Periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect
By designing a composite vibration reduction superstructure consisting of a parallel dual acoustic black hole structure, a viscoelastic damping resonator, and a piezoelectric sheet at the edge of the plate structure, the problem of poor vibration reduction and noise reduction effect in traditional methods is solved, achieving efficient vibration energy dissipation and dynamic characteristic improvement while maintaining the flatness of the plate surface.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510792030.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
AI Technical Summary
Traditional vibration and noise control methods are difficult to meet the high requirements for vibration reduction and noise reduction in plate structures, and adding vibration reduction structures to plate structures will affect the stiffness and flatness of the structure.
A parallel dual acoustic black hole structure is designed at the edge of the plate structure. Combined with a viscoelastic damping resonator and a piezoelectric sheet, energy is dissipated through a piezoelectric shunt circuit to form a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect.
It effectively improves energy concentration and dissipation, suppresses plate structure vibration, improves dynamic characteristics, avoids vibration amplification and sound radiation caused by resonance, and maintains the flatness of the plate surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN120850474A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate structure vibration and noise technology, and in particular to a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect. Background Technology
[0002] Plate structures are a widely used structural form in engineering, such as automobile bodies, ship hulls, and aircraft fuselages. During operation, these machines radiate significant noise due to the vibration of the plate structure, making it one of the main noise sources for machinery and equipment.
[0003] Traditional vibration and noise control methods include reducing the size of the excitation source, increasing the stiffness and damping of the plate structure, and changing the boundary conditions of the structure. However, due to the limitations of the load-bearing and installation conditions of the structure in actual engineering, the space for changing the dynamic characteristics of the structure by setting boundary conditions is limited, making it difficult to meet the high requirements for vibration reduction and noise reduction in practical applications. In addition, plate structures in engineering, such as the surface of automobile bodies and aircraft fuselages, often need to be flat and smooth, making them unsuitable for additional vibration reduction structures. Setting acoustic black holes in the central region of the plate will reduce the overall stiffness and strength of the structure, affecting the performance of the structure's function.
[0004] Therefore, starting from the structural boundary, applying new materials and technologies such as acoustic black hole technology and piezoelectric smart materials to the edge of the plate structure, and developing a new structure that achieves vibration reduction and noise reduction through boundary conditions, has important practical significance. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Based on the technical problems in the background technology, this invention proposes a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect.
[0006] This invention proposes a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect, comprising a substrate, an edge acoustic black hole structure, a viscoelastic damping resonator, piezoelectric sheets, and a piezoelectric shunt circuit. The edge acoustic black hole structure is configured as an inner hollow structure on both sides of the substrate, and the viscoelastic damping resonator is configured as a damping material filling the inner hollow structure. Multiple steel mass blocks are embedded in the damping material. Piezoelectric sheets are disposed at positions on the edge of the substrate corresponding to the positions of the steel mass blocks. A piezoelectric shunt circuit is connected to the two poles of the piezoelectric sheets, and the multiple steel mass blocks are distributed at equal intervals.
[0007] Preferably, the two hollow structures are symmetrically arranged, and the thickness of the substrate and the hollow structure gradually decreases towards the outside in a power-law manner, with the power-law exponent being greater than two.
[0008] Preferably, the edge thickness of the substrate corresponding to the hollow structure is greater than 0.1 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the damping material is a viscoelastic rubber material, which is tightly bonded to the surface of the hollow structure, and the loss factor of the damping material is not less than 0.3.
[0010] Preferably, the multiple steel mass blocks in the damping material are of equal size, the steel mass blocks are configured as steel ball structures, and the mass of the steel mass blocks is determined by the local resonant frequency.
[0011] Preferably, the piezoelectric sheets are distributed symmetrically at the edges of the substrate.
[0012] Preferably, the width of the piezoelectric sheet is equal to the width of the hollow structure, and a gap of at least 1 mm is maintained between two adjacent piezoelectric sheets.
[0013] Preferably, the piezoelectric sheet is arranged as piezoelectric sheet one, piezoelectric sheet two, piezoelectric sheet three and piezoelectric sheet four on the four sides of the substrate. Piezoelectric sheet one and piezoelectric sheet two are located symmetrically on the same side of the substrate and are connected by a piezoelectric shunt circuit. Piezoelectric sheet three and piezoelectric sheet four are located symmetrically on the other side of the substrate and are connected by a piezoelectric shunt circuit.
[0014] Preferably, the components of the piezoelectric shunt circuit can be selected as resistors, inductors, and capacitors, and the components can be connected in parallel or in series.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0016] 1. In this invention, in terms of black hole structure design, in order to maximize the energy gathering effect, a parallel dual acoustic black hole structure is set at the edge of the plate structure. This structure keeps the plate surface flat and unchanged, and the parallel dual acoustic black holes effectively enhance the energy gathering effect.
[0017] 2. In this invention, the broadband energy gathered by the acoustic black hole is dissipated by damping. A steel ball is set inside the rubber body. The steel ball is placed in the middle region of the rubber damping material and forms a resonator with the rubber body. The periodic resonator has metamaterial bandgap characteristics and can effectively suppress the vibration of the plate structure.
[0018] 3. In this invention, the design of the piezoelectric sheet structure can change the stiffness of the plate structure and adjust the modal frequency. This design helps to improve the dynamic characteristics of the structure and avoid vibration amplification and sound radiation caused by structural resonance.
[0019] 4. In this invention, a shunt circuit is connected to the periodic piezoelectric sheet. The shunt circuit contains a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor. The resistor dissipates the mechanical energy caused by vibration. The inductor and capacitor, together with the equivalent capacitance of the piezoelectric sheet, form a resonant circuit. By designing the inductor and capacitor to match the resonant frequency, the energy dissipation effect of vibration energy at the resonant frequency can be improved. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0021] Figure 2 This invention proposes a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross-section structure;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an edge acoustic black hole structure of a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a rubber material structure for a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel mass block distribution structure of a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric shunt circuit structure for a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0026] Figure 7 The piezoelectric shunt equivalent circuit diagram of a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention is shown below.
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a purely resistive piezoelectric shunt structure with a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure having a dual-frequency resonance effect, as proposed in this invention.
[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a purely inductive piezoelectric shunt structure with a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure having a dual-frequency resonance effect, as proposed in this invention.
[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a resistive-inductive piezoelectric shunt structure with a dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a resistive-capacitive piezoelectric shunt with a periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration reduction superstructure having a dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0031] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of a resistive-inductive-capacitive piezoelectric shunt structure with a dual-frequency resonance effect proposed in this invention.
[0032] In the figure: 1. Substrate;
[0033] 2. Edge acoustic black hole structure;
[0034] 3. Viscoelastic damped resonator, 301 damping material, 302 steel mass block;
[0035] 4 piezoelectric elements, 401 piezoelectric element one, 402 piezoelectric element two, 403 piezoelectric element three, 404 piezoelectric element four;
[0036] 5. Piezoelectric shunt circuit. Detailed Implementation
[0037] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-7 A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect includes a substrate 1, and further includes an edge acoustic black hole structure 2, a viscoelastic damping resonator 3, a piezoelectric sheet 4, and a piezoelectric shunt circuit 5. The edge acoustic black hole structure 2 is configured as an inner hollow structure on both sides of the substrate 1. The viscoelastic damping resonator 3 is configured as a damping material 301 filled in the inner hollow structure. The damping material 301 contains multiple steel mass blocks 302, which form multiple black hole regions in the inner hollow structure. The edges of the substrate 1 are provided with positions corresponding to the steel mass blocks 302. A piezoelectric element 4 is connected to a piezoelectric shunt circuit 5 on its two poles. Multiple steel mass blocks 302 are evenly distributed, so that the piezoelectric element 4 is periodically distributed at the edge of the plate structure. Energy is dissipated by the acoustic black hole and the damping material, as well as by the electromechanical coupling dissipation of the piezoelectric element and the shunt circuit. This achieves dual energy dissipation. The steel mass blocks and the damping material form a local resonance of a "mass-spring" oscillator. The piezoelectric shunt circuit forms an electric resonance. The dual-frequency resonance broadens the vibration absorption frequency band. The periodic distribution of the steel mass blocks and the piezoelectric element utilizes the bandgap characteristics of metamaterials to suppress vibrations at specific frequencies and improve vibration reduction efficiency.
[0038] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-3 The two hollow structures are symmetrically arranged, and the thickness of the substrate 1 and the corresponding hollow structure gradually decreases towards the outside in a power-law manner. It should be noted that the edge acoustic black hole structure 2 is symmetrical about the middle surface of the plate, and its thickness starts from the distance r from the edge of the middle surface of the plate in a power-law manner, h(r) = εr. m The thickness gradually decreases from the inside of the plate to the edge; the power law exponent m is greater than two, the symmetrical design avoids uneven stress on the plate structure, maintains overall stiffness, and the power law exponent m>2 causes the edge thickness to decrease sharply, enhancing the "energy funnel" effect of the acoustic black hole, and rapidly concentrating the vibration energy at the center of the plate to the edge.
[0039] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-3 The edge thickness of substrate 1 corresponding to the hollow structure is greater than 0.1 mm, that is, the residual thickness of substrate 1 at the position corresponding to the black hole is greater than 0.1 mm. This avoids the risk of insufficient strength due to excessive edge thinning, such as breakage, and balances the energy gathering effect with engineering practicality.
[0040] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-5 The damping material 301 is made of viscoelastic rubber. The damping material 301 is tightly bonded to the surface of the hollow structure. The loss factor of the damping material 301 is not less than 0.3. The high loss factor rubber effectively dissipates the broadband vibration energy gathered by the acoustic black hole, especially for mid-to-high frequency noise. The elasticity of the rubber provides the "spring" stiffness for the steel mass block, forming the physical basis of the "mass-spring" resonator.
[0041] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-5 The damping material 301 contains multiple steel mass blocks 302 of equal size, which are arranged in the form of steel spheres. It should be noted that the steel spheres include spheres, ellipsoids, and other spherical or near-spherical structures. The number of distribution periods of the steel mass blocks 302 is the same as that of the piezoelectric sheet 4. The mass of the steel mass blocks 302 is determined by the local resonant frequency. This determination method can be calculated through historical experience or by establishing a mathematical model. Determining the mass of the steel spheres based on the local resonant frequency is a conventional method in this field, so its specific calculation will not be described in detail. Through mass design, the resonant frequency of the harmonic oscillator coincides with the vibration frequency of the plate structure. The large amplitude of the resonance dissipates energy. The steel mass blocks with equal periodic distribution form a metamaterial array, generating a bandgap effect and suppressing the vibration propagation in a specific frequency band. The spherical / near-spherical shape facilitates the embedding of rubber damping material and ensures uniform stress distribution, avoiding stress concentration.
[0042] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-7 The piezoelectric sheets 4 are distributed symmetrically on the four edges of the substrate 1. The piezoelectric sheets 4 are tightly bonded to the substrate 1 and vibrate together with the structure. It should be noted that for rectangular plate structures, the piezoelectric sheets 4 can be periodically distributed on the edges of the plate in a symmetrical manner on two or four sides. For non-rectangular plate structures, the piezoelectric sheets 4 can be evenly distributed on the edges of the structure. The additional stiffness of the piezoelectric sheets uniformly changes the dynamic characteristics of the plate structure, avoids resonance amplification of vibration, and the symmetrical / evenly spaced distribution ensures that the piezoelectric effect acts uniformly on the edges of the plate, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency.
[0043] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-7 The width of the piezoelectric sheet 4 is equal to the width of the hollow structure, that is, the size of the piezoelectric sheet in the direction of the edge of the plate is consistent with the size of the curvature diameter r of the black hole. A gap of at least 1 mm is maintained between two adjacent piezoelectric sheets 4 to maintain the independence of the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric sheet covers the black hole area to ensure that the vibration energy that converges to the edge is fully captured and improve the electromechanical coupling efficiency.
[0044] In this invention, reference is made to Figures 1-7 The piezoelectric elements 4 are respectively arranged as piezoelectric element 1 401, piezoelectric element 2 402, piezoelectric element 3 403 and piezoelectric element 404 on the four sides of the substrate 1. Piezoelectric element 1 401 and piezoelectric element 2 402 are located symmetrically on the same side of the substrate 1. Piezoelectric element 1 401 and piezoelectric element 2 402 are connected to a piezoelectric shunt circuit 5. Piezoelectric element 3 403 and piezoelectric element 404 are located symmetrically on the other side of the substrate 1. Piezoelectric element 3 403 and piezoelectric element 404 are connected to a piezoelectric shunt circuit 5. The symmetrical piezoelectric elements connected in series / parallel can enhance the induced electromotive force or current and improve the energy consumption efficiency of the shunt circuit. The symmetrical layout on the four sides can simultaneously suppress the vibration of the plate structure in different directions such as x and y, and realize multi-dimensional vibration reduction.
[0045] In this invention, the components of the piezoelectric shunt circuit 5 can be selected as resistors, inductors, and capacitors, and the components can be connected in parallel or in series.
[0046] In this invention, the composite vibration-damping superstructure possesses a dual energy dissipation and dual-harmonic oscillator supermaterial vibration reduction mechanism. Regarding vibration energy dissipation, on one hand, vibration energy from the central region of the plate structure is introduced to the edge of the black hole through an edge acoustic black hole, utilizing the viscoelastic damping embedded within the black hole for energy dissipation. On the other hand, energy is dissipated through piezoelectric sheets and their shunt circuits adhered to the acoustic black hole region at the edge of the plate structure, utilizing the damping of the shunt circuits for energy dissipation. Regarding dual-harmonic oscillator vibration reduction, the local resonance of a "mass-spring" oscillator is formed by the rubber damping material and embedded steel balls at the edge of the plate structure, along with the resonance of the periodic piezoelectric shunt circuit at the edge of the plate structure, thus forming a dual-oscillator supermaterial structure. This expands the vibration absorption frequency band of the edge superstructure, further enhancing the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the plate structure.
[0047] Based on the content of Example 1, different types of shunt circuits are defined according to the different selection of components in the piezoelectric shunt circuit:
[0048] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figure 8 As shown, it is set as a pure resistive piezoelectric shunt type, with the two poles of the piezoelectric element directly connected to the resistor. The charge generated by the piezoelectric effect is converted into heat energy and dissipated through the resistor. It has a simple structure, low cost, and is suitable for scenarios where frequency selection is not required.
[0049] Example 3, based on Example 1, such as Figure 9 As shown, it is set as a pure inductive piezoelectric shunt type, with the piezoelectric element connected in series with an inductor, and the inductor and the equivalent capacitance of the piezoelectric element forming a series resonant circuit.
[0050] Example 4, based on Example 1, such as Figure 10As shown, it is set as a resistor-inductor type piezoelectric shunt, with the piezoelectric element connected to a resistor and an inductor in series or parallel. The resistor provides wideband dissipation, and the inductor introduces resonance characteristics, forming a damping-frequency selective composite effect, which takes into account both wideband dissipation and single frequency enhancement, and is suitable for scenarios where the vibration frequency has a small drift.
[0051] Example 5, based on Example 1, such as Figure 11 As shown, it is set as a resistor-capacitor type piezoelectric shunt, with the piezoelectric element connected to a resistor and capacitor in series or parallel. The capacitor shunts high-frequency charge, and the resistor dissipates low-frequency energy, improving the high-frequency response. If the board structure has high-frequency noise such as ultrasonic vibration, the RC circuit can effectively suppress the high-frequency vibration energy radiation.
[0052] Example 6, based on Example 1, such as Figure 12 As shown, it is set as a resistor-inductor-capacitor type piezoelectric shunt, with the piezoelectric element connected in series or parallel to a resistor, inductor or capacitor. The attached figure only shows some examples. The series and parallel connection method can be changed as needed, and it can be set as a multi-branch structure. The hybrid circuit is suitable for multi-frequency or wide-frequency scenarios. The multi-branch design can realize precise control of multi-modal vibration.
[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect, comprising a substrate (1), characterized in that, It also includes an edge acoustic black hole structure (2), a viscoelastic damping resonator (3), a piezoelectric sheet (4), and a piezoelectric shunt circuit (5). The edge acoustic black hole structure (2) is set as an inner hollow structure on both sides of the substrate (1). The viscoelastic damping resonator (3) is set as a damping material (301) filled in the inner hollow structure. The damping material (301) contains multiple steel mass blocks (302). The piezoelectric sheet (4) is set at the position corresponding to the steel mass block (302) on the edge of the substrate (1). The piezoelectric shunt circuit (5) is connected to the two poles of the piezoelectric sheet (4). The multiple steel mass blocks (302) are distributed at equal distances.
2. The periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two hollow structures are symmetrically arranged, and the thickness of the substrate (1) and the hollow structure gradually decreases towards the outside in a power law manner, with the power law exponent being greater than two.
3. The periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the edge corresponding to the hollow structure of the substrate (1) is greater than 0.1 mm.
4. The periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping material (301) is made of viscoelastic rubber material, and the damping material (301) is tightly bonded to the surface of the hollow structure. The loss factor of the damping material (301) is not less than 0.
3.
5. The periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping material (301) contains a plurality of steel mass blocks (302) of equal size, the steel mass blocks (302) are configured as steel ball structures, and the mass of the steel mass blocks (302) is determined by the local resonant frequency.
6. A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The piezoelectric elements (4) are distributed symmetrically on the edges of the substrate (1).
7. A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the piezoelectric sheet (4) is equal to the width of the hollow structure, and a gap of at least 1 mm is maintained between two adjacent piezoelectric sheets (4).
8. A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The piezoelectric sheet (4) is respectively arranged as piezoelectric sheet one (401), piezoelectric sheet two (402), piezoelectric sheet three (403) and piezoelectric sheet four (404) on the four sides of the substrate (1). Piezoelectric sheet one (401) and piezoelectric sheet two (402) are located symmetrically on the same side of the substrate (1). Piezoelectric sheet one (401) and piezoelectric sheet two (402) are connected by a piezoelectric shunt circuit (5). Piezoelectric sheet three (403) and piezoelectric sheet four (404) are located symmetrically on the other side of the substrate (1). Piezoelectric sheet three (403) and piezoelectric sheet four (404) are connected by a piezoelectric shunt circuit (5).
9. A periodic piezoelectric edge composite vibration-damping superstructure with dual-frequency resonance effect according to claim 8, characterized in that, The components of the piezoelectric shunt circuit (5) can be selected as resistors, inductors and capacitors, and the components can be connected in parallel or in series.