Magnetic suspension grinding machine and grinding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a magnetic suspension grinding machine and a grinding method.The magnetic suspension grinding machine comprises a fixing frame, a magnetic suspension base, a magnetic suspension tool and a grinding rod, the magnetic suspension tool is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the magnetic suspension base, and a workpiece with an inner cavity to be machined is fixed to the magnetic suspension tool; the bottom face of the magnetic suspension tool and the top face of the magnetic suspension base are in magnetic repulsion, the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool and the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base are in magnetic attraction, and the grinding rod sequentially penetrates through a through hole of the magnetic suspension base and an inner cavity of a workpiece from bottom to top. Forced constraint of a traditional rigid clamp on a workpiece is eliminated, manual real-time fine adjustment of grinding wheel feeding or the clamp position is not needed, and the influence of manual operation errors on the yield is remarkably reduced; and meanwhile, workpiece straightness or cylindricity instability caused by rigid clamping is effectively avoided, the local extrusion and deformation risk of the thin-wall structure is further eliminated, and the yield and geometric accuracy of the thin-wall workpiece are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding machine technology, and in particular to a magnetic levitation grinding machine and grinding method. Background Technology

[0002] A grinding machine is a machine tool used for precision machining of workpiece surfaces. It uses a grinding wheel or grinding head to cut and polish the surfaces of materials such as metals, ceramics, and glass to achieve extremely high surface quality and extremely low surface roughness. Typical applications include dimensional finishing and surface treatment of bearing raceways, cams, mold cavities, optical components, and various high-precision parts. Common grinding methods include surface grinding, cylindrical grinding, internal hole grinding, and centerless grinding. During the process, the relative motion between the grinding head and the workpiece can be reciprocating, rotary feed, or a combination of these motions to meet the different geometric shapes and precision requirements of the workpieces. Thanks to the high precision and excellent surface properties of grinding, grinding technology is widely used in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, precision instruments, and optical component processing.

[0003] However, traditional grinding processes have three main drawbacks. First, they are inefficient and costly. Because the grinding process relies heavily on manual loading and unloading, fixture adjustments, and parameter settings, the processing cycle for a single piece is long, leading to increased costs and making it difficult to meet the demands of mass production and rapid delivery. Second, they are highly dependent on operator experience. Parameters such as the contact pressure between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and the feed rate, need to be manually adjusted in real time during the grinding process. This requires a high level of skill from the process engineers, which is difficult for novices to master quickly, resulting in significant fluctuations in yield and processing consistency. Third, the processing quality of thin-walled and long, narrow holes is difficult to guarantee. For workpieces with thin walls or long, narrow holes, traditional rigid fixtures easily cause straightness deviations and bending deformations. Furthermore, the ellipticity, coaxiality, and cylindricity of the workpiece are difficult to control stably during the grinding process, ultimately leading to a decrease in the yield of thin-walled parts and severely affecting product performance and assembly accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation grinding machine and grinding method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A magnetic levitation grinding machine includes a fixed frame on which a magnetic levitation system is mounted. The magnetic levitation system includes a magnetic levitation base, a magnetic levitation fixture, and a grinding rod. The magnetic levitation base is a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and an axially penetrating central bottom surface. The magnetic levitation fixture is axially penetrating and movably disposed within the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base. A first magnet and a second magnet are respectively disposed on the top surface and inner wall of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base. A third magnet and a fourth magnet are respectively disposed on the bottom surface and outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture. The first magnet and the third magnet repel each other, while the second magnet and the fourth magnet attract each other. A workpiece to be processed is fixed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture. The grinding rod passes through the through hole of the magnetic levitation base and the inner cavity of the workpiece from bottom to top.

[0006] Furthermore, the top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base is surrounded by a plurality of first magnets, and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture is surrounded by a plurality of third magnets, with the first magnets and third magnets arranged at equal intervals. This equally spaced magnet ring not only achieves symmetry in the forces acting on the magnetic levitation fixture in all directions but also increases resistance to lateral disturbances through the superposition of magnetic forces at multiple points. This ensures that during the levitation process, the fixture will not tilt or become eccentric due to misalignment of magnets on one side, further stabilizing coaxiality control during the grinding process.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner wall of the magnetic levitation base is surrounded by a plurality of second magnets, and the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture is surrounded by a plurality of fourth magnets. The plurality of second magnets and the plurality of fourth magnets are arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of second magnets and the plurality of fourth magnets constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism. The lateral adsorption mechanism can provide a continuous lateral positioning force when the magnetic levitation fixture moves up and down, so that the magnetic levitation fixture does not drift laterally when vibrating in the vertical direction. At the same time, the magnetic guidance design avoids the use of mechanical guide rails, reducing friction loss and maintenance costs.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixture also includes a clamp for fixing the workpiece. The clamp is located at the through-hole of the magnetic levitation fixture. The clamp includes a fixing sleeve and a fixing ring. The fixing sleeve is fixed to the through-hole of the magnetic levitation fixture and has an axially continuous structure. The fixing ring is adapted to be fitted onto the fixing sleeve, and the center of the fixing ring has an opening for the workpiece to pass through. The workpiece is fitted onto the grinding rod and moved into the fixing sleeve, then fixed by the fixing ring. The fixing sleeve, as the core guide component of the fixture, plays a precise positioning role, keeping the workpiece axis coaxial with the grinding rod. The fixing ring provides lateral restraint to the workpiece by lightly clamping the shoulder. Based on the principle of magnetic repulsion and attraction, the workpiece is kept in a free, suspended state, free from rigid external constraints. A balance is achieved between the magnetic levitation degree of freedom and the fixture constraint, preventing workpiece displacement without damaging the wall surface of the thin-walled workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed frame includes an operating platform and a support rod that provides support. The operating platform has an operating hole in the center for the magnetic levitation system to pass through. A support component is installed at the bottom of the operating platform. The bottom of the grinding rod is movably mounted on the support component. A first motor that drives the grinding rod to rotate is installed on the support component.

[0010] Furthermore, the operating platform is also equipped with a cylinder assembly, which includes a positioning seat, a truss, a cylinder pump, and a second motor. The cylinder pump is mounted on the operating platform, and the second motor is connected to the cylinder pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning base includes two units, and the truss is positioned above the positioning base. The truss has an inverted U-shaped structure, and both ends of the truss pass through the positioning base from top to bottom and are connected to mounting plates. The output shaft of the cylinder pump is fixedly connected to the truss, and the mounting plates are connected to the magnetic levitation base. When the second motor operates, it drives the cylinder pump to reciprocate up and down. Since the output shaft of the cylinder pump is fixedly connected to the truss, it controls the periodic up and down movement of the truss. The two ends of the truss pass through the operating platform and are connected to the mounting plates, which in turn drive the mounting plates to move up and down.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting rod passing through the operating hole is connected below the magnetic levitation base. The second motor is rotatably connected to the connecting rod via a transmission mechanism, and the second motor drives the magnetic levitation base to rotate. The grinding rod is mounted on the limiting plate, and its rotation is driven by a gear on the bottom of the grinding rod meshing with a gear on the first motor. That is, when the first motor is working, it drives the grinding rod to rotate. At the same time, a gear is also provided on the output shaft of the second motor, and a gear that meshes with this gear is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod. That is, the rotation of the second motor can drive the radial rotation of the magnetic levitation base. Since the magnetic levitation base is mounted on the mounting plate, when the mounting plate moves up and down, the magnetic levitation base moves up and down accordingly. In other words, the second motor can both drive the cylinder pump to move up and down and control the rotation of the magnetic levitation base through the rotation of its output shaft. The torque output by the first motor is converted into vertical linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic levitation base. Through the attraction between the magnets on the inner wall of the magnetic levitation base and the magnets on the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture, and the repulsion between the top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture, the entire magnetic levitation base moves up and down as the cylinder pump moves, controlling the grinding operation between the inner cavity wall of the workpiece and the grinding rod. The magnetic levitation base and the grinding rod rotate in opposite directions, increasing the friction between the workpiece and the grinding rod during the grinding process, thereby improving the efficiency of grinding and cutting.

[0013] Furthermore, an electronic control system is installed at the bottom of the fixed frame, which is connected to the first motor and the second motor respectively. The electronic control system coordinates and synchronizes the movement of each actuator, and performs closed-loop regulation of the grinding process by collecting signals such as motor speed and magnetic levitation fixture displacement in real time, thereby making the operation of the whole machine more intelligent and stable.

[0014] A grinding method using a magnetic levitation grinder includes the following steps: S1: Take the workpiece to be processed into the inner cavity, put the workpiece on the grinding rod, and fix it on the magnetic levitation fixture by the clamp; S2: The magnetic levitation fixture is suspended within the magnetic levitation base under the repulsive force of the magnets; S3: Start the first and second motors to drive the magnetic levitation base to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, and at the same time drive the magnetic levitation fixture to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece is reciprocated and ground while only contacting the grinding rod. S4: Repeat step S3 above until the workpiece surface reaches the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves the free suspension of the workpiece under magnetic repulsion and attraction through a magnetic levitation system, which gets rid of the forced constraint of the workpiece by the traditional rigid fixture. At the same time, each motion unit is precisely coordinated by the electronic control system, eliminating the need for manual real-time fine adjustment of the grinding wheel feed or fixture position, which greatly improves the consistency and repeatability of processing and significantly reduces the impact of human operation error on the yield. 2. This invention utilizes the magnetic repulsion force between the magnetic levitation base and the tooling, as well as its own weight, to achieve reciprocating linear motion of the tooling in the vertical direction. This solves the problem of inconsistent reciprocating motion during manual grinding, which makes it difficult to control the grinding dimensions. It effectively avoids the instability of workpiece straightness or cylindricity caused by rigid clamping. At the same time, the tooling clamps the workpiece through the shoulder rather than the wall surface, further eliminating the risk of local compression and deformation of thin-walled structures. Under the synergistic effect of the above design, stable grinding of thin-walled and long-hole workpieces can be achieved, significantly improving the yield and geometric accuracy of thin-walled parts. 3. This invention features fully automated operation, from magnetic field establishment and tooling movement to grinding feedback closed-loop control, replacing traditional manual feeding, parameter adjustment, and manual grinding. This significantly shortens the processing cycle for a single piece. The equipment combines the advantages of high surface quality from manual grinding with the high efficiency of mechanized operation, reducing labor and training costs and enhancing the production line's capacity and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation system; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation system; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a planar sectional view of a magnetic levitation system; Attached diagram labels: 1-Fixed frame, 101-Operating platform, 102-Support rod, 2-Magnetic levitation base, 3-Magnetic levitation fixture, 4-Grinding rod, 5-First magnet, 6-Second magnet, 7-Third magnet, 8-Fourth magnet, 9-Workpiece, 10-Clamp, 1001-Fixed sleeve, 1002-Fixed retaining ring, 11-Operating hole, 12-Supporting component, 13-First motor, 14-Positioning seat, 15-Truss, 16-Cylinder pump, 17-Second motor, 18-Mounting plate, 19-Electrical control system. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, as Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a magnetic levitation grinding machine, including a fixed frame 1, on which a magnetic levitation system is installed. The magnetic levitation system includes a magnetic levitation base 2, a magnetic levitation fixture 3, and a grinding rod 4. The magnetic levitation base 2 is a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and an axially penetrating central bottom surface. The magnetic levitation fixture 3 is axially penetrating and movably disposed within the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2. A first magnet 5 and a second magnet 6 are respectively disposed on the top surface and inner wall of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2. A third magnet 7 and a fourth magnet 8 are respectively disposed on the bottom surface and outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture 3. The first magnet 5 and the third magnet 7 repel each other, while the second magnet 6 and the fourth magnet 8 attract each other. A workpiece 9 with an inner cavity to be processed is fixed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture 3. The grinding rod 4 passes through the through hole of the magnetic levitation base 2 and the inner cavity of the workpiece 9 from bottom to top.

[0019] The top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2 is surrounded by a plurality of first magnets 5, and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 is surrounded by a plurality of third magnets 7. The plurality of first magnets 5 and the plurality of third magnets 7 are arranged at equal intervals. Specifically, the equally spaced magnet rings not only achieve the symmetry of the forces on the magnetic levitation fixture 3 in all directions, but also increase the resistance to lateral disturbances through the superposition of magnetic forces at multiple points. This ensures that during the levitation of the magnetic levitation fixture 3, the fixture will not tilt or become eccentric due to misalignment of magnets on one side, further stabilizing the coaxiality control during the grinding process.

[0020] The inner wall of the magnetic levitation base 2 is surrounded by a plurality of second magnets 6, and the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 is surrounded by a plurality of fourth magnets 8. The plurality of second magnets 6 and the plurality of fourth magnets 8 are arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of second magnets 6 and the plurality of fourth magnets 8 constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism. Specifically, the lateral adsorption mechanism can provide a continuous lateral positioning force when the magnetic levitation fixture 3 reciprocates up and down, so that the magnetic levitation fixture 3 does not drift laterally when vibrating in the vertical direction. At the same time, the magnetic guidance design avoids the use of mechanical guide rails, reducing friction loss and maintenance costs.

[0021] It also includes a clamp 10 for fixing the workpiece 9. The clamp 10 is disposed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture 3. The clamp 10 includes a fixing sleeve 1001 and a fixing ring 1002. The fixing sleeve 1001 is fixed to the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 and has an axially through structure. The fixing ring 1002 is adapted to be fitted onto the fixing sleeve 1001. The fixing ring 1002 has an opening at its center for the workpiece 9 to pass through. Specifically, for the thin-walled and long-hole workpiece 9, due to its fragile special structure, traditional rigid clamps are prone to causing straightness deviation and bending deformation, ultimately causing wear or damage to the workpiece 9. Therefore, this application fixes the workpiece 9 by sleeve on the grinding rod 4, moving it into the fixing sleeve 1001, and then fixing it with the fixing ring 1002 (sleeved in from the top of the grinding rod 4). The fixed sleeve 1001, as the core guide component of the fixture 10, plays a precise positioning role, ensuring that the axis of the workpiece 9 remains coaxial with the grinding rod 4. The fixed retaining ring 1002 provides lateral restraint to the workpiece 9 by lightly clamping the shoulder. This design primarily utilizes the principle of magnetic repulsion and attraction to achieve a free, suspended state for the workpiece 9, freeing it from rigid external constraints. It achieves a balance between the magnetic levitation degree of freedom and the constraint of the fixture 10, preventing workpiece 9 from shifting without damaging the wall surface of the thin-walled workpiece 9.

[0022] The fixed frame 1 includes an operating platform 101 and a support rod 102 providing support. The operating platform 101 has an operating hole 11 at its center for the magnetic levitation system to pass through. A support component 12 is installed at the bottom of the operating platform 101. The bottom of the grinding rod 4 is movably mounted on the support component 12. A first motor 13 for driving the grinding rod 4 to rotate is mounted on the support component 12. Specifically, the first motor 13 is mounted on the support component 12, which also has a limiting plate for limiting the grinding rod 4. The grinding rod 4 is limited to the limiting plate by a bushing (it cannot move longitudinally but can rotate radially). The output shaft of the first motor 13 faces upwards and has a transmission component, preferably a gear. A gear adapted to this gear is located at the bottom of the grinding rod 4. The two gears mesh to achieve rotation control of the grinding rod 4 by the first motor 13.

[0023] The operating platform 101 is also equipped with a cylinder assembly, which includes a positioning seat 14, a truss 15, a cylinder pump 16, and a second motor 17. The cylinder pump 16 is installed on the operating platform 101, and the second motor 17 is connected to the cylinder pump 16.

[0024] The positioning cylinder 14 includes two units. A truss 15 is positioned above the positioning cylinder 14. The truss 15 has an inverted U-shaped structure. Both ends of the truss 15 pass through the positioning cylinder 14 from top to bottom and are connected to mounting plates 18. The output shaft of the cylinder pump 16 is fixedly connected to the truss 15. The mounting plates 18 are connected to the magnetic levitation base 2. Specifically, when the second motor 17 operates, it drives the cylinder pump 16 to reciprocate up and down. Since the output shaft of the cylinder pump 16 is fixedly connected to the truss 15, it controls the periodic up and down movement of the truss 15. Both ends of the truss 15 pass through the operating platform 101 and are connected to the mounting plates 18, thus enabling the mounting plates 18 to move up and down.

[0025] A connecting rod passing through the operating hole 11 is connected below the magnetic levitation base 2. The second motor 17 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod via a transmission mechanism, and the second motor 17 drives the magnetic levitation base 2 to rotate. Specifically, the grinding rod 4 is mounted on the limiting plate, and the gear at the bottom of the grinding rod 4 meshes with the gear on the first motor 13, driving the grinding rod 4 to rotate. That is, when the first motor 13 is working, it drives the grinding rod 4 to rotate. At the same time, a gear is also provided on the output shaft of the second motor 17, and a gear that meshes with the gear is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod. That is, the rotation of the second motor 17 can drive the radial rotation of the magnetic levitation base 2. Since the magnetic levitation base 2 is mounted on the mounting plate 18, when the mounting plate 18 moves up and down, the magnetic levitation base 2 moves up and down accordingly. In other words, the second motor 17 can both drive the cylinder pump 16 to move up and down and control the rotation of the magnetic levitation base 2 through the rotation of its output shaft. The torque output by the first motor 13 is converted into vertical linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic levitation base 2. Through the attraction between the magnets on the inner wall of the magnetic levitation base 2 and the magnets on the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture 3, and the repulsion between the top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2 and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture 3, the entire magnetic levitation base 2 moves up and down as the cylinder pump 16 moves, controlling the grinding operation between the inner cavity wall of the workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4. The magnetic levitation base 2 and the grinding rod 4 rotate in opposite directions, increasing the friction between the workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4 during the grinding process, thereby improving the efficiency of grinding and cutting.

[0026] To achieve the above functions, the meshing relationship of each gear is a technical means well known to those skilled in the art, and its meshing relationship is not the core technical solution of this application, so the specific connection structure will not be described in detail.

[0027] An electronic control system 19 is installed at the bottom of the fixed frame 1. The electronic control system 19 is connected to the first motor 13 and the second motor 17. Specifically, the electronic control system 19 coordinates and synchronizes the movement of each actuator. By collecting signals such as motor speed and displacement of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 in real time, it performs closed-loop regulation of the grinding process, thereby making the operation of the whole machine more intelligent and stable.

[0028] Example 2, based on Example 1, proposes a grinding method for a magnetic levitation grinding machine, including the following steps: A grinding method using a magnetic levitation grinder includes the following steps: S1: Take the workpiece 9 to be processed in the inner cavity, put the workpiece 9 on the grinding rod 4, and fix it on the magnetic levitation fixture 3 by the clamp 10; S2: The magnetic levitation fixture 3 is suspended within the magnetic levitation base 2 under the repulsive force of the magnets; S3: Start the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 to drive the magnetic levitation base 2 to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, and at the same time drive the magnetic levitation fixture 3 to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece 9 can reciprocate and grind while only contacting the grinding rod 4. S4: Repeat step S3 above until the surface of the workpiece 9 reaches the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements.

[0029] This application utilizes a magnetic levitation fixture 3 to rotate the workpiece 9, a first motor 13 to drive the grinding rod 4 to rotate, and a second motor 17 to drive the vertical movement of the magnetic levitation base 2, thereby causing the magnetic levitation fixture 3 to reciprocate linearly along the axial direction of the grinding rod 4. Since both the workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4 rotate in opposite directions, the friction between the product and the grinding rod 4 is increased, thus improving the grinding and cutting efficiency.

[0030] In this application, the magnetic levitation fixture 3 does not directly clamp the wall of the workpiece 9, but uses the shoulder connected to the periphery of the workpiece 9 for clamping and fixing. For workpieces 9 with thin walls or long and narrow holes, it can avoid the hard wear and damage to the workpiece 9 by traditional rigid fixtures, thereby ensuring the yield of thin-walled parts and maintaining product performance and assembly accuracy.

[0031] The magnetic levitation fixture 3 of this application is not directly connected to the moving mechanism, but achieves reciprocating linear motion in the vertical direction by means of the magnetic repulsive force brought by the magnetic levitation base 2 which is directly connected to the moving mechanism and the gravity of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 itself.

[0032] Example 3, based on Example 2, presents detailed operational procedures for a grinding method using a magnetic levitation grinding machine.

[0033] S1: The operator first slides the workpiece 9 along the axial direction of the grinding rod 4, ensuring that the shoulder of the workpiece 9 is aligned with the opening of the clamp 10. Then, the retaining ring 1002 is rotated clockwise, applying a slight clamping force to the shoulder of the workpiece 9 through its built-in elastic pre-tightening structure, while the retaining sleeve 1001 provides radial guidance for the workpiece 9. At this point, the workpiece 9 is constrained to a small extent in both the axial and radial directions, but its wall surface is not compressed, thus ensuring both the initial positioning accuracy during subsequent levitation and avoiding extrusion deformation of the thin-walled workpiece 9.

[0034] S2: After workpiece 9 slides in and the retaining ring 1002 is rotated and tightened, workpiece 9 automatically achieves stable levitation between itself and the magnetic levitation base 2 under the influence of gravity. The initial gap between the magnetic levitation base 2 and the magnetic levitation fixture 3 is determined by the balance of gravity and magnetic pole repulsion. The operator starts the electronic control system 19, which, through monitoring, controls the movement of the magnetic levitation base 2 to adjust the initial position of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 on the grinding rod 4. At this time, the first magnet 5 and the fourth magnet 8 generate repulsive force, and the second magnet 6 and the third magnet 7 generate attractive force. In addition, the electronic control system 19 is also equipped with a height sensor to monitor the levitation height of the magnetic levitation fixture 3 in real time and intervene when errors or deviations occur.

[0035] S3: Start the first motor 13 to rotate the grinding rod 4 at 1000-3000 rpm. The electronic control system 19 drives the second motor 17 at a preset frequency of 1-5 Hz to move the magnetic levitation base 2 up and down reciprocally. During the reciprocating motion, the grinding rod 4 contacts the inner wall of the workpiece 9, and the forward rotation of the grinding rod 4 enhances the cutting.

[0036] S4: After each reciprocating cycle, the electronic control system 19 reads the data from the inner diameter sensor and the surface roughness probe, and compares it with the set targets (such as inner diameter tolerance ±1µm, Ra≤0.1µm). If any parameter exceeds the tolerance, the system automatically issues a command to continue grinding. When all indicators meet the requirements, the controller issues a stop command, sequentially shutting down the first motor 13 and the second motor 17, achieving static suspension of the workpiece 9, ready for unloading.

[0037] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation grinding machine, comprising a fixed frame (1), characterized in that: A magnetic levitation system is installed on the fixed frame (1). The magnetic levitation system includes a magnetic levitation base (2), a magnetic levitation fixture (3), and a grinding rod (4). The magnetic levitation base (2) is a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and an axially penetrating bottom center. The magnetic levitation fixture (3) is axially penetrating and movably disposed in the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2). The top surface and inner wall of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2) are respectively provided with a first magnet (5) and a second magnet (6). The bottom surface and outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) are respectively provided with a third magnet (7) and a fourth magnet (8). The first magnet (5) and the third magnet (7) repel each other, while the second magnet (6) and the fourth magnet (8) attract each other. The workpiece (9) to be processed is fixed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3). The grinding rod (4) passes through the through hole of the magnetic levitation base (2) and the inner cavity of the workpiece (9) from bottom to top.

2. The magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2) is surrounded by a number of first magnets (5), and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) is surrounded by a number of third magnets (7). The number of first magnets (5) and the number of third magnets (7) are arranged at equal intervals.

3. The magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the magnetic levitation base (2) is surrounded by a number of second magnets (6), and the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) is surrounded by a number of fourth magnets (8). The number of second magnets (6) and the number of fourth magnets (8) are arranged at equal intervals, and the number of second magnets (6) and the number of fourth magnets (8) constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism.

4. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixture (10) for fixing the workpiece (9). The fixture (10) is set at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3). The fixture (10) includes a fixing sleeve (1001) and a fixing ring (1002). The fixing sleeve (1001) is fixed to the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) and has an axial through structure. The fixing ring (1002) can be adapted to be installed on the fixing sleeve (1001). The center of the fixing ring (1002) is provided with an opening for the workpiece (9) to pass through.

5. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed frame (1) includes an operating platform (101) and a support rod (102) for providing support. The operating platform (101) has an operating hole (11) in the center for the magnetic levitation system to pass through. A support component (12) is installed at the bottom of the operating platform (101). The bottom of the grinding rod (4) is movably mounted on the support component (12). A first motor (13) for driving the grinding rod (4) to rotate is provided on the support component (12).

6. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operating platform (101) is also provided with a cylinder assembly, which includes a positioning seat (14), a truss (15), a cylinder pump (16), and a second motor (17). The cylinder pump (16) is installed on the operating platform (101), and the second motor (17) is connected to the cylinder pump (16).

7. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning cylinder (14) includes two, the truss (15) is set above the positioning cylinder (14), the truss (15) is an inverted U-shaped structure, the two ends of the truss (15) pass through the positioning cylinder (14) from top to bottom and are connected to the mounting plate (18), the output shaft of the cylinder pump (16) is fixed to the truss (15), and the mounting plate (18) is connected to the magnetic levitation base (2).

8. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic levitation base (2) is connected to a connecting rod that passes through the operation hole (11). The second motor (17) is connected to the connecting rod through a transmission mechanism and drives the magnetic levitation base (2) to rotate.

9. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: An electronic control system (19) is installed at the bottom of the fixed frame (1), and the electronic control system (19) is connected to the first motor (13) and the second motor (17) respectively.

10. A grinding method using a magnetic levitation grinder according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Take the workpiece (9) of the inner cavity to be processed, put the workpiece (9) on the grinding rod (4), and fix it on the magnetic levitation fixture (3) by the clamp (10); S2: Make the magnetic levitation fixture (3) levitate within the magnetic levitation base (2) under the repulsive force of the magnets; S3: Start the first motor (13) and the second motor (17) to drive the magnetic levitation base (2) to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, and at the same time drive the magnetic levitation fixture (3) to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece (9) can be reciprocated and ground in contact with the grinding rod (4); S4: Repeat step S3 above until the surface of the workpiece (9) reaches the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements.

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