Multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device, and belongs to the field of soil erosion equipment, the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device comprises more than two groups of pourable liquid containing mechanisms for containing erosion water-sand mixtures, more than two groups of weighing mechanisms, sampling pipes and transposition mechanisms, each group of pourable liquid containing mechanism comprises a main hopper for collecting flow and an auxiliary hopper for collecting overflow, an overflow port is formed in the upper part of the main hopper, the overflow port is communicated with an inner cavity of the main hopper, and a liquid outlet end of the overflow port is positioned above the auxiliary hopper. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device can effectively avoid judging the full bucket state, is also beneficial to effectively overcoming the influence of water inlet impact force on weighing, and has the characteristics of automatic and continuous sampling, continuous weighing and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil erosion equipment, and more particularly to a multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device and a monitoring method for the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Current soil erosion monitoring instruments can calculate indicators such as sediment content, runoff, bedload and suspended load content, runoff generation and termination time, and rainfall parameters by weighing and recording continuous erosion water-sediment mixtures, in order to monitor soil erosion-related indicators.

[0003] Because continuous erosion of water and sediment mixtures requires dynamic / uninterrupted weighing, which can easily affect accuracy and is difficult to implement, relatively static / discrete sampling and weighing methods are often used to ensure higher data accuracy and are also technically easier to implement. For example, a commonly used soil erosion monitoring instrument is a single-bucket monitor. However, because the single-bucket monitor needs to be emptied after it is full before it can continue to fill, an intermediate waiting time is introduced. When calculating the total sediment and runoff volume based on the sampling volume and time, the intermediate waiting time can easily lead to discontinuous data collection. Often, interpolation compensation is required after accumulation to obtain a relatively accurate estimate, which introduces a certain degree of error. In addition, since the flow rate and sediment content of the continuously eroded water-sand mixture are uncertain, the full state detected by the weight sensor and the actual full state often have a certain error. For example, the impact force of the water entering the single-bucket monitor will vary with the amount of runoff entering, which will cause a difference in the equilibrium point to some extent. When the impact force is large, the weight sensor will detect an increase in weight, which will lead to an earlier equilibrium time. Conversely, when the impact force is small, the equilibrium time will be delayed, resulting in poor detection accuracy.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN119437983A discloses a measuring device and method for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot. The device includes a sand measuring device, a water measuring device, and a protective cover. The sand measuring device filters and weighs the sediment using a funnel and a scale. The water measuring device accurately calculates the water volume using a double-tipping container and a sensor. The protective cover ensures accurate entry of runoff into the device. The device is also equipped with a leveling system to ensure measurement accuracy. The measurement method consists of two steps: pre-work preparation and workflow. First, a suitable location is selected for placing the device and leveling it. Then, the sediment and water generated in the runoff plot are monitored. The sediment is separated using a funnel and its weight is measured. Simultaneously, the water volume is calculated using the double-tipping container and a sensor. Finally, the runoff is drained through a drainage system, completing the monitoring process. The aforementioned soil erosion monitoring measuring device and its measuring method utilize a double-flipping container and sensors to calculate water volume, which can effectively overcome the problem of discontinuous single-bucket collection. However, since both buckets are continuously in a water-filling state, water surface fluctuations make it difficult to determine the full state of the buckets. Furthermore, since the impact force of the incoming water varies with the amount of runoff entering, it is difficult to distinguish the magnitude of the impact force of the incoming water when weighing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device, which can effectively avoid judging the full state of the bucket, and also effectively overcome the influence of the impact of water inflow on weighing, and has the characteristics of automatic continuous sampling and continuous weighing.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] This invention provides a multi-hopper soil erosion monitoring device, comprising two or more sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, two or more sets of weighing mechanisms, sampling tubes, and a switching mechanism. Each set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms includes a main hopper for collecting flow and an auxiliary hopper for collecting overflow. The upper part of the main hopper is provided with an overflow port, which is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper. The outlet end of the overflow port is located above the auxiliary hopper. When the main hopper is full, the eroded water and sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper. The weighing mechanism is connected to the pourable liquid-holding mechanism and is used to detect the weight change of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism. The sampling tube is used to transport the sampled eroded water and sand mixture to the pourable liquid-holding mechanism. The switching mechanism is used to change the position of the sample outlet, which is located at the end of the sampling tube. The switching mechanism drives the sample outlet to alternately add the eroded water and sand mixture to the main hoppers of different sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention includes a control host, wherein the control host outputs a switching control command to control the switching mechanism to drive the sample outlet to switch positions, and the control host outputs a tipping control command to control two or more sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms to alternately or in turn tilt. The control host is electrically connected to the switching mechanism and the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a flow sensor is installed on the overflow port pipe. When the sample outlet injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper of a certain group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms, the detection value of the weighing mechanism will change with the injection volume of the erosion water-sand mixture. If the flow sensor detects a continuous flow value after a period of injection, the control host determines that the main hopper is full. The control host sends the switching control command to control the switching mechanism to switch the sample outlet to the next group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that when the control host determines that the main bucket is full, the control host performs a delay operation according to a preset time, and after the delay operation is completed, sends the tipping control command to the next tilting liquid holding mechanism. During the preset time, the tilting liquid holding mechanism with a full bucket is in a static state.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the control host calculates the sediment content of each group of erosion water-sand mixtures, and the formula for calculating the sediment content is as follows:

[0012] Sediment content x = M - ρV / V

[0013] Total mass of eroded water and sediment M = Mass of main bucket mixture + Mass of auxiliary bucket mixture

[0014] Total volume of eroded water and sediment V = Main bucket full volume + Auxiliary bucket calculated volume

[0015] ρ is the density of water;

[0016] The full volume of the main bucket refers to the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket when it is full;

[0017] The calculated volume of the auxiliary hopper refers to the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper calculated by the control host after the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism has settled.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the tiltable liquid holding mechanism further includes a tilting main shaft, a first type of driver and a bracket. The two ends of the tilting main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the bracket respectively. The main bucket and the auxiliary bucket are both fixed on the tilting main shaft. The opening of the main bucket and the opening of the auxiliary bucket face the same direction. The power output end of the first type of driver is connected to the tilting main shaft.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the pourable liquid holding mechanism further includes a positioner, a part of which is fixed on the fixed arm of the hanger, and the pin of the positioner is adapted to the limiting recess on the main hopper.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the transposition mechanism includes a transposition turntable, a communicating vessel, and a second type of driver. The power output end of the second type of driver is connected to the middle part of the transposition turntable. The communicating vessel is located at the edge of the transposition turntable. The sample outlet is fixed at the lower end of the communicating vessel. The upper end of the communicating vessel is connected to the end of the sampling tube.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention includes an outer casing, on the inner wall of which a liquid level sensor is provided. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level height h of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper. The control host calculates the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper based on the liquid level height h.

[0022] This invention provides a multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring method for use in the aforementioned multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring method is implemented according to the following steps:

[0023] S00: The sampling tube injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper of the current group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms.

[0024] S10: The weighing mechanism corresponding to the current group detects the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism in real time. When the injected erosion water-sand mixture increases to the point where the flow sensor at the overflow port detects a continuous flow value, the injection stops. The control host determines that the main bucket of the current group is in a full state.

[0025] S20: The control host sends a switching control command to control the switching mechanism to switch the sample outlet to the main bucket of the next group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms, and the control host waits for a preset time before sending the tipping control command to cause the pourable liquid holding mechanism of the current group to flip over, thereby pouring out the erosion water and sand mixture in the current group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms and automatically resetting after pouring.

[0026] S30: The sampling tube injects the eroded water-sand mixture into the main bucket of the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms. The control host controls the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms to repeat the operation of steps S10 to S20 until the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms completes the pouring and resetting.

[0027] S40: Repeat the above operation until the last set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms has completed pouring and resetting.

[0028] S50: After all groups have completed the pouring and resetting of the pourable liquid holding mechanism, the cycle starts again from the first group until the continuous sampling of the erosion water-sand mixture that is flowing uninterruptedly is completed.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided by this invention is equipped with two or more sets of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms for holding eroded water and sediment mixtures. These mechanisms can work alternately according to the inflow rate, thereby achieving continuous automatic sampling and weighing of the eroded water and sediment mixture. Each set of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms includes a main bucket and an auxiliary bucket. When the main bucket is full, excess eroded water and sediment mixture flows into the auxiliary bucket. This effectively avoids the influence of impact force or weighing sensor lag on the actual full bucket state. Excess water after the main bucket is full is collected through the auxiliary bucket, and the data collected from both the main and auxiliary buckets are then incorporated into the calculation, eliminating the need to determine the full bucket state before pouring. Furthermore, since the auxiliary bucket only overflows when the main bucket is full, the water surface fluctuations caused by the inflow impact can be mitigated through the overflow port, effectively reducing the impact of the inflow impact on weighing. In addition, the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided by this invention, with its switching mechanism, allows the pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms to work alternately, enabling automated continuous sampling and weighing. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 It is provided in Example 1 Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side view of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 4 It is provided in Example 1 Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism provided in Embodiment 2;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a partial side view of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism provided in Embodiment 2.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Tilting liquid holding mechanism; 2. Weighing mechanism; 3. Sampling tube; 4. Positioning mechanism; 11. Main bucket; 12. Auxiliary bucket; 13. Overflow port; 5. Sample outlet; 14. Tilting spindle; 15. Type I actuator; 16. Hanger; 161. Fixed arm; 162. Main crossbeam; 17. Positioner; 41. Positioning turntable; 42. Communicating vessel; 43. Type II actuator; 7. Outer casing; 8. Liquid outlet; 9. Flow sensor; 10. Liquid level sensor; 171. Push rod motor; 111. Limiting recess; 21. Weight sensor; 22. Weighing bracket; 61. Main bucket spindle; 62. Main bucket actuator; 63. Main bucket hanger; 64. Auxiliary bucket spindle; 65. Auxiliary bucket actuator; 66. Auxiliary bucket hanger; 163. Clearance groove. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment includes two or more sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, two or more sets of weighing mechanisms 2, sampling tubes 3, and a transposition mechanism 4. The pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 can be fixed as a whole below the weighing mechanism 2. Specifically, the hanger 16 of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the weighing mechanism 2. Each set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 includes a main bucket 11 for collecting flow and an auxiliary bucket 12 for collecting overflow. The main bucket 11 is the main device for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, that is, for collecting flow. The auxiliary bucket 12 is used to collect the eroded water and sand mixture overflowing from the main bucket 11, that is, for collecting overflow. Considering the different functions of the two and to save bucket material, the volume of the auxiliary bucket 12 is usually smaller than the volume of the main bucket 11. Preferably, the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 can correspond one-to-one with the weighing mechanism 2, that is, the weighing mechanism 2 weighs the entire pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. This is mainly because when calculating the sand content, the total mass is the main consideration, and there is no need to calculate the weight of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 separately. An overflow port 13 is provided at the upper part of the main hopper 11, and the overflow port 13 is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper 11. The liquid outlet of the overflow port 13 is located above the auxiliary hopper 12. When the main hopper 11 is full, the erosion water and sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper 12. When the main hopper 11 is full, the excess erosion water and sand mixture can flow into the auxiliary hopper 12. This effectively avoids the influence of the impact force of the erosion water and sand mixture or the lag of the weighing mechanism 2 on the actual full state. Because in this embodiment, the excess erosion water and sand mixture after the main hopper 11 is full is collected through the auxiliary hopper 12, and then the collected data of the main hopper 11 and the auxiliary hopper 12 are uniformly included in the calculation, avoiding the problem that the pourable liquid holding mechanism needs to judge the full state before pouring. It only needs to ensure that the main hopper 11 is full and overflows. Since the flow sensor 9 usually judges the hopper to be full when the detected flow value is relatively stable, the weighing machine obviously... Structure 2 is usually delayed, meaning that when the data detected by the weighing mechanism 2 remains unchanged, a portion of the erosion water and sand mixture has already flowed into the auxiliary hopper 12. Furthermore, since the main hopper 11 only overflows into the auxiliary hopper 12 after it is full, the water surface fluctuations caused by the impact of the injected erosion water and sand mixture can be mitigated by flowing into the overflow port 13, thus effectively mitigating the impact of the incoming water impact on the weighing. In particular, when the injection of erosion water and sand mixture into the main hopper 11 stops, the drainage from the overflow port 13 will be relatively delayed, and the liquid level in the main hopper 11 will drop slightly as it enters a static state. At this time, the excess erosion water and sand mixture in the main hopper 11 will continue to flow into the auxiliary hopper 12 through the overflow port 13 until the liquid level is consistent with the height of the overflow port 13. This effectively ensures that the volume of erosion water and sand mixture in the main hopper 11 is the same or almost the same each time it is full.Weighing mechanism 2 is connected to the entire pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. Weighing mechanism 2 is used to weigh the eroded water-sand mixture inside the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. Weighing mechanism 2 includes a weight sensor 21 and a weighing support 22. The top of weight sensor 21 is connected to the weighing support 22, and the bottom of weight sensor 21 is connected to the hanger 16 of the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1, thereby indirectly detecting the weight changes of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12. In the sand content detection experiment, weighing mechanism 2 does not need to weigh the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket separately. The total weight of the erosion water-sand mixture can be obtained by detecting the weight change of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12, rather than separately weighing the erosion water-sand mixture in each bucket. Of course, two weighing mechanisms 2 can be set up, and the two weighing mechanisms 2 can weigh the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 respectively, and then add the two weights to obtain the total weight. The same effect as this embodiment can be achieved. This application does not limit the method of weighing the total weight. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment also includes a sampling tube 3 and a switching mechanism 4. The sampling tube 3 is used to transport the sampled erosion water-sand mixture to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The switching mechanism 4 is used to change the position of the sample outlet 5, which is located at the end of the sampling tube 3. The switching mechanism 4 drives the sample outlet 5 to alternately add erosion water-sand mixture to the main bucket 11 of different sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. Through the switching mechanism 4, two or more sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 can work alternately according to the injection requirements of erosion water-sand mixture. When one pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is in working state, another pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is ready to receive erosion water-sand mixture after pouring, thereby realizing continuous automatic sampling and weighing of erosion water-sand mixture. Although the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment may include two or more sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 for holding erosion water-sand mixture, considering that multiple pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 can work alternately, in actual use, two pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 will be used alternately in most cases.

[0042] To improve the automation level of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device, in a further embodiment, the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment also includes a control host. The control host can be a laboratory computer or the control motherboard of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device. The main function of the control host is to issue control commands to drive the first type of driver 15 and the second type of driver 43 to rotate. The switching control command output by the control host is used to control the switching mechanism 4 to drive the sample outlet 5 to switch positions. The tipping control command output by the control host is used to control two or more sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 to alternate or take turns tipping. The control host is electrically connected to the switching mechanism 4. Specifically, the control host is electrically connected to the second type of driver 43 to drive the sample outlet 5 to switch positions above the main bucket 11 of different tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. The control host is electrically connected to the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1. Specifically, the control host is electrically connected to the first type of driver 15 to drive the tilting main shaft 14 to rotate, thereby driving the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 to rotate and achieve tipping.

[0043] A flow sensor 9 is installed on the pipe of overflow outlet 13. When the sample outlet 5 injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper 11 of a set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 will change with the injection volume of the erosion water-sand mixture. If the flow sensor 9 detects a continuous flow value after a period of injection, the control host determines that the main hopper 11 is full. The control host sends a switching control command to control the switching mechanism 4 to switch the sample outlet 5 to the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. When the main hopper 11 is almost full, the impact force of the erosion water-sand mixture falling from the sample outlet 5 will cause water surface ripples. Even if the bucket is not completely full, the flow sensor 9 may still have a detection value. However, when the flow sensor 9 detects a continuous flow value, that is, when the main bucket 11 is steadily overflowing, the control unit can determine that the main bucket 11 is full. This effectively ensures that the main bucket 11 is full before emptying, which helps improve the accuracy of runoff estimation. At the same time, when the injection of erosion water and sand mixture stops, the main bucket 11 will continue to overflow because the overflow rate of the overflow port 13 is usually less than the injection amount of erosion water and sand mixture, until the overflow stops. At this time, the volume of erosion water and sand mixture in the main bucket 11 is stably controlled at a full state. In the prior art, since there is no auxiliary bucket 12 and overflow port 13 and the flow rate cannot be detected, the injection is usually stopped when the injected erosion water and sand mixture increases to the point where the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 no longer changes. However, the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 is affected by the impact force of the incoming water and can only be roughly stabilized at a certain detection value, resulting in a large detection error.

[0044] To further avoid errors in weighing results caused by the kinetic energy of the erosion water-sand mixture, in a further embodiment, when the control host determines that the main bucket 11 is full, the control host performs a delay operation according to a preset time. After the delay operation is completed, a tipping control command is sent to the next tilting liquid holding mechanism 1. During the preset time, the tilting liquid holding mechanism 1 with a full bucket is in a static state. After the static state is completed, the weighing mechanism 2 weighs the tilting liquid holding mechanism 1. During the static state, the excess erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 will continue to flow into the auxiliary bucket 12 through the overflow port 13 until the liquid level is consistent with the height of the overflow port 13. This can effectively ensure that the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 is the same or almost the same each time it is full. Since this embodiment uses multiple sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, when one tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is full, it can be quickly switched to another tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 for liquid filling through the switching mechanism 4. The current tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 does not need to be immediately reset to receive the erosion water and sand mixture as in the single-bucket detector in the prior art. In order to eliminate the error in the weighing result caused by the kinetic energy of the erosion water and sand mixture, it can be left to stand before weighing, which further improves the accuracy of weighing.

[0045] In order to obtain the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12, in a further embodiment, the control host calculates the sand content of each group of erosion water-sand mixtures. The formula for calculating the sand content is as follows:

[0046] The formula for calculating sand content is as follows:

[0047] Sediment content x = M - ρV / V

[0048] Total mass of eroded water and sediment M = Mass of main bucket mixture + Mass of auxiliary bucket mixture

[0049] Total volume of eroded water and sediment V = Volume of main bucket full V 主 +Auxiliary bucket calculated volume V 辅

[0050] ρ is the density of water;

[0051] The full volume of the main bucket 11 refers to the volume of the eroded water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 when it is full. Since the volume corresponding to a full main bucket 11 is preset during its production, it does not need to be calculated. The calculated volume V of the auxiliary bucket 12... 辅 This refers to the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper 12, calculated by the control host after the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 has settled. 辅 For the auxiliary bucket, calculate the volume V. 辅There are at least two calculation methods. One method is based on sensor detection. A liquid level sensor 10 is set up to detect the liquid level height h of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12. The control host calculates the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12 based on the liquid level height h. Since the total volume and total height H of the auxiliary bucket 12 are also preset, when the current liquid level height h is detected, the ratio can be calculated based on the ratio between the liquid level height h and the total height H, and then multiplied by the total volume V of the auxiliary bucket. 总 This allows us to calculate the auxiliary bucket's calculated volume V. 辅 Another method is through linear fitting. The time difference between each detection of the full container by the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is not large. At this time, it is assumed that the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is full by assuming that the flow sensor 9 has a detection value, without considering the impact force of water. Then, after the two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 take data alternately and perform linear fitting multiple times, the relationship between the total mass and the total volume can be deduced through the linear relationship between the full container volume and the full container mass. Thus, the total volume V of eroded water and sand can be calculated through the final total mass M of eroded water and sand.

[0052] The pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 also includes a tilting main shaft 14, a first type of actuator 15, and a bracket 16. The bracket 16 includes a main crossbeam 162 and two fixed arms 161. The top ends of the two fixed arms 161 are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the main crossbeam 162, forming a rectangular frame with an open bottom. The two ends of the tilting main shaft 14 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the bracket 16. Specifically, one end of the tilting main shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the first fixed arm 161 via a bearing, and the other end of the tilting main shaft 14 passes through the bottom end of the other fixed arm 161 and connects to the first type of actuator. The power output end of the device 15 is connected. The first type of driver 15 can be configured as a geared motor or a drive system composed of a motor and a reducer. The first type of driver 15 is fixed on the outer wall of another fixed arm 161. The main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are both fixed on the tilting main shaft 14. The opening of the main bucket 11 and the opening of the auxiliary bucket 12 face the same direction. The power output end of the first type of driver 15 is connected to the tilting main shaft 14. When the first type of driver 15 receives the tilting control command from the control host, it drives the tilting main shaft 14 to rotate. The main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 will follow the tilting main shaft 14 to rotate and achieve the tilting.

[0053] To improve the stability of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 during the injection of erosion water-sand mixture, the mechanism further includes a positioner 17. The positioner 17 includes a push rod motor 171 and a limiting recess 111. The push rod motor 171 is fixed to the fixed arm 161 of the hanger 16, and the limiting recess 111 is fixed to the main bucket 11. The pin at the end of the push rod motor 171 is adapted to the limiting recess 111. When the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 returns to its original position, the push rod motor 171 inserts the pin into the limiting recess 111 to prevent the mechanism from shaking. The positioner 17 effectively improves the stability of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1.

[0054] To achieve the repositioning of sample outlet 5, the repositioning mechanism 4 further includes a repositioning turntable 41, a communicating vessel 42, and a second type of driver 43. The communicating vessel 42 is used to connect the sampling tube 3 and the sample outlet 5. The second type of driver 43 can also be configured as a geared motor or a drive system composed of a motor and a reducer. The power output end of the second type of driver 43 is connected to the middle of the repositioning turntable 41. The communicating vessel 42 is located at the edge of the repositioning turntable 41. The repositioning turntable 41 is circular. When the second type of driver 43 drives the repositioning turntable 41 to rotate, it will drive the communicating vessel 42 at the edge of the repositioning turntable 41 to change position, thereby enabling the communicating vessel 42 to switch between different pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. The sample outlet 5 is fixed at the lower end of the communicating vessel 42, and the upper end of the communicating vessel 42 is connected to the end of the sampling tube 3, so that the erosion water-sand mixture injected into the sampling tube 3 can be switched between different pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. More preferably, a solenoid valve can be provided on the communicating vessel 42. The solenoid valve is used to open and close the communicating vessel 42. When the switching mechanism 4 switches positions, the communicating vessel 42 can be closed first. If the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment only includes two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1, the main buckets 11 of the two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 should be adjacent to each other. In this way, the switching mechanism 4 can switch the continuously flowing erosion water and sand mixture in time when switching positions.

[0055] The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment also includes an outer box 7. Two or more sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, a part of the weighing mechanism 2, and a part of the transposition mechanism 4 are all located inside the outer box 7. The bottom of the outer box 7 is provided with a liquid outlet 8. The outer box 7 can be used as a container to collect the weighed erosion water and sand mixture. If it is necessary to discharge the erosion water and sand mixture, it can be discharged through the liquid outlet 8. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment also includes an outer casing 7. A liquid level sensor 10 is installed on the inner wall of the outer casing 7 located above the auxiliary bucket 12. The liquid level sensor 10 is configured as a laser liquid level gauge or other sensor for liquid level detection. The liquid level sensor 10 is used to detect the liquid level height h of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12. The control host calculates the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12 based on the liquid level height h. Since the auxiliary bucket 12 is rotating, if the liquid level sensor 10 is directly placed on the auxiliary bucket 12, it will affect the use of the liquid level sensor 10 when the auxiliary bucket 12 is flipped. Therefore, the liquid level sensor 10 is placed on the inner wall of the outer casing 7 and directly facing the middle of the liquid surface in the auxiliary bucket 12. This will not interfere with the use of the auxiliary bucket 12 and can effectively detect the liquid level in the auxiliary bucket 12.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figures 6 to 7 The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment includes two or more sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, two or more sets of weighing mechanisms 2, sampling tubes 3, and a transposition mechanism 4. Each set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 includes a main bucket 11 for collecting the flow and an auxiliary bucket 12 for collecting the overflow. The upper part of the main bucket 11 is provided with an overflow port 13, which is connected to the inner cavity of the main bucket 11. The outlet end of the overflow port 13 is located above the auxiliary bucket 12. When the main bucket 11... After the hopper is full, the erosion water-sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper 12. The weighing mechanism 1 is connected to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The weighing mechanism 2 is used to detect the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism. The sampling tube 3 is used to transport the sampled erosion water-sand mixture to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The switching mechanism 4 is used to change the position of the sample outlet 5, which is located at the end of the sampling tube 3. The switching mechanism 4 drives the sample outlet 5 to alternately add erosion water-sand mixture to the main hopper 11 of different groups of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that:

[0058] The main bucket 11 and auxiliary bucket 12 of the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 each have an independent weighing mechanism 2, that is, the weighing mechanism 2 includes a main bucket weighing mechanism and an auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism. Correspondingly, the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 includes a main bucket main shaft 61, a main bucket driver 62, a main bucket bracket 63, an auxiliary bucket main shaft 64, an auxiliary bucket driver 65, and an auxiliary bucket bracket 66. The two ends of the main bucket main shaft 61 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the main bucket bracket 63, respectively. The main bucket 11 is fixed on the main bucket main shaft 61, and the main bucket driver 62 is powered by... The output end is connected to the main bucket shaft 61. The main bucket driver 62 drives the main bucket shaft 61 to rotate, thereby causing the main bucket 11 to flip. The two ends of the auxiliary bucket shaft 64 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the auxiliary bucket bracket 66. The auxiliary bucket 12 is fixed on the auxiliary bucket shaft 64. The power output end of the auxiliary bucket driver 65 is connected to the auxiliary bucket shaft 64. The auxiliary bucket driver 65 drives the auxiliary bucket shaft 64 to rotate, thereby causing the auxiliary bucket 12 to flip. When stationary, the openings of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 face the same direction. When the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are weighed separately using independent main bucket weighing mechanisms and auxiliary bucket weighing mechanisms, the flow sensor 9 and the liquid level sensor 10 can be omitted. When the detection value of the main bucket weighing mechanism no longer changes, the main bucket 11 is considered to be in a full state. Then, combined with the linear fitting method in the embodiment, the total volume V of eroded water and sand can be estimated. In addition, clearance grooves 163 should be provided on both fixed arms 161 located between the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12. When the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are in a static state, the overflow port 13 is located in the clearance groove 163, and the flipping direction can only be along the opening direction of the clearance groove 163, so as to avoid the overflow port 13 being damaged.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This embodiment provides a multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring method for the aforementioned multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device, implemented according to the following steps:

[0061] S00: The sampling tube 3 injects the eroded water-sand mixture into the main hopper 11 of the current group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. For example: The multi-hopper soil erosion monitoring device includes two groups of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. At this time, any group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 can be selected as the current group, and the next group will be the other group.

[0062] S10: The weighing mechanism 2 corresponding to the current group detects the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 in real time. When the injected erosion water-sand mixture increases to the point where the flow sensor 9 at the overflow port 13 detects a continuous flow value, the injection stops. The control host determines that the main bucket 11 of the current group is in a full state. In the prior art, the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 is detected when it no longer changes. This requires the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 to have independent weighing mechanisms, which increases the cost of the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device. Of course, each group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 provided in this application can also use two sets of hangers 16 to hang the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 respectively. Then the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are also independently flipped. For the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 using two sets of hangers 16, it can also be considered to be in a full state when the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 no longer changes.

[0063] S20: When the current group of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 is in a full state, the control host sends a switching control command to control the switching mechanism 4 to switch the sample outlet 5 to the main bucket 11 of the next group of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, that is, another group of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. After waiting for a preset time, the control host sends a tipping control command to make the current group of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 flip over, thereby pouring out the eroded water and sand mixture that is flipping over in the current group of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 and automatically resetting after pouring. That is, the control host performs a delay operation according to the preset time. After the delay operation ends, the tipping control command is sent to the next tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1. During the preset time, the full tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is in a static state. After the static state ends, the weighing mechanism 2 weighs the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1.

[0064] S30: The sampling tube 3 injects the eroded water and sand mixture into the main bucket 11 of the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. The control host controls the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 to repeat the operation of steps S10 to S20 until the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 completes the pouring and resetting. Two or more pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 are usually adjacent to each other. The sampling tube 3 can continuously inject the eroded water and sand mixture during the exchange process, so that the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device provided in this embodiment can continuously sample without interruption.

[0065] S40: Repeat the above operation until the last set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 has completed pouring and resetting. In most cases, only two sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 need to be used alternately to achieve continuous sampling. However, considering that the flow rate of the erosion water-sand mixture is large in some cases, setting up one or more sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 can cope with the problem of large flow rate or insufficient settling time.

[0066] S50: After all groups have completed the pouring and resetting of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1, the cycle restarts from the first group until the continuous sampling of the uninterrupted flowing erosion water-sand mixture is completed. In actual calculations, the sampling cycle can be reasonably designed, and then the sediment concentration can be calculated based on the sampling results of one cycle.

[0067] This invention has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims are also within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device, characterized in that, include: Two or more sets of pourable liquid collection mechanisms for holding erosion water and sand mixtures, each set of the pourable liquid collection mechanism includes a main hopper for collecting the flow and an auxiliary hopper for collecting the overflow. The upper part of the main hopper is provided with an overflow port, which is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper. The liquid outlet of the overflow port is located above the auxiliary hopper. When the main hopper is full, the erosion water and sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper. Two or more weighing mechanisms are connected to the pourable liquid holding mechanism, and the weighing mechanisms are used to detect the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism. A sampling tube, used to transport the sampled erosion water-sand mixture to the pourable liquid holding mechanism; A switching mechanism is used to change the position of the sample outlet, which is located at the end of the sampling tube. The switching mechanism drives the sample outlet to alternately add the erosion water-sand mixture to the main hopper of different sets of the pourable liquid holding mechanism.

2. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control host, the control host outputs a position control command to control the position control mechanism to drive the sample outlet to position, and the control host outputs a tipping control command to control two or more sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms to tilt alternately or in turn. The control host is electrically connected to the switching mechanism; The control host is electrically connected to the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism.

3. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flow sensor is installed on the pipe of the overflow outlet; When the sample outlet injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper of a set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms, the detection value of the weighing mechanism will change with the injection volume of the erosion water-sand mixture. If the flow sensor detects a continuous flow value after a period of injection, the control host determines that the main hopper is full, and the control host sends the switching control command to control the switching mechanism to switch the sample outlet to the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms.

4. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the control host determines that the main bucket is full, the control host performs a delay operation according to a preset time. After the delay operation is completed, the tipping control command is sent to the next tilting liquid holding mechanism. During the preset time, the tilting liquid holding mechanism with a full bucket is in a static state.

5. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control host calculates the sand content of each group of erosion water-sand mixtures; The formula for calculating sand content is as follows: Sediment content x = M - ρV / V Total mass of eroded water and sediment M = Mass of main bucket mixture + Mass of auxiliary bucket mixture Total volume of eroded water and sediment V = Main bucket full volume + Auxiliary bucket calculated volume ρ is the density of water; The full volume of the main bucket refers to the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket when it is full; The calculated volume of the auxiliary hopper refers to the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper calculated by the control host after the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism has settled.

6. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism also includes a tilting spindle, a first type of actuator, and a hanger; The two ends of the rotating main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the bracket, respectively. Both the main bucket and the auxiliary bucket are fixed on the tilting main shaft; The opening of the main bucket faces the same direction as the opening of the auxiliary bucket; The power output end of the first type of driver is connected to the rotating spindle.

7. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism also includes a positioner; A portion of the locator is fixed to the fixing arm of the hanger; The pin of the locator is adapted to the limiting recess on the main bucket.

8. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transposition mechanism includes a transposition turntable, a communicating vessel, and a second type of actuator; The power output end of the second type of driver is connected to the middle of the transposition turntable; The communicating vessel is located at the edge of the transposition turntable, the sample outlet is fixed at the lower end of the communicating vessel, and the upper end of the communicating vessel is connected to the end of the sampling tube.

9. The multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the outer casing; A liquid level sensor is installed on the inner wall of the outer casing located above the auxiliary bucket. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level height h of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket.

10. A method for monitoring multi-bucket soil erosion, used in the multi-bucket soil erosion monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Follow these steps: S00: The sampling tube injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper of the current group of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms; S10: The weighing mechanism corresponding to the current group detects the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism in real time. When the injected erosion water-sand mixture increases to the point where the flow sensor at the overflow port detects a continuous flow value, the injection stops. The control host determines that the main bucket of the current group is in a full state. S20: The control host sends a switching control command to control the switching mechanism to switch the sample outlet to the main bucket of the next group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms, and the control host waits for a preset time before sending the tipping control command to cause the current group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms to flip over, thereby pouring out the erosion water and sand mixture in the current group of pourable liquid holding mechanisms and automatically resetting after pouring. S30: The sampling tube injects the eroded water-sand mixture into the main bucket of the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms. The control host controls the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms to repeat the operation of steps S10 to S20 until the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms completes the pouring and resetting. S40: Repeat the above operation until the last set of the pourable liquid-holding mechanisms has completed pouring and resetting; S50: After all groups have completed the pouring and resetting of the pourable liquid holding mechanism, the cycle starts again from the first group until the continuous sampling of the erosion water-sand mixture that is flowing uninterruptedly is completed.

Images