Metal mine exploration method based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal mine exploration, and mainly relates to a metal mine exploration method based on an independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemistry technology, which comprises the steps of exploration area selection, independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemistry measurement, geoelectrochemistry foam plastic sample high-precision element analysis test, anomaly interpretation and evaluation, and deep engineering verification. And finally, accurately delineating the ore body. The method mainly solves the prominent problems that an existing conventional exploration method is poor in effectiveness and the like in the shallow coverage area exploration process at present. The method can effectively identify the weak abnormal information of the deep ore body / mineralized body in the covering layer, and carries out the electric enrichment extraction and evaluation, so as to improve the mineral exploration efficiency and the prospecting success rate of the shallow covering area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal mineral exploration technology, and in particular to a method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral resources are a vital material source for national economic development and a crucial material foundation for modernization. With the deepening of geological exploration, surface outcrops and shallow deposits are decreasing year by year, making concealed deposits and overburdened areas the focus of exploration. Independently powered dipole geochemical technology for metallic mineral exploration, as a cutting-edge technology for exploring metallic minerals in overburdened areas, occupies a pivotal position in the field. This method utilizes the electrochemical differences between underground metallic ore bodies and the surrounding medium. An independently powered dipole device is used for electric field excitation and measurement, migrating electrically active ions or various charged elemental aggregates to a carrier material on the receiving electrode. The carrier material is collected and analyzed, and by studying the combination, content distribution, and anomaly characteristics of electrically extracted elements, rapid identification and location of metallic ore bodies can be achieved. In shallow overburdened areas, especially those covered by sedimentary deposits, this method can effectively delineate anomaly areas, providing reliable data support for in-depth exploration of deep ore bodies, thereby aiding in ore body delineation.

[0003] In current practical applications, traditional geochemical exploration methods for metallic minerals are limited in shallow overburden areas, and the use of independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical exploration technology is also gradually revealing significant limitations and technical problems. Specifically, in the process of rapidly identifying and delineating anomalies in shallow overburden areas, existing exploration methods face prominent problems such as operational complexity, poor stability, insufficient standardization, low exploration efficiency, and long exploration cycles. These problems directly lead to poor exploration results, significantly increased exploration costs, and severely restrict the flexibility and accuracy of exploration work. Traditional methods often struggle to identify potential mineralization anomalies when facing large areas with complex geological conditions in shallow overburden areas. Furthermore, existing exploration equipment and technologies exhibit significant differences in adaptability and stability when handling different geological conditions, different mineral types, and different overburden thicknesses, exacerbating the difficulty and uncertainty of exploration work. These problems not only increase exploration costs and risks but may also potentially affect the subsequent delineation of ore bodies. Therefore, to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a metallic mineral exploration method based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal mineral exploration method based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology, which solves the problems of the ineffectiveness of traditional geochemical technology in the process of rapid identification and delineation of anomalies in shallow cover areas, as well as the complexity, poor stability, lack of standardization, low exploration efficiency and long exploration cycle of existing geochemical technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Exploration Area Selection: Based on the results of existing metallogenic belts or mineral clusters, and combined with known mineral deposit data, including detailed information on stratigraphy, structure, and magmatic activity, select favorable mineralization areas in the periphery or shallow overburden of known mineral deposits as further exploration areas; Step 2: Conduct an effectiveness test of the independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical measurement method above known mineral deposits or ore bodies with similar landscape conditions near the selected exploration area, and collect geoelectrochemical foam samples; Step 3: Obtain data through high-precision testing and analysis of the geoelectrochemical foam samples, and conduct research to obtain key information on the effectiveness of the method, such as the distribution and combination patterns of elements and their correspondence with known ore bodies; Step 4: Conduct geoelectrochemical measurements in the selected exploration area. During the general geochemical survey phase, a scale of 1:50,000 can be selected, with a grid size of 500m × 250m to 250m × 250m, i.e., 8–16 points / km². During the detailed geochemical survey phase, a scale of 1:5,000 to 1:25,000 can be selected, with a grid size of 200–250m × 50–100m to 50m × 10–25m, i.e., 40–2,000 points / km². After obtaining high-quality multi-element content test data of geoelectrochemical carrier materials using the developed testing and analysis methods, data interpretation and processing, and geochemical anomaly map compilation are carried out. A comparative study is conducted on the anomaly distribution, intensity, elemental relationships, and key information on validity determined in Step 3. A comprehensive analysis is then performed to determine the mineral-induced anomalies. Step 5: Conduct deep-level prediction and implement engineering verification; Step 6: Delineate the ore body or mineralized body.

[0006] Furthermore, in step one, the system collects the metallogenic geological data for the work to be carried out, and fully collects mineral data from known mining areas; A comprehensive summary of the existing metallogenic geological conditions, geophysical and geochemical anomaly characteristics, deposit scale, ore body depth, ore-controlling structures, ore body extension direction, surface cover type and depth, and prospecting prospects of the mining area was conducted. Existing problems and needs were analyzed, and the peripheral shallow-covered area was comprehensively selected as a further exploration area.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific requirements for collecting electrochemical foam samples above the known deposit or ore body in step two are as follows: sampling points are arranged in a transverse profile manner, the profile line direction must be perpendicular to the strike direction of the ore body or the ore-controlling geological body / structure, the extractor is placed at the predetermined sampling point position, the extraction pit depth must be greater than or equal to 30cm, and the power supply time is controlled by the CHIM-3 type controller to ensure that the extraction time of different sampling points is consistent.

[0008] Furthermore, step three specifically includes: selecting test elements according to different mineral types and target deposit types. The effective element combinations for geoelectrochemical measurements include the following types: gold deposits, copper-nickel sulfide deposits, copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposits, porphyry-skarn type copper deposits, and uranium deposits, etc. Electrochemical foam samples were pretreated using methods such as ashing, microwave digestion, and wet digestion. Sample analysis and testing were conducted using emission spectroscopy, hydride-atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

[0009] Furthermore, test elements are selected according to the type of target deposit. Effective element combinations for geoelectrochemical measurements include, but are not limited to, the following types; Gold mine: Au, Ag, Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, W, Zn, etc.; Copper-nickel sulfide ores: Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ores: Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Porphyry-skarn type copper deposits: Ag, Au, Hg, As, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, U, Mo, Fe, Al, K, La, Ti, etc.; Uranium ore: U, Th, Cu, Pb, Zn, light rare earth elements, Sr, etc.

[0010] Furthermore, step four specifically includes: In the exploration area, area-based geochemical surveys were conducted, and the sampling density was reasonably selected according to different exploration stages and mineral types. Specifically, at a scale of 1:50,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 500m×250m~250×250m; at a scale of 1:25,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 500×250~250×250m; at a scale of 1:10,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 100×20~200×50m; and at a scale of 1:5,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 50×10~25m. During the sample collection process, the surface soil or loose sediments of the sampling point and surrounding area should be observed. The depth of the extraction pit should be determined according to the development degree of the soil or loose sediments and the thickness of the soil layer in the test area, and should not be less than 30cm. Near the designated sampling points, select areas with well-developed soil or loose sediments and no obvious abnormalities in vegetation and cover. Sampling should avoid all kinds of pollution. If there are rock outcrops, waste rock piles, swamps, colluvial deposits, riverbed deposits, etc., sampling is not possible, the points can be discarded, but must be noted in the record. After digging the sampling pit, place the solid carrier type element extractor at the bottom of the pit, and backfill the sampling pit with the excavated soil evenly. During the backfilling process, add the extractant, which is tap water or well water, to evenly moisten the soil in the pit. The type, source, and amount of extractant added to each measuring point in the same area must be consistent.

[0011] Furthermore, step five specifically includes: selecting a suitable anomaly based on its scale, morphology, and elemental combination characteristics; selecting a reasonable drilling process; and conducting drilling engineering verification. Based on the drilling results, the engineering is rationally deployed to trace the ore body.

[0012] Furthermore, the sampling device includes: a CHIM-3 type controller, wires, a positive electrode graphite rod, and a solid carrier type element extractor; During sampling: Connect the solid-carrier elemental extractor to the negative interface of the CHIM-3 controller using a wire, and connect the graphite rod to the positive interface of the CHIM-3 controller using a wire to form an effective electric field. Set the extraction time, test the energization of the device with an ammeter, and record the initial energized current. The extraction time must be consistent at all sampling points in the same area. After the field extraction process is completed, dig out and retrieve the solid-carrier elemental extractor, remove the adsorbent carrier from the extractor, and place the adsorbent carrier into a paper sample bag marked with the sampling point information. When removing the adsorbent carrier, avoid soil contamination of the carrier material. Preserve the carrier material to prevent contamination and send it to the laboratory for analysis and testing.

[0013] Furthermore, the CHIM-3 controller includes a power supply unit and a power supply control unit. The power supply unit provides power to the element extractor and the controller. The power supply control unit controls the power supply process of the power supply unit to the element extractor, including setting the power supply time of the power supply unit, controlling the power supply unit to stop power supply at a set time, pausing the power supply of the power supply unit, and restarting the power supply of the power supply unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the extractor includes: a base (21), a metal sheet (22), a high-purity graphite sheet (23), an adsorption carrier (24), a filter paper (25), a plastic mesh covering it (26), and a top cover (27). The filter paper (25) encapsulates the adsorbent carrier (24); The metal sheet (22), high-purity graphite sheet (23), filter paper (25), and plastic mesh (26) are arranged in order from bottom to top inside the base (21); the top cover (27) covers the base (21); The base (21) has a columnar protrusion (211) at the bottom, and the annular connector of the wire is inserted into the columnar protrusion (211) and fixed to the bottom of the housing (21); The metal sheet (22) is disc-shaped and has a circular hole. The circular hole of the metal sheet (22) is fitted inside the columnar protrusion (211) and forms a connection structure with the wire. The high-purity graphite sheet (23) is disc-shaped and contains a circular hole. The circular hole of the high-purity graphite sheet (23) is fitted into the columnar protrusion (211) and forms a connection structure with the metal sheet (22). The high-purity graphite sheet (23) is connected to the negative terminal interface of the power supply unit through the metal sheet (22) and the wire and conducts electricity, forming an electric field together with the positive terminal graphite rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the extractor has an outer diameter of 8.5 cm, the high-purity graphite sheet has an ash content of less than or equal to 5 mg / kg, the filter paper (25) is a heat-sealed medium-speed tea filter paper, and the adsorption carrier has a density of greater than or equal to 25 g / dm³. 3 The high-density polyurethane foam is then subjected to 5-10% aqua regia (hydrochloric acid to nitric acid ratio of 2:1) for washing and soaking for more than 24 hours indoors.

[0016] This invention offers at least the following advantages: Through systematic data collection and comprehensive analysis, it selects promising mineralized areas in the periphery or shallow overburden of known mineral deposits with exploration potential as further exploration zones, thus improving the targeting of exploration. The improved sampling device is lightweight, convenient, low-cost, easy to operate, highly stable, safe, and efficient, effectively improving exploration effectiveness and fieldwork efficiency. The sampling point layout is reasonable, and the profile point spacing is rationally selected according to different mineral types, ensuring data continuity and representativeness. Test elements are rationally selected for different mineral types, ensuring the relevance and effectiveness of test results. Optimized operating procedures and reduced costs are achieved by completing various preparatory work indoors in advance, optimizing the operating process, reducing field operation time, and improving work efficiency. Equipment integration and optimization, such as integrating the power supply unit and time controller into a CHIM-3 controller, reduces equipment costs. The miniaturized and portable design of the sampling device reduces transportation and carrying difficulties, further reducing operating costs. Moving the acid-related processes indoors eliminates the need to carry hazardous materials in the field, effectively eliminating safety hazards. The sampling device was designed with safety in mind, using high-density polyurethane foam as the adsorption carrier and undergoing blank reduction treatment to improve the accuracy of anomaly identification and reduce the risk of contamination. To enhance the accuracy and reliability of data analysis, the CHIM-3 controller was used to control the working time of the elemental extractors, ensuring consistent extraction times at different points and improving the comparability of extraction results across different extractors. Multiple preprocessing and analytical methods were employed, such as emission spectroscopy, hydride-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the analytical results. Engineering validation has provided reliable data support for the prediction of deep ore bodies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampler structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solid carrier-type element extractor of the present invention; Figure 4 A simplified geological map of the Luokedun silver-lead-zinc polymetallic mining area in Dongwuzhumuqin Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, for the purpose of applying this invention. Figure 5aThis is a geoelectrochemical anomaly map obtained by the present invention in the Lochton mining area; Figure 5b A schematic diagram comparing the distribution of geochemical anomalies in traditional soil measurements; Figure 6 A simplified geological map of the Inner Mongolia Alhada lead-zinc-silver mine area for applying this invention; Figure 7a This is a geoelectrochemical anomaly map obtained by the present invention in the Alhada mining area; Figure 7b A schematic diagram comparing the distribution of geochemical anomalies in traditional soil measurements; In the diagram: 21. Base; 22. Metal sheet; 23. High-purity graphite sheet; 24. Adsorption carrier; 25. Filter paper; 26. Top plastic mesh; 27. Top cover. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] In practice: A method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Exploration Area Selection: Collect geological data of the metallogenic belt to be explored, including detailed information on strata, structure, and magmatic activity. Collect comprehensive mineral data of known mining areas, such as mineral type, grade, ore body morphology, occurrence, and scale. Conduct comprehensive analysis and research, fully consider the current progress of the mining area, analyze existing problems and needs, and through comprehensive analysis and research, select favorable metallogenic areas in the periphery of known deposits or shallow overburden areas with mineralization potential as further exploration areas.

[0021] Step Two: Conduct an effectiveness test of the independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical measurement method within the known mining area, and collect geoelectrochemical samples from the known mining area. Sampling points are arranged in profile form above or around the known ore bodies in the study area. The spacing between profile points is reasonably selected according to different mineral types, ranging from 10-50 meters, to ensure data continuity and representativeness. The latest improved sampling device is used, which has the advantages of being lightweight, convenient, low-cost, easy to operate, safe, and efficient. The main advantages of the sampling device are the integration and optimization of the equipment, the optimization of the operation process, improved safety performance, and reduced equipment and operating costs. During sampling, the extractor is placed in a predetermined position, and the power supply time is controlled by a CHIM-3 controller to ensure that the extraction time of the element extractors at different points is consistent. Step 3: Obtain data through high-precision testing and analysis of the geochemical foam samples, and conduct research to obtain key information on the effectiveness of the method, such as the distribution and combination patterns of elements in the area and their correspondence with known minerals.

[0022] Step Four: Based on the conclusions of Steps One, Two, and Three, conduct geoelectrochemical measurements in the ore deposit area and its surrounding shallow overburden area. Sampling points are deployed at different densities depending on the exploration objectives, ranging from 500m × 500m (1:50000) to 20m × 10m (1:2000). After obtaining high-quality test data through testing and analysis, data interpretation and mapping are carried out. Surface-deep comparative studies are conducted, and comprehensive analysis is used to determine mineral-induced anomalies.

[0023] Step 5: Conduct deep-level prediction and implement engineering verification.

[0024] Step Six: Delineate the ore body or mineralized body; The preferred method is the independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical measurement method, which involves conducting area-based geoelectrochemical measurements in the ore deposit area and its surrounding shallow overburden area. The sampling density is reasonably selected according to different mineral types, such as collecting samples at a grid size of 250×250 meters at a scale of 1:50000 and at a grid size of 100×50 meters at a scale of 1:10000, to ensure the continuity and representativeness of sample collection and provide reliable data for subsequent analysis.

[0025] The preferred independent-powered dipole electrochemical device offers advantages such as low cost, greater portability, ease of operation, and high safety and efficiency. Its main advantages are: 1) Equipment integration and optimization: Various disparate components are integrated into a single device, and the extractor is optimized into a lighter, smaller unit; 2) Optimized operating procedures: All preparatory work is completed indoors in advance, and details are optimized for convenient operation, effectively improving work efficiency; 3) Enhanced safety performance: All steps involving acid use are moved indoors, eliminating the need to carry hazardous materials in the field and effectively eliminating safety hazards; 4) Reduced equipment and operating costs.

[0026] Preferably, the selection of test elements should be based on different mineral types to ensure the relevance and effectiveness of the test results. Test elements should be selected according to the target deposit type; effective element combinations for geoelectrochemical measurements include, but are not limited to, the following types.

[0027] Gold mine: Au, Ag, Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn,, Ti, W, Zn, etc.; Copper-nickel sulfide ores: Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Copper-zinc polymetallic ores: Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Porphyry-skarn type copper deposits: including Ag, Au, Hg, As, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, U, Mo, Fe, Al, K, La, Ti, etc.; Uranium ore: containing U, Th, Cu, Pb, Zn, light rare earth elements, Sr, etc.

[0028] Preferred sample pretreatment methods: (1) Before field construction, A. the solid adsorbent carrier should be processed to the size that matches the geoelectrochemical extraction device used. B. The solid adsorbent carrier must be subjected to blank treatment with acid or other chemical reagents, and 5% to 10% aqua regia (hydrochloric acid to nitric acid ratio of 2:1) should be used for rubbing and soaking for more than 24 hours. C. The treated adsorbent carrier should be stored in a clean container for field use. (2) Pretreatment after field sample collection: A. Ashing method: Using a balance with an accuracy of 0.01% or higher, the geoelectrochemical foamed sample collected in the field is weighed and divided into four equal parts along the diameter direction. To make the sample more representative, two parts in the diagonal direction are taken as test samples for ashing. The test samples are weighed and the remaining part is kept as a secondary sample. Tightly roll the foam plastic for analysis and testing, and place it in a quartz crucible (the volume of the quartz crucible should be greater than or equal to 30 ml); add 2 drops of anhydrous ethanol, place it on an electrical circuit for carbonization, and allow it to cool naturally after carbonization is complete; place it in a muffle furnace, and raise the temperature of the muffle furnace from room temperature to 520-530℃, maintaining it for 2 hours (opening the furnace door twice during the process to supply oxygen, ensuring complete ignition). After cooling, add a small amount of deionized water to moisten the residue; add 6 mL of freshly prepared aqua regia; dissolve the residue on a hot plate at low temperature, evaporate to near dryness, and cool slightly; add 2 mL of aqua regia and a small amount of deionized water to dissolve the residue until the solution is clear; transfer it to a colorimetric tube and dilute to 20 mL; determine the elemental content using an instrument. B. Microwave digestion method: Use a balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g or higher to weigh the geoelectrochemical foam plastic sample collected in the field, and cut 0.1 g from multiple points on the foam plastic sample as the analytical test sample. Place the analytical sample in a dedicated microwave digestion tube, accurately add 5.0 mL of nitric acid and 1.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide, and seal tightly; soak at room temperature for 12 hours; then place in a microwave digester for 1 hour; remove, cool, and transfer to a colorimetric tube, and dilute to 10.0 mL; determine the elemental content using an instrument. C. Wet digestion method: Using a balance with an accuracy of 0.01% or higher, weigh the field-collected geoelectrochemical foamed sample, divide it into four equal parts along the diameter, and to make the sample more representative, take two diagonally opposite parts as the test sample, weigh them, and place them in an Erlenmeyer flask. Add 40 mL of nitric acid and 6 mL of perchloric acid per gram of foamed sample according to the ratio; let stand for at least 12 hours, then heat on a low-temperature hot plate until dry; cool at room temperature, add 10 mL of aqua regia; continue heating on the hot plate for 5 minutes until the solution is clear, then remove; cool, transfer to a 25 mL colorimetric tube, add deionized water to dissolve, and shake well; determine the elemental content using an instrument.

[0029] Preferably, the selection of testing methods should be based on different mining areas, different mineral types, and different types of samples. Supporting methods such as inter-infrared emission spectrometry (ICP-MS), hydride-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (ICP-AES), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (AFS) should be used to conduct sample analysis and testing to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the analysis results.

[0030]

[0031] Example 1: 1:50,000 scale electrochemical measurement experiment in the Luokedun lead-zinc polymetallic mining area of ​​Inner Mongolia The Luokedun aeolian sandstone shallow-covered lead-zinc polymetallic mining area in Inner Mongolia covers approximately 40 km². 2 Electrochemical surveys at a scale of 1:50,000 were conducted within the area. The Luokedun mining area is located in Dongwuzhumuqin Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Geotectonically, it is situated in the accretionary zone on the southeastern edge of the Siberian Plate, within the Tianshan-Inner Mongolia geosyncline fold system, the middle-stage Hercynian fold belt of Inner Mongolia, the northern wing of the Erlian-Dongwuqi complex anticline, and the northeastern end of the Erenggobi complex syncline. It belongs to the Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tin, and chromium (molybdenum) mineralization area of ​​Inner Mongolia-Xinganling, extending in a NE direction, which is basically consistent with the direction of the regional tectonic line. The Quaternary system covers a large area, with the lower section (D2t) of the Middle Devonian Tarbagte Formation (NE-trending) and the Upper Jurassic Manketou'ebo Formation (J3mk) exposed in the southwestern part of the mining area. The lower section of the Devonian Tarbagte Formation is the most widely distributed among the exposed strata and is the direct host rock associated with mineralization, consisting of metamorphic siltstone and muscovite-quartz schist. The Pliocene strata of the Neogene are only found in boreholes and shallow wells, and are the most widely distributed within the mining area, but are not exposed at the surface. Figure 4 As shown. All discovered ore bodies in the area are concealed deposits, generally trending NE 20°–60°, dipping NW at 50°–70°, with lead-zinc ore being the dominant type. The area contains NW-trending and NE-trending faults, en echelon faults, and a ring-shaped fault structure in the southwest. 1:10,000 scale soil geochemical and geophysical induced polarization (IPP) gradient measurements were conducted. Based on geophysical and geochemical anomalies, 25 concealed ore bodies and mineralized bodies were delineated through drilling. At the time of the work, the deposit was in the exploration stage, with no mining area pollution. The terrain was relatively flat, with few rock outcrops. Over 95% of the surface was covered by humus, aeolian sand, gravel, lacustrine deposits, alluvial deposits, and residual slope deposits, with a thickness varying from 1 to 70 m, which significantly limited conventional exploration work and made geochemical surveys more suitable.

[0032] A total of 542 electrochemical foam plastic samples were collected. After pretreatment by ashing, the contents of 20 elements, including Au, Ag, Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Ti, U, and Zn, were analyzed simultaneously.

[0033] .

[0034] Analysis suggests that 1) geoelectrochemical measurements (such as...) Figure 5a(As shown) The multi-element anomalies delineated (Pb-Zn-Ag-As-Bi-Cd, etc.) are consistent with the main and associated element combinations of known ore bodies in the test area. For example, geoelectrochemical multi-element anomalies were found in the aeolian sand-covered area in the northwest of the work area. The anomalies were large in scale and intensity, with good elemental correlation, and the location of the anomalies was consistent with the spatial distribution of the ore-bearing boreholes. 2) Soil measurements (such as...) Figure 5b As shown, the anomaly is distributed in a dotted pattern, appearing only in the area where residual soil is exposed on the small hill. The anomaly's range, contrast, and continuity are far inferior to those measured by geoelectrochemical surveys. Drilling was conducted at the northwest corner anomaly, revealing a 6-meter-thick Ag and Cu rich ore body at a depth of over 540 meters. The ore body has a grade of Ag 53–340 g / t and Cu 0.57%, representing a breakthrough in mineral exploration.

[0035] Examples show that by conducting 1:50,000 geochemical measurements, prospecting target areas can be effectively delineated in shallowly covered aeolian sand areas, serving prospecting work. This method should be promoted and applied in mineral exploration.

[0036] Example 2 1:50,000 scale electrochemical measurement experiment at the Alhada lead-zinc-silver mine in Inner Mongolia The Arhada lead-zinc-silver mine in Inner Mongolia is tectonically located within the Dongwuqi fold bundle, northeast of the Inner Mongolia-Xingan fold system and the Dongwuqi-Erlianhot complex anticline. It lies within the eastern segment of the Xilinhot-Dongwuqi polymetallic metallogenic belt of the Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tin, and chromium (molybdenum) metallogenic region of the Inner Mongolia-Xinganling Mountains. The exposed strata in the Arhada lead-zinc-silver mine are mainly the Upper Devonian Angeryinwula Formation (D3a), the Upper Jurassic Bulagenhada Formation (J3b), the Pliocene (N2) of the Tertiary, and the Quaternary (Q). The mine is located on the southeastern limb of the Erren-Gaobi complex syncline, with well-developed folds and faults, exhibiting characteristics of multiple phases of tectonic superposition and modification. The folds generally trend NEE, and the overall location of the mine is roughly on the southern limb of a complex syncline structure. Figure 6 .

[0037] The aeolian sand-bearing area of ​​the Arhada lead-zinc-silver mine in Inner Mongolia is approximately 43 km². 2 Electrochemical measurements at a scale of 1:50,000 were conducted within the area.

[0038] A total of 610 electrochemical foam plastic samples were collected. After pretreatment by ashing, the contents of 20 elements, including Au, Ag, Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Ti, U, and Zn, were analyzed simultaneously.

[0039] Comparative analysis suggests that: 1) Geoelectrochemical measurements (such as...) Figure 7a(As shown) The multi-element anomalies (Pb-Zn-Ag-As-Bi-Cd, etc.) delineated are consistent with the main and associated element combinations of known ore bodies in the test area. For example, geoelectrochemical multi-element anomalies were found in the known ore area in the central part of the work area. The anomalies were large in scale and intensity, with good elemental correlation, and the location of the anomalies was consistent with the spatial distribution range of the ore-bearing boreholes. 2) Soil measurements (such as...) Figure 7b As shown, the anomaly is distributed in a cluster in the known exposed mineral area. The anomaly range is limited, and there is basically no anomaly display in the surrounding area, so it cannot effectively indicate the exploration of minerals in the surrounding area.

[0040] Based on the geochemical anomalies, subsequent drilling verification was carried out in the northeast corner of the mining area, and rich Pb, Zn, and Ag ore bodies were discovered at a depth of more than 600 meters, achieving a breakthrough in mineral exploration.

[0041] Practice has proven that the independent power supply dipole geochemical measurement technology has good effects on deposits such as lead, zinc and silver. It can effectively delineate prospecting target areas in shallowly covered aeolian sandy areas, serving prospecting work and showing high application and promotion prospects as well as economic and social benefits.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Exploration Area Selection: Based on the results of existing metallogenic belts or mineral clusters, and combined with known mineral deposit data, including detailed information on stratigraphy, structure, and magmatic activity, select favorable mineralization areas in the periphery or shallow overburden of known mineral deposits as further exploration areas; Step 2: Conduct an effectiveness test of the independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical measurement method above known mineral deposits or ore bodies with similar landscape conditions near the selected exploration area, and collect geoelectrochemical foam samples; Step 3: Obtain data through high-precision testing and analysis of the geoelectrochemical foam samples, and conduct research to obtain key information on the effectiveness of the method, such as the distribution and combination patterns of elements and their correspondence with known ore bodies; Step 4: Conduct geoelectrochemical measurements in the selected exploration area. During the general geochemical survey phase, a scale of 1:50,000 can be selected, with a grid size of 500m × 250m to 250m × 250m, i.e., 8–16 points / km². During the detailed geochemical survey phase, a scale of 1:5,000 to 1:25,000 can be selected, with a grid size of 200–250m × 50–100m to 50m × 10–25m, i.e., 40–2,000 points / km². After obtaining high-quality multi-element content test data of geoelectrochemical carrier materials using the developed testing and analysis methods, data interpretation and processing, and geochemical anomaly map compilation are carried out. A comparative study is conducted on the anomaly distribution, intensity, elemental relationships, and key information on validity determined in Step 3. A comprehensive analysis is then performed to determine the mineral-induced anomalies. Step 5: Conduct deep-level prediction and implement engineering verification; Step 6: Delineate the ore body or mineralized body.

2. The method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the system collects the metallogenic geological data for the work to be carried out and fully collects mineral data from known mining areas; A comprehensive summary of the existing metallogenic geological conditions, geophysical and geochemical anomaly characteristics, deposit scale, ore body depth, ore-controlling structures, ore body extension direction, surface cover type and depth, and prospecting prospects of the mining area was conducted. Existing problems and needs were analyzed, and the peripheral shallow-covered area was comprehensively selected as a further exploration area.

3. The method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific requirements for collecting electrochemical foam samples above a known ore deposit or ore body in step two are as follows: sampling points are arranged in a transverse profile manner, and the profile line direction must be perpendicular to the strike direction of the ore body or the ore-controlling geological body / structure. The extractor is placed at the predetermined sampling point position, and the extraction pit depth must be greater than or equal to 30cm. The power supply time is controlled by a CHIM-3 controller to ensure that the extraction time is consistent for different sampling points.

4. The method for metal mineral exploration based on independent power supply dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step three specifically includes: selecting test elements according to different mineral types and target deposit types. The effective element combinations for geoelectrochemical measurements include the following types: gold deposits, copper-nickel sulfide deposits, copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposits, porphyry-skarn type copper deposits, and uranium deposits, etc. Electrochemical foam samples were pretreated using methods such as ashing, microwave digestion, and wet digestion. Sample analysis and testing were conducted using emission spectroscopy, hydride-atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

5. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, The test elements are selected according to the type of the target deposit. The effective combination of elements for geoelectrochemical measurements includes, but is not limited to, the following types. Gold mine: Au, Ag, Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, W, Zn, etc.; Copper-nickel sulfide ores: Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ores: Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, Zn, etc.; Porphyry-skarn type copper deposits: Ag, Au, Hg, As, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, U, Mo, Fe, Al, K, La, Ti, etc.; Uranium ore: U, Th, Cu, Pb, Zn, light rare earth elements, Sr, etc.

6. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step four specifically includes: In the exploration area, area-based geochemical surveys were conducted, and the sampling density was reasonably selected according to different exploration stages and mineral types. Specifically, at a scale of 1:50,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 500m×250m~250×250m; at a scale of 1:25,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 500×250~250×250m; at a scale of 1:10,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 100×20~200×50m; and at a scale of 1:5,000, sampling was conducted at a grid size of 50×10~25m. During the sample collection process, the surface soil or loose sediments of the sampling point and surrounding area should be observed. The depth of the extraction pit should be determined according to the development degree of the soil or loose sediments and the thickness of the soil layer in the test area, and should not be less than 30cm. Near the designated sampling points, select areas with well-developed soil or loose sediments and no obvious abnormalities in vegetation and cover. Sampling should avoid all kinds of pollution. If there are rock outcrops, waste rock piles, swamps, colluvial deposits, riverbed deposits, etc., sampling is not possible, the points can be discarded, but must be noted in the record. After digging the sampling pit, place the solid carrier type element extractor at the bottom of the pit, and backfill the sampling pit with the excavated soil evenly. During the backfilling process, add the extractant, which is tap water or well water, to evenly moisten the soil in the pit. The type, source, and amount of extractant added to each measuring point in the same area must be consistent.

7. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step five specifically includes: selecting a suitable anomaly based on its scale, morphology, and elemental combination characteristics; selecting a reasonable drilling process; and conducting drilling engineering verification. Based on the drilling results, the engineering is rationally deployed to trace the ore body.

8. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling device includes: a CHIM-3 type controller, wires, a positive electrode graphite rod, and a solid carrier type element extractor; During sampling: Connect the solid-carrier elemental extractor to the negative interface of the CHIM-3 controller using a wire, and connect the graphite rod to the positive interface of the CHIM-3 controller using a wire to form an effective electric field. Set the extraction time, test the energization of the device with an ammeter, and record the initial energized current. The extraction time must be consistent at all sampling points in the same area. After the field extraction process is completed, dig out and retrieve the solid-carrier elemental extractor, remove the adsorbent carrier from the extractor, and place the adsorbent carrier into a paper sample bag marked with the sampling point information. When removing the adsorbent carrier, avoid soil contamination of the carrier material. Preserve the carrier material to prevent contamination and send it to the laboratory for analysis and testing.

9. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 8, characterized in that, The CHIM-3 controller includes a power supply unit and a power supply control unit. The power supply unit provides power to the element extractor and the controller. The power supply control unit controls the power supply process of the power supply unit to the element extractor, including setting the power supply time of the power supply unit, controlling the power supply unit to stop power supply at a time, pausing the power supply of the power supply unit, and restarting the power supply of the power supply unit.

10. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 9, characterized in that, The extractor includes: a base (21), a metal sheet (22), a high-purity graphite sheet (23), an adsorption carrier (24), filter paper (25), a plastic mesh covering (26), and a top cover (27). The filter paper (25) encapsulates the adsorbent carrier (24); The metal sheet (22), high-purity graphite sheet (23), filter paper (25), and plastic mesh (26) are arranged in order from bottom to top inside the base (21); the top cover (27) covers the base (21); The base (21) has a columnar protrusion (211) at the bottom, and the annular connector of the wire is inserted into the columnar protrusion (211) and fixed to the bottom of the housing (21); The metal sheet (22) is disc-shaped and has a circular hole. The circular hole of the metal sheet (22) is fitted inside the columnar protrusion (211) and forms a connection structure with the wire. The high-purity graphite sheet (23) is disc-shaped and contains a circular hole. The circular hole of the high-purity graphite sheet (23) is fitted into the columnar protrusion (211) and forms a connection structure with the metal sheet (22). The high-purity graphite sheet (23) is connected to the negative terminal interface of the power supply unit through the metal sheet (22) and the wire and conducts electricity, forming an electric field together with the positive terminal graphite rod.

11. A method for metal mineral exploration based on independently powered dipole geoelectrochemical technology according to claim 10, characterized in that, The extractor has an outer diameter of 8.5 cm; the high-purity graphite sheet has an ash content of less than or equal to 5 mg / kg; the filter paper (25) is a heat-sealed medium-speed tea filter paper; the adsorption carrier has a density of greater than or equal to 25 g / dm³. 3 The high-density polyurethane foam is then subjected to 5-10% aqua regia (hydrochloric acid to nitric acid ratio of 2:1) for washing and soaking for more than 24 hours indoors.

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