Wheel load and traction combined measuring device and measuring method for highway-railway dual-purpose tractor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle detection, and particularly relates to a road-railway dual-purpose tractor wheel load and traction combined measuring device and measuring method. Comprising a foundation platform, a multi-section upper rail bridge is laid on the foundation platform, multi-section fixed rails are fixed to the foundation platform, wheel load measuring mechanisms are installed at the intervals of the multi-section fixed rails, the road-rail car is located on the wheel load measuring mechanisms, and a Zhan style car coupler is hinged to the rear side of the road-rail car. A traction force measuring mechanism is hinged to the rear end of the Zhan style car coupler, the wheel load measuring mechanism comprises a wheel load instrument, a movable rail and a guide plate, and the movable rail is placed on the wheel load instrument; accumulated errors generated by a traditional step-by-step test are avoided through integrated measurement, the measurement precision is improved, compared with split type detection equipment, the combined measurement device can dynamically display the change relation between traction force and wheel loads, basic measurement data are provided for research and development and design of the road-rail car, and the reliability of the road-rail car is improved. The method can also be used as a basis for daily maintenance performance test of the rail-road car.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle inspection technology, specifically to a combined measuring device and method for measuring wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The dual-purpose road-rail tractor is a special vehicle that can freely switch between road and rail tracks. It is mainly used for track traction, shunting operations, and traction and positioning when used with wheel-on-wheel lathes. It can achieve precise positioning operations within the yard, traction trains during railway line maintenance, assist in the positioning and alignment of wheel-on-wheel lathes, and also has road driving capabilities to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0003] According to data from the 2024 "Special Vehicle Engineering Technology Blue Book," the annual production of dual-purpose road and rail vehicles in China has reached 3,200 units, but existing testing equipment has some limitations: Single function: Traditional wheel load testers (such as the JZC-3 model) and traction force test benches (such as the QLY-2000 model) need to be operated separately, resulting in data synchronization issues; Insufficient adaptability: The fixed track structure cannot accommodate wheelbase differences of 1.8-3.2m.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a combined measurement device and method for measuring wheel load and traction force of dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicles to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a combined measuring device and method for measuring the wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution: A combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a road-rail dual-purpose traction vehicle includes a base platform, on which a multi-segment upper rail bridge is laid, and a multi-segment fixed rail is fixed on the base platform. Wheel load measuring mechanisms are installed at intervals of the multi-segment fixed rail, and the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle is located on the wheel load measuring mechanism. A James coupler is hinged to the rear side of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle, and a traction force measuring mechanism is hinged to the rear end of the James coupler. The wheel load measuring mechanism includes a wheel load meter, a movable rail, and a guide plate. The movable rail is placed on the wheel load meter, and flexible flat bearings are installed at both ends of the movable rail. The guide plate is located on both sides of the movable rail and is fixed on a multi-segment fixed rail. The inner surface of the guide plate is inlaid with a flexible flat bearing. The traction force measuring mechanism includes a support frame and a pull frame. A counterweight is installed at the tail of the support frame. A guide opening is provided on the upper part of the support frame, and guide wheels are installed around the guide opening. The pull frame slides in the guide opening through the guide wheels. A tension gauge is hinged on the support frame, and a connecting frame is hinged to the other end of the tension gauge. The other end of the connecting frame is fixed to the pull frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the bridge deck of the multi-segment upper rail bridge has reserved installation positions, through which the multi-segment fixed rail passes.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-segment fixed rail has a reserved assembly position, in which the wheel load measuring mechanism is installed, and the number of wheel load measuring mechanisms is the same as that of the rubber tires of the dual-purpose road and rail vehicle.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable rail is located in the assembly position, and its rail surface is flush with the rail surface of the multi-segment fixed rail. The guide plate is fixed to both sides of the assembly position by bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the end face flexible planar bearing is located between multiple fixed rails and movable rails, and the side flexible planar bearing is located between the guide plate and the movable rails.

[0011] Furthermore, both the end face flexible planar bearing and the side flexible planar bearing include an EVA foam cage and steel cylindrical rolling elements, with the steel cylindrical rolling elements mounted in the EVA foam cage.

[0012] Furthermore, the front end of the support frame is fixed to the foundation platform by bolts, and the front end face of the support frame is in contact with the tail end of the multi-segment fixed rail.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear side of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle is fixed with a first lug by bolts, the front end of the tie rod is fixed with a second lug by bolts, and the two ends of the James coupler are hinged to the first lug and the second lug by pins respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the tie rod is inlaid with steel sleeves, and the steel sleeves are evenly distributed on the tie rod at equal intervals.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting frame is hinged to the steel sleeve via a pin, and the two ends of the tension gauge are respectively hinged to the connecting frame and the bearing frame via pins.

[0016] Furthermore, a support column is welded to the bottom of the front end of the bracket, and a roller is fixed to the bottom of the support column.

[0017] A method for measuring wheel load using a combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road-rail traction vehicle includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the wheel load measuring mechanism according to the drawing and fix it at the assembly position of the multi-section fixed rail; S2. Adjust the guide plate gap so that each movable rail can move up and down without jamming, and keep the rail surface of the wheel load measuring mechanism flush with the rail surface of the multi-section fixed rail, while ensuring that the rail surface flatness error is ≤±2mm. S3. Turn on the wheel load meter and reset the wheel load meter value to zero; S4. Check that the tire pressure of the road-rail vehicle meets the manufacturer's specified value, and then drive the road-rail vehicle equipped with a hydraulic track-changing device onto the multi-section upper rail bridge to the designated position. S5. Achieve a 90° horizontal rotation of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle through the hydraulic track-changing device, then adjust the lifting of the iron wheels of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle to align the iron wheels with the rails, and move the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle so that the front and rear rubber wheels are directly above and centered on the movable rails. S6. Record the load data of each wheel after standing still for ≥3 seconds; S7. Read the wheel load meter data to obtain the wheel load values. Through conversion, the axle load values ​​can be obtained. The total vehicle curb weight is obtained by summing the axle load values. Compare the wheel load design values ​​or ranges to confirm whether each wheel load is qualified.

[0018] A method for measuring the traction force of a combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a road-rail traction tractor includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the traction force measuring mechanism according to the drawing, and connect it with the base platform and multi-section fixed rail, and press the counterweight block in place; S2. Adjust the gap between the guide wheel and the pull frame so that the pull frame can move back and forth flexibly without jamming; S3. Adjust the extension length of the tie rod so that it can be connected to the road-rail dual-purpose car through the James coupler; S4. Turn on the tension gauge and reset the tension count to zero; S5. Start the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle and move it forward until the tires slip. Read the data from the dynamometer to obtain the maximum traction force value. S6. Align the timestamps of the wheel load meter and the tension gauge to analyze the dynamic distribution of axle load when the traction force changes.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a combined measuring device and method for measuring the wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention enables the coordinated measurement of wheel load and traction force, or the measurement can be performed separately. After the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle is mounted on the rail, the front and rear wheels are positioned on the movable rails directly above the corresponding wheel load meters. The rear of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle is connected to the traction mechanism via a James coupler. When the vehicle is started and moves forward, the wheel load and traction force of each wheel can be measured simultaneously.

[0020] This invention employs a dynamically adjustable modular track system, which can reduce track alignment errors and ensure the reliability of wheel load and traction force data. By adjusting the length and position of each fixed and movable track section, it can be flexibly adjusted according to different wheelbases of road-rail dual-purpose vehicles, achieving stepless adjustment of the wheelbase. It can also be reconfigured to simulate different track conditions, supporting the testing of wheel load and traction force performance under different track scenarios in joint measurements.

[0021] In this invention, when measuring wheel load, a flexible planar bearing is used to reduce the measurement error caused by friction between the movable rail and the fixed rail. When measuring traction force, a guide wheel is used to reduce the interference of lateral force on the tie frame, and rollers at the bottom of the tie frame are used to reduce the measurement error caused by friction between the tie frame and the support frame.

[0022] This invention, through integrated measurement, avoids the cumulative errors of traditional step-by-step testing, and can identify potential problems such as wheel load exceeding limits or sudden changes in traction force in advance. Compared with separate testing equipment, the combined measurement device can dynamically display the relationship between traction force and wheel load, providing basic measurement data for the research and development of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles, and can also serve as the basis for daily maintenance performance testing of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the basic platform structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the traction mechanism connection of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the wheel load measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the traction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Exploded view.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Basic platform; 2. Multi-section upper rail bridge; 21. Installation position; 3. Multi-section fixed rail; 31. Assembly position; 4. Wheel load measuring mechanism; 41. Wheel load meter; 42. Movable rail; 43. Guide plate; 44. End face flexible plane bearing; 45. Side flexible plane bearing; 46. EVA foam retainer; 47. Steel cylindrical rolling element; 5. Road-rail dual-purpose vehicle; 6. Jan coupler; 7. Traction force measuring mechanism; 71. Bearing frame; 72. Tie frame; 73. Counterweight; 74. Guide opening; 75. Guide wheel; 76. Tension gauge; 77. Connecting frame; 78. Steel sleeve; 79. Support column; 710. Roller; 8. First ear seat; 9. Second ear seat. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0026] like Figures 1-6 As shown in one embodiment of the present invention, a combined measurement device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road-rail traction vehicle includes a base platform 1, on which a multi-segment upper rail bridge 2 is laid, and a multi-segment fixed rail 3 is fixed on the base platform 1. Wheel load measuring mechanisms 4 are installed at intervals on the multi-segment fixed rail 3. A dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is located on the wheel load measuring mechanism 4. A James coupler 6 is hinged to the rear side of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5, and a traction force measuring mechanism 7 is hinged to the rear end of the James coupler 6. This device can achieve coordinated measurement of wheel load and traction force, or perform individual measurements. After the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is on the rail, the front and rear wheels are respectively located on the movable rail 42 directly above the corresponding wheel load meter 41. The rear of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is connected to the traction force measuring mechanism 7 through the James coupler 6. When the vehicle is started and moved forward, the wheel load and traction force of each wheel can be measured simultaneously. The use of a dynamically adjustable modular track system can reduce track alignment errors and ensure the reliability of wheel load and traction force data. The system allows for flexible adjustment of the wheelbase of dual-purpose rail and road vehicles by modifying the length and position of each fixed and movable rail 42 section. This enables stepless adjustment of the wheelbase and allows for reconfiguration to simulate different track conditions. It supports testing wheel load and traction force under different track scenarios during joint measurement. When measuring wheel load, flexible planar bearings are used to reduce measurement errors caused by friction between the movable rail 42 and the fixed rail. When measuring traction force, guide wheels 75 are used to reduce lateral force interference from the tie frame 72, and rollers 710 at the bottom of the tie frame 72 are used to reduce measurement errors caused by friction between the tie frame 72 and the support frame 71. Integrated measurement avoids the cumulative errors of traditional step-by-step testing and can identify potential problems such as wheel load exceeding limits or sudden changes in traction force in advance. Compared with separate testing equipment, the joint measurement device can dynamically display the relationship between traction force and wheel load, providing basic measurement data for the research and development of dual-purpose rail and road vehicles. It can also serve as a basis for daily maintenance performance testing of dual-purpose rail and road vehicles. The wheel load measuring mechanism 4 includes a wheel load meter 41, a movable rail 42, and a guide plate 43. The movable rail 42 is placed on the wheel load meter 41, and flexible flat bearings 44 are installed at both ends of the movable rail 42. The guide plate 43 is located on both sides of the movable rail 42 and is fixed on the multi-segment fixed rail 3. The inner surface of the guide plate 43 is inlaid with a side flexible flat bearing 45. The traction force measuring mechanism 7 includes a support frame 71 and a pull frame 72. A counterweight 73 is installed at the tail of the support frame 71. A guide opening 74 is provided on the upper part of the support frame 71, and guide wheels 75 are installed around the guide opening 74. The pull frame 72 slides in the guide opening 74 through the guide wheels 75. A tension gauge 76 is hinged on the support frame 71, and a connecting frame 77 is hinged to the other end of the tension gauge 76. The other end of the connecting frame 77 is fixed to the pull frame 72.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the bridge deck of the multi-segment upper rail bridge 2 has a reserved installation position 21, through which the multi-segment fixed rail 3 passes. The installation position 21 is used to leave space for the laying of the multi-segment fixed rail 3.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the multi-segment fixed rail 3 has a reserved assembly position 31, the wheel load measuring mechanism 4 is installed in the assembly position 31, and the number of wheel load measuring mechanism 4 is the same as that of the rubber tires of the dual-purpose road and rail vehicle 5. The assembly position 31 is used to leave space for the laying of the wheel load measuring mechanism 4.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the movable rail 42 is located in the assembly position 31, and its rail surface is flush with the rail surface of the multi-segment fixed rail 3. The guide plate 43 is fixed to both sides of the assembly position 31 by bolts. The movable rail 42 is guided by a flexible planar bearing. When the wheel is directly above the movable rail 42, the wheel load is transmitted to the wheel load meter 41 through the movable rail 42 to complete the wheel load measurement.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the end face flexible plane bearing 44 is located between the multi-section fixed rail 3 and the movable rail 42, and the side flexible plane bearing 45 is located between the guide plate 43 and the movable rail 42. During the measurement process, the movable rail 42 has a slight vertical displacement. The side flexible plane bearing 45 and the end face flexible plane bearing 44 realize the rolling friction of the movable rail 42 in the vertical direction around its perimeter, reducing the measurement error caused by friction.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, both the end face flexible planar bearing 44 and the side flexible planar bearing 45 include an EVA foam cage 46 and a steel cylindrical rolling element 47. The steel cylindrical rolling element 47 is installed in the EVA foam cage 46. Since the EVA foam has a certain compressibility, when the steel cylindrical rolling element 47 moves up and down slightly, the EVA foam cage 46 will have slight deformation to adapt to the displacement of the steel cylindrical rolling element 47, and at the same time, it can also function as a cage.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the front end of the support frame 71 is fixed to the base platform 1 by bolts, and the front end face of the support frame 71 is in contact with the tail end of the multi-segment fixed rail 3. The traction force is an internal force between the wheel load measuring mechanism 4 and the traction force measuring mechanism 7, and they are mutually balanced.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the rear side of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle 5 is fixed with a first lug 8 by bolts, the front end of the tie rod 72 is fixed with a second lug 9 by bolts, and the two ends of the James coupler 6 are hinged to the first lug 8 and the second lug 9 by pins respectively. The first lug 8 and the second lug 9 are both connection structures used to connect the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle 5 and the traction force measuring mechanism 7 through the connection with the James coupler 6.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the tie frame 72 is inlaid with steel sleeves 78, and the steel sleeves 78 are evenly distributed on the tie frame 72 at equal intervals. The steel sleeves 78 are reinforcing materials used to increase the connection strength between the tie frame 72 and the connecting frame 77.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the connecting frame 77 is hinged to the steel sleeve 78 by a pin, and the two ends of the tension gauge 76 are respectively hinged to the connecting frame 77 and the bearing frame 71 by pins. When the traction force is transmitted to the tension frame 72 through the coupler, the traction force is then transmitted to the front end of the tension gauge 76 through the pin and the connecting frame 77, thereby realizing the measurement of the traction force.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a support column 79 is welded to the bottom of the front end of the pull frame 72, and a roller 710 is fixed to the bottom of the support column 79. The front end of the pull frame 72 is guided and supported by the support column 79 and the roller 710.

[0037] A method for measuring wheel load using a combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road-rail traction vehicle includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the wheel load measuring mechanism 4 according to the diagram and fix it at the assembly position 31 of the multi-segment fixed rail 3. S2. Adjust the gap of the guide plate 43 so that each movable rail 42 can move up and down without jamming, and keep the rail surface of the wheel load measuring mechanism 4 flush with the rail surface of the multi-section fixed rail 3, while ensuring that the rail surface flatness error is ≤±2mm. S3. Turn on the wheel load meter 41 and reset the value of the wheel load meter 41 to zero; S4. Check that the tire pressure of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 meets the manufacturer's specified value, and then drive the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 equipped with a hydraulic track-changing device onto the multi-section upper rail bridge 2 to the designated position. S5. The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle 5 is rotated horizontally by 90° through the hydraulic track-changing device. Then, the lifting of the iron wheels of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle 5 is adjusted so that the iron wheels are connected with the rails. The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle is moved so that the front and rear rubber wheels are directly above and centered on the movable rail 42. S6. Record the load data of each wheel after standing still for ≥3 seconds; S7. Read the data from wheel load meter 41 to obtain the wheel load values. By conversion, the axle load values ​​can be obtained. The total vehicle curb weight is obtained by summing the axle load values. Compare the wheel load design values ​​or ranges to confirm whether each wheel load is qualified.

[0038] A method for measuring the traction force of a combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a road-rail traction tractor includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the traction force measuring mechanism 7 according to the diagram, and connect it with the base platform 1 and the multi-section fixed rail 3, and press down the counterweight 73; S2. Adjust the gap between the guide wheel 75 and the pull frame 72 so that the pull frame 72 can move back and forth flexibly without jamming; S3. Adjust the extension length of the tie rod 72 so that it can be connected to the dual-purpose road and rail car 5 through the James coupler 6; S4. Turn on the tension gauge 76 and reset the value of the tension gauge 76 to zero; S5. Start the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 and move it forward until the tires slip. Read the data from the dynamometer 76 to obtain the maximum traction force value. S6, wheel load meter 41 and tension meter 76 are time-stamped to analyze the dynamic distribution of axle load when traction force changes.

[0039] In operation, after the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is mounted on the rail, the front and rear wheels are positioned on the movable rails 42 directly above the corresponding wheel load meters 41. The rear of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is connected to the traction force measuring mechanism 7 via a James coupler 6. The vehicle is then started and moved forward, allowing for simultaneous measurement of wheel load and traction force. This enables coordinated measurement of wheel load and traction force, or individual measurements. The use of a dynamically adjustable modular track system reduces track alignment errors and ensures the reliability of wheel load and traction force data. By adjusting the length and position of each fixed rail and movable rail 42 section, the system can be flexibly adjusted according to different wheelbases of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle, achieving stepless adjustment of the wheelbase. It can also be reconfigured to simulate different track conditions, supporting the testing of wheel load and traction force in various track scenarios during joint measurements. The integrated measurement system reduces the measurement error caused by friction between the movable rail 42 and the fixed rail when measuring wheel load using a flexible flat bearing. When measuring traction force, the guide wheel 75 reduces the lateral force interference of the tie frame 72, and the roller 710 at the bottom of the tie frame 72 reduces the measurement error caused by friction between it and the bearing frame 71. The integrated measurement avoids the cumulative error of traditional step-by-step testing and can identify potential problems such as wheel load exceeding limits (e.g., single axle overload ≥15%) or sudden changes in traction force (e.g., peak fluctuation ≥10% during braking) in advance. Compared with separate testing equipment, the integrated measurement device can dynamically display the relationship between traction force and wheel load, providing basic measurement data for the research and development of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles, and can also serve as the basis for daily maintenance performance testing of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles.

[0040] In summary, this system enables coordinated measurement of wheel load and traction force, as well as individual measurement. After the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is mounted on the rail, the front and rear wheels are positioned on the movable rails 42 directly above the corresponding wheel load meters 41. The rear of the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle 5 is connected to the traction mechanism 7 via a James coupler 6. Starting the vehicle and moving it forward allows for simultaneous measurement of wheel load and traction force. The use of a dynamically adjustable modular track system reduces track alignment errors and ensures the reliability of wheel load and traction force data. By adjusting the length and position of each fixed rail and movable rail 42 section, the system can flexibly adjust the wheelbase according to different wheelbases, achieving stepless adjustment of the wheelbase. It can also be reconfigured to simulate different track conditions, supporting wheel testing during joint measurements. The measurement of wheel load and traction force under different track conditions; when measuring wheel load, a flexible planar bearing is used to reduce the measurement error caused by friction between the movable rail 42 and the fixed rail; when measuring traction force, a guide wheel 75 is used to reduce the lateral force interference of the tie frame 72, and the roller 710 at the bottom of the tie frame 72 is used to reduce the measurement error caused by friction between the tie frame 72 and the support frame 71; integrated measurement avoids the cumulative error of traditional step-by-step testing, and can identify potential problems such as wheel load exceeding limits or sudden changes in traction force in advance. Compared with separate testing equipment, the combined measurement device can dynamically display the relationship between traction force and wheel load, providing basic measurement data for the research and development of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles, and can also serve as the basis for daily maintenance performance testing of dual-purpose road-rail vehicles.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle, comprising a base platform (1), characterized in that: The base platform (1) is provided with a multi-section upper rail bridge (2), and a multi-section fixed rail (3) is fixed on the base platform (1). Wheel load measuring mechanism (4) is installed at intervals of the multi-section fixed rail (3). The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) is located on the wheel load measuring mechanism (4). The rear side of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) is hinged with a Zhan-type coupler (6), and the rear end of the Zhan-type coupler (6) is hinged with a traction force measuring mechanism (7). The wheel load measuring mechanism (4) includes a wheel load meter (41), a movable rail (42) and a guide plate (43). The movable rail (42) is placed on the wheel load meter (41), and the two ends of the movable rail (42) are equipped with end face flexible plane bearings (44). The guide plate (43) is located on both sides of the movable rail (42) and is fixed on a multi-segment fixed rail (3). The inner surface of the guide plate (43) is inlaid with side flexible plane bearings (45). The traction force measuring mechanism (7) includes a support frame (71) and a pull frame (72). A counterweight (73) is placed at the tail of the support frame (71). A guide opening (74) is provided on the upper part of the support frame (71), and guide wheels (75) are installed around the guide opening (74). The pull frame (72) slides in the guide opening (74) through the guide wheels (75). A tension gauge (76) is hinged on the support frame (71), and a connecting frame (77) is hinged to the other end of the tension gauge (76). The other end of the connecting frame (77) is fixed on the pull frame (72).

2. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-segment upper rail bridge (2) has a reserved installation position (21) on its bridge deck, and the multi-segment fixed rail (3) passes through the installation position (21).

3. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-segment fixed rail (3) has a reserved assembly position (31), the wheel load measuring mechanism (4) is installed in the assembly position (31), and the wheel load measuring mechanism (4) has the same number of rubber tires as the dual-purpose road and rail vehicle (5). The movable rail (42) is located in the assembly position (31), and its rail surface is flush with the rail surface of the multi-segment fixed rail (3). The guide plate (43) is fixed to both sides of the assembly position (31) by bolts. The end face flexible plane bearing (44) is located between the multi-segment fixed rail (3) and the movable rail (42), and the side flexible plane bearing (45) is located between the guide plate (43) and the movable rail (42).

4. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the end face flexible plane bearing (44) and the side flexible plane bearing (45) include an EVA foam cage (46) and a steel cylindrical rolling element (47), wherein the steel cylindrical rolling element (47) is installed in the EVA foam cage (46).

5. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the support frame (71) is fixed to the base platform (1) by bolts, and the front end face of the support frame (71) is in contact with the tail end of the multi-segment fixed rail (3).

6. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side of the dual-purpose road and rail vehicle (5) is fixed with a first lug (8) by bolts, and the front end of the tie rod (72) is fixed with a second lug (9) by bolts. The two ends of the James coupler (6) are hinged to the first lug (8) and the second lug (9) respectively by pins.

7. The combined measuring device and method for measuring wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tie rod (72) is inlaid with steel sleeves (78), and the steel sleeves (78) are evenly distributed on the tie rod (72) at equal intervals; The connecting frame (77) is hinged to the steel sleeve (78) by a pin, and the two ends of the tension gauge (76) are respectively hinged to the connecting frame (77) and the bearing frame (71) by pins.

8. The combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road and rail traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the bracket (72) is welded with a support column (79), and a roller (710) is fixed to the bottom of the support column (79).

9. A method for measuring wheel load of a combined road-rail traction wheel load and traction force measuring device, the method being based on the combined road-rail traction wheel load and traction force measuring device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the wheel load measuring mechanism (4) according to the figure and fix it at the assembly position (31) of the multi-segment fixed rail (3); S2. Adjust the gap of the guide plate (43) so that each movable rail (42) can move up and down without jamming, and keep the rail surface of the wheel load measuring mechanism (4) flush with the rail surface of the multi-section fixed rail (3), while ensuring that the rail surface flatness error is ≤ ±2mm. S3. Turn on the wheel load meter (41) and reset the value of the wheel load meter (41) to zero; S4. Check that the tire pressure of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) meets the manufacturer's specified value, and then drive the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) equipped with a hydraulic track-changing device onto the multi-section upper rail bridge (2) to the designated position. S5. The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) is rotated horizontally by 90° through the hydraulic track-changing device. Then, the lifting and lowering of the iron wheels of the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) are adjusted so that the iron wheels are connected with the rails. The road-rail dual-purpose vehicle (5) is moved so that the front and rear rubber wheels are directly above and centered on the movable rail (42). S6. Record the load data of each wheel after standing still for ≥3 seconds; S7. Read the data from the wheel load meter (41) to obtain the wheel load values. The axle load values ​​can be obtained by conversion. The total vehicle curb weight is obtained by summing the axle load values. Compare the wheel load design values ​​or ranges to confirm whether each wheel load is qualified.

10. A method for measuring the traction force of a combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road-rail traction vehicle, the method being based on the combined measuring device for wheel load and traction force of a dual-purpose road-rail traction vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the traction force measuring mechanism (7) according to the diagram, and connect it with the base platform (1) and the multi-section fixed rail (3), and press down the counterweight (73). S2. Adjust the gap between the guide wheel (75) and the tie rod (72) so that the tie rod (72) can move back and forth flexibly without jamming; S3. Adjust the extension length of the tie rod (72) so that it can be connected to the road-rail dual-purpose car (5) through the James coupler (6); S4. Turn on the tension gauge (76) and reset the value of the tension gauge (76) to zero; S5. Start the dual-purpose road-rail vehicle (5) and move forward until the tires slip. Read the data from the traction meter (76) to obtain the maximum traction force value. S6. Align the timestamps of the wheel load meter (41) and the tension meter (76) to analyze the dynamic distribution of axle load when the traction force changes.

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