Permanent magnet synchronous motor and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator structure and a rotor structure, the stator structure is sleeved outside the rotor structure, the stator structure comprises a stator core (1), the rotor structure comprises a rotor core (3), the stator core (1) comprises a stator slot (2), the stator slot (2) comprises a first stator slot (21) and a second stator slot (22), under one pole, when the d-axis of the rotor structure coincides with the magnetic pole center line of the stator structure, the first stator slot (21) is located on both sides of the q-axis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and adjacent to the q-axis, the second stator slot (22) is located between the two first stator slots (21) on both sides of the d-axis, the slot opening width of the first stator slot (21) is B1, the slot opening width of the second stator slot (22) is B0, and B1 < B0. According to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the motor cogging torque and motor torque ripple can be reduced, the motor harmonic content is reduced, and the motor noise and vibration are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, to a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of electric vehicles, the drive motor plays a crucial role in energy conversion, and its performance directly affects the vehicle's power, driving range, and driving experience. In particular, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), due to their unique torque density, high efficiency, excellent steady-state performance, and reliability, have become the preferred choice in the electric or hybrid vehicle industry.

[0003] NVH performance directly impacts the driving comfort and user satisfaction of new energy vehicles, and has become a key indicator of their competitiveness. At the same time, controlling the cost of motors has become particularly urgent; how to maximize output torque within limited materials and costs has become a major challenge for motor designers.

[0004] Therefore, the research and development of motors must take into account NVH optimization and cost-effectiveness, and seek innovative structural designs to minimize material usage, maximize torque output, reduce operating noise and vibration, improve the user's driving experience, and enhance the overall cost-effectiveness and market competitiveness of new energy vehicles.

[0005] Due to structural design limitations, existing motors have large cogging torque and motor torque pulsation, resulting in significant noise and vibration, which affects motor performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor and vehicle that can reduce motor cogging torque and motor torque pulsation, reduce motor harmonic content, and reduce motor noise and vibration.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided, comprising a stator structure and a rotor structure, wherein the stator structure is sleeved outside the rotor structure, the stator structure includes a stator core, the rotor structure includes a rotor core, the stator core includes stator slots, and the stator slots include a first stator slot and a second stator slot. Under one pole, when the d-axis of the rotor structure coincides with the magnetic pole centerline of the stator structure, the first stator slot is located on both sides of the q-axis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is adjacent to the q-axis, and the second stator slot is located between the two first stator slots on both sides of the d-axis. The slot opening width of the first stator slot is B1, and the slot opening width of the second stator slot is B0, where B1 < B0.

[0008] Furthermore, 0.6 ≤ B1 / B0 ≤ 0.8.

[0009] Furthermore, 0.5mm≤B0-B1≤1mm.

[0010] Furthermore, 1.8mm≤B1≤2.2mm, 2.5mm≤B0≤3mm.

[0011] Furthermore, a groove is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core at the position corresponding to the first stator slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotor core includes an outer circle of the rotor. In a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core, the bottom of the groove has a first side. A magnetic slot is provided on the rotor core. The side of the magnetic slot near the outer circle of the rotor is a second side. Both the first and second sides are circular arcs. The outer circle of the rotor, the first side, and the second side are concentric, and the center of the circle is the axis of the rotor core. A magnetic bridge is formed between the first side and the outer circle of the rotor and the second side.

[0013] Furthermore, the radius of the outer circle of the rotor is R0, the radius of the first side is R1, the radius of the second side is R2, 0.2 mm≤R0-R1≤0.4mm, and 1mm≤R1-R2≤1.3mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the first end of the first side is connected to the outer circle of the rotor via the third side, and the second end of the first side is connected to the outer circle of the rotor via the fourth side, with the included angle between the third side and the fourth side being greater than or equal to 90°.

[0015] Furthermore, the intersection of the third side and the outer circle of the rotor is the first intersection point, and the intersection of the fourth side and the outer circle of the rotor is the second intersection point. The angle between the line connecting the first intersection point and the center of the circle and the line connecting the second intersection point and the center of the circle is α, where 3°≤α≤4°.

[0016] Furthermore, at one pole, when the center line of the magnetic pole of the stator core coincides with the d-axis of the rotor core, the angle between the center line I2 of the groove and the center line I1 of the corresponding first stator slot is b, 0.2°≤b≤0.3°.

[0017] According to another invention of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the aforementioned permanent magnet synchronous motor, the vehicle having a load capacity of 4.5t to 6t, the permanent magnet synchronous motor having an outer diameter of 230mm and a power of 100Kw to 120Kw.

[0018] Applying the technical solution of this invention, the permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a stator slot structure with unequal widths. By setting narrower first stator slots on both sides of the q-axis and wider second stator slots in other positions, the magnetic reluctance of the main magnetic flux path is adjusted. The q-axis, as the main path direction with the highest magnetic field strength, benefits from the narrow slot design, which significantly reduces the magnetic reluctance in this region. This allows the magnetic lines of force to transition smoothly between the stator teeth on both sides of the slot, thus avoiding abrupt changes in magnetic flux density. Simultaneously, the wide slot design in the non-q-axis region ensures normal magnetic reluctance variation in the magnetic circuit, creating a smooth gradient in the magnetic reluctance distribution. This smooth magnetic reluctance gradient helps suppress the rate of change of magnetic reluctance, thereby reducing cogging torque and simultaneously lowering torque ripple and harmonic content, improving the smoothness and efficiency of motor operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the stator core of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the rotor core of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the mating structure of the rotor core and stator core of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cogging torque of a motor in the related technology is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cogging torque of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of torque ripple in a motor of the relevant technology is shown;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of torque pulsation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Stator core; 2. Stator slot; 21. First stator slot; 22. Second stator slot; 3. Rotor core; 31. Rotor outer circle; 32. First side; 33. Third side; 34. Fourth side; 35. Groove; 4. Magnet slot; 41. Second side; 5. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator structure and a rotor structure. The stator structure is sleeved outside the rotor structure. The stator structure includes a stator core 1, and the rotor structure includes a rotor core 3. The stator core 1 includes stator slots 2, and the stator slots 2 include a first stator slot 21 and a second stator slot 22. Under one pole, when the d-axis of the rotor structure coincides with the magnetic pole center line of the stator structure, the first stator slot 21 is located on both sides of the q-axis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is adjacent to the q-axis. The second stator slot 22 is located between the two first stator slots 21 on both sides of the d-axis. The slot opening width of the first stator slot 21 is B1, and the slot opening width of the second stator slot 22 is B0, where B1 < B0.

[0032] The permanent magnet synchronous motor employs a stator slot structure with unequal widths. By setting narrower first stator slots 21 on both sides of the q-axis and wider second stator slots 22 in other locations, the reluctance of the main magnetic flux path is adjusted. The narrow slot design significantly reduces the reluctance in the q-axis region, where the magnetic field strength is highest, allowing for a smooth transition of magnetic lines of force between the stator teeth on both sides of the slot, thus avoiding abrupt changes in magnetic flux density. Simultaneously, the wider slot design in the non-q-axis regions ensures normal reluctance variation in the magnetic circuit, creating a smooth gradient in the reluctance distribution. This smooth reluctance gradient helps suppress the rate of reluctance change, thereby reducing cogging torque and simultaneously lowering torque ripple and harmonic content, improving the smoothness and efficiency of motor operation.

[0033] The first stator slot 21 is located on both sides of the q-axis and is adjacent to the q-axis. Its slot width B1 is smaller than the slot width B0 of the second stator slot 22. By utilizing the magnetic field characteristics of the motor and adjusting the stator slot width, the magnetic flux distribution can be optimized, reducing the magnetic flux difference across the entire rotor circumference. The smaller B1 width reduces the nonlinear magnetic reluctance change in the q-axis direction, thereby reducing the generation of cogging torque.

[0034] From the appendix Figure 5 and 6As can be seen from the simulation comparison chart, the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in this embodiment is reduced from 3.12 Nm in the traditional scheme to 2.41 Nm, a reduction of 23%. This means that the unstable torque generated by the motor under no-load conditions is effectively suppressed, which will significantly improve the starting performance and smoothness of the motor, especially under low-speed conditions.

[0035] From the appendix Figure 7 and 8 The simulation results comparison chart shows that, under the same output torque, the torque ripple of the proposed solution is only 3.6%, compared with 5.12% of the traditional solution, demonstrating better dynamic performance and smaller torque fluctuation, which directly improves the efficiency and NVH performance of the motor.

[0036] In one embodiment, 0.6 ≤ B1 / B0 ≤ 0.8.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio between the slot width B1 of the first stator slot 21 and the width B0 of the second stator slot 22 to be between 0.6 and 0.8, the magnetic reluctance changes in the q-axis and d-axis directions can be effectively balanced during motor operation, especially during high-speed rotation. This significantly reduces cogging torque and torque pulsation, optimizes the NVH performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, ensures the stability and mechanical strength of the rotor under complex working conditions, and improves the motor's working efficiency and overall cost-effectiveness.

[0038] In one embodiment, 0.5mm ≤ B0 - B1 ≤ 1mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, by precisely controlling the difference between the slot width B0 of the second stator slot 22 and the slot width B1 of the first stator slot 21 within the range of 0.5mm to 1mm, fine adjustment of the magnetic reluctance in the q-axis direction can be achieved during motor operation, especially during high-speed rotor rotation. This effectively reduces cogging torque, decreases torque pulsation, and optimizes the harmonic characteristics of the motor, thereby significantly improving the NVH performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. This ensures that the motor exhibits excellent dynamic stability and mechanical reliability under different operating conditions, while also reducing costs and improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the motor.

[0040] In one embodiment, 1.8mm≤B1≤2.2mm, 2.5mm≤B0≤3mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, by limiting the slot width B1 of the first stator slot 21 to 1.8mm to 2.2mm and setting the slot width B0 of the second stator slot 22 to 2.5mm to 3mm, precise control of the motor flux path can be achieved during motor operation, especially under dynamic conditions of rapid rotor rotation. This effectively reduces cogging torque and torque pulsation, while optimizing harmonic characteristics and significantly improving the NVH performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. This ensures that the motor maintains low noise, low vibration, and high mechanical strength and reliability in harsh environments while outputting high efficiency.

[0042] In one embodiment, a groove 35 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 3 at the position corresponding to the first stator slot 21.

[0043] In traditional designs, the magnetic flux density near the q-axis on the outer circumference of the rotor is relatively high, which leads to a distortion in the distribution of magnetic flux density in the air gap of the motor, resulting in increased torque pulsation and harmonic content.

[0044] In this embodiment, by creating a groove 35 on the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 3 corresponding to the position of the first stator slot 21, the air gap magnetic flux density can be adjusted in the region of high magnetic flux density near the q-axis. This allows the air gap magnetic flux density distortion at this position to be weakened during motor operation, especially during the dynamic rotation of the rotor, by the corresponding setting of the groove 35 and the first stator slot 21, thus harmonizing the air gap magnetic field, reducing the magnetic permeability difference between the q-axis and the d-axis, effectively reducing cogging torque and torque pulsation, and reducing harmonic content. This significantly improves the NVH performance of the motor and ensures the smooth operation and mechanical strength of the motor at high speeds.

[0045] The groove design alters the surface structure of the rotor's outer edge, optimizes the distribution of the air gap magnetic field, and reduces the rate of change in magnetic permeability between the permanent magnet and the stator slot, thereby reducing harmonic content and torque fluctuations caused by magnetic field variations. Furthermore, by changing the geometry of the magnetic isolation bridge, the groove design reduces the stress on the bridge during high-speed rotor operation, improving the mechanical strength and reliability of the motor rotor and ensuring safe operation of the motor under extreme conditions.

[0046] In one embodiment, the rotor core 3 includes an outer rotor circle 31. In a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core 3, the bottom of a groove 35 has a first side 32. A magnetic slot 4 is formed on the rotor core 3. The side of the magnetic slot 4 closest to the outer rotor circle 31 is a second side 41. Both the first side 32 and the second side 41 are arcs. The outer rotor circle 31, the first side 32, and the second side 41 are concentric, with their centers being the axis of the rotor core 3. A magnetic bridge is formed between the first side 32 and the outer rotor circle 31 and the second side 41. The centers of the outer rotor circle 31, the first side 32, and the second side 41 are all O.

[0047] In this embodiment, by designing the outer circle 31 of the rotor, the first side 32 of the bottom of the groove 35 on the rotor core 3, and the second side 41 of the magnet slot 4 near the outer circle 31 of the rotor as concentric arcs, and sharing the same center with the axis of the rotor core 3, a magnetic isolation bridge with a specific structure is formed. This can effectively control the path of the magnetic lines of force during motor operation, reduce magnetic leakage, optimize the magnetic flux density distribution, thereby significantly reducing torque pulsation and cogging torque, improving the NVH characteristics of the motor, and ensuring the stable operation performance and high mechanical durability of the motor under complex working conditions.

[0048] In one embodiment, the radius of the outer circle 31 of the rotor is R0, the radius of the first side 32 is R1, the radius of the second side 41 is R2, 0.2 mm≤R0-R1≤0.4 mm, and 1 mm≤R1-R2≤1.3 mm.

[0049] In this embodiment, by precisely designing the relationship between the radius R0 of the rotor outer circle 31, the radius R1 of the first side 32 at the bottom of the groove, and the radius R2 of the second side 41 of the magnet slot 4, the difference between R0 and R1 is ensured to be between 0.2mm and 0.4mm, and the difference between R1 and R2 is between 1mm and 1.3mm. This effectively controls the stress of the magnetic bridge, reduces magnetic leakage, and optimizes the distribution of the air gap magnetic field during motor operation, especially when the rotor is rotating dynamically. This significantly reduces cogging torque and torque pulsation, improves the harmonic characteristics of the motor, increases the output torque of the motor, ensures the smooth operation and mechanical strength of the motor at high speeds, and reduces NVH problems.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first end of the first side 32 is connected to the outer circle 31 of the rotor via the third side 33, and the second end of the first side 32 is connected to the outer circle 31 of the rotor via the fourth side 34. The included angle between the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 is greater than or equal to 90°.

[0051] In this embodiment, the two ends of the first side 32 are connected to the outer circle 31 of the rotor via the third side 33 and the fourth side 34, respectively. The included angle between the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 is designed to be greater than or equal to 90°, which allows the groove 35 to form a smoother connection structure between the first side 32 at the bottom and the outer circle 31 of the rotor via the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 on both sides. This ensures a smooth transition between the location of the groove 35 and the change in the magnetic flux density of the air gap on both sides, effectively reducing torque pulsation and cogging torque caused by sudden changes in the magnetic field. At the same time, it significantly improves the mechanical strength of the rotor core 3 and avoids stress concentration, thereby improving the electromagnetic performance of the motor while ensuring the stability and reliability of the rotor.

[0052] In one embodiment, the intersection of the third side 33 and the outer circle 31 of the rotor is the first intersection point, and the intersection of the fourth side 34 and the outer circle 31 of the rotor is the second intersection point. The angle between the line connecting the first intersection point and the center of the circle and the line connecting the second intersection point and the center of the circle is α, where 3°≤α≤4°.

[0053] In this embodiment, the intersection of the third side 33 and the outer circle 31 of the rotor is defined as the first intersection point, and the intersection of the fourth side 34 and the outer circle of the rotor is defined as the second intersection point. The angle α formed by the first intersection point, the second intersection point and the center of the circle is set within the range of 3° to 4°. Thus, by limiting the circumferential angles at both ends of the groove, the circumferential width of the groove 35 is limited. When the rotor rotates at high speed, the interaction between the groove 35 and the air gap magnetic field can be effectively controlled, so that the magnetic lines of force transition at a smoother angle, reducing the generation of cogging torque, thereby effectively reducing torque pulsation, optimizing the electromagnetic compatibility and NVH performance of the motor, and ensuring that the motor runs more smoothly and with lower noise.

[0054] In one embodiment, when the center line of the magnetic pole of the stator core 1 coincides with the d-axis of the rotor core 3, the angle between the center line I2 of the groove 35 and the center line I1 of the corresponding first stator slot 21 is b, where 0.2°≤b≤0.3°.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first stator slot 21 is symmetrical about the center line I1, which passes through the point O; the groove 35 on the outer periphery of the rotor core 3 is symmetrical about the center line I2, which passes through the point O.

[0056] By geometrically constraining the circumferential width of the groove 35 and the angle between the centerline of the groove 35 and the centerline of the first stator slot 21, a synergistic effect can be achieved during motor operation, especially rotor rotation. The circumferential width and position of the groove can be accurately controlled to ensure that it accurately corresponds to the high magnetic flux density area on the outer circle of the rotor, significantly reducing cogging torque. Furthermore, by optimizing the relative position of the outer edge groove of the rotor and the stator slot, the magnetic bridge stress is reduced, stress concentration is avoided, and the electromagnetic performance and mechanical strength of the motor are greatly improved, effectively reducing harmonic content and torque pulsation.

[0057] The fundamental cause of torque pulsation in permanent magnet synchronous motors is the change in magnetic permeability along the air gap magnetic field trajectory, leading to changes in magnetic flux and resulting in inconsistent torque at different positions, thus causing torque pulsation. Since the motor magnetic flux is relatively high along the q-axis, this application addresses this issue by setting slots of unequal sizes on the stator core and creating grooves on the outer circumference of the rotor corresponding to adjacent slots along the q-axis. This effectively reduces the magnetic flux along the q-axis, resulting in a more uniform magnetic flux distribution and a smoother change in air gap magnetic density. This, in turn, effectively reduces cogging torque and motor torque pulsation, and lowers the motor's harmonic content.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle includes the aforementioned permanent magnet synchronous motor, the vehicle has a load capacity of 4.5t to 6t, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has an outer diameter of 230mm and a power of 100kW to 120kW.

[0059] In this embodiment, the vehicle equipped with the aforementioned permanent magnet synchronous motor has a load capacity between 4.5 tons and 6 tons, a motor outer diameter of 230 mm, and a power output range of 100 kW to 120 kW. Through carefully optimized stator and rotor structures, including unequal stator slot width design, rotor outer edge groove layout and its relative position adjustment with stator slots, and optimization of the geometric parameters of the magnetic bridge, the vehicle can significantly reduce cogging torque and torque pulsation during vehicle operation, especially under high power and high speed conditions, and reduce harmonic content. At the same time, it ensures that the magnetic bridge of the motor bears low stress and enhances the mechanical strength of the rotor. Thus, while meeting the high performance requirements of the power system for heavy logistics transportation, it greatly improves the smoothness and quietness of vehicle operation.

[0060] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0061] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that, The system includes a stator structure and a rotor structure. The stator structure is fitted outside the rotor structure. The stator structure includes a stator core (1), and the rotor structure includes a rotor core (3). The stator core (1) includes a stator slot (2). The stator slot (2) includes a first stator slot (21) and a second stator slot (22). Under one pole, when the d-axis of the rotor structure coincides with the magnetic pole center line of the stator structure, the first stator slot (21) is located on both sides of the q-axis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is adjacent to the q-axis. The second stator slot (22) is located between the two first stator slots (21) on both sides of the d-axis. The slot width of the first stator slot (21) is B1, and the slot width of the second stator slot (22) is B0, where B1 < B0. The rotor core (3) has a groove (35) on its outer peripheral wall corresponding to the first stator slot (21). When the magnetic pole center line of the stator core (1) coincides with the d-axis of the rotor core (3), the angle between the center line I2 of the groove (35) and the center line I1 of the corresponding first stator slot (21) is b, 0.2°≤b≤0.3°.

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, 0.6≤B1 / B0≤0.

8.

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, 0.5mm≤B0-B1≤1mm.

4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, 1.8mm≤B1≤2.2mm, 2.5mm≤B0≤3mm.

5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor core (3) includes a rotor outer circle (31). In a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor core (3), the bottom of the groove (35) has a first side (32). A magnetic groove (4) is provided on the rotor core (3). The side of the magnetic groove (4) near the rotor outer circle (31) is a second side (41). The first side (32) and the second side (41) are both arcs. The rotor outer circle (31), the first side (32) and the second side (41) are concentric, and the center of the circle is the axis of the rotor core (3). A magnetic bridge is formed between the first side (32) and the rotor outer circle (31) and the second side (41).

6. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radius of the outer circle (31) of the rotor is R0, the radius of the first side (32) is R1, the radius of the second side (41) is R2, 0.2 mm≤R0-R1≤0.4mm, 1mm≤R1-R2≤1.3mm.

7. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first end of the first side (32) is connected to the outer circle (31) of the rotor via the third side (33), and the second end of the first side (32) is connected to the outer circle (31) of the rotor via the fourth side (34). The included angle between the third side (33) and the fourth side (34) is greater than or equal to 90°.

8. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intersection of the third side (33) and the outer circle (31) of the rotor is the first intersection point, and the intersection of the fourth side (34) and the outer circle (31) of the rotor is the second intersection point. The angle between the line connecting the first intersection point and the center of the circle and the line connecting the second intersection point and the center of the circle is a, where 3°≤a≤4°.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the vehicle has a load capacity of 4.5t to 6t, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has an outer diameter of 230mm, and a power of 100kW to 120kW.

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