Harmful gas filtering and pressurizing system for fire-fighting detection vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting detection vehicles, in particular to a harmful gas filtering and pressurizing system for a fire-fighting detection vehicle. The invention aims at providing a harmful gas filtering and pressurizing system for a fire-fighting detection vehicle, the harmful gas filtering and pressurizing system comprises a filtering and ventilating device, the filtering and ventilating device comprises a fan and a filtering and absorbing device, after entering the filtering and absorbing device through the fan, outside air firstly passes through a diffuser, then is dried through a first unit body and then enters a second unit body, and the second unit body is dried through a second unit body; and the air enters the first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit and the seventh unit body to mainly filter out carbon monoxide, then enters the first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit and the seventh unit body to filter out various poisonous and harmful gases, and finally, clean and nontoxic air is output into the fire-fighting detection vehicle through the air outlet. According to the device, harmful gas in the fire-fighting detection vehicle is filtered and pressurized, and the problem that when the detection vehicle passes through an accident scene, a detection task is limited due to the fact that personnel in the vehicle wear personal protection equipment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire inspection vehicle technology, specifically to a harmful gas filtration and pressurization system for fire inspection vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Non-war military operations are an important way for the military to fulfill its historical mission and a crucial means to safeguard national security. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the military's functions and missions, non-war military operations have become more routine and diversified.

[0003] Non-war threats can be categorized into FCBRNEM (fire, chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear, explosive, and mechanical) threats and hazards. Non-war military operations primarily include national aid, security assistance, humanitarian aid, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, drug interdiction, armed escort, intelligence gathering and sharing, joint exercises, show of force, attacks and raids, evacuation of non-combatants, peace enforcement, and support or suppression of riots. In non-war military operations, chemical defense equipment has gradually become "main combat equipment." Therefore, improving the support level of chemical defense equipment directly affects the progress and outcome of non-war military operations such as counter-terrorism, stability maintenance, emergency response, and disaster relief. For example, in fire rescue operations, detecting chemical hazard sources in the accident area before rescue operations is essential. However, if personnel inside the detection vehicle wear personal protective equipment (PPE), on the one hand, the types of protection are limited, potentially failing to provide effective protection; on the other hand, wearing PPE restricts movement, hindering the operation of instruments and equipment and affecting mission execution. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire detection vehicle protective system that offers good protection without hindering the operation of the personnel wearing it. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protective system for fire inspection vehicles that provides good protection without affecting the operation of the wearer, namely, a harmful gas filtration and pressurization system for fire inspection vehicles.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: A hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle includes a filtration and ventilation device installed on the exterior of the fire inspection vehicle. The filtration and ventilation device includes a fan and a filter absorber. The filter absorber includes axially distributed and sealed air inlets, a frustum-shaped diffuser, and a filter housing. The outlet of the fan is sealed to the axial inlet of the filter absorber. A partition is sealed inside the filter housing to divide the space inside the filter housing into a left region and a right region. The left region of the filter housing has a first unit and a second unit arranged side-by-side. The right region of the filter housing has five units arranged vertically, namely the third unit, the fourth unit, the fifth unit, the sixth unit, and the seventh unit. Each unit is composed of multiple unit plates, and two of the unit plates in each unit are perforated. The front and rear sides of each unit are sealed and fixed to the front and rear sidewalls of the filter housing. Each pair of perforated plates in the first and second units are arranged side-by-side. The first unit contains a desiccant, the second unit contains a hopalat agent, and the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh units are also perforated. In each of the seven unit cells, two oppositely arranged perforated plates are arranged vertically. The third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh unit cells each contain composite impregnated carbon (composite impregnated carbon is existing technology, referring to carbon capable of simultaneously filtering multiple harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, and carbon disulfide), and their left ends are sealed and fixed to the right side of the partition. The third and fourth unit cells form the first V-shaped carbon unit with the opening facing left; the fifth and sixth unit cells form the second V-shaped carbon unit with the opening facing left; and so on. The distance between the right end of the first V-shaped carbon unit and the right side wall of the filter shell is greater than the distance between the right end of the second V-shaped carbon unit and the right side wall of the filter shell. The right end of the seventh unit is sealed and fixed to the right side of the filter shell. The left end of the seventh unit is provided with a ventilation gap to the bottom wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell. Ventilation holes are provided on the partition plate corresponding to the opening of the first V-shaped carbon unit, the opening of the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the ventilation gap. The upper side wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell is provided with an air outlet for use to vent into the fire detection vehicle.

[0006] During operation, when the vehicle passes through a fire scene, outside air is filtered by a fan and then introduced into the fire inspection vehicle through a filter absorber. This ensures that the air pressure inside the fire inspection vehicle is always higher than the outside air pressure. During filtration, outside air enters the filter absorber through the fan, first passes through a diffuser, then through the first unit for drying to remove moisture, and then enters the second unit, primarily filtering out carbon monoxide. It then passes through vents on the partition into the first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the seventh unit to filter out various toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, and carbon disulfide. Finally, clean, non-toxic air is output to the fire inspection vehicle through the outlet. The first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the seventh unit are arranged in a stepped manner to ensure filtration effectiveness and improve filtration efficiency, facilitating the supply of clean, non-toxic air into the fire inspection vehicle and ensuring that inspection personnel can successfully complete their inspection work.

[0007] Furthermore, the top side of the third unit has a baffle plate to prevent most of the gas from being discharged from the top side of the third unit (without the baffle plate, the resistance is low, so most of the gas will be discharged from the top side of the third unit; with the baffle plate, the resistance on the top side is high, so the gas will be diverted), resulting in low filtration efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the filtration and pressurization system also includes a filtration and pressurization controller installed inside the fire inspection vehicle. The controller comprises a power filter, a power module, a main control board, an overpressure sensor, a power regulation module, an LCD display module, and an output monitoring circuit module. The power module provides a stable operating voltage for each module; the power filter filters out noise signals from the DC24V voltage supplied inside the vehicle, ensuring a continuous and stable voltage for the system; the main control board controls each module to operate according to a prescribed process, ensuring the system operates normally under various working modes; the overpressure sensor collects the differential pressure value inside and outside the fire truck; the output monitoring circuit module uses the real-time collected differential pressure data as a feedback value to establish a dynamic closed-loop negative feedback control system, employing a PID algorithm to control the power regulation module to amplify the signal, thereby driving the fan to rotate and maintaining the differential pressure inside and outside the vehicle within a stable range; the LCD display module displays the self-test status and the current differential pressure value.

[0009] Furthermore, the filter booster controller also includes indicator lights to show whether the system is functioning properly, enabling human-machine interaction.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter booster controller also includes a manual button for controlling the start or stop of the system. When the fire truck passes through the fire scene to perform detection tasks, the system is started to enter the filter booster state. At the same time, the fan is started and the differential pressure value inside and outside the fire truck is monitored in real time. The fan speed is adaptively adjusted so that the pressure difference inside and outside the fire truck is maintained within a dynamic range of 150Pa to 180Pa.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter booster controller also includes a control housing for encapsulating the various modules within the controller, resulting in a unified, standardized, and integrated structure.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves the filtration and pressurization of harmful gases inside fire detection vehicles, solving the problem that the detection tasks of personnel inside fire detection vehicles are limited due to wearing personal protective equipment when passing through accident scenes after chemical plant leaks, explosions, or fires; at the same time, the filtration and pressurization system described in this invention can simultaneously filter out multiple harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, and carbon disulfide, making it suitable for detection and rescue tasks after explosions or fires in various types of chemical plants; in addition, the filtration and pressurization controller described in this invention enables continuous automatic control and intelligent adjustment of airflow direction and overpressure inside the fire detection vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration and ventilation device described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter absorber described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the filter booster controller described in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-fan, 2-filter absorber, 201-axial air inlet, 202-diffuser, 203-filter housing, 204-first unit, 205-second unit, 206-third unit, 207-fourth unit, 208-fifth unit, 209-sixth unit, 210-seventh unit, 211-partition, 212-air outlet, 213-guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the solutions of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0018] In this description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joint" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle includes a filtration and ventilation device installed outside the fire inspection vehicle. The filtration and ventilation device includes a fan 1 and a filter absorber 2. The filter absorber 2 includes an axial air inlet 201 that is distributed and sealed to the left and right, a frustum-shaped diffuser 202, and a filter shell 203. The outlet of the fan 1 is sealed to the axial inlet of the filter absorber 2. A partition 211 is sealed inside the filter shell 203 to divide the space inside the filter shell 203 into a left region and a right region. The left region inside the filter shell 203 has a first unit body 204 and a second unit body 205 arranged side by side. The right region inside the filter shell 203 is divided into a left region and a right region. The system comprises five unit cells, designated as Unit 3 (206), Unit 4 (207), Unit 5 (208), Unit 6 (209), and Unit 7 (210). Each unit cell is composed of multiple unit plates, with two perforated unit plates arranged opposite each other within each unit cell. The front and rear sides of each unit cell are sealed and fixed to the front and rear side walls of the filter housing 203. Each pair of perforated plates in Unit 1 (204) and Unit 2 (205) are arranged side-by-side. Unit 1 (204) contains a desiccant, and Unit 2 (205) contains a hopalate agent. Units 3 (206), 4 (207), and 5 (208)... In the sixth unit 209 and the seventh unit 210, each pair of perforated plates arranged opposite each other are vertically distributed. The third unit 206, fourth unit 207, fifth unit 208, sixth unit 209, and seventh unit 210 all contain multi-component impregnated carbon (multi-component impregnated carbon is existing technology, referring to the ability to simultaneously filter multiple harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, and carbon disulfide), and their left ends are all sealed and fixed to the right side of the partition 211. The third unit 206 and fourth unit 207 form a first V-shaped carbon unit with the opening facing left, and the fifth unit 208 and sixth unit 209 form a second V-shaped carbon unit with the opening facing left. The V-shaped carbon unit has a larger gap between the right end of the first V-shaped carbon unit and the right side wall of the filter shell 203 than the gap between the right end of the second V-shaped carbon unit and the right side wall of the filter shell 203. The right end of the seventh unit 210 is sealed and fixed to the right side of the filter shell 203. The left end of the seventh unit 210 is provided with a ventilation gap to the bottom wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell 203. Ventilation holes are provided on the partition plate 211 at the parts corresponding to the openings of the first V-shaped carbon unit, the parts corresponding to the openings of the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the parts corresponding to the ventilation gaps. An air outlet 212 is provided on the upper side wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell 203 and is used to vent into the fire detection vehicle.

[0022] During operation, when the vehicle passes through a fire scene, outside air is filtered by the fan 1 and then introduced into the fire inspection vehicle through the filter absorber 2, ensuring that the air pressure inside the fire inspection vehicle is always higher than the outside air pressure. During filtration, outside air enters the filter absorber 2 through the fan 1, first passes through the diffuser, then passes through the first unit 204 for drying to remove moisture, and then enters the second unit 205, which mainly filters out carbon monoxide. It then passes through the vents on the partition 211 into the first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the seventh unit 210 to filter out various toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, methane, liquefied petroleum gas, and carbon disulfide. Finally, clean and non-toxic air is output into the fire inspection vehicle through the outlet 212. The first V-shaped carbon unit, the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the seventh unit 210 are arranged in a stepped manner to ensure the filtration effect and improve the filtration efficiency, facilitating the input of clean and non-toxic air into the fire inspection vehicle and ensuring that the inspection personnel can successfully complete the inspection work.

[0023] In specific implementation, the top side of the third unit 206 is protected by a guide plate 213 to prevent most of the gas from being discharged from the top side of the third unit 206 (without the guide plate 213, the resistance is small, so most of the gas will be discharged from the top side of the third unit 206; with the guide plate 213 added, the top side resistance is large, so the gas will be diverted), resulting in low filtration efficiency.

[0024] In specific implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the filtration and pressurization system also includes a filtration and pressurization controller installed inside the fire truck. The controller includes a power filter, a power module, a main control board, an overpressure sensor, a power regulation module, a self-test module, an LCD display module, and an output monitoring circuit module. The power module provides a stable operating voltage for each module; the power filter filters out noise signals from the DC24V voltage supplied inside the truck, providing a continuous and stable voltage for the system; the main control board controls each module to operate according to a prescribed process, ensuring the system operates normally under various working modes; the overpressure sensor collects the differential pressure value inside and outside the fire truck; the output monitoring circuit module uses the real-time collected differential pressure data as a feedback value to establish a dynamic closed-loop negative feedback control system, employing a PID algorithm to control the power regulation module to amplify the signal, thereby driving the fan to rotate and maintaining the differential pressure inside and outside the truck within a stable range; the LCD display module displays the self-test status and the current differential pressure value.

[0025] In practice, the filter booster controller also includes indicator lights to show whether the system is functioning normally, enabling human-machine interaction.

[0026] In practice, the filter booster controller also includes a manual button for controlling the start or stop of the system. When the fire truck passes through the fire scene to perform a detection task, the system is started to enter the filter booster state. At the same time, the fan 1 is started and the differential pressure value inside and outside the fire truck is monitored in real time. The speed of the fan 1 is adaptively adjusted so that the pressure difference inside and outside the fire truck is maintained within a dynamic range of 150Pa to 180Pa.

[0027] In practice, the filter booster controller also includes a control housing for encapsulating the various modules within the controller, resulting in a unified, standardized, and integrated structure.

[0028] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle, characterized in that, The system includes a filtration and ventilation device installed on the exterior of a fire inspection vehicle. The filtration and ventilation device includes a fan (1) and a filter absorber (2). The filter absorber (2) includes axially distributed and sealed air inlets (201), a frustum-shaped diffuser (202), and a filter housing (203). The outlet of the fan (1) is sealed to the axial inlet of the filter absorber (2). A partition (211) is sealed inside the filter housing (203) to divide the space inside the filter housing (203) into a left region and a right region. The left region inside the filter housing (203) has a first unit (204) and a second unit (205) arranged side-by-side. 203) Five unit cells are arranged vertically in the right region, namely the third unit cell (206), the fourth unit cell (207), the fifth unit cell (208), the sixth unit cell (209), and the seventh unit cell (210). Each unit cell is composed of multiple unit plates, and two of the unit plates in each unit cell are porous plates arranged opposite each other. The front and rear sides of each unit cell are sealed and fixed to the front and rear side walls of the filter shell (203). The two porous plates arranged opposite each other in the first unit cell (204) and the second unit cell (205) are arranged left and right. The first unit cell (204) contains a desiccant, and the second unit cell (205) contains a desiccant. The filter contains a hopalat agent. In the third unit (206), fourth unit (207), fifth unit (208), sixth unit (209), and seventh unit (210), each pair of oppositely arranged porous plates are vertically distributed. Each unit contains a composite impregnated carbon, and its left end is sealed and fixed to the right side of the partition (211). The third unit (206) and fourth unit (207) form a first V-shaped carbon unit with its opening facing left, and the fifth unit (208) and sixth unit (209) form a second V-shaped carbon unit with its opening facing left. The right end of the first V-shaped carbon unit is connected to the filter. The distance between the right side walls of the shell (203) is greater than the distance between the right end of the second V-shaped carbon unit and the right side wall of the filter shell (203). The right end of the seventh unit (210) is sealed and fixed to the right side of the filter shell (203). The left end of the seventh unit (210) is provided with a ventilation gap to the bottom wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell (203). The partition (211) is provided with ventilation holes in the part corresponding to the opening of the first V-shaped carbon unit, the part corresponding to the opening of the second V-shaped carbon unit, and the part corresponding to the ventilation gap. The upper side wall of the right area of ​​the filter shell (203) is provided with an air outlet (212) which is used to pass into the fire detection vehicle when in use.

2. The hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top side of the third unit (206) is blocked by a guide vane (213).

3. The hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filtration and pressurization system also includes a filtration and pressurization controller installed inside the fire truck. The controller comprises a power filter, a power module, a main control board, an overpressure sensor, a power regulation module, an LCD display module, and an output monitoring circuit module. The power module provides a stable operating voltage to each module; the power filter filters out noise signals from the DC24V voltage supplied inside the vehicle, ensuring a continuous and stable voltage for the system; the main control board controls each module to operate according to a prescribed process, ensuring the system operates normally under various working modes; and the overpressure sensor collects the differential pressure values ​​inside and outside the fire truck and processes the collected differential pressure data. The output monitoring circuit module uses the real-time collected differential pressure data inside and outside the vehicle as a feedback value to establish a dynamic closed-loop negative feedback control system. Using a PID algorithm, the power regulation module amplifies the signal, thereby driving the fan to rotate, so that the differential pressure inside and outside the vehicle is maintained within a stable range. The LCD display module is used to display the self-test status and the current differential pressure value.

4. A hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter booster controller also includes indicator lights to show whether the system is functioning properly.

5. A hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter booster controller also includes manual buttons for controlling the start or stop of the system.

6. A hazardous gas filtration and pressurization system for a fire inspection vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filter booster controller also includes a control housing for enclosing the various modules within the controller.

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