Metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of polishing tools, in particular to a metal processing automatic adaptive polishing device, which comprises a first rack and a second rack arranged oppositely; a driving wheel is arranged on the first rack, the driving wheel can rotate around its own axis, a plurality of slots are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the driving wheel, and the plurality of slots are arranged in the circumferential direction; a polishing belt is frictionally wound on the driving wheel, and the polishing belt forms a closed motion loop on the first rack; a chain is arranged on the second rack, the chain and the polishing belt are arranged oppositely, and the chain forms a closed motion loop on the second rack; a plurality of first insertion rods are arranged on the chain, the plurality of first insertion rods are arranged in the circumferential direction, the first insertion rods can drive part of the polishing belt to be inserted into the slots, so that the polishing belt and the driving wheel form a meshing effect, which is beneficial to reducing the phenomenon of slipping, improving the polishing effect, and driving the polishing belt to vibrate, thereby achieving the cleaning of metal debris.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic adaptive grinding device for metal processing. Background Technology

[0002] Metal processing includes processes such as cold rolling, grinding, and painting / coating. The main purpose of grinding is to remove tiny particles, oxide layers, burrs, or uneven parts from the metal surface to obtain a smooth, uniform surface, thereby improving the precision and surface finish of the parts. It not only enhances the aesthetics of metal products but also strengthens their corrosion resistance, extends their service life, and prepares them for subsequent processes such as painting / coating.

[0003] Belt sanders are used in the grinding process of metal. In related technologies, such as Chinese patent CN104044042B, a belt sander is disclosed, which includes a sanding belt wound on a drive wheel, a driven tail wheel and a tension adjustment wheel, as well as a transmission device that drives the drive wheel to rotate. Its core working principle is that the sanding belt of any length can be installed by adjusting the driven tail wheel, and the spatial structure shape of the sanding belt can be changed to achieve special processing requirements.

[0004] However, when the aforementioned belt sander grinds metal workpieces, the transmission between the sanding belt and the drive wheel, driven tail wheel, and tension adjustment wheel is all friction-driven. Friction transmission relies on the friction between contact surfaces to transmit power. When there is insufficient contact pressure between the sanding belt and the wheels, or when the contact surfaces are worn, the friction decreases, causing the sanding belt to slip and affecting the grinding effect. Simultaneously, metal workpieces produce metal shavings. Because these shavings are in direct contact with the sanding belt, they easily adhere to its surface. If not cleaned promptly, this not only reduces the sanding belt's grinding capacity and shortens its lifespan but also scratches the metal workpiece, affecting its surface quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automatic adaptive grinding device for metal processing to address the problems of poor grinding effect and inability to clean metal shavings adhering to the surface of the belt during the use of current belt sanders.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic adaptive grinding device for metal processing includes a first frame and a second frame arranged opposite to each other. A drive wheel is mounted on the first frame, capable of rotating around its own axis. Multiple slots are formed on the circumferential sidewall of the drive wheel, arranged circumferentially. A grinding belt is wound around the drive wheel, forming a closed motion loop on the first frame. A chain is mounted on the second frame, with the chain and grinding belt arranged opposite to each other, forming a closed motion loop on the second frame. Multiple first inserts are mounted on the chain, arranged along the extension direction of the chain. These first inserts can both frictionally engage with the grinding belt and drive a portion of the grinding belt into the slots.

[0008] Furthermore, the first frame is capable of elastically sliding in a direction close to or away from the second frame; two first sprockets and at least one second sprocket are arranged parallel to each other on the second frame, and both the first sprockets and the second sprockets are capable of rotating around their own axes. The two first sprockets are located on both sides of the drive wheel, and the second sprocket and the drive wheel are located on both sides of the two first sprockets. The first sprockets are capable of elastically sliding in a direction perpendicular to their own axes; the chain drive is wound around the two first sprockets and all the second sprockets.

[0009] Furthermore, the chain is also provided with a plurality of second inserts, which are arranged along the extension direction of the chain and alternate with the first inserts. The second inserts can both form a frictional engagement with the polishing belt and drive part of the polishing belt to be inserted into the slot; the engagement depth of the first insert and the second insert with the slot is different.

[0010] Furthermore, there are two chains, which are arranged at intervals along the bandwidth of the grinding belt, and the two chains can move away from or towards each other synchronously; the first insert and the second insert are both disposed on the two chains; the portion of the second insert inserted into the slot is elastic; the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing also includes an adjustment component, which is configured to adjust the spacing between the two chains according to the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt, and the more debris, the smaller the spacing.

[0011] Furthermore, the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing also includes a base; both the first frame and the second frame are mounted on the base; the adjustment component includes a bidirectional screw, which is mounted on the base and extends along the width direction of the grinding belt, and is capable of rotating around its own axis; the bidirectional screw has two threaded grooves with opposite thread directions; two first sliders are sleeved on the bidirectional screw, and the two first sliders respectively form a threaded engagement with the two threaded grooves, and both are capable of sliding along the extension direction of the bidirectional screw; the second frame is divided into two split structures along the width direction of the grinding belt, and the two split structures are respectively mounted on the two first sliders and are capable of moving synchronously with the first sliders; the two chains are respectively mounted on the two split structures.

[0012] Furthermore, a first elastic element is also provided on the base, the first elastic element is connected between the first frame and the base, and under the action of the first elastic element, the first frame has a tendency to move away from the second frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the first elastic element is a first compression spring.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the first sprockets is connected to the second frame via a second elastic element, and under the action of the second elastic element, the first sprocket has a tendency to tension the chain.

[0015] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a second compression spring.

[0016] Furthermore, the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing also includes a drive unit configured to provide driving force for the rotation of the drive wheel.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention relates to an automatic adaptive grinding device for metal processing. By setting a slot and a first insert rod, and utilizing the interlocking cooperation between the two, the grinding belt and the drive wheel form a meshing effect during the operation of the grinding belt. This not only helps to reduce slippage and improve the grinding effect, but also drives the grinding belt to vibrate, thereby enabling timely cleaning of metal debris adhering to the surface of the grinding belt. This ensures the grinding capacity of the grinding belt, extends its service life, reduces scratches on metal workpieces, and improves the surface quality of metal workpieces.

[0019] Furthermore, by setting the first frame and the two first sprockets to be able to slide elastically, when the grinding pressure increases, the first frame synchronously drives the drive wheel to move closer to the second frame, and the drive wheel forces the two first sprockets to move closer to each other synchronously. At the same time, the chain between the two first sprockets deforms to cover the outer circumference of the drive wheel, thereby increasing the number of first inserts inserted into the slots, strengthening the meshing effect between the grinding belt and the drive wheel, further reducing slippage, and improving the grinding effect.

[0020] Furthermore, by setting a second insert rod and utilizing its different mating depth with the first insert rod and the slot, the vibration frequency of the grinding belt is increased during the operation of the grinding belt, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the metal debris adhering to the grinding belt.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting an adjustment component, when the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt increases, the distance between the two chains is adjusted to become smaller, so that the part where the second insert rod and the slot meet is compressed and thickened. This allows the thickened second insert rod to drive a longer grinding belt into the slot, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the grinding belt and thus improving the cleaning effect on the metal debris adhering to the grinding belt. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the metal processing automatic adaptive grinding equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the parts of the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 An exploded view of the grinding structure of the metalworking automatic adaptive grinding equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the auxiliary tensioning structure of the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view of the grinding structure of the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0028] Figure 7 A front view of the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0030] Figure 9 A front view of the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle.

[0032] in:

[0033] 1. Base; 1011. First slide groove;

[0034] 2. Grinding structure; 201. First frame; 2011. Backrest; 202. Drive wheel; 2021. Slot; 203. Driven wheel; 204. Tensioning wheel; 205. Finger grinding wheel; 206. Grinding belt; 207. Tensioning assembly; 2071. Third compression spring; 2072. First support; 2073. Second support; 208. Drive motor; 209. First compression spring;

[0035] 3. Auxiliary tensioning structure; 301. Second frame; 3011. Second slide rail; 3012. Split structure; 302. First sprocket; 303. Second sprocket; 3031. Second slider; 304. Chain; 3041. Mounting base; 305. First insert rod; 306. Second compression spring; 307. Second insert rod;

[0036] 4. Housing;

[0037] 5. Adjustment assembly; 501. Bidirectional screw; 502. First slider. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] The following reference Figures 1 to 10 The present invention describes an automatic adaptive grinding device for metal processing, which is particularly suitable for grinding metal workpieces, and of course, it is also suitable for grinding workpieces of other materials.

[0042] Specifically, the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing is configured to include a base 1; a grinding structure 2 is provided on the top of the base 1; the grinding structure 2 includes a first frame 201; a drive wheel 202, a driven wheel 203, a tension wheel 204, and a finger grinding wheel 205 are provided on the first frame 201. The drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205 can all rotate around their own axes and are located in the same plane, which is a vertical plane and extends in the left-right direction; the axes of the drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205 are parallel and all extend horizontally in the front-back direction. The driven wheel 203 is located to the lower left of the drive wheel 202, the tension wheel 204 is located to the upper left of the drive wheel 202 and to the upper right of the driven wheel 203, and the finger grinding wheel 205... 5 is located to the upper left of the driven wheel 203 and to the lower left of the tension wheel 204; a grinding belt 206 is rubbed around the driving wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204 and finger grinding wheel 205, the grinding belt 206 forms a closed motion loop on the first frame 201 and is used to grind metal workpieces; the tension wheel 204 can slide outward elastically to tension the grinding belt 206; the first frame 201 also has a support seat 2011, which is located between the finger grinding wheel 205 and the driven wheel 203. The left side wall of the support seat 2011 is a vertical surface and extends in the front-back direction, and can support the grinding belt 206 between the finger grinding wheel 205 and the driven wheel 203, so that the grinding belt 206 extends in the vertical direction, ensuring that a position is provided for grinding metal workpieces.

[0043] To facilitate the elastic sliding of the tension wheel 204, the grinding structure 2 also includes a tensioning assembly 207. The tensioning assembly 207 includes a third compression spring 2071, which is vertically positioned and its bottom end is fixed to the first frame 201. A first support 2072 is fixed to the top of the third compression spring 2071. A second support 2073 is hinged to the top of the first support 2072 and is also hinged to the first frame 201. The tension wheel 204 is rotatably mounted on the second support 2073 during installation. Under the action of the third compression spring 2071, the tension wheel 204 has a tendency to elastically slide outward, thereby tensioning the grinding belt 206. To facilitate providing the driving force for the rotation of the drive wheel 202, the grinding structure 2 also includes a driving component, which can be a drive motor 208. The drive motor 208 is located on the top of the base 1, and its motor shaft is coaxial and fixedly inserted into the drive wheel 202.

[0044] Understandably, to ensure the stability of the tensioning direction of the tensioning wheel 204, a telescopic rod can be inserted into the third compression spring 2071. The telescopic rod extends vertically and connects between the first frame 201 and the first support 2072, and is used to support the third compression spring 2071, ensuring that the third compression spring 2071 can only extend and retract in the vertical direction, avoiding the spring force on the tensioning wheel 204 from being affected by extension and retraction in other directions, thus affecting the tension of the grinding belt 206.

[0045] During use, the drive motor 208 is started first, which drives the drive wheel 202 to rotate. The drive wheel 202, through the follow-up of the driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204 and finger grinding wheel 205, drives the grinding belt 206 to form a closed motion circuit. Then, the metal workpiece is placed on the left side of the backrest 2011 and ground by the grinding belt 206 at the backrest 2011.

[0046] While the above process can achieve grinding of metal workpieces, the grinding belt 206 uses friction transmission with the drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205. The power transmission of this friction transmission relies on the friction between the inner surface of the grinding belt 206 and the surfaces of the drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205. The magnitude of this friction is affected by factors such as contact pressure and surface roughness. In actual operation, if the contact pressure between the grinding belt 206 and the drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205 is insufficient, or if wear occurs on the inner surface of the grinding belt 206, drive wheel 202, driven wheel 203, tension wheel 204, and finger grinding wheel 205 after prolonged use, resulting in reduced roughness, the friction will decrease, making the grinding belt 206 prone to slippage. Slippage of the grinding belt 206 will directly lead to unstable movement speed of the grinding belt 206, or even local stagnation. At this time, the relative motion state between the grinding particles on the surface of the grinding belt 206 and the surface of the metal workpiece is disordered, and it is impossible to form a uniform and stable grinding trajectory. Ultimately, it will affect the grinding effect on the metal workpiece and may cause problems such as uneven grinding or local incomplete grinding on the surface of the metal workpiece.

[0047] Meanwhile, during the grinding process, the grinding belt 206 will experience intense friction with the surface of the metal workpiece, inevitably generating a large amount of metal debris. Due to the adhesiveness of the surface of the grinding belt 206 (or electrostatic adsorption due to friction), these metal debris will adhere to the surface of the grinding belt 206. If these adhered metal shavings are not cleaned in time, two problems will arise after long-term use: First, the adhered metal shavings will fill the gaps between the abrasive particles on the surface of the grinding belt 206, reducing the grinding capacity of the grinding belt 206. At the same time, the hardness of the metal shavings may differ from that of the abrasive particles of the grinding belt 206. During subsequent grinding, these metal shavings may cause scratches or wear on the surface of the grinding belt 206, damaging the structural integrity of the grinding belt 206 and shortening its service life. Second, when the metal shavings adhered to the surface of the grinding belt 206 come into contact with the surface of the metal workpiece as the grinding belt 206 moves, they may cause scratches on the surface of the metal workpiece. Especially for the surface of the metal workpiece that has been ground to a near-smooth state, the scratches caused by these metal shavings will directly damage the surface finish, resulting in damage to the previous grinding results and affecting the final quality of the metal workpiece.

[0048] Based on this, in the automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing provided in this embodiment of the invention, multiple slots 2021 are provided on the circumferential sidewall of the drive wheel 202. The multiple slots 2021 are evenly arranged circumferentially, and the slots 2021 extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the drive wheel 202 and penetrate through the two end faces of the drive wheel 202. The cross-sectional shape of the slots 2021 is semi-circular. A second frame 301 is also provided on the top of the base 1. The second frame 301 is arranged opposite to the first frame 201 and is located on the right side of the first frame 201. Two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303 are provided on the second frame 301. The two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303 can rotate around their own axes. The two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303 are located in the same plane, which is a vertical plane and extends in the left and right direction. The two first sprockets 302 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and are both located on the right side of the drive wheel 202. On the side, the second sprocket 303 is located to the right of the first sprocket 302 and between the two second sprockets 303; a chain 304 is wound around the two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303 for common transmission, and the chain 304 forms a closed motion circuit on the second frame 301; a mounting seat 3041 is fixedly provided on each outer link of the chain 304; a first insert rod 305 is simultaneously inserted into the two mounting seats 3041 arranged opposite to each other on the chain 304, the first insert rod 305 extends horizontally in the front-back direction and can form a frictional engagement with the grinding belt 206.

[0049] During the operation of the grinding belt 206, the grinding belt 206, through frictional engagement with the first insert rod 305, synchronously drives the chain 304 to move, with the two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303 following suit. When the first insert rod 305 moves to the junction of the drive wheel 202 and the chain 304, as the grinding belt 206 continues to run, the first insert rod 305 drives a portion of the grinding belt 206 to insert into the slot 2021, creating a meshing effect between the grinding belt 206 and the drive wheel 202. In this type of meshing transmission, the rotational power of the drive wheel 202 is not only transmitted to the grinding belt 206 through traditional friction, but also directly transmitted to the chain 304 through the mechanical limiting effect of the slot 2021 on the first insert rod 305. The chain 304 then drives the grinding belt 206 to move through the first insert rod 305. This dual power transmission path significantly reduces the reliance on a single frictional force. Even if there is slight wear or pressure fluctuation on the contact surface between the grinding belt 206 and the drive wheel 202, the mechanical engagement between the slot 2021 and the first insert rod 305 can still ensure stable power transmission, thereby effectively suppressing the slippage of the grinding belt 206 and ensuring that the grinding belt 206 always maintains a stable movement speed and trajectory, providing a foundation for uniform and efficient grinding.

[0050] Meanwhile, the process of the first insert rod 305 driving the polishing belt 206 to insert into the slot 2021 is not a smooth linear motion, but rather involves a periodic mechanical action of insertion-holding-disengagement. When the first insert rod 305 pushes the polishing belt 206 into the slot 2021, the polishing belt 206 will locally deform due to the thrust of the insert rod; during the stage of rotating with the drive wheel 202 inside the slot 2021, the polishing belt 206 is in a relatively stable state locally; when the first insert rod 305 continues to move with the chain 304 and gradually disengages from the slot 2021, the thrust on the polishing belt 206 disappears, and the previously generated deformation will quickly recover. This periodic change of deformation-recovery is directly converted into the vibration of the polishing belt 206.

[0051] Furthermore, the closing motion of the chain 304 causes multiple first inserts 305 to engage sequentially with different slots 2021, forming a continuous periodic thrust and deformation recovery process, ensuring the continuous vibration of the grinding belt 206. This vibration is not random shaking, but a regular vibration synchronized with the running rhythm of the grinding belt 206. The mechanical impact force generated can break the adhesion between metal debris and the surface of the grinding belt 206—whether it is adsorption caused by the stickiness of the grinding belt 206 or adhesion caused by static electricity, the vibration can cause the debris to fall off the surface of the grinding belt 206, achieving autonomous cleaning of the surface of the grinding belt 206 and preventing long-term accumulation of metal debris.

[0052] Therefore, the anti-slip and self-cleaning effects brought about by the cooperation between the first insertion rod 305 and the slot 2021 can, on the one hand, remove metal debris in a timely manner, maintain the exposed state of the grinding particles and the flatness of the surface of the grinding belt 206, ensure that the grinding belt 206 always maintains a stable grinding capacity, reduce abnormal wear caused by metal debris, and thus extend its service life; on the other hand, it avoids the scratching of the metal workpiece surface by metal debris from the source, ensuring that the surface of the metal workpiece is always in a grinding environment free from impurities, ultimately improving the surface smoothness and precision of the metal workpiece, and meeting the surface quality requirements of subsequent painting, coating and other processes.

[0053] In a further embodiment, to improve the applicability of the grinding equipment, a first sliding groove 1011 is provided on the top of the base 1, and the first sliding groove 1011 extends horizontally in the left-right direction; the bottom of the first frame 201 is slidably inserted into the first sliding groove 1011; a first elastic element is also inserted into the first sliding groove 1011, the first elastic element can be set as a first compression spring 209, the first compression spring 209 is connected between the first frame 201 and the base 1, and under the action of the first compression spring 209, the first frame 201 has a tendency to slide along the first sliding groove 1011 in a direction away from the second frame 301; and a second frame 301 is provided with... There are two second slide grooves 3011, which form a figure-eight structure with the larger opening facing left. A second slider 3031 is rotatably mounted on each first sprocket 302, and the second slider 3031 is simultaneously slidably inserted into the second slide groove 3011. A second elastic element is also inserted into the second slide groove 3011. The second elastic element can be a second compression spring 306. The second compression spring 306 is connected between the second frame 301 and the second slider 3031. Under the action of the second compression spring 306, the second slider 3031 has a tendency to move away from the second sprocket 303, thereby tensioning the chain 304.

[0054] As the metal workpiece is pushed to the right by the support seat 2011, the grinding pressure increases. The support seat 2011 synchronously drives the drive wheel 202 to move to the right. While compressing the first compression spring 209, it forces the two first sprockets 302 to move synchronously along the second slide groove 3011 and move closer to each other. At the same time, the chain 304 between the two first sprockets 302 deforms to cover the outer circumference of the drive wheel 202, thereby increasing the number of first insert rods 305 inserted into the slot 2021, strengthening the meshing effect between the grinding belt 206 and the drive wheel 202, further reducing slippage and improving the grinding effect.

[0055] In a further embodiment, to improve the cleaning effect on metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206, a second insert 307 is simultaneously inserted into two mounting seats 3041 opposite to each other on the chain 304. The second insert 307 extends horizontally in the front-back direction and is arranged alternately with the first insert 305. The second insert 307 can form a friction fit with the grinding belt 206, and the diameter of the second insert 307 is larger than the diameter of the first insert 305, ensuring that the fitting depth of the first insert 305 and the second insert 307 with the slot 2021 is not equal.

[0056] During the operation of the polishing belt 206, due to the unequal engagement depths of the first insert 305 and the second insert 307 with the slot 2021, when the first insert 305 is inserted into the slot 2021, the pushing force on the polishing belt 206 is smaller, only allowing a shorter length of the polishing belt 206 to enter the slot 2021; when the second insert 307 is inserted into the slot 2021, a stronger pushing force is generated on the polishing belt 206, enabling a longer length of the polishing belt 206 to be embedded into the slot 2021. The grinding belt 206 will undergo significant deformation in certain areas. Then, the first insert rod 305 drives the shorter grinding belt 206 to insert into the slot 2021, causing the deformation of the grinding belt 206 to decrease rapidly. Subsequently, the second insert rod 307 drives the longer grinding belt 206 to disengage from the slot 2021, causing the deformation of the grinding belt 206 to recover quickly. The first insert rod 305 then drives the shorter grinding belt 206 to disengage from the slot 2021, further reducing the recovery of the grinding belt 206, thus forming a cycle.

[0057] This alternating cycle of large deformation, small deformation, large recovery, and small recovery causes the vibration of the grinding belt 206 to no longer be a repetition of a single frequency, but rather a superposition of two vibration waves with different periods. These two vibration waves superimpose and interact with each other, forming a non-uniform, high-frequency composite vibration—compared to the gentle vibration of a single insert rod, this composite vibration has a shorter period, significantly increasing the number of deformations and recovery cycles of the grinding belt 206 per unit time, directly achieving an increase in vibration frequency.

[0058] The high-frequency vibration generated by the cooperation of the first insertion rod 305 and the second insertion rod 307 provides stronger mechanical energy to the grinding belt 206, achieving a qualitative change in the metal debris cleaning effect: On the one hand, the high-frequency vibration causes rapid micro-vibration on the surface of the grinding belt 206. This vibration continuously breaks the adsorption balance between the metal debris and the surface of the grinding belt 206, forcing the contact point between the metal debris and the surface of the grinding belt 206 to continuously change, gradually weakening the adsorption force between them; on the other hand, the inertial force generated by the high-frequency vibration acts on the metal debris itself—for loosened metal debris, the inertial force will directly throw it off the surface of the grinding belt 206; for metal debris that is still tightly adsorbed, the high-frequency vibration will eventually overcome the adsorption force through continuous energy accumulation, causing the metal debris to detach from the grinding belt 206.

[0059] In addition, high-frequency vibration can also prevent metal debris from being re-adsorbed on the surface of the grinding belt 206: due to the high vibration frequency, the speed at which metal debris falls off is much faster than the speed at which it is re-adsorbed. Even if some metal debris does not completely detach from the equipment, it will be carried away from the grinding area by the vibration and will not re-adhere to the surface of the grinding belt 206, thereby achieving continuous and efficient cleaning of the surface of the grinding belt 206.

[0060] In a further embodiment, to further improve the cleaning effect on metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206, two chains 304 are provided, spaced apart in the front-to-back direction; the first insert rod 305 and the second insert rod 307 are both simultaneously mounted on the two chains 304; the second frame 301 is divided into two relatively independent split structures 3012 in the front-to-back direction, and the two split structures 3012 are connected by a telescopic rod, which extends horizontally in the front-to-back direction and is retractable at both ends; the two chains 304 are respectively mounted on the two split structures 3012 during installation, ensuring that the two chains 304 can move away from or towards each other synchronously. To facilitate the formation of a closed motion loop of the chains 304 on the split structures 3012, each split structure 3012 is provided with two first sprockets 302 and one second sprocket 303. Meanwhile, to improve the applicability of the grinding equipment, two second sliding grooves 3011 are provided on each split structure 3012.

[0061] The part where the second insert 307 and the slot 2021 meet has a structure that is larger in the middle and smaller at both ends, and is elastic. The automatic adaptive grinding equipment for metal processing is also configured to include an adjustment component 5, which is configured to adjust the distance between the two chains 304 according to the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206. The more debris there is, the smaller the distance becomes. In turn, by changing the shape of the second insert 307, the second insert 307 can drive the longer grinding belt 206 to be inserted into the slot 2021.

[0062] When the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206 increases, the distance between the two chains 304 is reduced by adjusting the component 5, so that the part of the second insert 307 that engages with the slot 2021 is compressed and thickened. This allows the thickened second insert 307 to drive a longer grinding belt 206 into the slot 2021. Similarly, when the thickened second insert 307 disengages from the slot 2021, the length of the grinding belt 206 it drives out of the slot 2021 is also longer, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the grinding belt 206 and improving the cleaning effect on the metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206.

[0063] A housing 4 is also provided on the top of the base 1, located below the auxiliary tensioning structure 3. The adjustment component 5 can be configured to include a bidirectional screw 501, which is inserted into the housing 4 and extends horizontally in the front-to-back direction, and can rotate around its own axis; the bidirectional screw 501 is provided with two threaded grooves with opposite thread directions; two first sliders 502 are sleeved on the bidirectional screw 501, and the two first sliders 502 respectively form threaded engagement with the two threaded grooves, and both form sliding engagement with the housing 4, so that when the bidirectional screw 501 rotates, the first sliders 502 can only slide along the extension direction of the bidirectional screw 501 through the threaded engagement with the threaded grooves; two split structures 3012 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two first sliders 502 to ensure that they can move with the first sliders 502, thereby facilitating the change of the distance between the two chains 304.

[0064] As the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206 increases, it drives the bidirectional screw 501 to rotate. Through the cooperation between the first slider 502 and the threaded groove, the bidirectional screw 501 drives the two first sliders 502 to move closer to each other, and simultaneously drives the two split structures 3012 to move closer to each other, reducing the distance between the two chains 304. At the same time, the part of the second insert 307 that engages with the slot 2021 is compressed and thickened, so that the thickened second insert 307 can drive a longer grinding belt 206 into the slot 2021. Similarly, when the thickened second insert 307 disengages from the slot 2021, the length of the grinding belt 206 it drives out of the slot 2021 is also longer, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the grinding belt 206 and thus improving the cleaning effect on the metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206.

[0065] Understandably, the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206 can be judged by visual inspection, and then the bidirectional screw 501 can be rotated manually to adjust the degree of deformation of the mating part of the second insert 307 and the slot 2021.

[0066] Understandably, the amount of metal debris adhering to the grinding belt 206 can also be automatically determined by a vision system, and then the bidirectional screw 501 can be rotated electrically, such as by a motor, hydraulic motor or drive cylinder, to automatically adjust the degree of deformation of the mating part of the second insert 307 and the slot 2021.

[0067] Understandably, the drive cylinder can be any of the following: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus, characterized by, The metal processing automatic adaptive polishing device comprises a first rack and a second rack arranged oppositely; the first rack is provided with a driving wheel capable of rotating around its own axis, and a plurality of slots are formed in the circumferential side wall of the driving wheel and arranged in the circumferential direction; a polishing belt is frictionally arranged on the driving wheel, and the polishing belt forms a closed movement loop on the first rack; the second rack is provided with a chain, the chain and the polishing belt are arranged oppositely, and the chain forms a closed movement loop on the second rack; a plurality of first insertion rods are arranged on the chain and arranged in the extension direction of the chain, the first insertion rods can form frictional fit with the polishing belt and drive part of the polishing belt to be inserted into the slots.

2. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first rack can elastically slide in the direction close to or away from the second rack; two first sprockets and at least one second sprocket are arranged on the second rack in parallel with the axis, the first sprockets and the second sprocket can rotate around their own axes, the two first sprockets are respectively located on the two sides of the driving wheel, the second sprocket and the driving wheel are respectively located on the two sides of the two first sprockets, and the first sprockets can elastically slide in the direction perpendicular to their own axes; the chain transmission is arranged around the two first sprockets and all the second sprockets.

3. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 2, wherein, A plurality of second insertion rods are further arranged on the chain and arranged in the extension direction of the chain, and the second insertion rods are alternately arranged with the first insertion rods, the second insertion rods can form frictional fit with the polishing belt and drive part of the polishing belt to be inserted into the slots; the matching depth of the first insertion rods and the second insertion rods with the slots is not equal.

4. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The number of chains is two, the two chains are arranged in the direction of the width of the polishing belt, and the two chains can be synchronously away from or close to each other; the first insertion rods and the second insertion rods are simultaneously arranged on the two chains; the part of the second insertion rods inserted into the slots is elastic; the metal processing automatic adaptive polishing device further comprises an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly is configured to adjust the spacing between the two chains according to the amount of metal debris adhered to the polishing belt, and the more the amount of debris, the smaller the spacing.

5. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The metal processing automatic adaptive polishing device further comprises a base; the first rack and the second rack are arranged on the base; the adjusting assembly comprises a bidirectional screw rod arranged on the base and extending along the width direction of the polishing belt and capable of rotating about its own axis; the bidirectional screw rod is provided with two thread grooves with opposite thread directions; the bidirectional screw rod is sleeved with two first sliders, the two first sliders are threadedly connected with the two thread grooves respectively and are capable of sliding along the extension direction of the bidirectional screw rod; the second rack is divided into two split structures along the width direction of the polishing belt, the two split structures are arranged on the two first sliders respectively and are capable of moving synchronously with the first sliders; the two chains are arranged on the two split structures respectively.

6. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The base is further provided with a first elastic member connected between the first rack and the base, and the first rack has a tendency to move away from the second rack under the action of the first elastic member.

7. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The first elastic member is a first compression spring.

8. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 2, wherein, Each first sprocket is connected with the second rack through a second elastic member, and the first sprocket has a tendency to tension the chain under the action of the second elastic member.

9. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The second elastic member is a second compression spring.

10. The metalworking automatic adaptive polishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The metal processing automatic adaptive polishing device further comprises a driving member configured to provide driving force for rotating the driving wheel.

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