth 5.0 unit (24). The Bluetooth 5.0 unit (24) in the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device establishes a wireless communication connection with the Bluetooth peer device (21), the PC client (22), and the Bluetooth printer (23), respectively. The cloud server (20) includes a remote configuration module (25), a data receiving and analysis module (26), an early warning module (27), and a configuration log storage module (28). The local storage module (3) of the cold chain IoT terminal device and the data receiving and analysis module (26) of the cloud server (20) achieve data interaction through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4); The remote configuration module (25) of the cloud server (20) and the data acquisition module (2) of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with each other through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4); The warning module (27) of the cloud server (20) and the voice prompt module (19) and status indicator (11) of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with the warning signal through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4); The configuration log storage module (28) of the cloud server (20) and the local storage module (3) of the cold chain IoT terminal device interact with each other through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4).

4. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The remote configuration module (25) of the cloud server (20) includes a batch parameter synchronization unit (29) and a configuration instruction encryption unit (30). The batch parameter synchronization unit (29) is used to simultaneously send collection interval parameters, alarm threshold parameters and communication mode switching condition parameters to multiple cold chain IoT terminal devices. The configuration instruction encryption unit (30) is used to encrypt the configuration instructions generated by the batch parameter synchronization unit (29). The encrypted configuration instructions are transmitted to the data acquisition module (2) of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4).

5. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (2) of the cold chain IoT terminal device is equipped with an instruction verification unit (31). The instruction verification unit (31) is used to receive the encrypted configuration instruction transmitted by the configuration instruction encryption unit (30), decrypt the encrypted configuration instruction and verify the integrity of the instruction. After the verification is passed, the parameter adjustment operation corresponding to the configuration instruction is executed, and a configuration effective feedback signal is generated. The configuration effective feedback signal is transmitted to the remote configuration module (25) of the cloud server (20) through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4).

6. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data receiving and analysis module (26) of the cloud server (20) includes a historical data storage unit (32) and a trend analysis unit (33). The historical data storage unit (32) is used to receive temperature data, humidity data, location information data and battery power data uploaded by the local storage module (3) of the cold chain IoT terminal device, and to classify and store the received data. The trend analysis unit (33) is used to call the temperature data stored in the historical data storage unit (32), and use the linear regression algorithm to calculate and analyze the changing trend of the temperature data to obtain temperature fluctuation trend data.

7. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The early warning module (27) of the cloud server (20) includes a threshold judgment unit (34) and an early warning signal generation unit (35). The threshold judgment unit (34) is used to receive temperature fluctuation trend data output by the trend analysis unit (33). When the temperature fluctuation trend data shows that the temperature fluctuation amplitude exceeds the set value within a specified time, the threshold judgment unit (34) sends a trigger signal to the early warning signal generation unit (35). After receiving the trigger signal, the early warning signal generation unit (35) generates an early warning signal. The early warning signal is transmitted to the voice prompt module (19) and status indicator (11) of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the 4G communication unit (14) of the communication module (4).

8. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Bluetooth peer device (21) establishes a pairing connection with the Bluetooth 5.0 unit (24) in the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device through the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The Bluetooth peer device (21) is used to receive real-time temperature data, real-time humidity data, real-time location information data and real-time battery power data transmitted by the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device. The Bluetooth peer device (21) is equipped with a display unit (36), which is used to display the received real-time data.

9. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PC client (22) establishes a connection with the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device through a 4G network or Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The PC client (22) is equipped with a data export unit (37) and a device status viewing unit (38). The data export unit (37) is used to export the data uploaded by the cold chain IoT terminal device into a table file. The device status viewing unit (38) is used to receive the working status data transmitted by the cold chain IoT terminal device. The working status data includes the collection interval status, communication mode status, battery power status, and alarm status.

10. The cold chain IoT system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Bluetooth printer (23) is paired with the Bluetooth 5.0 unit (24) in the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device via the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. The Bluetooth printer (23) is used to receive the collected data and alarm data transmitted by the communication module (4) of the cold chain IoT terminal device and to print the collected data and alarm data on paper.

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