Illumination equipment intelligent regulation and control method based on intelligent internet of things
By analyzing traffic flow and energy consumption data of highway gantry lighting systems through intelligent IoT systems, and dynamically adjusting lighting brightness, the problems of power waste and cost in highway gantry lighting systems have been solved, achieving energy saving and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511197419.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The lighting system on highway gantries suffers from uneven traffic flow, resulting in a waste of electricity and increased costs due to the lack of constant brightness.
Through the smart IoT system, traffic flow information and energy consumption data of the gantry are collected and analyzed to generate personalized lighting brightness control strategies, dynamically adjusting the brightness and off time of the lighting system to avoid frequent start-stop.
This effectively avoids wasting electricity resources, reduces lighting costs, extends the lifespan of lighting equipment, and reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120857320A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy-saving benefit evaluation technology, and specifically to a method for intelligent control of lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology
[0002] At key areas such as highway intersections, toll booths, or road junctions, gantries are typically installed. These gantries are usually equipped with lighting systems, monitoring systems, and ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) systems (used to identify a vehicle's highway mileage for subsequent toll collection). The lights installed on the gantries usually need to cover a large area of the road to ensure that all road users (including drivers, pedestrians, and surveillance cameras) can clearly see relevant traffic information, signs, and road conditions. Therefore, the brightness of the lights is usually high.
[0003] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: Multiple gantries are typically installed on highway sections, and the lighting system on each gantry usually adopts the same lighting brightness. However, since highway sections are of a certain length, in some areas of highway sections with low traffic volume or even no vehicles passing by for a long time, the gantries always adopt a constant lighting brightness, which not only wastes electricity resources but also increases costs.
[0004] Based on this, this application proposes an intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things. By periodically evaluating the overall lighting energy consumption of highway gantry cranes, and combining the operating data of the lighting system of each gantry crane, the lighting brightness of each gantry crane lighting system is dynamically adjusted, thereby avoiding the waste of power resources and reducing lighting costs. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things, the control method comprising the following steps: The data acquisition terminal obtains the gantry information of the highway through the API interface of the highway management platform and establishes a management set for all gantry. At night, traffic flow information at each gantry is acquired over multiple time periods. After analyzing the traffic flow information at each gantry over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system. The total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway is regularly obtained, and it is analyzed whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption. If it does, an impact factor is generated for each gantry lighting system after obtaining the operating data of the gantry lighting system. First, all gantry lighting systems in the management set are sorted according to the influencing factors, and then personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on the influencing factors.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, after analyzing traffic flow information of the gantry over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system, including the following steps: After analyzing the traffic flow information of the gantry over multiple time periods, the cumulative duration of no vehicles passing through the gantry, the historical average traffic flow, and the historical traffic flow standard deviation are obtained. The traffic flow amplitude is then calculated based on the historical average traffic flow and the historical traffic flow standard deviation. The traffic flow coefficient is obtained by combining the accumulated time without vehicles with the traffic flow amplitude. The obtained traffic flow coefficient is compared with the preset coefficient threshold, which is used to determine whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. If the traffic flow coefficient is greater than the coefficient threshold, it is determined that the gantry lighting system does not need to be turned off. If the traffic flow coefficient is less than or equal to the coefficient threshold, it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. When it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off, the generated control strategy is: after a delay of time T, the gantry lighting system is automatically turned off.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the traffic flow coefficient is obtained by combining the accumulated time without vehicles with the traffic flow amplitude, and the expression is: In the formula, Traffic flow coefficient The cumulative time during which no vehicles pass through. Traffic flow amplitude, , These are the ratios of the cumulative time without vehicles passing to the traffic flow amplitude, and... , All are greater than 0.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the traffic flow amplitude is calculated based on the historical average traffic flow and the historical traffic flow standard deviation, expressed as follows: In the formula, Traffic flow amplitude, The standard deviation of historical traffic volume The historical average traffic flow rate is given by the following formula: In the formula, For the first Traffic flow over a given time period This represents the number of time periods.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway is periodically acquired, and the total energy consumption is analyzed to determine whether it exceeds the expected energy consumption, including the following steps: After obtaining the energy consumption of each gantry lighting system, the energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems is summed to obtain the total energy consumption. The total energy consumption is then compared with the expected energy consumption. If the total energy consumption is less than or equal to the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has not exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has been achieved after control measures are implemented. If the total energy consumption is greater than the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has not been achieved after control measures are implemented.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, after obtaining the operating data of the gantry lighting system, an influencing factor is generated for each gantry lighting system, including the following steps: The operating data of the gantry lighting system is obtained, including the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude. The light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are normalized so that their values are mapped to the range of [0,1]. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are obtained. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are summed to obtain the influencing factor.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, all gantry lighting systems are sorted in the management set according to influencing factors, and then personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on the influencing factors, including the following steps: In the management set, all gantry lighting systems are sorted from largest to smallest according to their impact factors, and gantry lighting systems with impact factors greater than or equal to the second impact threshold are marked as gantry lighting systems to be processed. The information of the gantry lighting systems to be processed is sent to the highway management platform. Based on the influencing factors, a personalized control strategy is generated for all gantry lighting systems as follows: Turn off gantry lighting systems with an impact factor greater than or equal to the second impact threshold; For gantry lighting systems where the impact factor is greater than or equal to the first impact threshold and less than the second impact threshold, the delay duration is dynamically adjusted. The adjustment algorithm expression is as follows: In the formula, The adjusted delay duration, The delay duration before adjustment, Impact factor; Adjustments are made to gantry lighting systems whose impact factors are less than the first impact threshold.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the expression for calculating the light source efficiency degradation index is: In the formula, The efficiency reduction index of the light source. The luminous flux that the lighting system can initially produce per watt of power. This represents the current luminous flux of the lighting system. The expression for calculating the voltage fluctuation amplitude is as follows: In the formula, Voltage index This is the actual voltage of the lighting system. To obtain the standard voltage of the lighting system, the voltage index at multiple time points is acquired, and the voltage fluctuation amplitude is calculated using the following expression: In the formula, This refers to the voltage fluctuation amplitude. For the number of time points, For the first Voltage index at each time point.
[0014] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows: This invention analyzes traffic flow information from gantry cranes over multiple time periods to determine whether the gantry crane lighting system needs to be shut down. Based on the determination, it generates corresponding control strategies for the gantry crane lighting system. It periodically acquires the total energy consumption of all gantry crane lighting systems on the highway and analyzes whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption. If it does, it acquires the operating data of the gantry crane lighting systems and generates an impact factor for each gantry crane lighting system. First, it sorts all gantry crane lighting systems in the management set based on the impact factors, and then generates personalized control strategies for all gantry crane lighting systems based on the impact factors. This control method dynamically adjusts the lighting brightness of each gantry crane lighting system by periodically evaluating the overall lighting energy consumption of the highway gantry cranes and combining it with the operating data of each gantry crane lighting system, thus avoiding waste of electricity resources and reducing lighting costs. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps: The data acquisition unit obtains highway gantry information through the highway management platform's API interface. This information includes the number of gantry units and gantry lighting system information. A management set is established for all gantry units. At night, traffic flow information for each gantry unit is acquired over multiple time periods. After analyzing the traffic flow information for each gantry unit over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, corresponding control strategies are generated for the gantry lighting system. The total energy consumption of all highway gantry lighting systems is acquired periodically, and it is analyzed whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption. If it does, the operating data of the gantry lighting system is acquired, and an impact factor is generated for each gantry lighting system. All gantry lighting systems are first sorted in the management set based on the impact factors, and then personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on the impact factors.
[0019] This application analyzes traffic flow information from gantry lighting systems over multiple time periods to determine whether the gantry lighting system needs to be shut down. Based on the determination, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system. The total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway is periodically acquired and analyzed to see if it exceeds the expected energy consumption. If it does, the operating data of the gantry lighting systems is acquired, and an influencing factor is generated for each gantry lighting system. All gantry lighting systems are first ranked in the management set based on the influencing factors, and then personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on the influencing factors. This control method dynamically adjusts the lighting brightness of each gantry lighting system by periodically evaluating the overall lighting energy consumption of highway gantry lighting and combining it with the operating data of each gantry lighting system, thus avoiding waste of electricity resources and reducing lighting costs.
[0020] Example 2: The data acquisition terminal obtains highway gantry information through the highway management platform's API interface. This gantry information includes the number of gantry structures and gantry lighting system information. A management set is then established for all gantry structures, including the following steps: First, ensure you are registered on the highway management platform and have obtained API access through authentication, which typically requires an API Key for verification. Carefully read the API documentation to understand the platform's interface methods, data formats, request methods (such as GET, POST, etc.), and how to request information related to the gantry.
[0021] According to the API documentation, set the request headers and necessary authentication information. Typically, you need to set an Authorization or API Key to ensure secure access to the interface. Construct the request URL according to the API documentation, including the address of the interface to access and necessary query parameters. For example, you might need to provide a highway number, road segment information, etc., to retrieve specific gantry data.
[0022] Send a request to the API via HTTP (such as GET or POST). The request may need to include specific parameters (such as road number, time range, region, etc.) to retrieve the specified gantry data. When the API returns a response, check the response status code. If the response is successful (e.g., HTTP status code 200), you can parse the returned data in JSON or XML format.
[0023] Parsing JSON or XML: Based on the data format returned by the API, parse the response content into a workable format (such as JSON parsing). For example, assuming the API response is in JSON format, the structure might look like this: { "status": "success", "data": { "total_count": 120, "dragon_gates": [ { "id": "001", "location": "Section A", "lighting_system": "LED", "status": "active", "last_maintenance": "2024-01-15" }, { "id": "002", "location": "Section B", "lighting_system": "Halogen", "status": "inactive", "last_maintenance": "2023-11-30" } ] } } Extract key fields such as the number of gantry cranes, lighting system type, status, location, and last maintenance time from the returned JSON or XML data.
[0024] Create a management collection structure: Based on the acquired gantry information, create a management collection (such as a list or dictionary) to store the data for all gantry structures. Details for each gantry structure (such as location, lighting system type, status, etc.) can be used as an element in the collection.
[0025] Data storage format: You can choose to store the data in a data structure that is in memory (such as a list or dictionary), or store it in a database (such as MySQL or MongoDB) for later use.
[0026] Example data structure: dragon_gates = [ { "id": "001", "location": "Section A", "lighting_system": "LED", "status": "active", "last_maintenance": "2024-01-15" }, { "id": "002", "location": "Section B", "lighting_system": "Halogen", "status": "inactive", "last_maintenance": "2023-11-30" } ] If the API provides real-time data, it may be necessary to periodically call the interface to retrieve the latest gantry information and update the contents of the management collection. This process can be automated using scheduled tasks (such as cron jobs). These tasks can perform statistical analysis on the number of gantry units, lighting system types, and fault status, identifying gantry units that need repair or replacement, or discovering areas for energy efficiency improvement in the lighting system. Visualization tools (such as Power BI, Tableau, or Python's Matplotlib library) can be used to generate charts showing the distribution of gantry units, failure rates, and the usage of the lighting system.
[0027] Assuming Python is used for development, here is a simplified code example demonstrating how to retrieve gantry information via API and store it in a management collection: import requests import json # Set API request URL and authentication information api_url = "https: / / api.highwaymanagement.com / dragon_gates" headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer YOUR_API_KEY"} # Send a GET request to retrieve gantry data response = requests.get(api_url, headers=headers) # Check if the response was successful if response.status_code == 200: # Parse the JSON data in the response data = response.json() # Create a gantry management collection dragon_gates = [] # Extract gantry information if data['status'] == 'success': for gate in data['data']['dragon_gates']: gate_info = { "id": gate['id'], "location": gate['location'], "lighting_system": gate['lighting_system'], "status": gate['status'], "last_maintenance": gate['last_maintenance'] } dragon_gates.append(gate_info) # Print Management Collection print(json.dumps(dragon_gates, indent=4)) else: print(f"Error fetching data: {response.status_code}") This process provides the basic steps for obtaining and managing gantry information from the highway management platform. In practice, the API calls, data processing, and management functionality can be further customized according to specific needs.
[0028] At night, traffic flow information at each gantry is acquired over multiple time periods. After analyzing the traffic flow information at each gantry over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system, including the following steps: After analyzing traffic flow information from the gantry over multiple time periods, the cumulative duration of no vehicle passage at the gantry, the historical average traffic flow, and the historical traffic flow standard deviation are obtained. The traffic flow amplitude is first calculated based on the historical average traffic flow and the historical traffic flow standard deviation, expressed as: In the formula, Traffic flow amplitude, The standard deviation of historical traffic volume The historical average traffic flow rate is given by the following formula: In the formula, The standard deviation of historical traffic volume The historical average traffic volume For the first Traffic flow over a given time period The larger the traffic flow amplitude, the greater the overall historical traffic flow of the gantry, and the less likely the lighting system should be turned off. The traffic flow coefficient is obtained by combining the accumulated time without vehicles with the traffic flow amplitude, and the expression is: In the formula, Traffic flow coefficient The cumulative time during which no vehicles pass through. Traffic flow amplitude, , These are the ratios of the cumulative time without vehicles passing to the traffic flow amplitude, and... , All are greater than 0; In this application, when no vehicles pass through the gantry continuously, the lighting system of the gantry should be turned off to achieve energy saving. However, since vehicles usually travel at high speeds on highways, the introduction of traffic flow amplitude can analyze the historical traffic flow information of the gantry to determine whether the lighting system needs to be turned off, which can effectively avoid the frequent switching on and off of the lighting system. Frequent switching of the lighting system on and off can damage the system. Furthermore, it not only fails to achieve energy savings but also increases energy consumption. This is because: Some lighting fixtures, especially traditional high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps, require a high current to ignite the light source during startup. This is because these lamps need to reach sufficient temperature and voltage to activate the lamp tube during a cold start, resulting in a startup current much higher than the operating current during normal operation. For example, the startup current of a high-pressure sodium lamp can be several times its normal operating current, and this significant increase in instantaneous power leads to higher energy consumption. If the lighting system is frequently switched on and off, each startup consumes more energy than during stable operation. Frequent starts and stops increase energy consumption per unit time. Frequent starting and stopping of lighting fixtures negatively impacts the lifespan of their light sources. For many types of lighting fixtures, especially high-pressure gas discharge lamps (such as metal halide lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps), frequent switching causes accelerated aging of the light source's electrodes, reducing its lifespan. As the lifespan of the lighting fixtures shortens, the light source needs to be replaced more frequently. Replacing lighting fixtures not only increases maintenance costs, but the process of replacing and installing new fixtures can also lead to more energy waste.
[0029] The switching operation of lighting systems is typically achieved through controllers or intelligent dimming systems. During frequent start-stop cycles, the control system itself may also consume energy, especially when using traditional relays, contactors, or other mechanical switches. The startup and operation of the control system can lead to additional energy consumption, particularly when multiple relays or sensors are used in the system, and these control components themselves require power.
[0030] Frequent switching can lead to unstable operation of lighting fixtures, especially in some gas discharge lamps. During start-up and shutdown, the light source may fail to reach the expected brightness, resulting in a decrease in overall system luminous efficacy. This means that even when the system is running, the actual light output efficiency may be lower than during normal continuous illumination. Some lighting fixtures are less efficient during start-up and shutdown than during continuous illumination. For example, traditional high-pressure sodium lamps may not reach their optimal operating state during switching, and frequent switching of LED lamps can also affect their luminous flux stability, leading to a reduction in overall efficiency.
[0031] Lighting equipment, especially gas discharge lamps, undergoes significant thermal cycling (thermal expansion and cooling contraction) during startup and shutdown. Prolonged thermal shock can damage internal components, particularly the electrodes, lamp tube, and lamp housing. Frequent switching leads to large temperature differences between the inside and outside of the lamp, easily causing material aging or damage, thus affecting efficiency and resulting in energy waste. Modern lighting control systems, such as sensor- or timer-based intelligent control systems, may not adapt promptly to rapid and repeated start-stop cycles, leading to excessively long lighting times or short periods of ineffective lighting (e.g., sensors misinterpreting and failing to turn off the lamp in time), resulting in unnecessary energy consumption.
[0032] Some lighting systems use inductive loads (such as transformers and ballasts), and frequent switching can affect the power factor of the entire power grid. A lower power factor means the power supply system generates more reactive power (wasteful for the power system), thus reducing the overall system's energy efficiency and increasing energy consumption. Each time a lighting system starts, the power grid is subjected to a surge of instantaneous current. This surge can cause power fluctuations in the power lines, leading to voltage instability throughout the system and affecting the operating efficiency of other electrical equipment. Furthermore, the wasted instantaneous current in the power grid also contributes to increased energy consumption.
[0033] Frequent switching operations increase energy consumption during light fixture startup and lead to equipment aging and reduced system efficiency. Although control systems may be designed for energy saving through frequent switching in some cases, in practice, due to factors such as high instantaneous power consumption during startup, increased system instability, and equipment aging, frequent start-stop operations can actually result in higher energy consumption.
[0034] A higher traffic flow coefficient indicates a lower need to shut down the gantry lighting system. The acquired traffic flow coefficient is compared with a preset threshold value. This threshold value is used to determine whether the gantry lighting system needs to be shut down. If the traffic flow coefficient is greater than the threshold value, it is determined that the gantry lighting system does not need to be shut down. If the traffic flow coefficient is less than or equal to the threshold value, it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be shut down. When it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be shut down, the generated control strategy is as follows: After a delay of time T (usually 10s~15s), the gantry lighting system is automatically turned off.
[0035] Regularly obtain the total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway and analyze whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption, including the following steps: After obtaining the energy consumption of each gantry lighting system, the energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems is summed to obtain the total energy consumption. The total energy consumption is then compared with the expected energy consumption. If the total energy consumption is less than or equal to the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has not exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has been achieved after control measures are implemented. If the total energy consumption is greater than the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has not been achieved after control measures are implemented.
[0036] If the data exceeds the limit, after obtaining the operating data of the gantry lighting system, an impact factor is generated for each gantry lighting system, including the following steps: The operating data of the gantry lighting system is obtained, including the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude. The light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are normalized so that their values are mapped to the range of [0,1]. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are obtained. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are summed to obtain the influence factor. The larger the influence factor, the more energy consumption will be due to the operation of the gantry lighting system itself.
[0037] Low light source efficiency leads to a decrease in the effective luminous intensity of the light source, thus requiring more electrical energy to produce the same lighting effect. The expression for calculating the light source efficiency reduction index is: In the formula, The efficiency reduction index of the light source. The luminous flux that the lighting system can initially produce per watt of power. The current luminous flux of the lighting system is represented by the light source efficiency degradation index. A larger index indicates a greater decrease in the light source efficiency of the lighting system, which leads to increased energy consumption. The specific reasons are as follows: Light source efficiency refers to the luminous flux (i.e., brightness) produced per unit of electrical power, usually expressed in lumens per watt (lm / W). If the efficiency of a light source decreases, for example from 100 lumens per watt to 80 lumens per watt, it means that with the same power input, the light output (illumination brightness) is reduced. To maintain the same illumination brightness (or lighting effect), if the light source efficiency decreases, the lighting system must consume more electricity. For example, if the efficiency decreases by 20%, the system must increase its power input by 20% to maintain the original brightness. Therefore, the greater the efficiency reduction index, the more electricity the lighting system needs to consume to maintain the same brightness, thus increasing energy consumption.
[0038] Over time, the efficiency of traditional light sources, especially those (such as high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps), gradually decreases. The lamp tubes and electrodes inside the luminaire age, causing the luminaire to be less efficient at converting electrical energy into light energy compared to new luminaires. This degradation typically manifests as a decrease in lumen output, while the input power (electricity consumption) remains relatively constant. Due to the reduced light source efficiency, even with constant system power, the final output light intensity will be weaker, resulting in a decrease in overall brightness. To compensate for this decrease in brightness, the system may increase power input to maintain the original lighting effect, leading to increased energy consumption.
[0039] When the efficiency of a light source decreases, the system may choose to increase the input electrical power (i.e., increase the current or voltage) to ensure sufficient illumination. For example, suppose a high-efficiency LED lamp initially provides sufficient brightness with 100 watts of power, but due to decreased efficiency, it may require 120 watts or even higher to maintain the same light output. In automated control systems, some systems may use light sensors to adjust the illumination brightness. If the light source efficiency decreases, the system may be unable to achieve the required brightness, thus continuing to increase power and further exacerbating the energy consumption problem.
[0040] Many lighting systems are designed based on the assumption that light sources have a certain efficiency. When the efficiency of the light source decreases, the originally energy-saving design may no longer be applicable. For example, the design might assume that each luminaire can provide a certain luminous flux, but as efficiency decreases, the luminaires need to consume more electricity to achieve the same luminous flux. This increases the burden on the overall system, leading to energy waste. A decrease in light source efficiency is usually accompanied by an overall decrease in system energy efficiency. If the efficiency of the power supply, luminaires, and control system used in the lighting system is not improved or adjusted accordingly, the overall energy efficiency of the system will decrease, resulting in higher energy consumption.
[0041] As light source efficiency decreases, lighting systems require more electricity to maintain the same illumination, leading not only to increased direct energy consumption but also to higher operating and maintenance costs. For example, more electricity bills are needed to support the additional energy consumption, and more frequent lamp replacements and repairs also increase costs.
[0042] The formula for calculating the voltage fluctuation amplitude is: In the formula, Voltage index This is the actual voltage of the lighting system. To obtain the standard voltage of the lighting system, the voltage index at multiple time points is acquired, and the voltage fluctuation amplitude is calculated using the following expression: In the formula, This refers to the voltage fluctuation amplitude. For the number of time points, For the first The voltage index at a given time point indicates that the larger the voltage fluctuation amplitude, the more frequent the voltage fluctuations in the lighting system, which leads to increased energy consumption. The specific reasons are as follows: Modern lighting systems, especially LED lighting systems, are typically equipped with power drivers (such as constant current sources). These power drivers are usually designed to operate under stable voltage conditions to provide a stable current. However, when voltage fluctuations are large, the driver needs to constantly adjust its output current to adapt to the unstable input voltage. Frequent voltage fluctuations can cause the power factor of the power system to drop, leading to increased reactive power consumption. Reactive power does not contribute to effective lighting but increases power loss, ultimately resulting in increased energy consumption. When the voltage fluctuates, the current changes accordingly, especially when the voltage rises or falls rapidly, where the current may fluctuate momentarily. This fluctuation not only affects the stability of the power driver but also causes load fluctuations throughout the lighting system, increasing energy waste.
[0043] Under voltage fluctuations, the workload of lighting equipment (such as LED lamps or traditional light sources) changes. For example, when the voltage rises, the lamp power may temporarily increase, and when the voltage drops, the power may decrease. This load fluctuation causes the power supply to adjust frequently, thus increasing energy consumption. Voltage fluctuations can reduce the efficiency of the power supply and the internal circuitry of the lamp, resulting in more energy loss as heat. This is especially true in high-power lamps and electronic driver power supplies, where frequent voltage fluctuations lead to greater heat loss. This heat not only wastes energy but can also reduce the lifespan of the equipment. With fluctuations in current, the load and temperature changes of internal electronic components (such as driver circuits, capacitors, transformers, etc.) are aggravated, which not only leads to decreased equipment efficiency but also results in additional energy consumption.
[0044] Lighting systems, especially those based on gas discharge lamps (such as high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps), are susceptible to voltage fluctuations. When the voltage is unstable, the light output of the lamp may be unstable, even leading to brightness fluctuations. To compensate for this unstable brightness, the system may need to increase its power input, resulting in additional energy consumption. For LED lighting systems, voltage fluctuations can cause LED drivers to adjust frequently, making the brightness and light output of each LED module unstable. To ensure uniform and sufficient brightness, the system may need to provide higher power, leading to energy waste.
[0045] When the voltage fluctuation is too high, the input current of the lighting fixture will exceed the design value, which may overload the power supply components and lighting circuits. Excessive current can not only damage the circuit but also generate more heat, increasing energy consumption. High voltage also increases the resistive losses of electrical equipment, especially in wires and power converters. The increased current due to high voltage leads to additional heat loss and thus higher energy consumption. Voltage fluctuations can cause changes in the power factor of the lighting system. When the voltage fluctuation is large, the system's power factor typically decreases. The power factor is an important indicator of the efficiency of power use in a power system; a low power factor means that the power system needs more reactive power to maintain the same active power output. This not only increases power consumption but also puts a heavier burden on the power grid, thus increasing overall energy consumption.
[0046] Frequent voltage fluctuations increase the probability of lighting equipment failure, especially damaging sensitive components such as electronic drivers, capacitors, and transformers. Equipment experiencing frequent fluctuations will fail earlier, leading to more frequent maintenance and replacement, resulting in higher energy consumption. Frequent voltage fluctuations accelerate the aging of lamps, reducing their lifespan. Therefore, lamps and drivers need to be replaced more frequently. New equipment typically consumes more energy, especially in the initial stages after installation, thus increasing overall energy consumption. When the power system is unstable, power companies often frequently adjust the voltage of the grid, which can cause instability in the input voltage of the lighting system. This frequent voltage adjustment leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the power supply system itself, thereby increasing overall energy consumption.
[0047] First, all gantry lighting systems in the management set are sorted according to their impact factors. Then, personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on their impact factors, including the following steps: The larger the impact factor, the more the gantry lighting system needs to be managed. In the management set, all gantry lighting systems are sorted from largest to smallest according to their impact factors. Gantry lighting systems with impact factors greater than or equal to the second impact threshold are marked as gantry lighting systems to be processed. The information of gantry lighting systems to be processed is sent to the highway management platform, which needs to manage the gantry lighting systems to be processed. Based on the influencing factors, a personalized control strategy is generated for all gantry lighting systems as follows: The gantry lighting system with an impact factor greater than or equal to the second impact threshold shall be turned off and manually turned on after inspection by maintenance personnel and no abnormality is found. For gantry lighting systems where the impact factor is greater than or equal to the first impact threshold and less than the second impact threshold, the delay duration is dynamically adjusted. The adjustment algorithm expression is as follows: In the formula, The adjusted delay duration, The delay duration before adjustment, Impact factor; Adjustments are made to gantry lighting systems whose impact factors are less than the first impact threshold.
[0048] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
[0049] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.
[0050] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.
[0051] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for intelligent control of lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The control method includes the following steps: The data acquisition terminal obtains the gantry information of the highway through the API interface of the highway management platform and establishes a management set for all gantry. At night, traffic flow information at each gantry is acquired over multiple time periods. After analyzing the traffic flow information at each gantry over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system. The total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway is regularly obtained, and it is analyzed whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption. If it does, an impact factor is generated for each gantry lighting system after obtaining the operating data of the gantry lighting system. First, all gantry lighting systems in the management set are sorted according to the influencing factors, and then personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on the influencing factors.
2. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After analyzing traffic flow information from the gantry over multiple time periods, it is determined whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. Based on the determination result, a corresponding control strategy is generated for the gantry lighting system, including the following steps: After analyzing the traffic flow information of the gantry over multiple time periods, the cumulative duration of no vehicles passing through the gantry, the historical average traffic flow, and the historical traffic flow standard deviation are obtained. The traffic flow amplitude is then calculated based on the historical average traffic flow and the historical traffic flow standard deviation. The traffic flow coefficient is obtained by combining the accumulated time without vehicles with the traffic flow amplitude. The obtained traffic flow coefficient is compared with the preset coefficient threshold, which is used to determine whether the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. If the traffic flow coefficient is greater than the coefficient threshold, it is determined that the gantry lighting system does not need to be turned off. If the traffic flow coefficient is less than or equal to the coefficient threshold, it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off. When it is determined that the gantry lighting system needs to be turned off, the generated control strategy is: after a delay of time T, the gantry lighting system is automatically turned off.
3. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The traffic flow coefficient is obtained by combining the cumulative duration of the absence of vehicles with the traffic flow amplitude.
4. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The traffic flow amplitude is calculated based on the historical average traffic flow and the historical traffic flow standard deviation, expressed as follows: In the formula, Traffic flow amplitude, The standard deviation of historical traffic volume The historical average traffic flow rate is given by the following formula: In the formula, For the first Traffic flow over a given time period This represents the number of time periods.
5. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Regularly obtain the total energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems on the highway and analyze whether the total energy consumption exceeds the expected energy consumption, including the following steps: After obtaining the energy consumption of each gantry lighting system, the energy consumption of all gantry lighting systems is summed to obtain the total energy consumption. The total energy consumption is then compared with the expected energy consumption. If the total energy consumption is less than or equal to the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has not exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has been achieved after control measures are implemented. If the total energy consumption is greater than the expected energy consumption, it is determined that the total energy consumption has exceeded the expected energy consumption, and energy saving has not been achieved after control measures are implemented.
6. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 5, characterized in that: After obtaining the operating data of the gantry lighting system, an influencing factor is generated for each gantry lighting system, including the following steps: The operating data of the gantry lighting system is obtained, including the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude. The light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are normalized so that their values are mapped to the range of [0,1]. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are obtained. The normalized values of the light source efficiency degradation index and voltage fluctuation amplitude are summed to obtain the influencing factor.
7. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 6, characterized in that: All gantry lighting systems in the management set are ranked according to their impact factors. Then, personalized control strategies are generated for all gantry lighting systems based on their impact factors, including the following steps: In the management set, all gantry lighting systems are sorted from largest to smallest according to their impact factors, and gantry lighting systems with impact factors greater than or equal to the second impact threshold are marked as gantry lighting systems to be processed. The information of the gantry lighting systems to be processed is sent to the highway management platform. Based on the influencing factors, a personalized control strategy is generated for all gantry lighting systems as follows: Turn off gantry lighting systems with an impact factor greater than or equal to the second impact threshold; Dynamically adjust the delay duration for gantry lighting systems whose impact factor is greater than or equal to the first impact threshold and less than the second impact threshold; Adjustments are made to gantry lighting systems whose impact factors are less than the first impact threshold.
8. The intelligent control method for lighting equipment based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the light source efficiency degradation index is as follows: In the formula, The efficiency reduction index of the light source. The luminous flux that the lighting system can initially produce per watt of power. This represents the current luminous flux of the lighting system. The expression for calculating the voltage fluctuation amplitude is as follows: In the formula, Voltage index This is the actual voltage of the lighting system. To obtain the standard voltage of the lighting system, the voltage index at multiple time points is acquired, and the voltage fluctuation amplitude is calculated using the following expression: In the formula, This refers to the voltage fluctuation amplitude. For the number of time points, For the first Voltage index at each time point.