A dual-function soil dispersibility on-site rapid identification device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation, and provides a dual-function soil body dispersibility on-site rapid identification device, which comprises a portable box body, a fragment test module, a pinhole test module and a water supply system integrated in the portable box body. The fragment test module is provided with a rapid sampling device and a quantitative monitoring system, which is used for soaking standard soil blocks and quantitatively analyzing the disintegration process thereof; the pinhole test module is designed to be small-sized, adopts a sampling-test integrated transparent pressure-resistant acrylic tube, and effectively simulates the scouring effect of water flow on the compacted soil sample through adjustable constant-pressure water supply and effluent turbidity monitoring. The application integrates the functions of the fragment test and the pinhole test, realizes rapid, quantitative and comprehensive identification of soil body dispersibility on site, overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional method, such as long time consumption, heavy equipment, strong subjectivity and inconvenience of on-site implementation, and is particularly suitable for field geological investigation of water conservancy, transportation and other projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation technology, and in particular relates to a dual-function on-site rapid identification device for soil dispersion. Background Technology

[0002] Dispersible soil is a special type of soil in which the interparticle bonding force is greatly reduced and the repulsive force between soil particles becomes dominant in water bodies with low salinity, leading to its rapid disintegration and instability. Engineering projects such as hydraulic dams and roadbed slopes constructed with this type of soil are highly susceptible to piping, gully erosion, and even instability and failure under the influence of rainwater or seepage. Therefore, accurate identification of soil dispersibility is crucial.

[0003] Currently, the widely used identification methods both domestically and internationally are mainly based on American ASTM standards or Chinese water conservancy industry regulations. Classic methods include fragment tests, pinhole tests, dual hydrometer tests, and soluble cation tests in pore water. Among these, fragment tests have simple equipment but the qualitative results are subjective; pinhole tests are considered the core determination method, and the results are relatively reliable, but their traditional equipment has significant drawbacks: the entire set of equipment (including pinhole equipment, multi-stage head devices, circulating water systems, etc.) is bulky and cumbersome, requiring a stable laboratory environment. Chemical testing methods such as dual hydrometers are complex in process, require highly specialized operators, cannot be performed directly on-site, and the preparation and process are time-consuming (usually several hours to several days).

[0004] Current technology presents a significant challenge: the spatial distribution of dispersed soils exhibits extreme variability, undisturbed soil samples required for laboratory testing are easily disturbed during transportation, and the limited number of sampling points cannot adequately represent the actual conditions of the entire site. Therefore, there is an urgent need for equipment on engineering sites capable of rapidly, accurately, and comprehensively screening and identifying soil dispersion to guide sampling locations, quickly assess engineering risks, and gain time for subsequent remediation. However, the current market lacks rapid on-site identification equipment that integrates multiple identification methods, achieves miniaturization, ease of operation, and quantitative results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-function on-site rapid identification device for soil dispersibility, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: it includes a portable case for storing various experimental instruments, and further includes:

[0007] The fragmentation test module includes a fragment sampler for acquiring standard samples and a disintegration cup for dissolving standard samples. A reference object is placed at the center of the bottom of the disintegration cup for quantitatively recording the disintegration characteristics and mist suspension range of the standard samples.

[0008] The pinhole test module includes an acrylic tube, a water injection head, a sponge sheet, a water inlet sheet, a sample pusher, a steel needle, a blade, a turbidimeter, and a measuring cylinder. One end of the acrylic tube is a cutting edge for sampling, and the other end is a water injection end for installing the water injection head. The acrylic tube has an inner annular groove. The side of the inner annular groove near the cutting edge is used to install the water inlet sheet, and the side of the inner annular groove near the water injection end is used to install the sponge sheet. The center of the water inlet sheet has a hole to match the steel needle. The sample pusher is used to push the sample out of the acrylic tube. The blade is used to cut the sample after the test. The measuring cylinder is used to collect the effluent from the acrylic tube and record the flow rate. The turbidimeter is used to analyze the turbidity of the effluent in real time.

[0009] A water supply system, which is connected to a water injection head, is used to supply water to the water injection head.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the pinhole test module also includes a platform for placing the acrylic tube.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the outer shell of the portable case is made of high-strength plastic material, and the interior is lined with custom foam padding.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the water supply system includes a water tank and an adjustable platform for placing the water tank, the water tank being connected to the water inlet head via a hose.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the portable case also includes a turbidimeter charging head and a user manual.

[0014] The present invention provides a dual-function rapid on-site identification device for soil dispersibility, the beneficial effects of which are as follows:

[0015] (1) Achieve objective and quantitative analysis of fragmentation test: Through standardized sampling and quantitative reference system, realize dynamic monitoring and quantitative calculation of disintegration process;

[0016] (2) On-site testing is achieved through miniaturized design of pinhole test: a simple constant head water supply system and integrated turbidity monitoring are adopted to realize the on-site application of pinhole test;

[0017] (3) Portable and rapid identification through highly integrated design: The dual test modules, water supply system and control unit are integrated into the portable case, which overcomes the problem of bulky traditional equipment and realizes on-site in-situ testing;

[0018] (4) Improve the reliability of identification through dual-test linkage verification mechanism: combine the characteristics of static water disintegration and dynamic water erosion, conduct parallel testing and joint analysis to avoid misjudgment by a single method. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the workflow of a dual-function rapid on-site identification device for soil dispersibility provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached diagram: 11. Acrylic tube; 12. Water injection head; 13. Sponge sheet; 14. Water inlet plate; 15. Sample pusher; 16. Steel needle; 17. Blade; 18. Turbidity meter; 19. Measuring cylinder; 20. Platform.

[0022] Adjustable platform 21; hose 22; water tank 23;

[0023] Disintegration cup 31; fragment sampler 32; reference object 33;

[0024] 41. Turbidity meter charging head; 42. Equipment user manual; 43. Portable case. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a portable case 43 for storing various testing instruments, and further includes:

[0028] The fragmentation test module includes a fragment sampler 32 for obtaining standard samples and a disintegration cup 31 for dissolving standard samples. A reference object 33 is set at the center of the bottom of the disintegration cup 31 for quantitatively recording the disintegration characteristics and mist suspension range of the standard samples.

[0029] The pinhole test module includes an acrylic tube 11, a water injection head 12, a sponge sheet 13, a water inlet sheet 14, a sample pusher 15, a steel needle 16, a blade 17, a turbidimeter 18, and a measuring cylinder 19. One end of the acrylic tube 11 is a cutting edge for sampling, and the other end is a water injection end for installing the water injection head 12. The acrylic tube 11 has an inner annular groove. The side of the inner annular groove near the cutting edge is used to install the water inlet sheet 14, and the side of the inner annular groove near the water injection end is used to install the sponge sheet 13. The center of the water inlet sheet 14 has a hole that matches the steel needle 16. The sample pusher 15 is used to push the sample out of the acrylic tube 11. The blade 17 is used to cut the sample after the test. The measuring cylinder 19 is used to collect the effluent from the acrylic tube 11 and record the flow rate. The turbidimeter 18 is used to analyze the turbidity of the effluent in real time.

[0030] A water supply system is connected to the water injection head 12 and is used to supply water to the water injection head 12.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the steps for conducting the fragmentation test are as follows:

[0032] 1) In-situ sampling: Insert the fragment sampler 32 into the soil and extract a 1 cm³ sample. 3 Standard sample;

[0033] 2) Water preparation: Place reference object 33 in the center of the bottom of disintegration cup 31, and pour in purified water up to the 250mL mark;

[0034] 3) Experimental observation: The standard sample was quickly placed in the center of the bottom of the cup and the timer was started. The sample was photographed and recorded from directly above the water surface at 2 min, 1 h and 6 h. The soil block disintegration and cloud diffusion range were quantitatively analyzed, and the dispersibility was determined according to Table 1.

[0035] Table 1. Criteria for evaluating soil dispersibility using the fragment test.

[0036]

[0037] The steps for performing a pinhole test are as follows:

[0038] 1) In-situ sampling: Insert the water inlet plate 14 into the groove on the inner wall of the acrylic tube 11 from the cutting end, quickly insert the cutting end of the acrylic tube 11 downward into the soil, take out the acrylic tube 11 with soil sample, and smooth the soil sample on the end face.

[0039] 2) Pinhole module assembly: Enter from the water injection end, insert the steel needle 16 into the soil sample along the center hole of the water inlet plate 14, and insert it into the soil sample repeatedly to form a stable 1mm hole in the soil sample. Pull out the steel needle 16 and put the sponge plate 13 into the water injection end. Then screw the water injection head 12 into the sealing acrylic tube 11 from the water injection end to complete the pinhole module assembly.

[0040] 3) Water supply system connection: Place the water tank 23 on the adjustable platform 21, connect the water outlet of the water tank 23 to the water inlet head 12 with the hose 22, place the acrylic tube 11 on the platform 20 with the blade end extending beyond the platform 20, and place the measuring cylinder 19 directly below the blade end.

[0041] 4) Variable Head Test: Adjust the height of the adjustable platform 21 to achieve a water head of 50mm. Open the valve of water tank 23. Start timing when water flows out from the cutting edge of acrylic tube 11. After 5 minutes, close the valve of water tank 23 and measure the flow rate and water turbidity. If the water is turbid and the flow rate is greater than 1mL / s, end the test. Otherwise, open the valve of water tank 23 and continue flushing. After 5 minutes, close the valve of water tank 23 and measure the flow rate and water turbidity. If the water is slightly turbid and the flow rate is greater than 0.8mL / s, end the test. If none of the above test conditions are met, adjust the height of the adjustable platform 21 to achieve a water head of 180mm, open the valve of water tank 23, start timing when water flows out from the cutting edge, and close the valve of water tank 23 after 5 minutes. For water tank 23, adjust the height of the adjustable platform 21 to achieve a water head of 380 mm, open the valve of water tank 23, start timing when water flows out of the cutting edge, close the valve of water tank 23 after 5 minutes, and measure the flow rate and water turbidity. If the water is not clear or the flow rate is greater than 1.8 mL / s, the test ends. For water tank 23, adjust the height of the adjustable platform 21 to achieve a water head of 1020 mm, open the valve of water tank 23, start timing when water flows out of the cutting edge, close the valve of water tank 23 after 5 minutes, measure the flow rate and water turbidity, and end the test.

[0042] 5) Hole diameter measurement: Unscrew the water injection head 12, take out the sponge sheet 13, use the sample pusher 15 to enter from the water injection end and push the cylindrical soil sample out from the cutting edge end, and then use the blade 17 to vertically cut the soil sample along the center of the hole, and measure and record the hole diameter.

[0043] 6) Dispersion determination: Based on the combined flow rate, turbidity and pore size data, determine the dispersion level according to Table 2.

[0044] Finally, based on the combined results of the fragmentation test and the pinhole test, the soil dispersion level was determined according to the principle of the most unfavorable conditions.

[0045] Table 2 Standards for evaluating soil dispersibility using pinhole tests

[0046]

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pinhole test module further includes a placement platform 20 for placing the acrylic tube 11.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the height difference provided by the placement platform 20 allows the liquid flowing out of the acrylic tube 11 to drip smoothly into the measuring cylinder 19.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell of the portable case 43 is made of high-strength plastic material, and the interior is lined with custom foam padding, which can quickly store all test equipment.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply system includes a water tank 23 and an adjustable platform 21 for placing the water tank 23. The water tank 23 is connected to the water inlet head 12 via a hose 22.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, during use, the water tank 23 is connected to the hose 22, and the hose 22 is connected to the water injection head 12. Then, the water tank 23 is placed on the adjustable platform 21, and the height of the adjustable platform 21 is raised. By adjusting the height of the adjustable platform 21, multiple test water heads are provided.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the portable case 43 is further provided with a turbidimeter charging head 41 and a device user manual 42. The turbidimeter charging head 41 is used to charge the turbidimeter 18, and the device user manual 42 is used to provide technical guidance to the operator.

[0053] The specific workflow of this device is as follows:

[0054] 1) Preparation stage: Open the portable case 43 and take out each component. Place the adjustable platform 21, the storage platform 20 and the disintegration cup 31 stably. Fix the water tank 23 on the adjustable platform 21, push the water inlet plate 14 into the cutting end of the acrylic tube 11 and fit it tightly against the slot, and place the reference object 33 at the center of the bottom of the disintegration cup 31.

[0055] 2) In-situ sampling stage: Press the fragment sampler 32 and acrylic tube 11 (with the cutting edge facing down) completely into the soil, remove them and smooth the soil-covered end face. Push out the soil sample from the fragment sampler 32 and cut it into 1cm³ cubic standard test blocks.

[0056] 3) Fragmentation test stage: Inject 250mL of water into the disintegration cup 31, put the soil block into the water and start timing, take photos at the specified time points, and record the disintegration status and the range of mist suspension.

[0057] 4) Pinhole Test Stage: Insert the steel needle 16 through the hole in the water inlet plate 14 into the soil sample to form a through channel, then remove it. Push in the sponge plate 13, ensuring it fits snugly against the groove, and screw in the water injection head 12 to complete the sealing assembly. Place the assembly on the platform with the cutting edge suspended 10mm above the ground. Place the measuring cylinder 19 directly below the cutting edge of the acrylic tube 11. Connect the outlet of the water tank 23 to the water injection head 12 via the hose 22 to conduct a variable head flushing test and record the data. After the test, disassemble the hose 22 and the water injection head 12, remove the sponge plate 13, use the sample pusher 15 to push out the soil sample, remove the water inlet plate 14, and cut the soil sample along the center of the pinhole to determine the pore diameter.

[0058] 5) Dispersion identification stage: Based on the combined results of fragment test and pinhole test, the soil dispersion level is determined according to the principle of the most unfavorable conditions.

[0059] 6) Final stage: Clean and wipe all parts, and put them back into the portable case.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-function rapid on-site identification device for soil dispersibility, characterized in that, include: The fragmentation test module includes a fragment sampler for acquiring standard samples and a disintegration cup for dissolving standard samples. A reference object is placed at the center of the bottom of the disintegration cup for quantitatively recording the disintegration characteristics and mist suspension range of the standard samples. The pinhole test module includes an acrylic tube, a water injection head, a sponge sheet, a water inlet sheet, a sample pusher, a steel needle, a blade, a turbidimeter, and a measuring cylinder. One end of the acrylic tube is a cutting edge for sampling, and the other end is a water injection end for installing the water injection head. The acrylic tube has an inner annular groove. The side of the inner annular groove near the cutting edge is used to install the water inlet sheet, and the side of the inner annular groove near the water injection end is used to install the sponge sheet. The center of the water inlet sheet has a hole to match the steel needle. The sample pusher is used to push the sample out of the acrylic tube. The blade is used to cut the sample after the test. The measuring cylinder is used to collect the effluent from the acrylic tube and record the flow rate. The turbidimeter is used to analyze the turbidity of the effluent in real time. A water supply system, which is connected to a water injection head, for supplying water to the water injection head; Portable case, which is used to store various test instruments.

2. The dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pinhole test module also includes a platform for placing acrylic tubes.

3. The dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portable case has a high-strength plastic shell and a custom-made foam lining inside.

4. The dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply system includes a water tank and an adjustable platform for placing the water tank, the water tank being connected to a water inlet head via a hose.

5. The dual-function soil dispersibility rapid on-site identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portable case also contains a turbidimeter charging head and a user manual.

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