BIM (Building Information Modeling) rapid modeling method for railroad bridge

Abstract

The invention relates to a bridge building construction method, in particular to a BIM (Building Information Modeling) rapid modeling method of a railway bridge, which comprises the following steps of: firstly establishing a broken chain table model, a vertical curve model and a line plane center line model according to design data of a broken chain table, a vertical curve and a line plane center line of a site where a construction project is located; then establishing a bridge comprehensive arrangement table, a foundation type statistical table, a pier type statistical table and a beam body type statistical table of the construction project; establishing a corresponding basic type object, a bridge pier type object and a beam body type object; and finally, establishing a three-dimensional BIM model of the railway bridge, arranging a bridge pier and a bridge body plane of the railway bridge on the bridge plane simulation lofting graph of the middle line of the line plane through the three-dimensional BIM model of the railway bridge, and establishing a bridge pier facade arrangement graph according to the bridge pier and the bridge body plane. According to the method, simplification, standardization and high efficiency of railway bridge BIM modeling are achieved, and the method can be suitable for three-dimensional BIM modeling of common railway and high-speed railway bridges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a bridge construction method, specifically a BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges. Background Technology

[0002] BIM modeling of railway bridges is fundamental to the application of digital technologies in railway bridge construction. Currently, BIM modeling of railway bridges is commonly done using international BIM software such as Revit (Autodesk), CATIA (Dassault), or Bentley OpenBuildings; some also utilize plugins. However, the modeling methods using international BIM software generally have shortcomings in expressing the design features and conventions of railway bridges, as well as in their in-depth application during subsequent construction phases. Furthermore, there is a lack of BIM software in China that can be deeply applied to on-site railway bridge construction.

[0003] In its earlier patent application regarding a rapid 3D BIM modeling method for two-dimensional railway bridges, the applicant proposed a modeling approach that uses a series of functional graphic objects (including foundation templates, cap templates, pier templates, main beam templates, track information models, and track plan and elevation layout information models) to quickly construct a BIM model of a railway bridge. This modeling method, which uses foundation templates, cap templates, pier templates, and main beam templates, consists of functional graphic objects with two-dimensional geometric features. Because it cannot support 3D modeling and editing of various parts of the railway bridge, the 3D BIM model still needs to rely on the family technology and 3D graphics platform of international BIM software such as Revit. This leads to problems in modeling efficiency, collaboration, and adaptability in railway bridge BIM modeling, hindering the improvement of digital application technology in railway bridge construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid BIM modeling method for railway bridges, so as to improve the simplicity, standardization and efficiency of railway bridge BIM modeling.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved like this: A rapid BIM modeling method for railway bridges includes the following steps: S1. Establish the route model: Based on the design data of the broken chain list, vertical curves and the centerline of the route at the site of the construction project, use the parametric method to establish the broken chain list model, vertical curve model and centerline model of the route on the graphic page respectively.

[0006] S2. Create a bridge information table: Create a bridge information table on the graphic page, including a comprehensive bridge layout table, a foundation type statistics table, a pier type statistics table, and a beam type statistics table for the construction project.

[0007] S3. Create objects for each part of the bridge: Based on the bridge information table and construction project design data, create corresponding foundation type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects.

[0008] S4. Establish a 3D BIM model of the railway bridge: Based on the established foundation type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects, create a 3D assembly object of the bridge on the graphics page. On its preset interface, first set the name of the associated line centerline and the height difference between the beam top and the rail surface, then set the names of the associated bridge comprehensive layout table, foundation type statistics table, pier type statistics table, and beam type statistics table; finally, assemble the 3D BIM model of the railway bridge.

[0009] S5. Using the 3D BIM model of the railway bridge, the piers and beams of the railway bridge are laid out on the bridge plan simulation layout drawing at the centerline of the line, and the pier elevation layout drawing is created accordingly.

[0010] This invention presents a rapid BIM modeling method for railway bridges, capable of deeply reflecting the structural and layout characteristics of railway bridges. Building upon the basic functions of existing patented inventions, such as the alignment centerline, vertical curves, and broken chain lists, it adds specific functional graphical objects including 3D geometric objects, foundation type objects, pier type objects, cap type objects, bridge pier type objects, pad stone type objects, bridge comprehensive layout tables, beam type statistical tables, bridge pier type statistical tables, and foundation type statistical tables. These 3D geometric objects, foundation type objects, pier type objects, pad stone type objects, bridge pier type objects, cap type objects, and beam type objects are essentially based on 2D functional graphical objects, supporting 3D modeling, display, and editing functions. The corresponding 3D BIM models can complete the 3D BIM modeling, editing, and display of various complex bridge parts without relying on the family technology and 3D graphics platform of international BIM software such as Revit, achieving simplification, standardization, and high efficiency in railway bridge BIM modeling.

[0011] This invention implements a 3D modeling method based on 2D modeling. By providing 3D manipulation and graphical display for 2D functional graphic objects, it simplifies, standardizes, and improves the efficiency of railway bridge BIM modeling. This invention is applicable to 3D BIM modeling of both ordinary and high-speed railway bridges. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the substructure of a railway bridge.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional geometry of the two-dimensional top cap.

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The three-dimensional graphic of the top cap is shown.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional geometry of the top cap; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, (c) is the top view, and (d) is the bottom view.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a top view of the three-dimensional geometry of the top cap; where (a) is a schematic diagram before the view base point is moved, and (b) is a schematic diagram after the view base point is moved to the endpoint of the indicator line.

[0017] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the four constructed three-dimensional geometric bodies; among them, (a) is the three-dimensional geometric body of the hollow pier, (b) is the three-dimensional geometric body of the top cap, and (c) is the three-dimensional geometric body of block 0.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a basic type object; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0019] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the pile cap / pile foundation outline; where (a) is the plan view of the pile cap / pile foundation outline; and (b) is the foundation type object diagram obtained by forced conversion.

[0020] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The three-dimensional graph of the basic type object shown.

[0021] Figure 10 These are the three views of the pad stone type object before and after the forced conversion; where (a) is the two-dimensional planar drawing of the pad stone before the forced conversion, (b) is the three-dimensional drawing of the pad stone type object obtained by the forced conversion, and (c) is the three-dimensional drawing of the pad stone type object obtained by the forced conversion.

[0022] Figure 11 These are the three views of a top-hat type object; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0023] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 The three-dimensional graphic of the top-hat type object shown.

[0024] Figure 13It is a three-dimensional graphic of three types of top cap objects created by forced conversion; among them, (a) is a top cap object that has been cut off, (b) is a top cap object with high and low piers, and (c) is a top cap object of portal pier.

[0025] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a pier-type object; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0026] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The three-dimensional graphic of the pier type object shown.

[0027] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge pier type object; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0028] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 The three-dimensional graphic of the bridge pier type object shown.

[0029] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of assembling bridge pier type objects according to the base point alignment method; where (a) is the three-view drawing of the pad stone type object, (b) is the three-view drawing of the top cap type object, (c) is the three-view drawing of the pier body type object, and (d) is the three-view drawing of the bridge pier type object after the components are assembled.

[0030] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of assembling bridge pier type objects in a planar assembly manner; where (a) is the three-view diagram of the combination of pad stone type object and top cap type object, (b) is the three-view diagram of pier body type object, and (c) is the three-view diagram of bridge pier type object after component assembly.

[0031] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a pier-type object with a marker base point adjustment indicator line; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0032] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge pier type object after the base point adjustment; where (a) is the front view, (b) is the right view, and (c) is the top view.

[0033] Figure 22 This is the front view of a beam-type object.

[0034] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 The three-dimensional graphic of the beam type object shown.

[0035] Figure 24 This is a representation of the overall layout of the bridge.

[0036] Figure 25It represents the basic type of statistical representation.

[0037] Figure 26 This is a statistical representation of bridge pier types.

[0038] Figure 27 This is a statistical representation of the main beam type.

[0039] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly object of a bridge.

[0040] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D BIM model of a railway bridge.

[0041] Figure 30 It is a bridge plan layout simulation.

[0042] Figure 31 This is the elevation layout of the bridge piers. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Several points for explanation and clarification: I. The attribute editing method for functional graphic objects involved in this invention allows users to set the attribute information of an existing functional graphic object through its operation interface, thereby obtaining the required functional graphic object and display state. This method for modifying functional graphic objects can be simply referred to as the attribute editing method.

[0044] II. The railway bridge substructure involved in this invention refers to the general term for pile foundations, pile caps, piers, roof caps, and pad stones; wherein, pile foundations and pile caps are collectively referred to as the foundation part; and piers, roof caps, and pad stones are collectively referred to as the pier part. Figure 1 The diagram shows the substructure of a railway bridge. In this substructure, G1 is the pier cap and bearing pad, G2 is the pier body, and G3 is the foundation. The pier cap and bearing pad includes the cap P2 and the bearing pad P1 placed on the cap. The pier body consists only of the pier body P3. The foundation includes the pile cap P4 and the piles P5 supporting the pile cap.

[0045] III. The three-dimensional geometric object involved in this invention is a functional graphic object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) A three-dimensional geometric object is a functional graphic object that is displayed as a two-dimensional object in a graphics system. Opening its preset operation interface can display the three-dimensional solid graphic of the three-dimensional geometric object. Each three-dimensional geometric object has a three-dimensional local Cartesian coordinate system XYZ. The origin of the coordinate system is also called the "base point". Figure 2 The image shows a two-dimensional representation of the top cap's three-dimensional geometry. Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional solid object displayed on the operation interface of this functional graphical object, where L1 is the local Cartesian coordinate system XYZ, and the origin of the coordinate system is the base point.

[0046] (2) Three-dimensional geometric objects can be obtained by drawing and editing common three-dimensional graphics such as stretching, blending, lofting, rotating, arraying, cutting and merging, and assembling.

[0047] (3) In the graphics system, a three-dimensional geometric object is displayed as a two-dimensional functional graphic object, which can be displayed as one of the six views: front view, back view, left view, right view, top view, and bottom view. Each view also has the projection axes of the two coordinate axes of the local coordinate system on that view. The intersection of the projection axes of the two coordinate axes corresponds to the projection of the base point of the three-dimensional geometric object on that view, which is called the "view base point". Figure 4 Four views of the three-dimensional geometry of the top cap are given, where, Figure 4 (a) is the front view. Figure 4 (b) is the right view. Figure 4 (c) is a top view. Figure 4 (d) is the bottom view.

[0048] (4) The base point of the three-dimensional geometry can be adjusted by moving the base point of the view. There are three specific ways to operate: First, the base point of the view can be dragged to the target position by dragging the mouse; second, the base point of the view can be moved to the target position by giving the movement parameters; third, the base point of the view can be moved to the target position by drawing an indicator line with one of its endpoints as the target position and by operating the button on the preset interface. Figure 5 This is an example of moving the base point of the view in the top view of the 3D geometry of the top cap. Among them, Figure 5 (a) shows the situation before the view base point is moved. The endpoint of the indicator line L2 indicates the target position that the view base point needs to be moved to. Figure 5 (b) shows the situation after the view base point has been moved.

[0049] (5) such as Figure 6 As shown, on the operation interface of a 3D geometry, you can set the option of whether the 3D geometry is a solid or a hollow body. For a 3D solid, its view line segments are solid lines; for a 3D hollow body, its view line segments are dashed lines.

[0050] (6) Selecting multiple 3D geometries allows for cut and merge operations to obtain 3D geometries that have undergone difference and union processing. When the 3D geometries are hollow, difference processing is required; when the 3D geometries are solids, union processing is required.

[0051] (7) When multiple three-dimensional geometries are all solids, they can be selected for assembly operations to obtain an assembly composed of multiple three-dimensional geometries, which is also a type of three-dimensional geometry. Through operations on the preset interface, the assembly can be restored into an independent three-dimensional geometry.

[0052] (8) When the three-dimensional geometry of an engineering part needs to be obtained by cutting, merging or assembling the three-dimensional geometry of its multiple components, the following two methods can be selected: a. First, create the three-dimensional geometry of each component. Then, set each created three-dimensional geometry as a top view and arrange them according to the planar positions given in the design. Drag or move the view base point to a horizontal line. Then, switch these three-dimensional geometries to the front view and arrange them according to the elevation positions given in the design. Then, select these three-dimensional geometries and perform cut, merge, or assembly operations to obtain the three-dimensional geometry of the corresponding engineering part.

[0053] b. First, create the three-dimensional geometry of each component. Then, set each created three-dimensional geometry as the front view, arrange them according to the elevation position, and drag or move the view base point to a horizontal line. Then, switch these three-dimensional geometries to the top view and arrange them according to the plan position given in the design. Then, select these three-dimensional geometries and perform cut, merge, or assembly operations to obtain the three-dimensional geometry of the corresponding engineering part.

[0054] Figure 6 The image shows the three-dimensional geometry of the three engineering components; among them, Figure 6 (a) is a three-dimensional geometric shape of the hollow pier body. Figure 6 (b) is the three-dimensional geometry of the top cap. Figure 6 (c) is the 3D geometry of block 0. Complex and diverse 3D geometries can be created through cutting, merging, or assembling operations. Through operations such as cutting, merging, assembling, and chamfering, various complex and diverse 3D geometries for engineering structures can be obtained.

[0055] IV. The basic type object involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, whose basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The pier cap and pile foundation together constitute the foundation part of the substructure of a railway bridge. The foundation type object is a functional graphic object that includes the pier cap and pile foundation, expressed by two-dimensional three-view drawings. If this type of functional graphic object appears in the overall layout drawing of a bridge, it means that this type of foundation part is consistent in terms of pile diameter, plan layout, and pier cap structure and size, except that the pile length may vary. Figure 7 The image shown is of a basic type object whose two-dimensional shape contains three views, among which... Figure 7 (a) is the front view. Figure 7(b) is the right view. Figure 7 (c) is the top view.

[0056] (2) Basic type objects can be created using parametric methods and two-dimensional or three-dimensional forced conversion methods. The specific method for creating basic type objects using the parametric method is to input the dimensional parameters of the foundation cap and pile foundation structure on the preset interface based on the foundation type statistics table and construction project design data, thereby creating the basic type object on the graphics page. The specific method for creating basic type objects using the two-dimensional forced conversion method is to first draw the outline plane graphics of the foundation cap and pile foundation in the graphics system based on the foundation type statistics table and construction project design data, merge them into blocks, and then forcibly convert them into basic type objects; on the preset operation interface of the basic type object, attribute information such as the foundation cap height and the concrete grade of the foundation cap and pile foundation can be set. The specific method for creating basic type objects using the three-dimensional forced conversion method is to first create a three-dimensional geometry of the foundation cap and pile foundation using three-dimensional geometric modeling in the graphics system based on the foundation type statistics table and construction project design data, and then forcibly convert this three-dimensional geometry into a basic type object.

[0057] Figure 8 (a) shows the outline plan view of the pile cap and pile foundation; Figure 8 (b) shows the basic type object obtained through type casting. Figure 9 The image shown is a 3D representation of this basic type of object after it has been forcibly converted on the default interface.

[0058] (3) The attribute information of the basic type object includes the name of the basic type object, the height of each level of the foundation, the length of each pile foundation, the concrete grade of the foundation and the concrete grade of the pile foundation, etc. These attribute information can be set in its preset interface.

[0059] V. The pad stone type object involved in this invention is a functional graphic object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The pad stone type object is a functional graphic object that uses two-dimensional three views to represent pad stones. It is used to represent pad stones of the same type arranged in a bridge, whose structure and size are consistent.

[0060] (2) Both parametric and forced conversion methods can be used to create pad stone type objects. To create a pad stone type object using the parametric method, the size parameters of the pad stone are input on the preset interface, and the pad stone type object is created on the graphics page. To create a pad stone type object using the two-dimensional forced conversion method, a two-dimensional planar outline of the pad stone is first drawn in the graphics system, merged into a block, and then forcibly converted into a pad stone type object.

[0061] Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the process of creating a foundation stone type object. Among other things, Figure 10(a) is a two-dimensional planar diagram of the foundation stone before forced conversion; Figure 10 (b) is the three-view diagram of the pad stone type object obtained after the forced conversion; Figure 10 (c) A three-dimensional graphic of a pad stone type object obtained by forced conversion and which can be queried and displayed on the preset interface.

[0062] (3) On the preset operation interface of the pad stone type object, you can set the height of the pad stone and the concrete grade and other attribute information, and display and query the three-dimensional graphics of the pad stone type object.

[0063] (4) such as Figure 10 As shown in (c), there is a local Cartesian coordinate and a corresponding base point on the three-dimensional graph of the pad stone type object.

[0064] (5) The attribute information of the pad stone type object includes the name of the pad stone type object, the height of each pad stone block and the concrete grade, etc. The attribute information can be set in its preset interface.

[0065] VI. The top-hat type object involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) A top cap type object is a functional graphic object that uses two-dimensional three-view diagrams to represent the top cap part. When it appears in a bridge comprehensive layout drawing, it means that the top cap has a consistent structure and size.

[0066] Figure 11 The image shown is a three-view diagram of a top-hat type object; among which, Figure 11 (a) is the front view. Figure 11 (b) is a top view. Figure 11 (c) is the right view. Figure 12 The image shown is a 3D graphic of this hat type object.

[0067] (2) Top-hat type objects can be created using parametric methods, two-dimensional or three-dimensional forced conversion methods. To create a top-hat type object using the parametric method, the size parameters of the top-hat structure are input in the preset interface, and the top-hat type object is created on the graphics page. To create a top-hat type object using the three-dimensional forced conversion method, the three-dimensional geometry of the top-hat is first created in the graphics system through stretching, blending, lofting, rotating, arraying, shearing and merging, and then the three-dimensional geometry is forcibly converted into a top-hat type object.

[0068] Figure 13 The image shows three-dimensional graphics of three types of hat objects created using the forced conversion method; among them, Figure 13 (a) is a cap-type object that has been pinned. Figure 13 (b) is a top-cap type object with varying heights. Figure 13(c) is a cap type object of the portal pier. By using type casting, more complex and diverse cap type objects can be constructed.

[0069] (3) The attribute information of the top cap type object includes the name of the top cap type object, the concrete grade of the top cap, etc.

[0070] (4) such as Figure 13 As shown, a local Cartesian coordinate and a corresponding base point are marked on the top hat type object.

[0071] (5) A top-hat type object created by parametric method can be converted into a top-hat geometry object, and then cut and merged with other solid or hollow geometry to obtain the required top-hat geometry. Then, the top-hat geometry is forcibly converted into a top-hat type object.

[0072] VII. The pier-type object involved in this invention is a functional graphic object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) Pier type object is a functional graphic object that uses two-dimensional three-view diagrams to represent the pier body part. When it appears in a bridge layout drawing, it is used to represent the pier body part whose structure and size are consistent. Figure 14 The image shown is a pier-type object represented by a two-dimensional graphic, which contains three views: Figure 14 (a) is the front view. Figure 14 (b) is the right view. Figure 14 (c) is the top view. Figure 15 The image shown is a three-dimensional graphic of this type of pier.

[0073] (2) Pier type objects can be created using either the parametric method or the 3D forced conversion method. To create a pier type object using the parametric method, the dimensional parameters of the pier structure are input on the preset interface, and the pier type object is created on the graphics page. To create a pier type object using the 3D forced conversion method, the 3D geometry of the pier is first created in the graphics system using methods such as stretching, blending, lofting, rotating, arraying, and shearing and merging, and then the 3D geometry is forcibly converted into a pier type object.

[0074] (3) The pier body type object created by the parametric method can be converted into a pier body three-dimensional geometry object, and then cut and merged with other solid or hollow geometry to obtain the required pier body three-dimensional geometry, and then the three-dimensional geometry is forcibly converted into a pier body type object.

[0075] (4) such as Figure 15 As shown, a local Cartesian coordinate and the corresponding base point are marked on the pier type object.

[0076] (5) The attribute information of the pier body type object includes the name of the pier body type object and the concrete grade of the pier body, etc. The attribute information can be modified on its preset interface.

[0077] 8. The bridge pier type object involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) A bridge pier includes the pier body, the cap, and the foundation stone. A bridge pier type object is a functional graphic object that uses two-dimensional three-view diagrams to represent the pier parts. When it appears in a bridge layout drawing, it means that all the structures and dimensions of the pier body, cap, and foundation stone are the same, except that the pier height may be different. Figure 16 The image shown is a bridge pier type object, whose two-dimensional graphic contains three views, among which... Figure 16 (a) is the front view. Figure 16 (b) is the right view. Figure 16 (c) is the top view. Figure 17 The image shown is a 3D graphic of this type of bridge pier object.

[0078] (2) You can first create a pad stone type object, a pier type object, and a cap type object, then select them and perform an assembly operation to obtain a pier type object.

[0079] (3) There are two assembly methods for bridge pier type objects: Method 1: Base point alignment Ground stone, cap, and pier body objects can be drawn anywhere on the drawing page, and their top views do not overlap. Select these three object types and assemble them from top to bottom in the order of ground stone, cap, and pier body, ensuring the base points of each object type are on a vertical line. Figure 18 middle, Figure 18 (a) is a foundation stone type object; Figure 18 (b) is a top-hat type object; Figure 18 (c) is a pier-type object; when these three are arranged together according to the design requirements in plan view, their top views have no overlapping parts, so they can be assembled by aligning the base points to obtain the following result. Figure 18 (d) shows the pier type object.

[0080] Method 2: Planar Assembly Method When the top view outlines of the pad stone type object, cap type object, and pier type object are arranged together according to the planar positional relationship in the design data, if the top views of these three types of objects overlap, then the pad stone type object, cap type object, and pier type object should be assembled according to the positional relationship of the top views, in a top-to-bottom order. Figure 19 middle, Figure 19(a) is a three-view drawing of the pad stone type object and the top cap type object arranged together according to the planar positions required by the design; Figure 19 (b) is the three-view drawing of the pier type object. As can be seen, after the pad stone type object and the cap type object are arranged together according to the design requirements in planar position, there will be an overlapping part in the top view. This allows for assembly operations in a planar assembly manner, resulting in the following... Figure 19 (c) shows a pier-type object. Since the top view of the pier body type object does not overlap with the top view of the cap type object, the pier body type object can also participate in the assembly by aligning the base points.

[0081] (4) The attribute information of the pier type object includes the name of the pier type object and the height difference between the base point and the rail surface. These attribute information can be modified on the preset interface.

[0082] The front, right, and top views of various object types typically display the location of a base point. This base point can be adjusted to the desired position using either dragging or using a guide line. For example, with a bridge pier object, the base point can be dragged or moved to the target location by dragging or panning the mouse. Alternatively, a guide line can be drawn on the front or top view of the bridge pier object, and its endpoint can be set as the base point using a button. Figure 20 Among the bridge pier type objects shown, Figure 20 The indicator line DIR1 marked in (a) is the base point movement adjustment position determined in the front view; Figure 20 The indicator line DIR2 marked in (c) is the base point adjustment position determined in the top view. By using the button operation, the adjusted base point position of the pier-type object can be obtained. After adjusting this base point position, Figure 21 Point 01 in (a) Figure 21 Point 02 in (c) and Figure 21 Point 03 in (b) marks the new view base points on the three planar views of the pier type object. These three view base points together represent the base points of the three-dimensional model corresponding to the pier type object.

[0083] IX. The beam type object involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The beam type object is a functional graphic object that uses a two-dimensional elevation front view to represent the main beam section, used to indicate the main beam section with the same structure and dimensions in a bridge's overall layout drawing. Figure 22 The beam type object shown is presented as a two-dimensional graphic as its front view. Figure 23 This refers to the three-dimensional graphic of the beam type object.

[0084] (2) Beam type objects can be created using parametric methods or three-dimensional forced conversion methods.

[0085] (3) The specific way to create a beam type object using the parametric method is to input the size parameters of the beam structure in the preset interface and create a beam type object on the graphics page.

[0086] (4) For beam type objects created by parametric method, the three-dimensional geometry of each segment of the beam can be created first, and then other three-dimensional geometries can be created according to the beam construction drawing. Finally, the required three-dimensional geometry of the beam can be obtained by cutting and merging. Alternatively, the required three-dimensional geometry of the beam can be obtained directly by general three-dimensional geometry creation and editing operations such as stretching, blending, lofting, cutting and merging.

[0087] (5) The specific way to create a beam type object using the three-dimensional forced conversion method is to first create the three-dimensional geometry of the beam, and then force the three-dimensional geometry of the beam to be converted into a beam type object.

[0088] (6) The attribute information of the beam type object includes the name of the beam type object and the concrete grade of the beam, etc., and these attributes can be modified on its preset interface.

[0089] (7) A beam type object has a local Cartesian coordinate system and a corresponding base point, which is automatically set at the top left corner of the beam type object. Figure 22 In the beam type object shown, G is the base point of that beam type object. Figure 23 The top left point of the three-dimensional graphic of the beam type object shown is marked with a local three-dimensional coordinate system and the corresponding base point G.

[0090] 10. The bridge integrated layout table involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic features are as follows: (1) The bridge layout table is a two-dimensional table object with a table name and table content, which is used to represent the layout information of each pier and main beam of the bridge involved in the bridge layout drawing.

[0091] (2) such as Figure 24 As shown, the bridge comprehensive layout table includes information such as serial number, pier number, pier type, mileage of beam joint boundary line, line spacing, longitudinal eccentricity, lateral eccentricity, pre-eccentricity, pre-eccentricity direction, left half beam joint, right half beam joint, pier height and pile foundation length.

[0092] The information, including the beam joint boundary line mileage, left half beam joint, right half beam joint, longitudinal eccentricity, lateral eccentricity, and pre-eccentricity, represents the arrangement information of the simply supported beam on the curve using the bisecting mid-sagittal method. When the pier is on a straight section, the curve eccentricity and pre-eccentricity are 0. The longitudinal eccentricity is the deviation between the beam joint boundary line mileage and the pier center mileage. For abutments, two mileages (front and rear), two eccentricities, and two line spacings need to be entered, separated by commas.

[0093] The pier type refers to the type of the main beam of the bridge supported by the pier, and there are three types: "abutment", "simply supported beam pier", and "continuous beam main pier". If the pier type is abutment, the main beam type is also "abutment"; if the main beam of the right span of the pier is a simply supported beam, then it is a "simply supported beam pier" type; if it is a continuous beam side pier, then the pier type is also simply supported beam pier; if it is a continuous middle pier, then the pier type is "continuous beam main pier".

[0094] (3) On the preset interface of the bridge layout table, you can get the required table content by inputting or modifying the table content.

[0095] (4) The bridge layout table can be created at any position on the graphic page.

[0096] XI. The basic type statistical table involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The basic type statistics table is a two-dimensional table object with a table name and table content, used to represent the names of the basic type objects involved in the bridge integrated layout drawing and their applicable pier numbers. For example Figure 25 As shown, the basic type statistics table includes the serial number, the name of the basic type object, and the applicable pier number.

[0097] (2) The required table content can be obtained by inputting or modifying the table content on the preset interface of the basic type statistical table.

[0098] (3) Basic type statistics tables can be created at any location on the graph page.

[0099] 12. The bridge pier type statistics table involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The pier type statistics table is a two-dimensional table object used to represent the names of the pier type objects involved in the bridge layout drawing and their applicable pier numbers. For example... Figure 26 As shown, the pier type statistics table has a table name and table content. The table content includes the serial number, the pier type object name, and the pier number.

[0100] (2) On the preset interface of the pier type statistics table, the required table content can be obtained by inputting or modifying the table content.

[0101] (3) The pier type statistics table can be created at any location on the graphics page.

[0102] Thirteen, the beam type statistics table involved in this invention is a functional graphical object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The beam type statistics table is a two-dimensional table object used to represent the names of the beam type objects involved in the bridge integrated layout drawing, and their applicable pier numbers. For example... Figure 27 As shown, the beam type statistics table has a table name and table content. The table content includes the serial number, the name of the beam type object, and the applicable pier number.

[0103] (2) On the preset interface of the beam type statistics table, the required table content can be obtained by inputting or modifying the table content.

[0104] (3) The beam type statistics table can be created at any location on the graphics page.

[0105] XIV. The 3D BIM assembly object for railway bridges involved in this invention is a functional graphic object, and its basic characteristics are as follows: (1) The three-dimensional BIM assembly object of railway bridge is a two-dimensional symbol object, which can be represented by a certain two-dimensional graphic object.

[0106] (2) The three-dimensional BIM assembly object of the railway bridge has the object name, the name of the associated line centerline, the height difference between the beam top and the rail surface, and the table names of the associated bridge comprehensive layout table, foundation type statistics table, pier type statistics table and beam type statistics table. These attribute information can be modified by setting or querying in its preset interface.

[0107] (3) Based on the established route centerline, vertical curve, broken chain table, bridge comprehensive layout table name, foundation type statistics table, pier type statistics table, beam type statistics table, foundation type object, pier type object or beam type object, the corresponding railway bridge three-dimensional BIM model can be assembled or queried on the preset interface of the railway bridge three-dimensional BIM assembly object by button operation.

[0108] (4) On the preset interface of the three-dimensional BIM assembly object of the railway bridge, the bridge plan simulation layout of the piers and beams of the railway bridge to the center line of the line can be created by button operation; the pier elevation layout can also be created; or the pier elevation object, pier cap elevation object, and main beam longitudinal section object of all bridges can be created. These three objects are the basic objects used for temporary structure design.

[0109] The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges of the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish the circuit model Based on the design data of the broken link list, vertical curves, and the centerline of the railway line at the construction site, the broken link list, vertical curve model, and centerline model are created on the graphics page using parametric methods. These three models are collectively referred to as the railway model. The corresponding broken link list names are set on the operation interface of the vertical curve model, and the corresponding broken link list names and vertical curve names are set on the operation interface of the centerline model.

[0110] Step 2: Create a bridge information table In the graphical interface, create a comprehensive bridge layout table, a foundation type statistics table, a pier type statistics table, and a beam type statistics table for the construction project. These four tables are collectively referred to as the bridge information table.

[0111] Step 3: Create objects for each part of the bridge Based on the bridge information sheet and construction project design data, establish corresponding foundation type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects.

[0112] Step 4: Create a 3D BIM model of the railway bridge Based on the established basic type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects, create the following on the graphics page: Figure 28 The diagram shows a 3D assembly object of a bridge represented by a 2D graphic. On its preset interface, the names of the associated track centerline and the height difference between the beam top and the rail surface are first set. Then, the names of the associated bridge layout table, foundation type statistics table, pier type statistics table, and beam type statistics table are set. Finally, the assembly is completed as shown. Figure 29 The image shows a 3D BIM model of a railway bridge.

[0113] Step 5: Using the 3D BIM model of the railway bridge, arrange the piers and beams of the railway bridge in a planar layout as shown. Figure 30 The bridge plan simulation layout is shown on the centerline of the line, and based on this, a bridge is established as follows. Figure 31 The diagram shows the elevation layout of the bridge piers.

Claims

1. A rapid BIM modeling method for railway bridges, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish the route model: Based on the design data of the broken chain list, vertical curve and the centerline of the route at the site of the construction project, use the parametric method to establish the broken chain list model, vertical curve model and the centerline of the route on the graphic page respectively. S2. Create a bridge information table: On the graphic page, create a bridge information table for the construction project, including a comprehensive bridge layout table, a foundation type statistics table, a pier type statistics table, and a beam type statistics table. S3. Create objects for each part of the bridge: Based on the bridge information table and construction project design data, create corresponding foundation type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects; S4. Establish a 3D BIM model of the railway bridge: Based on the established foundation type objects, pier type objects, and beam type objects, create a 3D assembly object of the bridge on the graphics page. On its preset interface, first set the name of the associated line centerline and the height difference between the beam top and the rail surface, then set the names of the associated bridge comprehensive layout table, foundation type statistics table, pier type statistics table, and beam type statistics table; finally, assemble the 3D BIM model of the railway bridge. S5. Using the 3D BIM model of the railway bridge, the piers and beams of the railway bridge are laid out on the bridge plan simulation layout drawing at the centerline of the line, and the pier elevation layout drawing is created accordingly.

2. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the operation interface of the vertical curve model established in step S1, set the corresponding broken link list name; On the operation interface of the line plane centerline model, set the corresponding broken link list name and vertical curve name.

3. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic type object is a functional graphic object containing the pile cap and pile foundation, expressed in two-dimensional three-view diagrams, and is established through parametric method, two-dimensional forced conversion method or three-dimensional forced conversion method.

4. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method for creating basic type objects using the parametric method is to input the dimensional parameters of the foundation cap and pile foundation structure of each basic type object on the preset interface, based on the basic type statistics table and construction project design data, thereby completing the creation of the basic type objects on the graphics page.

5. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method for establishing basic type objects using the two-dimensional forced conversion method is as follows: based on the basic type statistics table and construction project design data, first draw the two-dimensional outline plane graphics of the foundation and pile foundation of each basic type object in the graphics system, merge them into blocks, and then forcibly convert them into basic type objects; finally, set attribute information including foundation height and foundation pile foundation concrete grade on the preset operation interface of the basic type object.

6. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method for establishing basic type objects using the three-dimensional forced conversion method is as follows: based on the basic type statistics table and construction project design data, first, use the three-dimensional geometric modeling method in the graphics system to establish the three-dimensional geometry of the foundation and pile foundation of each basic type object, and then force the three-dimensional geometry to be converted into a basic type object.

7. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam type object is a functional graphic object representing the main beam part using a two-dimensional elevation front view, and is created using a parametric method or a three-dimensional forced conversion method.

8. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for creating a beam type object using the parametric method is to input the dimensional parameters of the beam structure in the preset interface and then create a beam type object on the graphics page.

9. The BIM rapid modeling method for railway bridges according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific method for creating a beam type object using the 3D forced conversion method is to first create the 3D geometry of the beam, and then forcibly convert the 3D geometry of the beam into a beam type object.

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