Full-automatic intelligent screening and weighing device and method for earth and stone materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic intelligent screening and weighing device and method for earth and stone materials. The device comprises a rack, a vibration platform is arranged on the rack, a connecting base is further arranged on the rack, and a plurality of vibration screening trays are connected to the connecting base in a sliding mode; a weight sensor is arranged on the vibration platform; a discharging mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the vibrating sieve tray; the rack is further provided with a feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is provided with a bearing plate in a matched mode. After screening is completed, the multiple vibrating screen trays are sequentially lifted through the driving mechanism, and soil and stone materials in the vibrating screen trays can be discharged into the bearing plate from the discharging opening to complete automatic discharging; the weight sensor can automatically calculate the weight of the discharged earth and stone materials according to the weight difference along with the re-putting down of the vibrating sieve tray; and finally, the weight distribution conditions of different particle sizes after the soil and stone materials are screened can be obtained. According to the invention, the automatic unloading of the vibrating sieve tray can be realized, and the grading distribution condition of soil and stone materials can be automatically calculated, so that the screening and weighing efficiency of the soil and stone materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and rock screening technology, and in particular, to a fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device and method for soil and rock. Background Technology

[0002] Vibrating screens typically consist of multiple layers of vibrating screens arranged from top to bottom. The screen mesh size gradually decreases from top to bottom. Material is fed into the top layer and is screened layer by layer by the drive of the vibrating motor, thus screening out material of the corresponding particle size in each layer of the vibrating screen.

[0003] However, traditional vibrating screens require manual emptying of materials after screening. For example, when grading and metering soil and stone materials, it is also necessary to manually record the weight of the soil and stone materials poured out from each vibrating screen, which reduces the efficiency of screening and weighing of soil and stone materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials includes a frame, a vibrating platform mounted on the frame, a connecting seat mounted on the frame, and a plurality of vibrating screen discs slidably connected to the connecting seat. The vibrating screen discs are adapted to move closer to or further away from the vibrating platform under the drive of a driving mechanism. A weight sensor for weighing the vibrating screen discs is mounted on the vibrating platform. A discharge mechanism is mounted at the bottom of each vibrating screen disc, and the discharge mechanism is adapted to form an openable and closable discharge port. A feeding mechanism is also mounted on the frame, and the feeding mechanism is adapted to have a receiving plate that can extend between two adjacent vibrating screen discs to receive the material discharged from the discharge port of the upper vibrating screen disc.

[0006] Preferably, the receiving plate is provided with a soil-crushing mechanism, which is adapted to be able to strike the material on the receiving plate; the feeding mechanism is also adapted to be able to move the receiving plate upward and allow the material on the receiving plate to be poured back into the vibrating screen plate located above.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the frame is provided with lockable rollers.

[0008] Preferably, the side wall of the frame is provided with a mounting mechanism for attaching to a vehicle.

[0009] Preferably, the vibrating screen includes a cylinder and a screen body slidably connected to the cylinder. The unloading mechanism includes a first elastic element connected between the screen body and the cylinder. There are two opposing first elastic elements with different stiffness coefficients. A magnetic adsorption mechanism is also adapted between the screen body and the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a vertical transfer component and a horizontal transfer component disposed on the vertical transfer component, and the receiving plate is rotatably disposed on the moving end of the horizontal transfer component. After deflection, the receiving plate has at least a receiving posture and a discharging posture.

[0011] Preferably, the soil-breaking mechanism includes an ejector plate disposed above the receiving plate, and a plurality of striking rods are provided on the bottom surface of the ejector plate.

[0012] Preferably, a second elastic element is connected to the ejector plate, a drive rod is provided on the fixed end of the lateral transfer component, and a plurality of drive protrusions are provided axially on the bottom surface of the drive rod; an abutment rod is provided on the top surface of the ejector plate; as the moving end of the lateral transfer component laterally transfers the receiving plate, the plurality of drive protrusions will continuously abut against and push the abutment rod to spring; the drive rod is rotatably connected to the fixed end of the lateral transfer component, a belt drive mechanism is provided on the fixed end of the lateral transfer component, and the rotating shaft of the drive rod is coupled to the belt drive mechanism; the drive rod includes a deflection part and a sliding fit to the receiving plate. The deflection section has a driving part, in which a plurality of driving protrusions are disposed on the bottom surface of the driving part, and a cable is connected between the driving part and the rotating shaft of the driving rod, the cable being wound around the rotating shaft of the driving rod; a driving wheel is disposed on the rotating shaft of the receiving plate; when the receiving plate is transferred laterally to the discharge position, the driving wheel is coupled to the belt drive mechanism; as the receiving plate deflects into the discharge posture, the driving wheel can drive the driving rod to deflect synchronously through the belt drive mechanism, and at the same time the cable extends from the rotating shaft of the driving rod, thereby allowing the driving part to slide out of the deflection section through a sliding path that passes over the abutment rod.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting seat is provided with a plurality of movable parts, each of which is constructed with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove, and the vibrating screen disk is slidably adapted to the first sliding groove or the second sliding groove; the movable part is adapted to be able to move to a first position or a second position; in the first position, a plurality of the first sliding grooves are connected; in the second position, the corresponding second sliding groove is connected to a plurality of the first sliding grooves on the remaining movable parts; wherein, in the second position, the corresponding vibrating screen disk is offset from the remaining vibrating screen disks in axial projection; the movable part moves between the first position and the second position by circumferential rotation or lateral translation.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing method for soil and rock materials.

[0015] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing method for soil and rock materials, comprising the aforementioned fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials, includes the following steps: S1. Put the soil and stone material to be screened and weighed into the vibrating screen plate at the top; S2. The weight sensor performs an initial weighing and then subtracts the weight of the vibrating screen plate to obtain the weight of the soil and stone material. S3. The vibration platform drives several of the vibrating screens to perform vibrating screening. S4. Control the topmost vibrating screen to lift up, and discharge the soil and stone into the corresponding receiving plate through the unloading mechanism; S5. Control the raised vibrating screen to be lowered again. At this time, the weight sensor weighs again, and the obtained weight difference value is the weight of the discharged soil and stone. S6. Control the remaining vibrating screens to be raised and lowered sequentially from top to bottom, and determine the weight of the soil and stone material screened out in each vibrating screen based on multiple weighings by the weight sensor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. After screening, a drive mechanism sequentially lifts several vibrating screen discs, allowing the soil and rock material inside to be discharged from the discharge port onto a receiving plate for automatic unloading. As the vibrating screen discs are lowered back down, a weight sensor automatically calculates the weight of the discharged soil and rock material based on the weight difference. This process is repeated to ultimately determine the weight distribution of different particle sizes of the screened soil and rock material. Compared with existing technologies, this invention enables automatic unloading of the vibrating screen discs and automatically calculates the gradation distribution of the soil and rock material, thereby improving the screening and weighing efficiency of the soil and rock material.

[0017] 2. The soil crushing mechanism on the receiving plate can crush the expansive soil in the soil and stone material. Then the feeding mechanism can put the soil and stone material back into the vibrating screen for screening, and finally obtain the gradation distribution containing only crushed stone.

[0018] 3. The ejection of the ejector plate is achieved by several driving protrusions pushing the abutment rod against it. For example, when the receiving plate is pulled out of the vibrating screen, the abutment rod moves relative to several driving protrusions, causing the ejector plate to be continuously pushed towards one side of the receiving plate. During this process, several striking rods will knock and break up the expansive soil on the receiving plate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the embodiment is in the screening operation state; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the embodiment is in the unloading state; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the translational movable part; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating movable part. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the soil crushing mechanism and the material feeding mechanism; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram showing the receiving state of the receiving plate; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram showing the material arrangement of the receiving plate.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Vibrating platform; 3. Connecting seat; 4. Vibrating screen plate; 5. Drive mechanism; 6. Weight sensor; 7. Unloading mechanism; 8. Discharge port; 9. Feeding mechanism; 10. Receiving plate; 11. Soil crushing mechanism; 12. Roller; 13. Installation mechanism; 14. Cylinder; 15. Screen body; 16. First elastic element; 17. Magnetic adsorption mechanism; 18. Vertical transfer component; 19. Horizontal transfer component; 20. Top plate; 21. Striking rod; 22. Second elastic element; 23. Drive rod; 24. Drive protrusion; 25. Abutment rod; 26. Belt drive mechanism; 27. Deflection part; 28. Drive part; 29. ​​Cable; 30. Drive wheel; 31. Movable part; 32. First chute; 33. Second chute; 34. Discharge hopper; 35. Top block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials is described. First, refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 The system includes a frame 1 and a vibrating platform 2 mounted on the frame 1. A connecting seat 3 is also provided on the frame 1, and several vibrating screen discs 4 are slidably connected to the connecting seat 3 along a vertical direction. For example, the vibrating screen discs 4 can move closer to or further away from the vibrating platform 2 under the drive of the driving mechanism 5. When screening is required, the several vibrating screen discs 4 can be placed downwards on the vibrating platform 2, and then the soil and stone material is placed on the topmost vibrating screen disc 4. Under the vibration force of the vibrating platform 2, the soil and stone material will be distributed into multiple different particle sizes from top to bottom within the multiple vibrating screen discs 4 according to the size of the mesh of the vibrating screen discs 4.

[0023] For example, see Figure 4 The drive mechanism 5 can be a drive wheel 30 that actively rotates to move the vibrating screen plate 4. Alternatively, the drive mechanism 5 can also be a pull rope (not shown) connected to each vibrating screen plate 4, which raises or lowers the vibrating screen plate 4 by winding or unwinding the pull rope. In possible examples, the movement of the vibrating screen plate 4 can also be driven by a linear module, electric cylinder, etc. A weight sensor 6 is preferably fitted onto the vibrating platform 2, which can detect the weight of the vibrating screen 4 placed on the vibrating platform 2. For example, the weight of each vibrating screen 4 can be predicted in advance. Before the screening operation, the controller can subtract the weight of the vibrating screen 4 itself from the weight measured by the weight sensor 6 to obtain the weight of the soil and stone material to be screened.

[0024] Additionally, see Figure 3 The frame 1 is also equipped with a feeding mechanism 9, and the bottom of the vibrating screen 4 is also adapted to be equipped with a discharge mechanism 7. The discharge mechanism 7 is specifically adapted to form an openable and closable discharge port 8 at the bottom of the vibrating screen 4, and the feeding mechanism 9 includes at least a receiving plate 10 adapted to extend between two adjacent vibrating screens 4.

[0025] After the screening operation is completed, under the control of the controller, the top vibrating screen plate 4 can be lifted upwards, and then the receiving plate 10 extends below the vibrating screen plate 4; the unloading mechanism 7 opens the discharge port 8 to allow the soil and stone to be discharged into the receiving plate 10; then the vibrating screen plate 4 is controlled to be lowered again, and the weight of the discharged soil and stone is obtained according to the difference measured by the weight sensor 6. Similarly, the two top vibrating screen plates 4 can be controlled to be lifted simultaneously, and after unloading, the two vibrating screen plates 4 are controlled to be lowered again. At this time, the difference measured by the weight sensor 6 is the weight of the soil and stone discharged from the second vibrating screen plate 4; this process is repeated to obtain the weight of the soil and stone in each vibrating screen plate 4, and finally the gradation of the batch of soil and stone is obtained.

[0026] The controller can record the weight difference measured by the weight sensor 6 each time, and then analyze and display the weight of the material on each vibrating screen 4 through the control system on terminals such as display screens and mobile phones, so that operators can more intuitively and intelligently know the gradation of soil and stone materials.

[0027] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 In some embodiments, the connecting seat 3 is provided with a plurality of movable parts 31, and each movable part 31 is constructed with a first sliding groove 32 and a second sliding groove 33. In the initial state, each of the above-mentioned vibrating screens 4 is slidably adapted to the track formed by the connection of a plurality of first sliding grooves 32. When a certain vibrating screen 4 is not needed, for example when the grade of the gradation of soil and stone needs to be adjusted, the corresponding movable part 31 can be controlled to move from the first position to the second position. During this period, the corresponding vibrating screen 4 will disengage from the track, and the corresponding second sliding groove 33 will re-engage with the track, thereby ensuring the integrity of the track and ensuring that the vibrating screen 4 located above can be smoothly lowered.

[0028] It is understood that in the second position described above, the corresponding vibrating screen disk 4 will be misaligned with the other vibrating screen disks 4 in axial projection, allowing the upper vibrating screen disk 4 to smoothly engage with the lower vibrating screen disk 4 along the track. See Figure 5 In a possible example, the connecting seat 3 is a column, and the movable part 31 can be sleeved on the column. The first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are distributed at a certain angle along the circumference. For example, the movable part 31 can rotate circumferentially under the drive of a motor or other rotational power, thereby causing the vibrating screen plate 4 to deflect and misalign along the circumference, and the second slide groove 33 to deflect and engage with the remaining first slide grooves 32.

[0029] See also Figure 4In other examples, the connecting seat 3 may be generally plate-shaped, and several movable parts 31 are arranged side by side on the connecting seat 3, each movable part 31 being adapted to slide laterally, and the first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are distributed laterally at a certain distance. For example, the movable parts 31 may slide under the drive of linear power such as a linear module, electric cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, so as to cause the vibrating screen 4 to slide and misalign laterally, and the second slide groove 33 to move to match the remaining first slide grooves 32.

[0030] See Figure 7 In some embodiments, the receiving plate 10 is preferably also provided with a soil crushing mechanism 11, which is adapted to be able to strike the soil and stone material on the receiving plate 10, for example, to crush the expansive soil in the soil and stone material. In addition, the feeding mechanism 9 is also adapted to be able to move the receiving plate 10 upward, so that the crushed soil and stone material on the receiving plate 10 can be poured back into the vibrating screen 4. Subsequently, several vibrating screens 4 are controlled to perform screening operations again. Since the crushed expansive soil is relatively fine, the expansive soil will be screened to the bottom. At this time, only gravel will be screened into the vibrating screen 4. Finally, the gradation of gravel in this batch of soil and stone material can be obtained according to the same measurement method as above.

[0031] See Figure 6 In a specific example, the vibrating screen 4 may include a cylinder 14 and a screen body 15 slidably connected to the cylinder 14. A sliding seat may be provided on the side wall of the cylinder 14, and the sliding seat is specifically attached to the connecting seat 3 to achieve the sliding connection of the vibrating screen 4. The unloading mechanism 7 preferably includes a first elastic element 16 connected between the screen body 15 and the cylinder 14, and in particular, there are two opposing first elastic elements 16 with different stiffness coefficients. Furthermore, a magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 is also adapted between the screen body 15 and the cylinder 14.

[0032] With the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 fixed in place, the screen body 15 can maintain its relative position within the cylinder 14, so as to maintain stability when the vibrating screen plate 4 performs the screening operation to complete the screening of soil and stone materials. When the vibrating screen plate 4 is lifted to unload the material, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 releases the fixation of the screen body 15. Under the action of gravity, the screen body 15 will tend to detach downward from the cylinder 14. At this time, both first elastic elements 16 will deform. Since the stiffness coefficients of the two first elastic elements 16 are different, the screen body 15 will tilt towards the side of the first elastic element 16 with the lower stiffness coefficient, thereby forming the discharge port 8. As the vibrating screen plate 4 is lowered again, the tilted screen body 15 will be pushed back to the horizontal state by the cylinder 14 below. At this time, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 will fix the screen body 15 again.

[0033] In a specific example, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 may include an electromagnet, and the sieve body 15 can be fixed and released by controlling the on and off of the electromagnet. For example, protrusions may be provided on both sides of the sieve body 15, and grooves may be correspondingly provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 14, with the protrusions fitting into the grooves, thereby improving the sliding stability of the sieve body 15 within the cylinder 14.

[0034] In a preferred example, a top block 35 may be provided on the top of the cylinder 14. When the vibrating screen 4 is lowered again, the bottom top block 35 can push the screen body 15 back to a horizontal state and drive the magnetic adsorption point on the protrusion to attract the electromagnet.

[0035] See Figure 3 , Figure 7 In some embodiments, the feeding mechanism 9 may include a vertical transfer component 18 and a horizontal transfer component 19 disposed on the vertical transfer component 18, while the receiving plate 10 is rotatably disposed on the moving end of the horizontal transfer component 19. For example, the vertical transfer component 18 may include a vertically arranged conveyor belt or a vertically arranged linear module, and the horizontal transfer component 19 may also adopt a similar structure, the only difference being that the transfer direction of the horizontal transfer component 19 is horizontal. A cylinder or electric cylinder may also be adapted and hinged between the moving end of the receiving plate 10 and the horizontal transfer component 19, so that the receiving plate 10 is driven to deflect at an angle by the ejection of the cylinder or electric cylinder. For example, the receiving plate 10 may deflect to an upwardly inclined receiving posture, a basically horizontal moving posture, or a downwardly inclined discharging posture.

[0036] Preferably, a discharge hopper 34 is provided on the receiving plate 10. When the vibrating screen 4 is unloading, the receiving plate 10 is in the receiving posture so that the opening of the discharge hopper 34 is opposite to the discharge port 8, so that the soil and stone material discharged from the vibrating screen 4 can fall into the discharge hopper 34 more smoothly. When refilling the vibrating screen 4, the receiving plate 10 is deflected to the discharge posture, so that the soil and stone material in the discharge hopper 34 can slide smoothly into the vibrating screen 4 under the action of gravity, and it is not easy for material residue to occur.

[0037] Each vertical transfer component 18 is equipped with a feeding mechanism 9 corresponding to each vibrating screen 4, so that several discharge hoppers 34 correspond one-to-one with several vibrating screens 4. Especially when screening and measuring crushed stone, the crushed stone discharged from the vibrating screen 4 can be put back into the original vibrating screen 4 during the operation of the corresponding discharge hopper 34, thereby improving the efficiency of crushed stone gradation screening. For example, at this time, it is only necessary to vibrate and screen the crushed expansive soil to the bottom.

[0038] In the preferred configuration, the vertical transfer component 18 is preferably a conveyor belt, which can drive several feeding mechanisms 9 to transfer upwards simultaneously, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0039] In some embodiments, the soil-crushing mechanism 11 may include a top ejector plate 20 disposed on top of the discharge hopper 34. The top ejector plate 20 is also positioned above the receiving plate 10, and is adapted to be ejected towards one side of the receiving plate 10. For example, a plurality of striking rods 21 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the top ejector plate 20. It is conceivable that as the top ejector plate 20 is ejected, the striking rods 21 will strike the soil and rock material on the receiving plate 10, thereby crushing the expansive soil.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the ejection of the ejector plate 20 can be achieved by an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. Alternatively, a second elastic element 22 can be provided between the ejector plate 20 and the discharge hopper 34, and a drive rod 23 can be provided on the fixed end of the transverse transfer component 19. The drive rod 23 has a plurality of drive protrusions 24 arranged axially on its bottom surface, while an abutment rod 25 is provided on the top surface of the ejector plate 20.

[0041] When the receiving plate 10 receives soil and stone material and detaches from the vibrating screen 4, the receiving plate 10 can deflect to a horizontal moving posture. During this period, several driving protrusions 24 will abut against the abutting rod 25 in sequence. The abutting rod 25 will drive the ejector plate 20 to be ejected under the push of the driving protrusions 24. The second elastic member 22 will reset the ejector plate 20 upward through elastic restoring force when the abutting rod 25 and the driving protrusions 24 are misaligned.

[0042] Similarly, when the receiving plate 10 is laterally transferred into the vibrating screen 4, the ejector plate 20 will also bounce out as described above. In this configuration, the ejection of the ejector plate 20 does not require an additional power device, and during the two strokes of the receiving plate 10 being pulled out and inserted into the vibrating screen 4, the ejector plate 20 will drive the striking rod 21 to be ejected to strike and break up the soil and rocks.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the drive rod 23 is also pivotally connected to the fixed end of the lateral transfer member 19, allowing the drive rod 23 to deflect in a similar manner to the receiving plate 10. More specifically, a belt drive mechanism 26 is also provided on the fixed end of the lateral transfer member 19, and the shaft of the drive rod 23 is coupled to the belt drive mechanism 26. For example, a connecting pulley that engages with the belt body of the belt drive mechanism 26 may be provided on the shaft of the drive rod 23; a drive wheel 30 is provided on the shaft of the receiving plate 10.

[0044] See Figure 8 , Figure 9Before the receiving plate 10 is laterally transferred to the receiving or discharging position, the drive wheel 30 gradually approaches the belt of the belt drive mechanism 26; and especially when the receiving plate 10 is laterally transferred to the discharging position, the drive wheel 30 couples with the belt of the belt drive mechanism 26. Before describing the operation of the belt drive mechanism 26, the specific structure of the drive rod 23 needs to be introduced. The drive rod 23 specifically includes a deflection part 27 and a drive part 28 that is slidably adapted to the deflection part 27, wherein the connecting wheel is disposed on the shaft of the deflection part 27, and the aforementioned driving protrusions 24 are disposed on the bottom surface of the drive part 28. Furthermore, a cable 29 is connected between the drive part 28 and the shaft of the drive rod 23, and the cable 29 is wound up and disposed on the shaft of the drive rod 23.

[0045] When the receiving plate 10 reaches the discharge position, it will deflect to the discharge posture under the ejection of the cylinder or electric cylinder. At this time, the drive wheel 30 will drive the belt to generate transmission, so that the drive rod 23 and the receiving plate 10 will deflect synchronously. At the same time, the cable 29 will extend from the shaft of the drive rod 23. At this time, the drive part 28 will no longer be pulled by the cable 29 and will slide out from the deflection part 27. That is, the drive part 28 will move relative to the abutment rod 25. The sliding drive part 28 will drive several drive protrusions 24 to push the abutment rod 25 and the ejector plate 20 to be ejected. Thus, the ejector plate 20 can strike the receiving plate 10 in the discharge posture, making it less likely for material residue to appear on the receiving plate 10.

[0046] After the material is discharged, the receiving plate 10 deflects back to a horizontal position, and then, driven by the belt, the drive rod 23 swings back to its original position. At the same time, the cable 29 rewinds onto the shaft of the drive rod 23, so that the drive unit 28 is pulled back into the deflection unit 27, ready for the next ejection action.

[0047] In some embodiments, the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with lockable rollers 12, which facilitate the movement of the invention to different scenarios for screening and weighing soil and rock materials. In other examples, the side wall of the frame 1 is also provided with a mounting mechanism 13 for attachment to a vehicle. For example, the mounting mechanism 13 can be a fastening seat, and the attachment of the invention to the vehicle is achieved by screwing fastening bolts on the fastening seat into threaded mounting holes reserved on the vehicle body. In this way, the invention can be transported in a vehicle-mounted manner between different scenarios for screening and weighing soil and rock materials.

[0048] Working principle: Unloading mechanism: Under the fixation of the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17, the screen body 15 can maintain its relative position within the cylinder 14, so as to maintain stability when the vibrating screen plate 4 performs screening operations to complete the screening of soil and stone materials; when the vibrating screen plate 4 is lifted to unload, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 releases the fixation of the screen body 15. Under the action of gravity, the screen body 15 will tend to detach downward from the cylinder 14. At this time, both first elastic elements 16 will deform; and since the stiffness coefficients of the two first elastic elements 16 are different, the screen body 15 will tilt towards the side of the first elastic element 16 with the lower stiffness coefficient, thereby forming the discharge port 8; as the vibrating screen plate 4 is lowered again, the tilted screen body 15 will be pushed back to the horizontal state by the cylinder 14 below. At this time, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 will fix the screen body 15 again.

[0049] For example, the magnetic adsorption mechanism 17 can automatically switch on and off in response to the controller, thereby automatically opening the discharge port 8 and realizing automated and intelligent unloading.

[0050] Feeding mechanism: The receiving plate 10 in the feeding mechanism 9 can change its vertical and horizontal positions under the drive of the vertical transfer component 18 and the horizontal transfer component 19. The receiving plate 10 can also deflect under the drive of the cylinder or electric cylinder, thereby realizing the switching between receiving posture and discharging posture.

[0051] Soil-crushing mechanism: When the receiving plate 10 receives soil and stone and detaches from the vibrating screen 4, the receiving plate 10 can deflect to a horizontal moving posture. During this process, several driving protrusions 24 will sequentially abut against the abutting rods 25 in the soil-crushing mechanism. The abutting rods 25, pushed by the driving protrusions 24, will cause the ejector plate 20 to be ejected. The second elastic member 22 will reset the ejector plate 20 upward through elastic restoring force when the abutting rods 25 and the driving protrusions 24 are misaligned. Similarly, when the receiving plate 10 is laterally transferred into the vibrating screen 4, the ejector plate 20 will also bounce out as described above. In this configuration, the ejection of the ejector plate 20 does not rely on an additional power device, and during the two strokes of the receiving plate 10 being pulled out and inserted into the vibrating screen 4, the ejector plate 20 will drive the striking rod 21 to be ejected to strike and crush the soil and stone.

[0052] The following is an illustrative working process of this disclosure: 1. Select the required vibrating screen discs to overlap downwards according to the screening and grading design requirements; 2. Place the soil and stone material to be screened and weighed into the top vibrating screen plate 4; 3. After screening, lift the vibrating screen 4 and discharge the soil and stone into the receiving plate 10, which is in the receiving posture, through the unloading mechanism.

[0053] For example, the vibrator (not shown) on the screen body 15 can also drive the soil and rocks to be vibrated from the screen body 15 so that they can be discharged more fully and without any leakage; 4. As the receiving plate 10 moves laterally, the crushing mechanism automatically breaks up the expansive soil in the soil and rock material. If secondary screening is not required, the receiving plate 10 can be controlled to enter the discharge posture to directly discharge the material. If gradation screening of the crushed stone in the soil and rock material is required, the lateral movement of the receiving plate 10 is executed. When the expansive soil is crushed, the embedded crushed stone is exposed, thereby achieving the separation of crushed stone and expansive soil.

[0054] 5. The discharged soil and stone materials are fed back into the vibrating screen 4 for secondary screening through the feeding mechanism, and finally the gradation screening and weighing of crushed stone is achieved.

[0055] Example 2: A fully automated intelligent screening and weighing method for soil and rock materials, including the fully automated intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials as described in Example 1, includes the following steps: S1. Put the soil and stone material to be screened and weighed into the vibrating screen plate 4 at the top. S2. The weight sensor 6 weighs the material for the first time and then subtracts the weight of the vibrating screen 4 to obtain the weight of the soil and stone. S3. The vibration platform 2 drives several of the vibrating screens 4 to perform vibration screening; S4. Control the topmost vibrating screen plate 4 to lift up, and discharge the soil and stone material into the corresponding receiving plate 10 through the unloading mechanism 7. S5. Control the raised vibrating screen 4 to be lowered again. At this time, the weight sensor 6 weighs again, and the obtained weight difference value is the weight of the discharged soil and stone. S6. Control the remaining vibrating screens 4 to be raised and lowered sequentially from top to bottom, and determine the weight of the soil and stone material screened out in each vibrating screen 4 based on the multiple weighings of the weight sensor 6.

[0056] Before performing S1, the corresponding movable part 31 can be moved according to the gradation screening requirements of the soil and stone material design, so that the unused vibrating screen 4 is offset from other vibrating screen 4 in the axial projection. At the same time, the corresponding second slide 33 will be connected to several first slide 32 to keep the track unobstructed, so that the upper vibrating screen 4 can be smoothly engaged with the lower vibrating screen 4, until several vibrating screens 4 are combined and placed on the vibrating platform 2.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials, comprising a frame (1), wherein a vibrating platform (2) is provided on the frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a connecting seat (3), and a plurality of vibrating screen disks (4) are slidably connected on the connecting seat (3). The vibrating screen disks (4) are adapted to move closer to or further away from the vibrating platform (2) under the drive of the driving mechanism (5). The vibration platform (2) is equipped with a weight sensor (6) for weighing the vibrating screen (4); The bottom of the vibrating screen (4) is provided with a discharge mechanism (7), which is adapted to form an openable and closable discharge port (8); The frame (1) is also provided with a feeding mechanism (9), which is adapted to have a receiving plate (10) that can extend between two adjacent vibrating screens (4) to receive the material discharged from the discharge port (8) of the vibrating screen (4) located above.

2. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving plate (10) is provided with a soil crushing mechanism (11), which is adapted to be able to knock the material on the receiving plate (10); The feeding mechanism (9) is also adapted to move the receiving plate (10) upward and allow the material on the receiving plate (10) to be poured back into the vibrating screen (4) located above.

3. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with lockable rollers (12).

4. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the frame (1) is provided with a mounting mechanism (13) for attaching to a vehicle.

5. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen (4) includes a cylinder (14) and a screen body (15) slidably connected inside the cylinder (14). The unloading mechanism (7) includes a first elastic element (16) connected between the screen body (15) and the cylinder (14). There are two opposing first elastic elements (16), and the stiffness coefficients of the two first elastic elements (16) are different. A magnetic adsorption mechanism (17) is also adapted between the screen body (15) and the cylinder (14).

6. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (9) includes a vertical transfer component (18) and a horizontal transfer component (19) disposed on the vertical transfer component (18). The receiving plate (10) is rotatably disposed on the moving end of the horizontal transfer component (19). After deflection, the receiving plate (10) includes at least a receiving posture and a discharging posture.

7. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soil breaking mechanism (11) includes an ejector plate (20) that can be ejected and is disposed above the receiving plate (10), and a plurality of striking rods (21) are provided on the bottom surface of the ejector plate (20).

8. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ejector plate (20) is connected to a second elastic element (22), and a drive rod (23) is provided on the fixed end of the transverse transfer component (19). A plurality of drive protrusions (24) are provided on the bottom surface of the drive rod (23) along the axial direction. An abutment rod (25) is provided on the top surface of the ejector plate (20); As the moving end of the lateral transfer component (19) laterally transfers the receiving plate (10), several of the driving protrusions (24) will continuously abut against and push the abutment rod (25) to bounce. The drive rod (23) is rotatably connected to the fixed end of the transverse transfer component (19), and a belt drive mechanism (26) is provided on the fixed end of the transverse transfer component (19). The rotating shaft of the drive rod (23) is coupled to the belt drive mechanism (26). The drive rod (23) includes a deflection part (27) and a drive part (28) that is slidably adapted to the deflection part (27). A plurality of drive protrusions (24) are disposed on the bottom surface of the drive part (28), and a cable (29) is connected between the drive part (28) and the shaft of the drive rod (23). The cable (29) is wound around the shaft of the drive rod (23). A drive wheel (30) is provided on the rotating shaft of the receiving plate (10); When the receiving plate (10) is transferred laterally to the discharge position, the drive wheel (30) is coupled to the belt drive mechanism (26); as the receiving plate (10) deflects into the discharge posture, the drive wheel (30) can drive the drive rod (23) to deflect synchronously through the belt drive mechanism (26), and at the same time the cable (29) extends from the rotating shaft of the drive rod (23), so that the drive part (28) slides out of the deflection part (27) through the sliding path of passing the abutment rod (25).

9. The fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The connecting seat (3) is provided with a plurality of movable parts (31), and each movable part (31) is provided with a first sliding groove (32) and a second sliding groove (33). The vibrating screen (4) is slidably adapted to the first sliding groove (32) or the second sliding groove (33). The movable part (31) is adapted to be able to move to a first position or a second position; At the first position, several of the first grooves (32) are connected together; In the second position, the corresponding second slide groove (33) is connected to a plurality of first slide grooves (32) on the remaining movable parts (31); In the second position, the corresponding vibrating screen disk (4) is offset from the other vibrating screen disks (4) in axial projection; The movable part (31) moves between the first position and the second position by means of circumferential rotation or lateral translation.

10. A fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing method for soil and rock materials, comprising the fully automatic intelligent screening and weighing device for soil and rock materials according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Put the soil and stone material to be screened and weighed into the vibrating screen plate (4) at the top; S2. The weight sensor (6) weighs the material for the first time and removes the weight of the vibrating screen (4) to obtain the weight of the soil and stone. S3. The vibration platform (2) drives several of the vibrating screens (4) to perform vibration screening; S4. Control the topmost vibrating screen (4) to lift up, and discharge the soil and stone into the corresponding receiving plate (10) through the unloading mechanism (7); S5. Control the raised vibrating screen (4) to be lowered again. At this time, the weight sensor (6) weighs again, and the obtained weight difference value is the weight of the discharged soil and stone. S6. Control the remaining vibrating screens (4) to be raised and lowered sequentially from top to bottom, and determine the weight of the soil and stone material screened out in each vibrating screen (4) based on the multiple weighings of the weight sensor (6).

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