A coil cooling immersion tank coupled with a co2 energy storage system

Abstract

The application discloses a coil cooling immersed box coupled with a CO2 energy storage system, which comprises a box, a box cover and a cooling coil. The box is filled with a cooling liquid, the density of the cooling liquid decreases with the increase of temperature in a temperature range required for cooling, a cooling piece is immersed in the cooling liquid, the cooling liquid forms a cycle around the cooling piece, and a vertical channel is arranged in the box. The box cover is combined with the box. The cooling coil is installed in the vertical channel. The circulating medium in the cooling coil is subcritical carbon dioxide. The cooling coil is coupled with the CO2 energy storage system, so that the simple structure and convenient installation are achieved, the temperature difference in the box is reduced through the heat absorption of the phase change of CO2, and the cooling efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CO2 energy storage and cooling technology, specifically to a coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most common way to dissipate heat from electronic system components (such as battery packs, PCS, and data center systems in lithium-ion energy storage power stations) is to use a bottom liquid cooling plate structure. This only dissipates heat at the bottom, resulting in a large temperature difference between the top and bottom of the electrical components inside the enclosure, which affects their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system, which features a simple structure, convenient installation, and high cooling efficiency by reducing the internal temperature difference of the enclosure through CO2 phase change heat absorption.

[0004] This invention provides a coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system, comprising an enclosure, an enclosure cover, and cooling coils;

[0005] The chamber is filled with coolant, and the density of the coolant decreases as the temperature increases within the required cooling temperature range. The parts to be cooled are immersed in the coolant, and the coolant circulates around the parts. The chamber is provided with vertical channels.

[0006] The lid of the box is closed with the box body;

[0007] The cooling coil is installed in a vertical channel and is connected to an external circulation system. The circulating medium in the cooling coil is subcritical carbon dioxide, and the cooling coil is coupled to a CO2 energy storage system.

[0008] Preferably, the CO2 energy storage system is a CO2 energy storage power generation system, a constant pressure compressed air energy storage system, or an air and CO2 dual-medium energy storage power generation system.

[0009] Preferably, the CO2 energy storage and power generation system includes a carbon dioxide storage tank, a compressor unit, a refrigeration unit, a liquefied buffer tank, a CO2 liquid storage tank, and a turbine expander generator unit connected in sequence from end to end, and the cooling coil is connected between the CO2 liquid storage tank and the turbine expander generator unit.

[0010] Preferably, the constant pressure compressed air energy storage system includes a constant pressure diaphragm tank, which contains a CO2 storage chamber made of a flexible membrane. The pressure in the CO2 storage chamber is the same as the pressure in the constant pressure diaphragm tank. The constant pressure diaphragm tank is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage expander unit. The CO2 storage chamber is connected to a refrigeration unit and a gas-liquid separator tank. The refrigeration unit is connected to a CO2 liquid storage tank. The CO2 liquid storage tank is connected to one end of a cooling coil via a CO2 liquid circulation pump. The other end of the cooling coil is connected to the gas-liquid separator tank. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator tank is connected to the CO2 liquid storage tank.

[0011] Preferably, the CO2 dual-working-fluid energy storage and power generation system includes a constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank, which is provided with a CO2 storage chamber surrounded by a flexible diaphragm. The constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage turbine unit respectively. The CO2 storage chamber is sequentially connected to a CO2 compressor, a refrigeration unit, a CO2 liquid storage tank, a throttling and pressure reducing valve, a cooling coil, and the CO2 turbine.

[0012] Preferably, the inlet and outlet of the cooling coil are located on the walls of the housing at both ends of the housing, the cooling coil passes through the walls of the housing at both ends of the housing and is connected to the connector, and a sealing structure is provided between the cooling coil and the housing wall.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling coils are located on both sides, in the middle, or both sides and in the middle of the housing.

[0014] Preferably, a partition is provided between the cooling coil and the component to be cooled, the partition forms a vertical channel with the side wall of the housing, the bottom of the partition is higher than the bottom surface of the housing so that the vertical channel is connected to the space where the component to be cooled is located at the bottom, and the liquid level of the coolant is higher than the top of the partition.

[0015] Preferably, the coolant is a hydrocarbon coolant or silicone oil.

[0016] Preferably, the component to be cooled is a battery module, a lithium battery energy storage system battery PACK, a lithium battery energy storage system PCS, or a data center system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. This invention couples the cooling coil in the immersion tank with the CO2 energy storage system. The heat required for the phase change of CO2 liquid is provided by the heating element to be cooled in the immersion tank, eliminating the need for additional heating equipment and reducing the overall system energy consumption and system investment costs.

[0019] 2. Utilizing a coil-type cooling structure, the coils are only arranged on both sides of the enclosure, with the inlet and outlet connected to the front of the enclosure. Installation inside the enclosure is simple and convenient, and coil removal and installation do not affect other components inside the enclosure. The coils are connected to the side walls of the enclosure using a hook-like connection. The CO2 inlet and outlet are located at the front of the enclosure. Coil removal and installation do not affect other components, resulting in a simple structure and convenient installation.

[0020] 3. The cooling medium inside the coil is CO2, which utilizes phase change cooling to improve cooling efficiency. The medium circulating inside the coil is subcritical liquid CO2. Utilizing the principle of CO2 phase change endothermic absorption, it removes heat from the cooling liquid inside the tank. Simultaneously, during the CO2 phase change process, the inlet and outlet CO2 temperatures can be maintained within 1°C, reducing the temperature difference of the submerged coolant inside the tank and improving cooling efficiency.

[0021] 4. The cooling coils are placed in the gaps on both sides of the enclosure, allowing the submerged coolant to naturally flow through a temperature gradient, resulting in more thorough and efficient cooling. When the components inside the enclosure heat up, the submerged coolant naturally flows upwards after its temperature rises, cools them, and then naturally flows downwards, returning from the bottom channel to the top, forming a natural circulation process. The submerged coolant can cool thoroughly and efficiently, preventing localized heat buildup in the components.

[0022] 5. The immersion coolant uses hydrocarbon coolant, silicone oil and other materials with high flash point, large specific heat capacity and high thermal conductivity, which can not only meet the cooling requirements, but also avoid the safety problems caused by thermal runaway of lithium battery.

[0023] 6. Add baffles between the coils on both sides and the parts to be cooled, so that the heat in this area naturally flows up and down, avoiding lateral flow and exacerbating the natural turbulence of the coolant inside the entire housing, thus making the cooling more complete. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the box cover of Example 1 has been removed;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the box cover is removed in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the box cover is removed in Example 3;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the box cover is removed in Example 4;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 6;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 7;

[0034] 1. Box body; 2. Box cover; 21. Hook; 22. Partition; 3. Cooling coil; 31. Inlet / outlet connector; 4. Battery module; 5. Electronic function plug-in; 61. Carbon dioxide storage tank; 62. Compressor unit; 62. First compressor; 621. Second compressor; 622. Refrigeration unit; 63. Liquefaction buffer tank; 64. CO2 storage tank; 65. Turbine expander generator set; 66. First turbine expander generator; 661. Second turbine expander generator; 662. First hot water tank; 67. First cold water tank; 68. Constant pressure diaphragm tank; 71. First CO2 storage chamber; 72. Third compressor; 731. Fourth compressor. 732, fifth compressor 733, first expander 741, second expander 742, third expander 743, refrigeration unit 75, gas-liquid separator 76, CO2 liquid storage tank 77, second hot water tank 78, second cold water tank 79, constant pressure diaphragm pressure tank 81, second CO2 gas storage chamber 82, sixth compressor 831, fourth compressor 832, first turbine 841, second turbine 842, CO2 compressor 85, refrigeration unit 86, CO2 liquid storage tank 87, CO2 turbine 88, third hot water tank 891, third cold water tank 892. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention; however, the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown, taking a battery as an example, a coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled with a CO2 energy storage system includes an enclosure 1, an enclosure cover 2, a cooling coil 3, inlet and outlet connectors 31 of the cooling coil 3, a battery module 4, and electronic function plug-in 5.

[0039] The enclosure 1 and the cover 2 are connected by bolts and sealed at the contact surface. The cover 2 is equipped with a coolant inlet 21 and an explosion-proof valve 22.

[0040] The cooling coil 3 is formed by coiling a single tube and is assembled with the housing 1. Inlet and outlet connectors 31 are located at the front of the housing 1, and hooks 21 are installed on the housing 1 for securing the cooling coil 3. The inlet and outlet connectors 31 are fixed to the housing 1 and sealed at the perforations. The housing 1 is filled with coolant, which dissipates heat from the battery module 4, reaching above the top of the cooling coil 3. The coolant inside the housing 1 is used to dissipate heat from the battery module 4. The circulating medium in the cooling coil 3 is subcritical liquid CO2. Utilizing the CO2 phase change endothermic principle, the internal coolant is cooled. Simultaneously, the temperature remains relatively constant during the CO2 phase change, allowing the coolant inside the housing 1 to dissipate heat effectively. The inlet and outlet CO2 temperatures can be maintained within 1°C, reducing the temperature difference of the coolant inside the housing, improving cooling efficiency, and ensuring minimal temperature difference in the battery module.

[0041] The coolant used for immersion is a hydrocarbon coolant or silicone oil, which has the characteristics of high flash point, large specific heat capacity and high thermal conductivity. It can meet the cooling requirements and avoid the safety problems caused by thermal runaway of lithium battery.

[0042] Cooling coils 3 are evenly distributed on both sides of the housing 1 to ensure full contact between the high-temperature coolant and the coils 3. Simultaneously, as the coolant temperature decreases, it flows downwards through the gaps, preventing localized heat buildup in the coolant submerged within the housing 1. The distance between the battery modules on both sides inside the housing is greater than the distance between the modules themselves, ensuring maximum fluid flow in this area. Furthermore, the distance between the coils and the battery modules is less than the distance from the side walls of the housing, further enhancing the flow of coolant in this area.

[0043] Cooling coil 3 is positioned in the side gaps within the enclosure, with a greater spacing on both sides than in other areas. This maximizes the flow of coolant throughout the enclosure, ensuring all internal coolant heat exchange occurs at this location. When the battery modules inside the enclosure heat up, the submerged coolant naturally flows upwards after cooling, then flows downwards again, returning to the top through the bottom channel, creating a natural circulation process. This efficient cooling prevents localized heat buildup within the battery modules, extending their lifespan.

[0044] The technical solution described in this invention is applicable to the exterior of the battery box, and the cooling structure can also be applied to applications where electronic components in lithium-ion energy storage systems (PACKs), PCS, and data center systems generate heat slowly and require minimal temperature differences.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, a partition 22 is provided between the two side coils 2 and the component to be cooled, and the rest is the same as in Embodiment 1. This allows the heat on the surface of the battery to naturally flow up and down, avoiding left and right flow and aggravating the natural disturbance of the coolant inside the entire box, thus making the cooling more thorough.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the cooling coils 3 are arranged on both sides and in the middle of the cabinet. The arrangement of three cooling coils on both sides and in the middle makes the cooling inside the cabinet more efficient.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, the cooling coil 3 is located in the middle of the housing 1, and a partition 22 is provided between the cooling coil 3 and the battery. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1. The cooling coil 3 is arranged in the middle area of ​​the housing 1, where the battery has a relatively large gap, maximizing the flow of coolant throughout the housing. All the internal coolant undergoes heat exchange in this area. When the battery inside the housing heats up, the internally immersed coolant naturally flows upwards after its temperature rises, and after cooling, it naturally flows downwards, returning from the bottom channel to the top, forming a natural circulation process. The internally immersed coolant can cool sufficiently and efficiently, preventing localized heat accumulation in the internal battery modules and improving battery life.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] like Figure 7As shown, the CO2 energy storage and power generation system includes a carbon dioxide storage tank 61, a compressor unit 62, a refrigeration unit 63, a liquefaction buffer tank 64, a CO2 liquid storage tank 65, and a turbine expander generator set 66, which are connected end to end in sequence. The two ends of the cooling coil are connected to the CO2 liquid storage tank and the turbine expander generator set, respectively.

[0053] The compressor unit 62 includes a first compressor 621 and a second compressor 622 connected in sequence. The turbine expander generator unit 66 includes a first turbine expander generator 661 and a second turbine expander generator 662 connected in sequence.

[0054] It also includes a first hot water tank 67 and a first cold water tank 68, which are connected by pipes and the medium water can circulate between them. The first hot water tank 67 is used to heat CO2 flowing out from the cooling coil and from the first turbine expander 661 through a heat exchanger. The first cold water tank 68 is used to cool CO2 flowing out from the first compressor 621 and the second compressor 622 through a heat exchanger.

[0055] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, the constant pressure compressed air energy storage system includes a constant pressure diaphragm tank 71. The constant pressure diaphragm tank 71 contains a first CO2 storage chamber 72 made of a flexible membrane. The pressure inside the CO2 storage chamber is the same as the pressure inside the constant pressure diaphragm tank. The constant pressure diaphragm tank 71 is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage expander unit. This embodiment uses a three-stage compressor unit and a three-stage expander unit. The three-stage compressor unit includes a third compressor 731, a fourth compressor 732, and a fifth compressor 733 connected in sequence. The three-stage expander unit includes a first expander 741, a second expander 742, and a third expander 743 connected in sequence. The first CO2 storage chamber 72 is connected to the refrigeration unit 75 and the gas-liquid separator 76 respectively. The refrigeration unit 75 is connected to the CO2 liquid storage tank 77. The CO2 liquid storage tank 77 is connected to one end of the cooling coil through the CO2 liquid circulation pump. The other end of the cooling coil is connected to the gas-liquid separator 76. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator 76 is connected to the CO2 liquid storage tank 77.

[0058] It also includes a second hot water tank 78 and a second cold water tank 79, which are connected by pipes and the medium water can circulate between them. The second hot water tank 78 is used to heat the gas CO2 flowing from the gas-liquid separator 76 to the CO2 storage chamber and the air flowing from the constant pressure diaphragm tank 71, the first expander 741, and the second expander 742 through a heat exchanger. The second cold water tank 79 is used to cool the air flowing from the third compressor 731, the fourth compressor 732, and the fifth compressor 733 through a heat exchanger.

[0059] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 7

[0061] like Figure 9 As shown, the CO2 dual-fluid energy storage and power generation system includes a constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank 81. The constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank 81 contains a second CO2 storage chamber 82 formed by a flexible diaphragm. The constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank 81 is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage turbine unit. In this embodiment, the multi-stage compressor unit is a two-stage compressor unit, and the multi-stage turbine unit is a two-stage turbine unit. The two-stage compressor unit includes a sixth compressor 831 and a fourth compressor 832 connected in sequence. The two-stage turbine unit includes a first turbine 841 and a second turbine 842 connected in sequence.

[0062] The CO2 storage chamber 82 is sequentially connected to the CO2 compressor 85, the refrigeration unit 86, the CO2 liquid storage tank 87, the throttling and pressure reducing valve, the cooling coil 3, and the CO2 turbine 88.

[0063] It also includes a third hot water tank 891 and a third cold water tank 892, which are connected by pipes and the medium water can circulate between them. The third hot water tank 891 is used to heat the gaseous CO2 flowing from the cooling coil 3 to the CO2 leveling machine through a heat exchanger. The second cold water tank 79 is used to cool the gaseous CO2 flowing from the CO2 compressor 85 to the refrigeration unit 86 through a heat exchanger.

[0064] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes a housing, a lid, and cooling coils; the lid fits onto the housing. The chamber is filled with coolant, the density of which decreases as the temperature increases within the required cooling temperature range. The parts to be cooled are immersed in the coolant, and the coolant circulates around the parts. The chamber is equipped with vertical channels. The cooling coil is installed in a vertical channel, and the circulating medium in the cooling coil is subcritical carbon dioxide. The cooling coil is coupled to a CO2 energy storage system. A partition is provided between the cooling coil and the component to be cooled. The partition forms a vertical channel with the side wall of the housing. The bottom of the partition is higher than the bottom surface of the housing, so that the vertical channel is connected to the space where the component to be cooled is located at the bottom. The liquid level of the coolant is higher than the top of the partition.

2. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CO2 energy storage system is a CO2 energy storage power generation system, a constant pressure compressed air energy storage system, or an air and CO2 dual-medium energy storage power generation system.

3. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The CO2 energy storage and power generation system includes a carbon dioxide storage tank, a compressor unit, a refrigeration unit, a liquefaction buffer tank, a CO2 liquid storage tank, and a turbine expander generator unit connected in sequence. The cooling coil is connected between the CO2 liquid storage tank and the turbine expander generator unit.

4. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The constant pressure compressed air energy storage system includes a constant pressure diaphragm tank. The constant pressure diaphragm tank contains a CO2 storage chamber made of a flexible membrane. The pressure inside the CO2 storage chamber is the same as the pressure inside the constant pressure diaphragm tank. The constant pressure diaphragm tank is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage expander unit. The CO2 storage chamber is connected to a refrigeration unit and a gas-liquid separator tank. The refrigeration unit is connected to a CO2 liquid storage tank. The CO2 liquid storage tank is connected to one end of a cooling coil via a CO2 liquid circulation pump. The other end of the cooling coil is connected to the gas-liquid separator tank. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator tank is connected to the CO2 liquid storage tank.

5. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air and CO2 dual-working-fluid energy storage and power generation system includes a constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank, which contains a CO2 storage chamber surrounded by a flexible diaphragm. The constant-pressure diaphragm pressure tank is connected to a multi-stage compressor unit and a multi-stage turbine unit. The CO2 storage chamber is sequentially connected to a CO2 compressor, a refrigeration unit, a CO2 liquid storage tank, a throttling and pressure reducing valve, a cooling coil, and the CO2 turbine.

6. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the cooling coil are located on the walls of the housing at both ends of the housing. The cooling coil passes through the walls of the housing at both ends of the housing and is connected to the connector. A sealing structure is provided between the cooling coil and the housing wall.

7. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling coils are located on both sides, in the middle, or both sides and in the middle of the housing.

8. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant is a hydrocarbon coolant or silicone oil.

9. The coil-cooled immersion enclosure coupled to a CO2 energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components to be cooled are battery modules, lithium battery storage system battery packs, lithium battery storage system PCS, or data center systems.

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