A method and system for adapting laser energy under different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of PCB, and particularly relates to a laser energy adaptation method and system for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks. The present application accurately adapts laser energy according to the characteristics of different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks by combining pre-adjustment and real-time correction of laser parameters, so that the engraving process is more fine and efficient. The present application ensures that heat accumulation is effectively controlled during the engraving process by real-time acquisition of temperature values of multiple regions and establishment of a temperature field distribution model, avoids excessive heat concentration in a certain place to cause local overheating, further improves the engraving quality and efficiency by optimizing and adjusting the scanning path, reduces unnecessary heat transfer risk, and generates a precise laser energy adaptation model for the laser engraving system based on the engraving effect evaluation index, so that it can adapt to the characteristics of different white oil blocks, ensures balanced heat distribution during the machining process, thereby improving the engraving effect and ensuring the reliability and stability of the PCB substrate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of PCB, in particular to a laser energy adaptation method and system for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of PCB production, sometimes customers require printing white oil blocks on PCB boards to facilitate laser-engraved barcodes. White oil blocks generally refer to a material covering the surface of a PCB for protection or reinforcement of the circuit board. Its main function is to provide surface protection and facilitate subsequent laser processing. Different types of white oil blocks may have different physical and chemical properties (such as thickness, density, light absorption characteristics, etc.). Therefore, when laser processing, the laser parameters need to be adjusted according to these characteristics. The core of the laser energy adaptation method is to accurately control the power, frequency, wavelength, etc. of the laser according to the light absorption characteristics and thickness of the white oil block, to ensure that the laser can effectively engrave or mark, and not damage the PCB itself. The key factors of laser energy adaptation are the thickness of the white oil block, the type of the white oil block, and the control of the laser energy.

[0003] Currently, the laser energy adaptation method for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses has been widely used in industrial production. In the existing technology, the combination of laser power adjustment and scanning speed control is mainly used. By adjusting the power and scanning speed of the laser, different thicknesses and types of white oil blocks can be adapted to ensure the accuracy of the laser-engraved effect and avoid damaging the PCB itself. However, in the laser engraving process, the adjustment of the power and scanning speed of the laser is mainly achieved by locally heating the white oil block and the PCB surface to complete the processing. However, when the laser acts on a certain area for a long time, heat may accumulate. This accumulated heat not only affects the engraving effect of the white oil block, but also may further transfer to the PCB substrate, causing overheating, deformation of the substrate, and even affecting the performance and reliability of the circuit. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a laser energy adaptation method for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] The present application provides a laser energy adaptation method for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses, which includes:

[0006] Obtain the initial laser parameters, initial laser engraving path, type parameters and thickness parameters of the white oil block of the laser engraving system, and pre-adjust the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and thickness parameters to obtain pre-adjusted laser parameters;

[0007] acquire temperature values of multiple regions on the surface of the white oil block and energy density values of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters, and construct a real-time temperature field distribution model according to the multiple temperature values;

[0008] acquire corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficients according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and determine whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold;

[0009] if the heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold, correct and adjust the pre-adjusted laser parameters according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient to obtain corrected laser parameters;

[0010] acquire scanning path adjustment parameters according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and re-plan the initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path, wherein the scanning path adjustment parameters include a scanning direction angle, a heat spot avoidance distance, and a scanning pitch;

[0011] acquire depth information and grayscale image information of the engraved region of the white oil block in real time based on the corrected laser parameters and the adjusted laser engraving path, and acquire an engraving effect evaluation index according to the depth information and the grayscale image information;

[0012] generate a laser energy adaptation model according to the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the corrected laser parameters, and the adjusted laser engraving path, so that the laser engraving system performs laser energy adaptation on different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to the laser energy adaptation model.

[0013] Preferably, the step of pre-adjusting the initial laser parameters according to the type parameter and the thickness parameter to obtain pre-adjusted laser parameters comprises:

[0014] acquire a base material type of the white oil block according to the type parameter, and acquire a corresponding thermal conductivity coefficient and a heat-resistant temperature upper limit according to the base material type;

[0015] acquire a laser incidence angle of the laser engraving system;

[0016] acquire a thickness value of the white oil block according to the thickness parameter, and acquire a heat conduction path length according to the thickness value and the laser incidence angle;

[0017] acquire a density, a specific heat capacity, and an ambient temperature of the white oil block, and acquire a heat conduction path inertia coefficient according to the density, the specific heat capacity, and the heat conduction path length;

[0018] acquire a temperature difference according to the ambient temperature and the heat-resistant temperature upper limit, and acquire a first power correction coefficient according to the temperature difference, the thermal conductivity coefficient, and the heat conduction path inertia coefficient;

[0019] According to the thickness value, a first scanning speed correction coefficient is obtained, and according to the first scanning speed correction coefficient and a first power correction coefficient, an initial scanning speed and an initial laser power in initial laser parameters are respectively pre-adjusted to obtain a pre-adjusted scanning speed and a pre-adjusted laser power.

[0020] As preferred, the step of obtaining a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value comprises:

[0021] The base material type of the white oil block is obtained, and an energy tolerance threshold is obtained according to the base material type;

[0022] A corresponding energy overproof coefficient is obtained according to each of the energy density values and the energy tolerance threshold;

[0023] The position information of a corresponding laser action point is obtained according to each of the energy density values, and a corresponding area position is determined according to each of the position information;

[0024] Each of the area positions is input into the real-time temperature field distribution model to obtain a corresponding area temperature value, and a corresponding temperature risk coefficient is obtained according to each of the area temperature values and the energy tolerance threshold;

[0025] The total surface area of the white oil block is obtained;

[0026] A corresponding area is obtained according to the area position, and a corresponding area proportion coefficient is obtained according to each of the area and the total surface area;

[0027] A corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient is obtained according to each of the area proportion coefficient, the temperature risk coefficient and the energy overproof coefficient.

[0028] As preferred, the step of obtaining a scanning path adjustment parameter according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and re-planning an initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameter to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path comprises:

[0029] The thermal conductivity, the thickness value and the upper limit of heat resistance temperature of the white oil block are obtained, and a scanning interval is obtained according to the thickness value and the heat accumulation risk coefficient;

[0030] The position information and the temperature information of a corresponding laser action point are obtained according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and a temperature gradient vector of the laser action point is obtained according to the temperature information and the position information;

[0031] A temperature gradient direction angle is obtained according to the temperature gradient vector, and a scanning direction angle is obtained according to the temperature gradient direction angle and the heat accumulation risk coefficient;

[0032] The temperature coefficient ratio is obtained based on the temperature information and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature, and the hot spot avoidance distance is obtained based on the thermal conductivity and the temperature coefficient ratio.

[0033] The direction of the new scan line is determined according to the scan direction angle, and the spacing of the new scan line is arranged according to the scan spacing.

[0034] Based on the hotspot avoidance distance, a new jump path is planned between the planned areas, and the initial laser engraving path is replanned based on the new jump path, the new scan line direction, and the new scan line spacing to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path.

[0035] Preferably, the step of obtaining the carving effect evaluation index based on the depth information and grayscale image information includes:

[0036] The actual depth and preset standard depth of the white oil block carving area are obtained based on the depth information, and the scratch depth deviation rate is obtained based on the actual depth and preset standard depth.

[0037] Obtain the standard carving edge line of the white oil block carving area, and obtain the standard edge length based on the standard carving edge line;

[0038] The edge contour lines are extracted from the grayscale image information, and the coordinates of multiple sampling points on the edge contour lines are extracted;

[0039] Obtain the vertical distance from the coordinates of each sampling point to the standard engraved edge line, and obtain the average deviation distance based on multiple vertical distances;

[0040] The edge flatness deviation rate is obtained based on the average deviation distance and standard edge length, and the engraving effect evaluation index is obtained based on the edge flatness deviation rate and the scratch depth deviation rate.

[0041] Preferably, the step of generating a laser energy adaptation model based on the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the corrected laser parameters, and the adjusted laser engraving path includes:

[0042] The highest temperature value is obtained based on the real-time temperature field distribution model, and the scanning path parameters are obtained based on the adjustment of the laser engraving path.

[0043] Multiple sets of engraving data for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses are obtained, and the multiple sets of engraving data are divided into training set and validation set. The engraving data includes engraving effect evaluation index, maximum temperature value, corrected laser parameters and scanning path parameters.

[0044] An initial fitting model was constructed using the random forest algorithm, and the training set was input into the initial fitting model for training. The hyperparameters of the model were then optimized using the grid search method to obtain the preliminary fitting model.

[0045] inputting the verification set data into the initial adaptive model for verification to obtain a model output result, and determining whether the model output result is within a preset threshold interval;

[0046] If the model output result is not within the preset threshold interval, returning to the step of inputting the training set into the initial adaptive model for training and optimizing the hyperparameters of the model by the grid search method until the model output result is within the preset threshold interval;

[0047] If the model output result is within the preset threshold interval, determining the preliminary adaptive model as the laser energy adaptive model.

[0048] The application also provides a laser energy adaptive system for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, comprising:

[0049] a pre-adjustment module configured to obtain initial laser parameters of a laser engraving system, an initial laser engraving path, and type parameters and thickness parameters of a white oil block, and pre-adjust the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and the thickness parameters to obtain pre-adjusted laser parameters;

[0050] a construction module configured to start the laser engraving system based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters to collect temperature values of multiple regions on the surface of the white oil block and energy density values of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time, and construct a real-time temperature field distribution model according to the multiple temperature values;

[0051] a judgment module configured to obtain a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and determine whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold;

[0052] If the heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold, the pre-adjusted laser parameters are adjusted and corrected according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient to obtain corrected laser parameters;

[0053] a planning module configured to obtain scanning path adjustment parameters according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and re-plan the initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path, wherein the scanning path adjustment parameters include a scanning direction angle, a heat spot avoidance distance, and a scanning pitch;

[0054] an acquisition module configured to collect depth information and grayscale image information of an engraved region of the white oil block in real time based on the corrected laser parameters and the adjusted laser engraving path, and obtain an engraved effect evaluation index according to the depth information and the grayscale image information;

[0055] The generating module is used for generating a laser energy adaptation model according to the carving effect evaluation index, a real-time temperature field distribution model, a corrected laser parameter and an adjusted laser carving path, so that the laser carving system performs laser energy adaptation on white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses according to the laser energy adaptation model.

[0056] Preferably, the pre-adjusting module comprises:

[0057] The first obtaining unit is configured to obtain a base material type of the white oil block according to the type parameter, and obtain a corresponding thermal conductivity and a heat-resistant temperature upper limit according to the base material type;

[0058] The second obtaining unit is configured to obtain a laser incidence angle of the laser carving system;

[0059] The third obtaining unit is configured to obtain a thickness value of the white oil block according to the thickness parameter, and obtain a heat conduction path length according to the thickness value and the laser incidence angle;

[0060] The fourth obtaining unit is configured to obtain a density, a specific heat capacity and an ambient temperature of the white oil block, and obtain a heat conduction path inertia coefficient according to the density, the specific heat capacity and the heat conduction path length;

[0061] The fifth obtaining unit is configured to obtain a temperature difference according to the ambient temperature and the heat-resistant temperature upper limit, and obtain a first power correction coefficient according to the temperature difference, the thermal conductivity and the heat conduction path inertia coefficient;

[0062] The pre-adjusting unit is configured to obtain a first scanning speed correction coefficient according to the thickness value, and pre-adjust an initial scanning speed and an initial laser power in the initial laser parameter according to the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient respectively, to obtain a pre-adjusted scanning speed and a pre-adjusted laser power.

[0063] The present application also provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the white oil block laser energy adaptation method under different types and thicknesses when executing the computer program.

[0064] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the steps of the white oil block laser energy adaptation method under different types and thicknesses when executed by a processor.

[0065] The application has the beneficial effects that: the application can effectively solve the problems of unstable engraving quality, PCB substrate overheating and deformation caused by heat accumulation in the laser engraving process in the prior art by monitoring and dynamically reducing the risk of heat accumulation in the laser engraving process in real time, and by combining pre-adjustment and real-time correction of laser parameters, accurately adapting laser energy according to the characteristics of different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, so that the engraving process is more precise and efficient, the application can ensure that heat accumulation is effectively controlled in the engraving process by collecting temperature values of multiple regions in real time and establishing a temperature field distribution model, avoid excessive heat concentration in a certain place to cause local overheating, further improve the engraving quality and efficiency by optimizing and adjusting the scanning path, reduce unnecessary heat transfer risk, and based on the engraving effect evaluation index, a precise laser energy adaptation model can be generated for the laser engraving system to adapt to the characteristics of different white oil blocks, ensure the heat distribution balance in the processing process, thereby improving the engraving effect and ensuring the reliability and stability of the PCB substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 The method flowchart of an embodiment of the application.

[0067] Figure 2 The system structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application.

[0068] Figure 3 The internal structure schematic diagram of a computer device of an embodiment of the application.

[0069] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and are not used to limit the application.

[0071] As shown in the drawings, the application provides a laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, which comprises: Figure 1

[0072] S1, obtaining initial laser parameters of a laser engraving system, an initial laser engraving path, and type parameters and thickness parameters of a white oil block, and pre-adjusting the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and thickness parameters to obtain pre-adjusted laser parameters;

[0073] S2, based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters, starting the laser engraving system to collect temperature values of multiple regions on the surface of the white oil block and energy density values of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time, and constructing a real-time temperature field distribution model according to the multiple region temperature values;

[0074] ​S3, obtaining a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and judging whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold value;

[0075] If the heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold value, it is determined that the heat accumulation of the laser action point is serious, and the pre-adjusted laser parameter is modified and adjusted according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient to obtain a modified laser parameter;

[0076] S4, obtaining a scanning path adjustment parameter according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and re-planning an initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameter to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path;

[0077] S5, collecting depth information and gray-scale image information of the white oil block engraving area in real time based on the modified laser parameter and the adjusted laser engraving path, and obtaining an engraving effect evaluation index according to the depth information and the gray-scale image information;

[0078] S6, generating a laser energy adaptation model according to the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the modified laser parameter and the adjusted laser engraving path, so that the laser engraving system adapts laser energy for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to the laser energy adaptation model.

[0079] As described in steps S1-S6 above, the present application obtains the initial laser parameters, the initial laser engraving path, and the type parameters and thickness parameters of the white oil block, and pre-adjusts the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and thickness parameters to obtain the pre-adjusted laser parameters. The initial laser parameters, the engraving path, and the type and thickness of the white oil block are the core elements that affect the engraving quality and accuracy. Different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks have significant differences in terms of laser absorption characteristics, heat conduction performance, etc. Therefore, obtaining these basic parameters is the basis for subsequent precise adjustment and optimization of the engraving effect. By considering the type and thickness of the white oil block, specific basis can be provided for subsequent laser parameter adjustment. Existing methods often only adjust the laser power and scanning speed to adapt to white oil blocks of different thicknesses, ignoring the differences in white oil block types and their specific effects on the engraving process. Different types of white oil blocks have different thermal performance and surface states, and simple power adjustment cannot adapt to all types of white oil blocks. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the initial laser parameters based on the specific type and thickness. By pre-adjusting the laser parameters in advance, problems caused by material differences can be avoided before engraving, reducing repeated adjustments in the trial stage, thereby achieving more accurate engraving results and ensuring stable engraving quality. The intelligent level of the laser engraving system is improved, enabling the system to make personalized adjustments according to the characteristics of different materials, thereby achieving higher processing efficiency and quality. By pre-adjusting the laser parameters, the laser engraving system collects temperature values of multiple regions on the surface of the white oil block and energy density values of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time. By monitoring the temperature and energy density in real time, the actual effect of the laser on the material surface can be reflected, avoiding overheating caused by excessive local temperature. Temperature changes at different positions also help to discover potential heat accumulation areas, providing timely feedback for adjusting laser parameters. Real-time temperature monitoring helps the system to immediately grasp the thermal state of the engraved area, avoiding damage or excessive engraving of the white oil block due to overheating. Real-time monitoring of energy density values can precisely control the uniformity of laser action, ensuring the consistency of the engraving effect. By monitoring the temperature and energy density in real time, the distribution of heat can be more accurately controlled, avoiding quality problems caused by uneven laser energy density. A real-time temperature field distribution model is constructed based on multiple region temperature values. The real-time temperature field distribution model can reflect the thermal changes of the entire engraved area, helping the system to understand the heat accumulation trend and distribution after laser action, and making corresponding adjustments. The real-time generated temperature field distribution model provides data support for subsequent heat accumulation risk judgment, helping to avoid quality decline caused by heat accumulation. The temperature field distribution model can effectively predict the heat propagation trend, thereby avoiding excessive engraving, overheating, or heat transfer to the PCB substrate. The real-time temperature field distribution model can dynamically simulate the changes of heat, improving the processing accuracy and efficiency of heat accumulation problems, and reducing the need for error and repeated debugging.

[0080] The corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient is obtained through the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and it is judged whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold value, if the heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold value, it is determined that the heat accumulation of the laser action point is serious, and the modified laser parameter is obtained by modifying and adjusting the pre-adjusted laser parameter according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, the scanning path adjustment parameter is obtained through the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and the initial laser engraving path is re-planned according to the scanning path adjustment parameter to obtain the adjusted laser engraving path, the heat accumulation risk coefficient can quantitatively evaluate the heat accumulation degree of each laser action point, ensure that the system can identify overheating phenomenon in time and make adjustment, judge whether it exceeds the risk threshold value to provide a clear standard for subsequent processing, through the quantitative heat accumulation risk coefficient, the system can make intelligent decision according to the actual risk situation, avoid damage caused by local overheating, the setting of the risk threshold value helps to avoid excessive adjustment, ensures that the engraving effect is within the acceptable heat range, through the quantitative heat accumulation risk coefficient, the system can make more accurate and reliable decisions, improve the safety and stability of the engraving process, the modified laser parameter and the re-planned engraving path can effectively cope with local heat accumulation, avoid further heat diffusion or concentration, so as to ensure that the engraving effect is not affected, the modified laser parameter helps to balance the heat distribution and reduce local overheating, the re-planned engraving path can avoid the heat accumulation area and ensure that the heat distribution in the engraving process is more uniform, the traditional method usually can only adjust the power or speed after finding the problem, while the present application adjusts the laser parameter and path at the same time, so that the engraving effect is more accurate, and the overheating problem caused by the white oil block and the PCB substrate is avoided, the depth information and the gray scale image information of the white oil block engraving area are collected in real time by modifying the laser parameter and adjusting the laser engraving path, and the engraving effect evaluation index is obtained according to the depth information and the gray scale image information, the depth information and the gray scale image information are important indexes for judging the engraving quality, which can feedback the accuracy and effect of the engraving in real time, combined with the engraving effect evaluation index, it is helpful to optimize the engraving process in real time, the real-time monitoring of the depth and gray information can ensure the engraving accuracy and avoid the problems of uneven engraving depth and image blur, the engraving effect evaluation index can help the system to compare the engraving effect and quickly adjust the engraving parameter, unlike the traditional manual inspection of the engraving effect, the automatic depth and gray information collection can greatly improve the detection accuracy and efficiency, thereby avoiding human error and ensuring the consistency and high quality of the engraving effect, the laser energy adaptation model is generated through the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the modified laser parameter and the adjusted laser engraving path, so that the laser engraving system can adapt the laser energy to different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to the laser energy adaptation model, through the laser energy adaptation model, the parameters of the laser engraving system can be intelligently adjusted to adapt to different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, and the laser parameter mismatching caused by the laser parameter mismatching is avoided, the laser energy adaptation model is adjusted and optimized in real time,The system can adapt to various material types, ensure the stability and efficiency of the engraving effect, the laser energy adaptation model has good adaptability, can quickly respond to the needs of different materials, avoids the trouble of manual repeated adjustment in traditional technology, and the traditional technology usually relies on manual adjustment, while the laser energy adaptation model can automatically adapt to different material types through intelligent adjustment, improves the automation degree and production efficiency of the processing process.

[0081] In one embodiment, the step S1 of pre-adjusting the initial laser parameter according to the type parameter and the thickness parameter to obtain a pre-adjusted laser parameter comprises:

[0082] S11, obtaining the base material type of the white oil block according to the type parameter, and obtaining the corresponding thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature according to the base material type, wherein the base material type includes silica gel-based white oil block, resin-based white oil block and rubber-based white oil block;

[0083] S12, obtaining the laser incidence angle of the laser engraving system;

[0084] S13, obtaining the thickness value of the white oil block according to the thickness parameter, and obtaining the heat conduction path length according to the sine value of the laser incidence angle and the thickness value;

[0085] S14, obtaining the density, specific heat capacity and environmental temperature of the white oil block, and obtaining the heat conduction path inertia coefficient according to the product of the density, specific heat capacity and heat conduction path length;

[0086] S15, obtaining the temperature difference according to the environmental temperature and the upper limit of heat resistance temperature, and obtaining the first power correction coefficient according to the product of the temperature difference and the thermal conductivity divided by the heat conduction path inertia coefficient;

[0087] S16, obtaining the first scanning speed correction coefficient according to the thickness value, and pre-adjusting the initial scanning speed and the initial laser power in the initial laser parameter according to the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient respectively to obtain the pre-adjusted scanning speed and the pre-adjusted laser power.

[0088] As described in steps S11-S16, the calculation of the heat conduction path length, the heat conduction path inertia coefficient and the first power correction coefficient are all normalized with respect to corresponding output current parameters and preliminary adjustment parameters, etc. to eliminate the dimensional differences between different variables, the purpose of which is to ensure that all variables are on the same order of magnitude, thereby making the calculation more stable and effective. The heat conduction path inertia coefficient represents the heat inertia parameter of the white oil block per unit area along the heat conduction path, which essentially reflects the ability of the white oil block to store heat and hinder heat conduction during laser engraving (or the total heat storage potential of the white oil block per unit area when the laser heat is transmitted along the conduction path). The larger the heat conduction path inertia coefficient, the stronger the ability of the white oil block to store heat during conduction, and the more difficult it is for heat to spread quickly (easy to accumulate). Conversely, heat is easy to conduct and spread (not easy to accumulate). The heat conduction path length represents the actual path length of laser heat conduction from the surface to the interior of the white oil block. The thicker the thickness and the more inclined the laser incidence angle, the longer the heat conduction path, and the easier it is for heat to accumulate on the surface. The present application obtains the base material type of the white oil block through the type parameter, and obtains the corresponding thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature according to the base material type. The base material type includes silica gel-based white oil block, resin-based white oil block and rubber-based white oil block. By clearly obtaining the base material type of the white oil block, the heat performance (thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature) of each material can be adjusted according to the different heat performance (thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature) of each material. This ensures that the heat management during laser engraving can be accurately controlled, avoiding problems such as heat accumulation, overheating and deformation of different substrates during laser engraving. The present application often ignores the difference in base material type, resulting in inaccurate adjustment of laser power and scanning speed, affecting the engraving effect and quality. By obtaining the laser incidence angle of the laser engraving system, the laser incidence angle has a direct impact on the heat conduction path length. By precisely controlling the incidence angle of the laser, the distribution and conduction of heat can be optimized to avoid local overheating and improve the uniformity of heat treatment, avoiding the impact of local overheating on the white oil block and the PCB substrate. Compared with the prior art, this angle consideration can effectively avoid the risk of excessive heat accumulation caused by excessive laser power. The thickness parameter is used to obtain the thickness value of the white oil block, and the heat conduction path length is obtained according to the sine value of the thickness value and the laser incidence angle. The thickness of the white oil block directly affects the path length of heat conduction. By accurately measuring the thickness value and combining the sine value of the incidence angle to calculate the heat conduction path length, the actual distance of heat conduction can be accurately calculated, thereby optimizing the adjustment of laser power and scanning speed to ensure more uniform heat distribution during engraving and reduce the risk of heat accumulation. The present application usually does not consider this factor, resulting in inaccurate heat control and affecting the engraving quality. The density, specific heat capacity and ambient temperature of the white oil block are obtained, and the heat conduction path inertia coefficient is obtained according to the product of the density, specific heat capacity and heat conduction path length. The density and specific heat capacity of the white oil block reflect the heat storage capacity of the material.The heat conduction path inertia coefficient can reflect the conduction speed and efficiency of heat in the white oil block, and through accurate calculation of the inertia coefficient, the speed of heat accumulation can be more accurately predicted and controlled, so that the heat control in the laser engraving process can be better adjusted, the precision of heat management can be greatly improved, quality problems caused by excessive heat accumulation can be avoided, the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature of the material is obtained, the temperature difference is directly related to the heat exchange rate between the white oil block and the surrounding environment, and whether the material will be deformed or damaged due to excessive heat can be reflected, the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature of the material is calculated, and more accurate reference for heat regulation in the laser engraving process can be provided, so that the stability of the white oil block in the engraving process is ensured, and the prior art often only depends on fixed working conditions and ignores the change of environmental factors, so that the prior art is not flexible enough and is prone to unnecessary damage, and the first power correction coefficient is obtained according to the product of the temperature difference and the thermal conductivity coefficient divided by the heat conduction path inertia coefficient, the power correction coefficient is calculated, the laser power can be dynamically adjusted according to different working conditions and material characteristics, so that more accurate heat control can be realized, the prior art is usually static in laser power regulation and cannot respond quickly to changes in different environments and materials, the problems caused by inaccurate power regulation in the laser engraving process can be effectively solved, the first scanning speed correction coefficient is obtained through the thickness value, and the initial scanning speed and the initial laser power in the initial laser parameters are pre-adjusted according to the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient respectively to obtain a pre-adjusted scanning speed and a pre-adjusted laser power, the scanning speed directly affects the heat accumulation speed in the heat conduction process, the greater the thickness, the faster the heat accumulation, so the scanning speed correction coefficient can be adjusted to effectively control the speed of heat conduction and prevent excessive heat accumulation, the scanning speed can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual thickness of the white oil block to avoid the problems of excessive heating or too fast heat transfer, the laser parameters are pre-adjusted, the best settings of the laser power and the scanning speed can be ensured before the engraving starts, so that frequent adjustment during the engraving process can be avoided, the load of the laser system is reduced, and the engraving efficiency and quality are improved, the prior art often needs repeated tests and adjustments, which wastes time and resources, and the present application provides more accurate initial parameter settings to improve the overall work efficiency, the present application avoids the problems of white oil block deformation, poor engraving effect and the like caused by excessive heat accumulation through accurate heat conduction control, not only improves the stability and precision of the engraving process, but also effectively improves the production efficiency and reduces the damage to the equipment and materials.

[0089] In one embodiment, the step S2 of constructing a real-time temperature field distribution model according to a plurality of region temperature values comprises:

[0090] S21, the surface of the white oil block is equally divided into a plurality of grid units, and a corresponding temperature collection point is arranged in each grid unit.

[0091] S22, acquiring a first real-time temperature value of each temperature collection point by an infrared thermal imager;

[0092] S23, acquiring first coordinate information of each temperature collection point and second coordinate information of each non-temperature collection point, and acquiring a corresponding Euclidean distance of each of the first coordinate information and the second coordinate information;

[0093] S24, calculating a second real-time temperature value of each non-temperature collection point in a corresponding grid unit by using an inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm according to the first real-time temperature value and the Euclidean distance of all temperature collection points in each grid unit, wherein a calculation formula is:

[0094]

[0095] wherein D(WD2) represents the second real-time temperature value, D(WD1) n represents the nth first real-time temperature value, O(JL) n represents the nth Euclidean distance, n represents a serial number of the temperature collection point, and N represents a quantity of the temperature collection points;

[0096] S25, constructing a real-time temperature field distribution model according to the coordinate information, the first real-time temperature value and the second real-time temperature value of each temperature collection point, and supplementing temperature field data at different time instants by time series interpolation.

[0097] ​As described in the above steps S21-S25, the calculation formula of the second real-time temperature value is normalized to the corresponding output current and preliminary adjustment parameters, etc. to eliminate the dimensional difference between different variables, which aims to ensure that all variables are on the same order of magnitude, so that the calculation is more stable and effective. The regional temperature value of each grid cell includes the first real-time temperature value of multiple temperature collection points and the second real-time temperature value of non-temperature collection points. The present application can accurately estimate the temperature of all regions on the surface of the white oil block (including regions not directly collected) by inverse distance weighted interpolation using limited temperature data of collection points, thereby constructing a continuous and complete real-time temperature field distribution model, providing comprehensive temperature data support for subsequent judgment of heat accumulation risk and adjustment of laser parameters. The above formula represents that the second real-time temperature value of any non-temperature collection point is equal to the sum of the product of the first real-time temperature value of all temperature collection points around it in the same grid cell and the corresponding weight, divided by the sum of all weights, where the weight is the Euclidean distance. The present application divides the surface of the white oil block into multiple grid cells and sets corresponding temperature collection points in each grid cell. By dividing the surface of the white oil block into multiple grid cells, the surface temperature of the white oil block can be monitored more finely and locally. The prior art usually only monitors the temperature in a local area or on the entire surface, making it difficult to obtain fine temperature changes in the local area. The present application can obtain real-time temperature data for each region by grid processing, providing a more accurate data basis for the subsequent temperature field distribution model and avoiding overheating and deformation problems caused by local heat accumulation. Setting temperature collection points for each grid cell helps to more uniformly and accurately monitor temperature changes in each region. This fine design can capture more temperature change details, especially in the local high-temperature area generated during laser engraving. In traditional technology, temperature sensors are usually only set at a few points, and the temperature data collected may not be comprehensive enough to reflect the heat distribution of the entire processing area. The present application can obtain higher resolution and more comprehensive temperature data by increasing the number of temperature collection points and combining the grid design, thereby more effectively avoiding local heat accumulation problems. The first real-time temperature value of each temperature collection point is collected by an infrared thermal imager. The first coordinate information of each temperature collection point and the second coordinate information of each non-temperature collection point are obtained, and the corresponding Euclidean distance is obtained from each first coordinate information and second coordinate information. The second real-time temperature value of each non-temperature collection point in the corresponding grid cell is calculated by inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm using the first real-time temperature value of all temperature collection points in each grid cell and the Euclidean distance. By obtaining the coordinate information of the temperature collection points and non-temperature collection points, the temperature data can be associated with the spatial position, thereby providing necessary spatial information for the subsequent interpolation algorithm, so that the temperature data not only has a time dimension, but also has a spatial dimension. In the prior art,The temperature data can be separated from the spatial position, and it is difficult to accurately represent the spatial distribution of the temperature field. By acquiring the coordinate information, the spatial distribution of the temperature field can be more accurately drawn, and the problem that the temperature data can not match the physical position in the prior art is solved. The inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm can weight according to the Euclidean distance between different temperature collection points, and obtain more smooth and accurate temperature interpolation results. The closer the collection points, the greater the influence on the interpolation results, so that the local change of the temperature can be better reflected. However, in the prior art, the spatial distance factor can not be fully considered in the temperature interpolation algorithm, so that the accuracy of the temperature prediction result is low. However, by adopting the Euclidean distance and inverse distance weighted algorithm, the influence of each collection point on the surrounding points can be accurately weighted, so that the prediction accuracy of the temperature field distribution is improved, and the problem of excessive local heat accumulation is avoided. The real-time temperature field distribution model is constructed according to the coordinate information, the first real-time temperature value and the second real-time temperature value of each temperature collection point, and the temperature field data at different time points is supplemented by time series interpolation. By constructing the real-time temperature field distribution model, the heat conduction process of the white oil block surface and the PCB substrate can be more accurately described. The real-time temperature field distribution model can not only be updated in real time, but also provide a basis for subsequent temperature control design and optimization. Traditional methods can usually only provide local or average temperature data, and it is difficult to form a global temperature field model. However, by constructing the temperature field distribution model in real time, the temperature change in the laser engraving process can be dynamically reflected, and more accurate feedback data can be provided for the heat control system. The risk of overheating, deformation and performance reduction is reduced. The time series interpolation technology can supplement the missing data between different time points to form a continuous temperature change curve, so as to accurately predict the temperature change trend and find potential temperature control problems in advance. In the traditional technology, due to the limitation of time interval and collection frequency, accurate temperature data can not be obtained between different time points. However, by using the time series interpolation technology, the temperature data at each time point can be supplemented, so that the temperature field model is more complete, and more accurate basis is provided for real-time temperature control. The stability and reliability of the laser engraving process are ensured. By combining the grid division, temperature collection point setting, infrared thermal imager technology, Euclidean distance weighted interpolation and time series interpolation and other innovative methods, more accurate and comprehensive temperature field distribution monitoring and optimization are realized. Compared with the prior art, the heat accumulation problem in the laser engraving process can be effectively solved, and the overheating, deformation and other adverse consequences can be avoided. At the same time, the engraving effect and the reliability of the circuit substrate are improved.

[0098] In one embodiment, the step S3 of obtaining a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value comprises:

[0099] S31, obtaining the base material type of the white oil block, and obtaining an energy tolerance threshold according to the base material type;

[0100] S32, obtaining a corresponding energy overproof coefficient according to a ratio of each of the energy density values and the energy tolerance threshold;

[0101] S33, obtaining position information of a corresponding laser action point according to each of the energy density values, and determining a corresponding area position according to each of the position information;

[0102] S34, inputting each of the area positions into a real-time temperature field distribution model to obtain a corresponding area temperature value, and obtaining a corresponding temperature risk coefficient according to a ratio of each of the area temperature values and the energy tolerance threshold;

[0103] S35, obtaining a total surface area of the white oil block;

[0104] S36, obtaining a corresponding area according to the area position, and obtaining a corresponding area proportion coefficient according to a ratio of each of the area and the total surface area;

[0105] S37, obtaining a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to a product of each of the area proportion coefficient, the temperature risk coefficient and the energy overproof coefficient.

[0106] As described in steps S31-S37 above, the substrate types include silicone-based white oil blocks, resin-based white oil blocks, and rubber-based white oil blocks. The silicone-based white oil blocks, resin-based white oil blocks, and rubber-based white oil blocks each have different energy tolerance thresholds. For example, the energy tolerance threshold for silicone-based white oil blocks is 5 J / cm², for resin-based white oil blocks it is 3.5 J / cm², and for rubber-based white oil blocks it is 4 J / cm². Based on the location information, the specific location of the laser application point can be determined. The location is determined by dividing the surface of the white oil block into multiple grid units, each corresponding to a different location. After determining the grid units, their coordinate information is input to the real-time temperature... In the temperature field distribution model, the corresponding regional temperature value can be obtained. This invention obtains the substrate type of the white oil block and the energy tolerance threshold based on the substrate type. By first identifying the substrate type of the white oil block and obtaining the energy tolerance threshold of that substrate, it is possible to ensure that the laser energy applied is within the tolerance range of the material. Different substrates have different energy tolerance limits. If the special properties of the substrate are not considered, laser treatment may cause the substrate to overheat or be damaged. This invention provides basic data for subsequent laser energy control by accurately determining the energy tolerance threshold of the substrate. The corresponding energy exceedance coefficient is obtained by the ratio of each energy density value to the energy tolerance threshold. By calculating the ratio of the energy density value to the energy tolerance threshold, the laser's effect on each region can be quantified. The energy applied to the area is assessed to determine if it exceeds the area's energy tolerance range. The energy exceedance coefficient provides a quantitative standard for subsequent risk prediction, effectively preventing excessive heat accumulation that could lead to material overheating and deformation. Compared to the simple adjustment methods of existing technologies, this meticulous energy control method can more precisely control the safety of laser action and reduce unnecessary heat accumulation. By obtaining the location information of the corresponding laser action point for each energy density value, and determining the corresponding area location based on each location information, the location information of the laser action point can be accurately tracked, thus revealing the heat distribution on the surface of the white oil block. This is crucial for subsequent temperature field modeling, ensuring that the heat distribution at each location can be accurately determined. Unlike existing technologies that do not consider laser heat distribution, this step effectively predicts the temperature of the laser processing area. By precisely locating the heat distribution region, the heat generated during laser processing is controlled more evenly. Determining the location of the corresponding region based on the laser's point of action helps to accurately divide different processing areas during temperature field modeling. This allows for precise calculation of temperature changes in each area, ensuring zoned management of the laser processing area. This effectively avoids localized overheating or heat accumulation, improving the precision of thermal management. By inputting the location of each area into the real-time temperature field distribution model, the corresponding temperature value is obtained. Through this real-time temperature field distribution model, temperature changes in each area can be predicted and controlled in real time during laser processing.Compared with the prior art which usually only relies on rough control of laser parameters, the present application can more accurately monitor the thermal influence of the laser on the material surface by calculating the temperature change of the region, thereby avoiding adverse effects of the material due to overheating, and obtaining a corresponding temperature risk coefficient according to the ratio of the temperature value of each region to the energy tolerance threshold. The calculation of the temperature risk coefficient can provide a quantitative risk assessment of the heat accumulation situation of different regions. If the temperature value of the region exceeds the energy tolerance threshold of the substrate, the temperature risk coefficient will increase, indicating that overheating problem may occur in the region. Compared with traditional empirical adjustment, it has higher accuracy and can avoid thermal damage in real-time production, improving the safety of the entire processing process. By obtaining the total surface area of the white oil block, obtaining the corresponding area of the region through the region position, and obtaining the corresponding area ratio coefficient according to the ratio of each area to the total surface area, the total surface area of the white oil block is obtained as the basic data for overall heat distribution and regional allocation calculation. The ratio of the area of the region to the total surface area reflects the distribution ratio of heat in different regions. The area ratio coefficient provides a more detailed regional division for temperature risk and energy exceeding conditions, which helps to take different control measures for different regions during laser engraving, thereby avoiding damage to the overall engraving effect caused by overheating in local regions. The product of each area ratio coefficient, temperature risk coefficient and energy exceeding coefficient is obtained to obtain a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient. By multiplying multiple risk coefficients (area ratio coefficient, temperature risk coefficient and energy exceeding coefficient), a comprehensive heat accumulation risk coefficient is obtained, which can comprehensively evaluate the risk of heat accumulation. This comprehensive method is more comprehensive and accurate than single control means, and can dynamically adjust the processing strategy during laser engraving, thereby avoiding local overheating and material deformation and ensuring the engraving effect and substrate safety. The present application can accurately obtain the substrate type, heat density, laser action position, region area and other parameters of the white oil block, and combine with the real-time temperature field distribution model to realize more refined temperature control management, avoid material deformation, overheating and performance degradation caused by heat accumulation, and provide a more accurate and efficient heat management scheme compared with the rough adjustment method in the prior art, thereby improving the engraving effect and reliability of the substrate.

[0107] In one embodiment, the step S3 of modifying and adjusting the pre-adjusted laser parameters according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient to obtain modified laser parameters comprises:

[0108] S38, obtaining a preset risk threshold and a heat accumulation risk coefficient, and obtaining a risk coefficient difference according to the preset risk threshold and the heat accumulation risk coefficient;

[0109] S39, obtaining a linkage coefficient of laser power and scanning speed in the laser engraving system, and obtaining a second scanning speed correction coefficient and a second power correction coefficient according to the linkage coefficient and the risk coefficient difference.

[0110] S310, acquire a pre-adjustment scanning speed and a pre-adjustment laser power of the pre-adjustment laser parameter, and acquire a laser power adjustment amount according to the pre-adjustment laser power and a second power correction coefficient;

[0111] S311, acquire a scanning speed adjustment amount according to the pre-adjustment scanning speed and a second scanning speed correction coefficient, and correct and adjust the pre-adjustment scanning speed and the pre-adjustment laser power in the pre-adjustment laser parameter according to the scanning speed adjustment amount and the laser power adjustment amount, to obtain a corrected scanning speed and a corrected laser power.

[0112] As described in steps S38-S311 above, the present application obtains a preset risk threshold and a heat accumulation risk coefficient, and obtains a risk coefficient difference based on the preset risk threshold and the heat accumulation risk coefficient. By setting the preset risk threshold and the heat accumulation risk coefficient, the present application can fundamentally quantify and control the heat accumulation in the laser engraving process. The risk coefficient difference can accurately assess the gap between the current heat accumulation risk and the preset standard. In the prior art, there is usually a lack of systematic risk assessment mechanism. Through the calculation of the risk coefficient difference, specific data support can be provided for subsequent adjustment. This quantitative difference can effectively guide the adjustment of laser power and scanning speed, thereby accurately controlling heat accumulation and avoiding thermal damage to the PCB substrate. By obtaining a linkage coefficient of laser power and scanning speed in the laser engraving system, and obtaining a second scanning speed correction coefficient and a second power correction coefficient based on the linkage coefficient and the risk coefficient difference, the linkage relationship between laser power and scanning speed is the core of laser engraving technology. The present application accurately describes the mutual relationship between power and scanning speed change by obtaining the linkage coefficient. In the prior art, the linkage effect of the two is usually ignored or statically set. The linkage coefficient of the present application can dynamically adjust the laser power and scanning speed in the engraving process in real time, thereby improving the processing efficiency and accuracy and avoiding excessive heating or local heat accumulation. By dynamically adjusting the second scanning speed correction coefficient and the second power correction coefficient based on the linkage coefficient and the risk coefficient difference, the present application can dynamically adjust the laser parameters in actual operation, reduce the instability caused by heat accumulation, and compared to the fixed setting of traditional technology, the present application introduces an adaptive correction mechanism, making the engraving process more flexible and accurate, especially when dealing with different materials or different processing scenarios, it can intelligently adjust to ensure the consistency and stability of the engraving effect. By obtaining a pre-adjustment scanning speed and a pre-adjustment laser power of the pre-adjustment laser parameter, and obtaining a laser power adjustment amount based on the pre-adjustment laser power and the second power correction coefficient, and obtaining a scanning speed adjustment amount based on the pre-adjustment scanning speed and the second scanning speed correction coefficient, the calculation of the laser power adjustment amount combines the pre-adjustment parameter and the correction coefficient, ensuring that the laser power is always within a suitable range, avoiding heat accumulation caused by excessive power. In the prior art, the power is usually set based on experience and rough adjustment, lacking real-time feedback mechanism. The present application can automatically and accurately adjust the power to improve the stability of the engraving quality and avoid damage to the PCB substrate caused by excessive or insufficient power. Through the calculation of the scanning speed adjustment amount, the speed and power of the laser scanning are adjusted in coordination. In the prior art, the scanning speed is usually set based on experience, which may lead to excessive heat accumulation. Through the intelligent adjustment in the present application, not only is the dependence on a single factor avoided, but the scanning speed can also be effectively controlled to reduce the accumulation of heat in local areas and ensure the engraving quality.And according to the scanning speed adjustment amount and the laser power adjustment amount, the pre-adjusted scanning speed and the pre-adjusted laser power in the pre-adjusted laser parameter are corrected and adjusted to obtain a corrected scanning speed and a corrected laser power. According to the adjustment amount of the scanning speed and the laser power, the preset parameter is accurately corrected, so as to obtain the corrected scanning speed and the corrected laser power. This adjustment ensures the whole process optimization of the carving process, avoids the negative influence of local heat accumulation, and compared with the simple fixed parameter adjustment in the prior art, the adjustment mechanism of the present application is more flexible and accurate, can be optimized according to real-time feedback, reduces the material damage and substrate deformation caused by overheating, improves the production efficiency and processing quality, the present application comprehensively controls the laser power, scanning speed, heat accumulation and other factors, and introduces linkage coefficient and correction coefficient, so as to realize automatic and accurate parameter adjustment, significantly improve the quality, efficiency and safety of laser engraving, compared with the prior art, the present application not only solves the problems of white oil block and PCB substrate deformation caused by heat accumulation, but also improves the adaptability and accuracy of processing, reduces the risk in the production process, and improves the reliability of the whole system.

[0113] In one embodiment, the step S4 of obtaining the scanning path adjustment parameter according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient and re-planning the initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameter to obtain the adjusted laser engraving path, comprises:

[0114] S41, the thermal conductivity, thickness value and heat-resistant temperature upper limit of the white oil block are obtained, and the scanning interval is obtained according to the thickness value and the heat accumulation risk coefficient;

[0115] S42, the position information and temperature information of the corresponding laser action point are obtained according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and the temperature gradient vector of the laser action point is obtained according to the temperature information and the position information;

[0116] S43, the temperature gradient direction angle is obtained according to the temperature gradient vector, and the scanning direction angle is obtained according to the temperature gradient direction angle and the heat accumulation risk coefficient;

[0117] S44, the temperature coefficient ratio is obtained according to the temperature information and the heat-resistant temperature upper limit, and the hot spot avoidance distance is obtained according to the thermal conductivity and the temperature coefficient ratio;

[0118] S45, the new scanning line direction is determined according to the scanning direction angle, and the new scanning line interval is arranged according to the scanning interval;

[0119] S46, the new jump path between regions is planned according to the hot spot avoidance distance, and the initial laser engraving path is re-planned according to the new jump path, the new scanning line direction and the new scanning line interval to obtain the adjusted laser engraving path.

[0120] As described in steps S41-S46, the calculation of the hotspot avoidance distance normalizes the corresponding output current and preliminary adjustment parameters, etc., to eliminate the dimensional differences between different variables, ensuring that all variables are on the same order of magnitude, thereby making the calculation more stable and effective. The hotspot avoidance distance refers to the minimum distance that the laser needs to maintain when jumping from the current carving area to the next area to avoid passing through high-risk hotspot areas. The scanning direction angle refers to the angle between the scanning line and the positive direction of the x-axis, which controls the extension direction of the scanning line to reduce heat accumulation in a single direction. The scanning pitch refers to the vertical distance between adjacent scanning lines, which controls the number of laser actions per unit area, with higher risk requiring a larger pitch to disperse heat. The planning method specifically involves adjusting the jump path based on the hotspot avoidance distance, dividing safe carving areas based on the hotspot avoidance distance, removing high-risk areas, and planning the initial laser carving path based on the continuous coverage principle, which may include areas with high heat accumulation risk. Therefore, safe areas need to be selected based on the hotspot avoidance distance, high-risk hotspot areas are marked based on the real-time temperature field distribution model, the shortest distance between all carving points in the initial path and the hotspot area is calculated, and if the distance between a carving point and the hotspot area is less than the hotspot avoidance distance, the point is removed from the initial path (or marked as a temporary non-carving area). The remaining area is the safe carving area, which serves as the basis for path re-planning (ensuring that the laser action area is outside the hotspot avoidance distance of the hotspot area to avoid heat conduction superposition). The scanning direction of the initial path is usually fixed (e.g., along the X-axis), which can lead to heat accumulation along the scanning direction. Therefore, the scanning line direction needs to be adjusted based on the scanning direction angle, and for each safe carving area, the extension direction of the scanning line is determined based on the scanning direction angle to ensure that the scanning direction is oblique to the temperature gradient direction. The scanning pitch of the initial path is usually fixed and cannot adapt to the heat bearing capacity of different risk areas. Therefore, the scanning pitch needs to be dynamically adjusted, and the scanning lines need to be arranged to cover the entire safe carving area without overlapping adjacent scanning lines (the scanning line length is truncated based on the region contour at the edge). The present application obtains the thermal conductivity, thickness value, and upper limit of the heat-resistant temperature of the white oil block, and obtains the scanning pitch based on the thickness value and the heat accumulation risk coefficient. The thickness value and the heat accumulation risk coefficient are closely related, and by combining these two factors, the scanning pitch can be accurately adjusted. Thinner areas have lower heat accumulation risk, so smaller scanning pitches can be used to improve processing efficiency, while thicker areas may require larger scanning pitches to avoid excessive heating. The present application optimizes the scanning pitch based on the quantification of heat accumulation risk to avoid overheating or unsatisfactory carving results, improving the precision of heat management and carving effect. The heat accumulation risk coefficient is used to obtain the position information and temperature information of the corresponding laser action point, and the temperature gradient vector of the laser action point is obtained based on the temperature information and position information.By using a thermal accumulation risk coefficient to pinpoint the precise location of the laser's point of impact, the laser engraving process becomes more efficient and targeted. The positioning of the laser point no longer relies on simple rules but is dynamically adjusted based on actual thermal accumulation risks. Obtaining temperature information helps to adjust the laser engraving process in real time, avoiding localized overheating and reducing thermal damage. This information allows for more precise control of heat distribution, thereby ensuring both engraving quality and material safety. Traditional techniques typically cannot monitor the temperature of the laser's point of impact in real time or can only use localized temperature sensors. This invention, guided by a thermal accumulation risk coefficient, makes the laser point of impact more accurate, avoiding the overheating risks of traditional methods. The temperature gradient reflects the changes in heat within the engraving area, and through calculation... A temperature gradient vector provides a clearer picture of the direction and speed of heat propagation, allowing for precise adjustment of the laser's action. Utilizing temperature gradients can prevent overheating of localized areas, avoid concentrated heat buildup, and reduce the risk of thermal damage. Unlike existing technologies that simply control laser power to prevent heat accumulation, the introduction of a temperature gradient vector refines the heat distribution, making thermal management more precise and better controlling heat diffusion, thus avoiding uneven heating. The temperature gradient vector is used to obtain the temperature gradient direction angle, and based on this angle and a heat accumulation risk coefficient, the scanning direction angle is determined. This temperature gradient direction angle then determines the direction of heat propagation, effectively controlling the laser's scanning path to minimize the possibility of heat accumulation. By clearly defining the direction of heat propagation, the laser engraving path can be optimized based on the heat propagation trend, thereby avoiding prolonged laser action on the same area and reducing the risk of overheating. Compared to traditional fixed scanning paths or experience-based path adjustments, this invention can dynamically plan the scanning path based on real-time temperature information, significantly improving processing accuracy and heat management efficiency. By dynamically adjusting the scanning direction through the temperature gradient direction angle and the heat accumulation risk coefficient, it ensures that heat does not concentrate in one point or area for a long time, avoiding problems such as overheating and damage of white oil blocks caused by heat accumulation. In contrast, the scanning direction in traditional technologies is often fixed and fails to fully consider the influence of heat accumulation and temperature gradient. This invention can dynamically adjust the scanning direction to ensure more precise laser engraving. Furthermore, it is highly efficient. By obtaining the temperature coefficient ratio from temperature information and the upper limit of heat resistance temperature, and calculating the hotspot avoidance distance based on thermal conductivity and the temperature coefficient ratio, the laser's working state can be adjusted according to the material's heat resistance characteristics and the actual processing temperature. This prevents overheating from affecting the material itself or downstream components. The combination of the upper limit of heat resistance temperature and the temperature coefficient ratio allows for a more scientific determination of the temperature control range, avoiding material damage caused by excessively high temperatures. More precise control of the processing temperature through the temperature coefficient ratio not only improves processing quality but also significantly enhances the system's safety and reliability. Calculating the hotspot avoidance distance using thermal conductivity and the temperature coefficient ratio allows for better control of heat distribution, preventing irreversible damage caused by heat concentration in small areas.The white oil block overheating caused by heat concentration can be effectively prevented, thereby improving the carving precision and service life of the material, the existing technology usually adopts a fixed avoidance strategy, but the avoidance distance obtained by calculation can be more accurately adjusted, thereby greatly improving the rationality of the carving path, reducing unnecessary heat damage, the direction of the new scanning line is determined according to the scanning direction angle, and the spacing of the new scanning line is arranged according to the scanning spacing, the new jump path between regions is planned according to the heat avoidance distance, and the initial laser carving path is re-planned according to the new jump path, the new scanning line direction and the new scanning line spacing, so as to obtain the adjusted laser carving path, according to the dynamic adjustment of the scanning direction angle and the scanning spacing, the laser carving path can be more flexible and accurate, and the occurrence of overheating or carving error is avoided, through the reasonable arrangement of the new scanning line spacing, the processing efficiency can be improved, the processing time is reduced, and the carving quality is ensured, compared with the traditional fixed path carving technology, the present application can be adjusted in real time according to the processing condition, so that the carving process is more efficient, accurate and avoids material damage, the re-planned jump path can effectively avoid heat accumulation and unnecessary heat damage, through reasonable adjustment of the jump path, the heat distribution in the processing process can be more accurately controlled, through the re-planning of the path, more efficient and accurate carving on different regions and materials can be realized, and the quality of the product is further improved, the path planning in the traditional technology is usually fixed, and lacks dynamic adjustment of heat accumulation and material characteristics, the present application can be flexibly adjusted based on real-time data, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency and precision.

[0121] In one embodiment, the step S5 of obtaining the carving effect evaluation index according to the depth information and the gray image information comprises:

[0122] S51, obtaining the actual depth of the white oil block carving area and the preset standard depth according to the depth information, and calculating the notch depth deviation rate according to the difference between the actual depth and the preset standard depth and the preset standard depth;

[0123] S52, obtaining the standard carving edge straight line of the white oil block carving area, and obtaining the standard edge length according to the standard carving edge straight line;

[0124] S53, extracting the edge contour line from the gray image information, and extracting a plurality of sample point coordinates on the edge contour line;

[0125] S54, obtaining the perpendicular distance from each sample point coordinate to the standard carving edge straight line, and obtaining the average deviation distance according to a plurality of the perpendicular distances;

[0126] S55. Obtain the edge flatness deviation rate based on the ratio of the average deviation distance to the standard edge length, and calculate the carving effect evaluation index by weighted summation based on the edge flatness deviation rate and the scratch depth deviation rate.

[0127] As described in steps S51-S55, the present application obtains the actual depth of the white oil block carving area and the preset standard depth through the depth information, the actual depth of the white oil block carving area is obtained to ensure the accuracy of the carving process, by comparing with the preset standard depth, the depth error can be found, and necessary adjustment can be made to avoid excessive carving or shallow carving phenomenon in the carving process, in the prior art, the laser power and scanning speed are often adjusted to control the carving depth, but there is no direct depth information acquisition mechanism, this depth information acquisition method has higher precision, can accurately evaluate the actual depth of the carving and the difference between the standard depth, the present application can quantify the deviation of the carving effect, find the depth problem in time, effectively avoid the carving quality problem caused by inaccurate depth control, improve the consistency and precision of the carved product, and calculate the notch depth deviation rate according to the difference between the actual depth and the preset standard depth divided by the preset standard depth, the deviation rate is calculated to quantitatively describe the error degree of the carving depth, which provides a clear basis for subsequent adjustment, in the prior art, it may only rely on experience adjustment, while the present application quantifies the deviation rate, which is more scientific and accurate to measure the quality of the carving, so that the accuracy of the carving process can be quickly evaluated, the carving can meet the predetermined standard, thereby reducing the error of manual judgment and improving the reliability of the carving process, by obtaining the standard carving edge straight line of the white oil block carving area, and obtaining the standard edge length according to the standard carving edge straight line, the standard carving edge straight line is used as a reference line to provide a reference basis for subsequent edge flatness and deviation measurement, the prior art may only focus on depth adjustment, ignoring the accuracy of the edge form, while the present application provides an accurate reference for the evaluation of the edge form by the standard edge line, which can ensure the consistency of the edge structure of the carving area, which helps to improve the overall effect of the carving and avoid irregular edge form, the standard edge length provides a necessary reference for subsequent calculation of the edge flatness deviation rate, which can clearly indicate the actual length of the edge and provide a quantitative standard for the flatness of the edge, by obtaining the standard edge length, the form of the carved edge can be quantified, which helps to improve the standardization of the edge in the carving process and avoid defects caused by deviation, by extracting the edge contour line from the grayscale image information and extracting a plurality of sample point coordinates on the edge contour line, by obtaining the vertical distance from each sample point coordinate to the standard carving edge straight line, and obtaining the average deviation distance according to a plurality of vertical distances, the edge contour line can be accurately captured by grayscale image analysis, which provides data support for subsequent deviation analysis, by uniformly sampling on the edge contour line, more detailed edge information can be obtained, so that more accurate flatness analysis can be realized, the introduction of a plurality of sampling points improves the accuracy of edge evaluation, which can capture more subtle edge form changes, thereby providing more accurate flatness analysis results, the deviation of the sampling point from the standard edge is measured by the vertical distance, which provides a numerical basis for subsequent calculation of the edge flatness,Thus, the deviation of each sampling point from the standard edge can be quantified, the deviation evaluation of the edge morphology is more accurate, manual estimation is avoided, the overall flatness of the edge can be more comprehensively and objectively evaluated by calculating the average value of multiple vertical distances, the edge flatness of the entire carving area can be comprehensively evaluated by the average deviation distance, thereby improving the consistency and stability of the carving quality, the edge flatness deviation rate is obtained by the ratio of the average deviation distance and the standard edge length, and the carving effect evaluation index is obtained by weighted summation calculation according to the edge flatness deviation rate and the engraving depth deviation rate, through the calculation of the edge flatness deviation rate, the edge flatness deviation in the carving process can be intuitively displayed, thereby guiding subsequent optimization, the present application provides quantitative evaluation of edge flatness, provides accurate reference for subsequent quality control of carving, avoids adverse effects caused by irregular edges, the carving effect evaluation index is obtained by weighted summation calculation, the errors of depth and edge can be considered comprehensively, thereby obtaining a comprehensive and accurate carving quality score, the prior art often only focuses on a single parameter of the carving depth or the edge, and the present application considers the deviations of both by comprehensively considering the deviations of both, so that the evaluation is more comprehensive, through comprehensive evaluation, the deviation caused by a single index is avoided, the carving effect can be more comprehensively reflected, timely adjustment in production is helped, and the overall machining quality is improved, the present application can provide efficient and accurate carving quality control, avoid the heat deformation problem caused by heat accumulation in the laser carving process in the prior art, and effectively improve the stability and precision of the carving depth, edge flatness and the like, thereby improving the machining effect and reliability of the white oil block and the PCB substrate.

[0128] In one embodiment, the step S6 of generating a laser energy adaptation model according to the carving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the corrected laser parameter and the adjusted laser carving path comprises:

[0129] S61, obtaining a highest temperature value according to the real-time temperature field distribution model, and obtaining a scanning path parameter according to the adjusted laser carving path;

[0130] S62, obtaining a plurality of groups of carving data of the white oil block under different types and thicknesses, and dividing the plurality of groups of carving data into a training set and a verification set, wherein the carving data comprises a carving effect evaluation index, a highest temperature value, a corrected laser parameter and a scanning path parameter;

[0131] S63, constructing an initial adaptation model by using a random forest algorithm, inputting the training set into the initial adaptation model for training, and optimizing the hyperparameters of the model by a grid search method to obtain a preliminary adaptation model;

[0132] S64, inputting the verification set data into the initial adaptation model for verification to obtain a model output result, and judging whether the model output result is within a preset threshold interval.

[0133] If the model output result is not within the preset threshold interval, return to the step of inputting the training set into the initial adaptive model for training and optimizing the hyperparameters of the model by the grid search method until the model output result is within the preset threshold interval;

[0134] If the model output result is within the preset threshold interval, determine the preliminary adaptive model as the laser energy adaptive model.

[0135] As described in the above steps S61-S64, the optimization of the hyperparameters of the model by the grid search method is specifically because the hyperparameters directly affect the performance of the model, and therefore the optimal combination needs to be determined by the grid search. First, determine the hyperparameters to be optimized and the range, wherein the hyperparameters to be optimized include the number of decision trees (affecting the fitting ability of the model), the maximum depth (controlling the complexity of the tree to avoid overfitting), and the minimum leaf node sample number (controlling the accuracy of the leaf node), then train a random forest model for each combination of hyperparameters, calculate the prediction error of each model on the training set (error = |predicted value-actual value| / actual value), and finally select the combination with the smallest error as the final hyperparameters.

[0136] The application obtains the highest temperature value through a real-time temperature field distribution model, obtains scanning path parameters according to adjustment of a laser engraving path, obtains multiple sets of engraving data of white oil blocks under different types and thicknesses, and divides the multiple sets of engraving data into a training set and a verification set, wherein the engraving data includes an engraving effect evaluation index, a highest temperature value, a corrected laser parameter and a scanning path parameter, an initial adaptive model is constructed by using a random forest algorithm, and the multiple sets of engraving data are divided into the training set and the verification set, which can provide diversified working condition data, ensure that the model can adapt to white oil blocks of different thicknesses and types, comprehensively consider the engraving effect evaluation index, the highest temperature value, the corrected laser parameter and the scanning path parameter in the data, so that the model training not only depends on a single process parameter, but also considers comprehensive influencing factors, which makes the model training process more comprehensive, can fully reflect the common influence of multiple factors on the engraving effect, improves the accuracy of model prediction, inputs the training set into the initial adaptive model for training, and optimizes the hyperparameters of the model by using a grid search method to obtain a preliminary adaptive model. The grid search method can automatically adjust the hyperparameters of the model, so that the model reaches the best performance in the training process. Compared with the traditional manual parameter adjustment method, the optimization efficiency of the model can be significantly improved. By automatically searching for the optimal hyperparameters, not only the cost of manual intervention is reduced, but also the optimal parameter combination can be found in multiple experiments, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the model. Compared with the fixed parameter setting in the traditional technology, the grid search method can greatly improve the adaptability and effect consistency of the laser engraving process, especially when dealing with white oil blocks of different thicknesses and types, the engraving quality can be better guaranteed. The verification set data is input into the initial adaptive model for verification to obtain a model output result, whether the model output result is within a preset threshold interval is judged, if the model output result is not within the preset threshold interval, the step of inputting the training set into the initial adaptive model for training and optimizing the hyperparameters of the model by using the grid search method is returned to until the model output result is within the preset threshold interval, if the model output result is within the preset threshold interval, the preliminary adaptive model is determined as a laser energy adaptive model, the verification set data is input into the initial adaptive model for verification, which can test the generalization ability of the model on unseen data, can effectively judge whether the model performs ideally in actual working conditions, whether the model output is within the preset threshold interval is judged, which can ensure the quality control of the engraving process, if the output result does not meet the requirements, the model can be optimized by retraining and adjusting the hyperparameters, thereby continuously improving the engraving precision, ensuring the adaptability of the model, and gradually approaching the ideal output result, avoiding the accumulation of engraving errors caused by imperfect initial models, which can significantly improve the engraving precision, avoid overheating, and ensure the stability of the PCB substrate, and finally improve the performance and reliability of the product.

[0137] As Figure 2As shown, the present application also provides a laser energy adaptation system for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses, comprising:

[0138] a pre-adjustment module configured to obtain initial laser parameters of a laser engraving system, an initial laser engraving path, and type parameters and thickness parameters of a white oil block, and pre-adjust the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and the thickness parameters to obtain pre-adjusted laser parameters;

[0139] a construction module configured to start the laser engraving system based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters to collect temperature values of multiple regions on the surface of the white oil block and energy density values of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time, and construct a real-time temperature field distribution model according to the multiple region temperature values;

[0140] a judgment module configured to obtain a corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient according to the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and determine whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold;

[0141] if the heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold, it is determined that the heat accumulation of the laser action point is serious, and the pre-adjusted laser parameters are adjusted according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient to obtain modified laser parameters;

[0142] a planning module configured to obtain scanning path adjustment parameters according to the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and re-plan the initial laser engraving path according to the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path, wherein the scanning path adjustment parameters include a scanning direction angle, a heat spot avoidance distance, and a scanning pitch;

[0143] an acquisition module configured to collect depth information and grayscale image information of an engraved region of the white oil block in real time based on the modified laser parameters and the adjusted laser engraving path, and obtain an engraving effect evaluation index according to the depth information and the grayscale image information;

[0144] a generation module configured to generate a laser energy adaptation model according to the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the modified laser parameters, and the adjusted laser engraving path, so that the laser engraving system performs laser energy adaptation on white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses according to the laser energy adaptation model.

[0145] In one embodiment, the pre-adjustment module comprises:

[0146] a first acquisition unit configured to obtain a base material type of the white oil block according to the type parameters, and obtain a corresponding thermal conductivity coefficient and a heat resistance upper limit according to the base material type;

[0147] a second acquisition unit configured to obtain a laser incidence angle of the laser engraving system;

[0148] a third obtaining unit, configured to obtain a thickness value of the white oil block according to the thickness parameter, and obtain a heat conduction path length according to the thickness value and a laser incidence angle;

[0149] a fourth obtaining unit, configured to obtain a density, a specific heat capacity and an ambient temperature of the white oil block, and obtain a heat conduction path inertia coefficient according to the density, the specific heat capacity and the heat conduction path length;

[0150] a fifth obtaining unit, configured to obtain a temperature difference according to the ambient temperature and an upper limit of a heat resistance temperature, and obtain a first power correction coefficient according to the temperature difference, a thermal conductivity and the heat conduction path inertia coefficient;

[0151] a pre-adjusting unit, configured to obtain a first scanning speed correction coefficient according to the thickness value, and pre-adjust an initial scanning speed and an initial laser power in an initial laser parameter according to the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient respectively, to obtain a pre-adjusted scanning speed and a pre-adjusted laser power.

[0152] It should be noted that each module and unit in the laser energy adaptation system for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks corresponds to each step in the laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks.

[0153] As shown in Figure 3 The present application also provides a computer device, which can be a server, and the internal structure thereof can be as shown in Figure 3 The computer device comprises a processor, a memory, a network interface and a database connected through a system bus. The processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium to run. The database of the computer device is configured to store all data required in the process of the laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks. The network interface of the computer device is configured to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks.

[0154] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 3 the structure shown in

[0155] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks.

[0156] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be included. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium provided by the present application and used in the embodiments can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. The volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM) and the like.

[0157] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that processes, devices, articles or methods including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or include elements inherent to such processes, devices, articles or methods. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0158] The above description is only preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation according to the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for adapting laser energy to different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, characterized in that, include: The initial laser parameters, initial laser engraving path, and type and thickness parameters of the white paint block of the laser engraving system are obtained, and the initial laser parameters are pre-adjusted according to the type and thickness parameters to obtain the pre-adjusted laser parameters. The laser engraving system is started based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters, and the temperature values ​​of multiple areas on the surface of the white oil block and the energy density values ​​of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path are collected in real time. A real-time temperature field distribution model is constructed based on the multiple temperature values ​​of the areas. Based on the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, obtain the corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient, and determine whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold. If the thermal accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold, the pre-adjusted laser parameters are corrected and adjusted according to the thermal accumulation risk coefficient to obtain the corrected laser parameters; The scanning path adjustment parameters are obtained based on the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and the initial laser engraving path is replanned based on the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain the adjusted laser engraving path. The scanning path adjustment parameters include scanning direction angle, hot spot avoidance distance and scanning spacing. Based on the corrected laser parameters and adjusted laser engraving path, the depth information and grayscale image information of the white oil block engraving area are collected in real time, and the engraving effect evaluation index is obtained based on the depth information and grayscale image information. Based on the engraving effect evaluation index, real-time temperature field distribution model, corrected laser parameters, and adjusted laser engraving path, a laser energy adaptation model is generated so that the laser engraving system can adapt the laser energy to white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses according to the laser energy adaptation model.

2. The laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of pre-adjusting the initial laser parameters according to the type parameters and thickness parameters to obtain the pre-adjusted laser parameters includes: The substrate type of the white oil block is obtained according to the type parameters, and the corresponding thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature are obtained according to the substrate type. Obtain the laser incident angle of the laser engraving system; The thickness value of the white oil block is obtained based on the thickness parameter, and the length of the heat conduction path is obtained based on the thickness value and the laser incident angle. The density, specific heat capacity, and ambient temperature of the white oil block are obtained, and the inertia coefficient of the heat conduction path is obtained based on the density, specific heat capacity, and heat conduction path length. The temperature difference is obtained based on the ambient temperature and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature, and the first power correction coefficient is obtained based on the temperature difference, the thermal conductivity and the inertia coefficient of the heat conduction path. The first scanning speed correction coefficient is obtained based on the thickness value, and the initial scanning speed and initial laser power in the initial laser parameters are pre-adjusted based on the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient, respectively, to obtain the pre-adjusted scanning speed and pre-adjusted laser power.

3. The laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the corresponding thermal accumulation risk coefficient based on the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value includes: Obtain the substrate type of the white oil block, and obtain the energy tolerance threshold based on the substrate type; The corresponding energy exceedance coefficient is obtained based on each energy density value and energy tolerance threshold. The location information of the corresponding laser action point is obtained based on each energy density value, and the location of the corresponding region is determined based on each location information. Each of the aforementioned regions is input into the real-time temperature field distribution model to obtain the corresponding region temperature value, and the corresponding temperature risk coefficient is obtained based on each region temperature value and energy tolerance threshold. Obtain the total surface area of ​​the white oil block; The area of ​​the corresponding region is obtained based on the location of the region, and the area ratio coefficient is obtained based on the area of ​​each region and the total surface area. The corresponding thermal accumulation risk coefficient is obtained based on each of the area proportion coefficient, temperature risk coefficient, and energy excess coefficient.

4. The laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the scanning path adjustment parameters based on the thermal accumulation risk coefficient, and replanning the initial laser engraving path based on the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain the adjusted laser engraving path includes: The thermal conductivity, thickness, and upper limit of the heat resistance temperature of the white oil block are obtained, and the scanning interval is obtained based on the thickness value and the heat accumulation risk coefficient. Based on the heat accumulation risk coefficient, obtain the location and temperature information of the corresponding laser impact point, and obtain the temperature gradient vector of the laser impact point based on the temperature and location information; The temperature gradient direction angle is obtained based on the temperature gradient vector, and the scanning direction angle is obtained based on the temperature gradient direction angle and the heat accumulation risk coefficient. The temperature coefficient ratio is obtained based on the temperature information and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature, and the hot spot avoidance distance is obtained based on the thermal conductivity and the temperature coefficient ratio. The direction of the new scan line is determined according to the scan direction angle, and the spacing of the new scan line is arranged according to the scan spacing. Based on the hotspot avoidance distance, a new jump path is planned between the planned areas, and the initial laser engraving path is replanned based on the new jump path, the new scan line direction, and the new scan line spacing to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path.

5. The laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the carving effect evaluation index based on the depth information and grayscale image information includes: The actual depth and preset standard depth of the white oil block carving area are obtained based on the depth information, and the scratch depth deviation rate is obtained based on the actual depth and preset standard depth. Obtain the standard carving edge line of the white oil block carving area, and obtain the standard edge length based on the standard carving edge line; The edge contour lines are extracted from the grayscale image information, and the coordinates of multiple sampling points on the edge contour lines are extracted; Obtain the vertical distance from the coordinates of each sampling point to the standard engraved edge line, and obtain the average deviation distance based on multiple vertical distances; The edge flatness deviation rate is obtained based on the average deviation distance and standard edge length, and the engraving effect evaluation index is obtained based on the edge flatness deviation rate and the scratch depth deviation rate.

6. The laser energy adaptation method for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a laser energy adaptation model based on the engraving effect evaluation index, the real-time temperature field distribution model, the corrected laser parameters, and the adjusted laser engraving path includes: The highest temperature value is obtained based on the real-time temperature field distribution model, and the scanning path parameters are obtained based on the adjustment of the laser engraving path. Multiple sets of engraving data for white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses are obtained, and the multiple sets of engraving data are divided into training set and validation set. The engraving data includes engraving effect evaluation index, maximum temperature value, corrected laser parameters and scanning path parameters. An initial fitting model was constructed using the random forest algorithm, and the training set was input into the initial fitting model for training. The hyperparameters of the model were then optimized using the grid search method to obtain the preliminary fitting model. The validation set data is input into the initial adaptation model for validation, and the model output result is obtained. It is then determined whether the model output result is within a preset threshold range. If the model output is not within the preset threshold range, return to the step of inputting the training set into the initial adapted model for training and optimizing the hyperparameters of the model using the grid search method until the model output is within the preset threshold range. If the output of the model is within a preset threshold range, then the preliminary adaptation model is determined as the laser energy adaptation model.

7. A laser energy adaptation system for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks, characterized in that, include The pre-adjustment module is used to acquire the initial laser parameters, initial laser engraving path, and type and thickness parameters of the white oil block of the laser engraving system, and to pre-adjust the initial laser parameters according to the type and thickness parameters to obtain the pre-adjusted laser parameters. The module is used to start the laser engraving system based on the pre-adjusted laser parameters to collect the temperature values ​​of multiple areas on the surface of the white oil block and the energy density value of each laser action point on the initial laser engraving path in real time, and to construct a real-time temperature field distribution model based on the multiple area temperature values. The judgment module is used to obtain the corresponding heat accumulation risk coefficient based on the real-time temperature field distribution model and each energy density value, and to determine whether each heat accumulation risk coefficient exceeds a preset risk threshold. If the thermal accumulation risk coefficient exceeds the preset risk threshold, the pre-adjusted laser parameters are corrected and adjusted according to the thermal accumulation risk coefficient to obtain the corrected laser parameters; The planning module is used to obtain scanning path adjustment parameters based on the heat accumulation risk coefficient, and to replan the initial laser engraving path based on the scanning path adjustment parameters to obtain an adjusted laser engraving path. The scanning path adjustment parameters include scanning direction angle, hot spot avoidance distance, and scanning spacing. The acquisition module is used to acquire depth information and grayscale image information of the white oil block engraving area in real time based on the corrected laser parameters and adjusted laser engraving path, and to obtain an engraving effect evaluation index based on the depth information and grayscale image information; The generation module is used to generate a laser energy adaptation model based on the engraving effect evaluation index, real-time temperature field distribution model, corrected laser parameters, and adjusted laser engraving path, so that the laser engraving system can adapt the laser energy to white oil blocks of different types and thicknesses according to the laser energy adaptation model.

8. The laser energy adaptation system for different types and thicknesses of white oil blocks according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pre-adjustment module includes: The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the substrate type of the white oil block according to the type parameter, and to acquire the corresponding thermal conductivity and upper limit of heat resistance temperature according to the substrate type. The second acquisition unit is used to acquire the laser incident angle of the laser engraving system; The third acquisition unit is used to acquire the thickness value of the white oil block according to the thickness parameter, and to acquire the heat conduction path length according to the thickness value and the laser incident angle. The fourth acquisition unit is used to acquire the density, specific heat capacity and ambient temperature of the white oil block, and to acquire the inertia coefficient of the heat conduction path based on the density, specific heat capacity and heat conduction path length. The fifth acquisition unit is used to acquire the temperature difference based on the ambient temperature and the upper limit of the heat resistance temperature, and to acquire the first power correction coefficient based on the temperature difference, thermal conductivity and heat conduction path inertia coefficient. The pre-adjustment unit is used to obtain a first scanning speed correction coefficient based on the thickness value, and to pre-adjust the initial scanning speed and initial laser power in the initial laser parameters based on the first scanning speed correction coefficient and the first power correction coefficient, respectively, to obtain the pre-adjusted scanning speed and pre-adjusted laser power.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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