Soil conditioner preparation method based on farmland obstacle factor elimination

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a preparation method of a soil conditioner based on farmland obstacle factor elimination, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a material for fermentation into a fermentation tank; performing aerobic fermentation on the materials, and performing periodic stirring; temperature detection is conducted on materials at different depths in the tank body, temperature data of different positions are obtained, the ammonia gas concentration in the tank body and the material amount in the tank body are obtained, and the obtained data are integrated so that the period duration of periodic stirring can be determined; the materials in the fermentation tank are regularly sampled and detected, and fermentation is determined to be completed when the detected sample fermentation degree reaches the standard. Based on the ammonia concentration, the temperature distribution and the material quantity, an ammonia influence value, a temperature influence value and a material influence value are calculated, the stirring period is adaptively adjusted, and the fermentation uniformity and efficiency are ensured. Efficient decomposition of organic components is achieved, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, and more particularly to a method for preparing soil conditioners based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors. Background Technology

[0002] Soil conditioners, also known as soil amendments, are materials that improve soil physical properties and promote crop nutrient absorption without providing nutrients to plants themselves. The working principle of soil conditioners is to bind many small soil particles together to form larger, water-stable aggregates. They are widely used to prevent soil erosion, reduce soil moisture evaporation or excessive transpiration, conserve irrigation water, and promote healthy plant growth.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN110330977A discloses a method for preparing a soil conditioner and the soil conditioner itself. This method involves uniformly mixing a cellulose-degrading microbial agent with a fermentation substrate and then composting it. During the first fermentation, the compost pile rapidly heats up, quickly degrading lignocellulose substances in the substrate. When the pile temperature begins to drop, a second fermentation is performed using a first functional microbial agent and wood vinegar. During the second fermentation, the pile temperature rises again. When the pile temperature begins to drop again, a second functional microbial agent, chitosan, and fucoidan are added, and a third fermentation is carried out by turning and stirring the pile. Therefore, the preparation method of the soil conditioner has the following problems: During the fermentation process, no different adjustment modes were designed for the stirring frequency according to the progress of fermentation, resulting in poor fermentation speed and fermentation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides a method for preparing soil conditioners based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors, in order to overcome the problems of poor fermentation speed and fermentation effect in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors, comprising, Add the materials to be fermented into the fermentation tank; The materials undergo aerobic fermentation and are periodically stirred. Temperature of materials at different depths inside the tank is measured to obtain temperature data at different locations. The ammonia concentration and material volume inside the tank are also obtained. The obtained data are integrated to determine the cycle duration of the periodic stirring. Among them, the cycle duration of the periodic stirring is determined by the acquired temperature data, including determining the cycle duration by the temperature distribution difference and determining the cycle duration by the average temperature change amplitude; The material in the fermentation tank is sampled and tested regularly. Fermentation is considered complete when the sample is found to have reached the required level of fermentation.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes, After fermentation, the material is dried and pulverized to produce organic components; A soil conditioner is prepared by mixing organic components, inorganic components, microbial agents, water-retaining agents, and trace elements in a certain proportion. The mixture is dried to form a soil conditioner, which is then processed into granules using a granulator. The inorganic components include zeolite and bentonite powder; Microbial agents are beneficial microbial flora.

[0007] Furthermore, the acquired data is integrated, including... The different concentrations of ammonia have different degrees of influence on the cycle duration of the periodic stirring. The ammonia influence value of the cycle duration is determined based on the ammonia concentration. The ammonia effect value is the product of the ammonia concentration and the ammonia compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for ammonia is the compensation coefficient for the effect of ammonia concentration on the ammonia value under different ammonia concentrations. The value of the compensation coefficient for ammonia is determined by the ammonia concentration.

[0008] Furthermore, the integration of the acquired data also includes, The amount of material affects the cycle duration of the periodic mixing to varying degrees, and the material influence value of the cycle duration is determined based on the amount of material. The material impact value is the product of the material quantity and the material compensation coefficient; The material compensation coefficient is the compensation coefficient for the influence of the quantity of material on the material value under different material quantities. The value of the material compensation coefficient is determined by the capacity of the storage tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the integration of the acquired data also includes, By installing temperature sensors at different heights on the side wall of the tank, the temperature of materials at different depths inside the tank is detected, and the temperature distribution difference and average temperature change range on the inner wall of the tank are determined to determine the temperature influence value. The first parameter for the temperature influence value is determined by the average temperature change within this period. The second parameter of the temperature influence value is determined by the difference in temperature distribution; The temperature influence value is the sum of the first parameter and the second parameter of the temperature influence value.

[0010] Further, the determination of the first parameter of the temperature influence value based on the temperature change within the current cycle includes, The average temperature inside the entire fermenter at the beginning and end of any cycle is measured to determine the temperature rise index. Compare the temperature rise index and the temperature rise evaluation value to determine whether it is necessary to calculate the first parameter of the temperature influence value; If the temperature rise index is greater than the temperature rise evaluation value, then the first parameter of the temperature influence value needs to be calculated using the temperature rise index and the compensation coefficient of the temperature rise index on the first parameter of the temperature influence value. If the temperature rise index is less than or equal to the temperature rise evaluation value, then the value of the first parameter of the temperature influence value is directly set to 0; The temperature rise evaluation value is determined by the size of the current cycle; the longer the working stirring cycle, the smaller the temperature rise evaluation value. The temperature rise index is the difference between the ending temperature and the initial temperature. The initial temperature is the average temperature on the inner wall of the tank at the beginning of the cycle, and the ending temperature is the average temperature on the inner wall of the tank at the end of the cycle.

[0011] Further, the determination of the second parameter of temperature influence value through the difference in temperature distribution includes, The average temperature at different locations inside the tank during any given period is obtained to determine the fermentation difference; The second parameter of the temperature influence value is determined by the product of the fermentation difference and the fermentation compensation coefficient; Wherein, the fermentation compensation coefficient is the compensation coefficient for the second parameter of the effect of fermentation difference on temperature under different fermentation differences, and the magnitude of the fermentation compensation coefficient is determined by the fermentation difference; The fermentation difference is the difference between the vigorous temperature and the mild temperature. The vigorous temperature is the temperature below the inner wall of the tank, and the mild temperature is the temperature above the inner wall of the tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the duration of the periodic stirring cycle is determined, including: Design a comprehensive impact model that defines a piecewise function for the working mixing cycle, and determines its calculation method based on the value of the material impact. When the material impact value is greater than or equal to 1, the working mixing cycle is determined by the quotient of the basic mixing cycle and the comprehensive impact value. When the material influence value is less than 1, the working mixing cycle is directly equal to the basic mixing cycle. The comprehensive impact value is the sum of the impact values ​​of temperature, ammonia, and materials.

[0013] Soil conditioners that reduce obstacles to arable land and enhance productivity. The materials involved in fermentation include humic acid, biochar, and fermented plant straw. The weight ratio of humic acid to biochar to fermented plant straw is (10-20): (15-25): (20-30). Materials that did not participate in fermentation include inorganic components, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, beneficial microbial flora, water-retaining agents, and trace elements; The weight ratio of inorganic components: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer: beneficial microbial flora: water-retaining agent: trace elements = (10-15): (5-10): (1-3): (2-5): (0.5-1); The weight ratio coefficient between the materials participating in fermentation and those not participating in fermentation is consistent; The inorganic components include zeolite and bentonite; Trace elements include zinc and boron.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in that the design of the comprehensive influence model fully considers the combined effects of three different interference factors, ensuring that the stirring cycle meets actual needs. When the amount of material is small and its influence value is low, the basic stirring cycle is not adjusted, avoiding excessively long working stirring cycles and intervals due to insufficient material, which could prevent timely stirring. When the amount of material exceeds the standard amount, the stirring cycle length is appropriately reduced using this formula, allowing fermentation to continue efficiently.

[0015] Furthermore, the urgency of ammonia adjustment is analyzed based on its concentration. When the ammonia concentration is low, it is considered an unavoidable phenomenon during production and will not affect the fermentation effect. When the ammonia concentration is slightly high, the urgency of adjustment is moderate, and a small ammonia influence value is set to adjust the stirring cycle. When the ammonia concentration is very high, the urgency of adjustment intensifies, and a larger ammonia influence value is set to adjust the stirring cycle. By determining the urgency of stirring cycle adjustment based on different ammonia concentrations, and adjusting the stirring cycle in a tiered manner according to the urgency, the response rate of adjustment can be greatly improved, misjudgments during the adjustment process can be reduced, the accuracy of adjustment can be increased, nutrient loss during fermentation can be avoided, and fertility can be improved.

[0016] Furthermore, if the temperature rise index suddenly increases, the stirring cycle is shortened by increasing the temperature influence value to force heat dissipation and prevent the temperature from exceeding the threshold and inhibiting microbial activity. When the temperature rise index is normal, there is no need for excessive adjustment. This adjustment method ensures that there will be no frequent adjustment commands during normal heating, reducing the machine's failure rate. When the temperature rise is abnormal, the abnormal data can be transmitted to the adjustment module in a timely manner to adjust the stirring cycle, eliminate excessive heat generated locally, and enable fermentation to proceed efficiently. Multiple temperature sensors, vertically distributed along the inner wall of the tank, simultaneously monitor the temperatures at the top and bottom, calculating the fermentation difference. This directly reflects the thermal zone shift caused by uneven oxygen distribution, and the difference in microbial activity is reflected by the thermal shift. Different compensation coefficients are selected for different fermentation differences. When the fermentation difference is less than 0.2, the oxygen mobility in the fermenting material is considered very good, and there is no need to consider the interference of temperature on the temperature value caused by fermentation, and excessive stirring should be avoided to prevent interference with the natural fermentation process. When the fermentation difference is between 0.2 and 3, the fermentation difference begins to gradually increase, and the difference in fermentation progress between the upper and lower layers caused by the fermentation difference is considered. The temperature influence value is slowly adjusted to gradually balance the reaction rates of the upper and lower layers. When the fermentation difference is greater than 3, the temperature influence value is rapidly increased, the stirring cycle is significantly shortened, and the materials between the upper and lower layers are forcibly mixed, so that the thermal zone difference is quickly eliminated within a small range of axial temperature control.

[0017] Dual regulation covers the entire fermentation stage. In the initial high-temperature stage, the first parameter suppresses overall temperature rise and prevents "burning." In the mid-to-late stable stage, the second parameter eliminates local temperature differences, ensuring uniform composting. This shortens the composting cycle to 15-20 days, significantly increases production capacity, improves humus content, and stabilizes the seed germination index at 90%-95%. When external factors simultaneously cause anomalies in both parameters, superimposed compensation quickly restores steady state. Even under fluctuating ambient temperatures, the tank temperature remains stable within the target range. Recovery time under extreme conditions is significantly reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the soil conditioner preparation method based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the temperature influence coefficient as described in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination process for the temperature influence coefficient described in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fermenter structure described in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the soil conditioner preparation method based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the temperature influence coefficient as described in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination process for the temperature influence coefficient described in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fermenter structure described in this embodiment.

[0024] The present invention provides a soil conditioner for reducing arable land obstacles and increasing productivity, comprising, The materials involved in fermentation include humic acid, biochar, and fermented plant straw. The weight ratio of humic acid to biochar to fermented plant straw is (10-20): (15-25): (20-30). Materials that did not participate in fermentation include inorganic components, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, beneficial microbial flora, water-retaining agents, and trace elements; The weight ratio of inorganic components: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer: beneficial microbial flora: water-retaining agent: trace elements = (10-15): (5-10): (1-3): (2-5): (0.5-1); The weight ratio coefficient between the fermenting material and the non-fermenting material is consistent, that is, 10-20 parts by weight of humic acid are added for fermentation, and 10-15 parts by weight of inorganic components are added for mixing after fermentation is completed. The inorganic components include zeolite and bentonite; Trace elements include zinc and boron.

[0025] The present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors, comprising, Add the materials to be fermented into the fermentation tank; The materials undergo aerobic fermentation and are periodically stirred. Temperature of materials at different depths inside the tank is measured to obtain temperature data at different locations. The ammonia concentration and material volume inside the tank are also obtained. The obtained data are integrated to determine the cycle duration of the periodic stirring. Among them, the cycle duration of the periodic stirring is determined by the acquired temperature data, including determining the cycle duration by the temperature distribution difference and determining the cycle duration by the average temperature change amplitude; The fermentation progress is monitored by periodically sampling the materials in the fermentation tank. Fermentation is considered complete when the sample reaches the required level of fermentation.

[0026] Specifically, the ammonia concentration and the temperature of the inner wall of the tank are obtained through detection devices installed at various locations within the tank, including... The ammonia concentration is obtained by an ammonia detector 5 installed on the inner wall of the tank. The temperature at different locations on the inner wall of the tank is obtained by setting up several temperature sensors 6 vertically along the inner wall of the tank. Setting the ammonia gas detector on the inner wall of the tank can prevent inaccurate detection caused by the material adhering to its surface during the feeding process. Vertically setting several temperature sensors along the inner wall of the tank can detect the overall temperature gradient of the material, obtain more valuable data, provide more data for confirming the fermentation status, and make the stirring cycle adjustment of the fermentation process more precise.

[0027] Specifically, the influence values ​​of ammonia, temperature, and materials are determined by the ammonia concentration, the temperature of the tank's inner wall, and the amount of material. The influence value b of ammonia gas is determined by the ammonia concentration. The temperature influence value c is determined by the temperature at different locations on the inner wall of the tank; The material's influence value 'a' is determined by the quantity of the material. Design a comprehensive influence model that combines the influence values ​​of ammonia (b), temperature (c), and material (a) on the basic mixing cycle K, and calculate the working mixing cycle T. Among them, the larger the ammonia influence value b, the smaller the working stirring cycle T; the larger the temperature influence value c, the smaller the working stirring cycle T; the larger the material influence value a, the smaller the working stirring cycle T; the smaller the ammonia influence value b, the larger the working stirring cycle T; the smaller the temperature influence value c, the larger the working stirring cycle T; and the smaller the material influence value a, the larger the working stirring cycle T.

[0028]

[0029] In this embodiment, the value of the basic stirring cycle K is set to the interval of each stirring group as 10 hours; During a certain period of a certain operation in this embodiment, the material influence value was 1.2, the temperature influence value was 0.3, and the ammonia influence value was 0. The stirring cycle at this time is:

[0030] The comprehensive influence model fully considers the combined effects of three different interference factors, ensuring the mixing cycle meets actual requirements. When the material quantity is small and its influence value is low, the basic mixing cycle is not adjusted to avoid excessively long working mixing cycles or intervals due to insufficient material, which could prevent timely mixing. When the material quantity exceeds the standard material quantity, the mixing cycle length is appropriately reduced using this formula, ensuring fermentation continues to proceed efficiently.

[0031] Specifically, the influence value b of ammonia gas is determined by the ammonia concentration, including: Ammonia may be produced when nitrogen-containing organic matter in organic fertilizer decomposes. Proteins are broken down into amino acids by microorganisms, and further decomposition of amino acids may release ammonia. If the fermentation process is not properly controlled, such as due to unsuitable material density, humidity, or excessively high temperature, the amount of ammonia produced will increase. Therefore, when an increase in ammonia concentration (n) is detected, it is very likely that there are problems such as high material density or excessively high temperature. Thus, when the ammonia concentration increases, the working stirring cycle (T) should be appropriately reduced by increasing the ammonia influence value (b). The compensation coefficient e is used to calculate the effect of ammonia concentration n and the ammonia concentration n at different concentrations on the ammonia value b. i The product of (i=1, 2, 3) is used to confirm the influence value b of ammonia. b = n × e i When 0 < n < 0.01, e1 = 0 When 0.01 ≤ n ≤ 0.05, e² = 10 When 0.05 < n, e3 = 20 In this embodiment, the concentration of ammonia was detected to be 0.008 during a certain time period, and the influence value of ammonia concentration at this time was: b = n × e i =0.008×0=0 Based on the ammonia concentration, the urgency of adjustment is analyzed. When the ammonia concentration is 0 < n < 0.01, the ammonia concentration is too low, which is considered an unavoidable phenomenon in the production process and will not affect the fermentation effect. When the ammonia concentration is 0.01 ≤ n ≤ 0.05, the ammonia concentration is slightly high, and the urgency of adjustment is moderate. A small ammonia influence value is set to adjust the stirring cycle. When the ammonia concentration is 0.05 < n, the ammonia concentration is very high, and the urgency of adjustment is intensified. A larger ammonia influence value is set to adjust the stirring cycle.

[0032] By determining the urgency of stirring cycle adjustment through different ammonia concentrations, and adjusting the stirring cycle in stages according to the urgency, the response rate of adjustment can be greatly improved, the loss of nutrients during fermentation can be avoided, and fertility can be enhanced.

[0033] Specifically, the temperature influence value c is determined by measuring the temperature at different locations on the inner wall of the tank, including... Typically, the temperature rises rapidly in the early stages of fermentation because microorganisms decompose organic matter and release heat. This temperature change is rapid, usually reaching its peak within a few days. Subsequently, as the organic matter is gradually decomposed and transformed, the temperature begins to gradually decrease. This stage usually lasts for weeks or months, depending on factors such as the compost material, humidity, and pH level. During the temperature drop, the organic matter continues to decompose and transform, eventually forming stable humus. Therefore, to avoid excessive temperature rise in the early stages of fermentation, which could exceed the preset fermentation temperature range and inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms and the fermentation rate, thus reducing the fermentation effect, it is necessary to monitor the overall temperature in real time during fermentation. If the temperature rises too rapidly, the stirring frequency should be increased appropriately to release the accumulated internal heat through stirring. For this period T b The initial and final temperatures are measured. The average temperature of each temperature sensor on the inner wall of the tank at the beginning of the cycle is taken as the initial temperature t1 (the average temperature of the material inside the tank at a certain moment is represented by the average temperature at different locations on the inner wall of the tank; note the distinction from the severe temperature mentioned below). The average temperature of each temperature sensor on the inner wall of the tank at the end of the cycle is taken as the final temperature t2. The temperature rise index Δt is determined by the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature. The magnitude of the temperature rise index and the temperature rise evaluation value are compared to determine whether the first parameter c1 of the temperature influence value needs to be calculated. If the temperature rise index Δt is greater than the temperature rise evaluation value t p Then, the first parameter of the temperature influence value needs to be calculated using the temperature rise index and the compensation coefficient of the temperature rise index on the first parameter of the temperature influence value. If the temperature rise index Δt is less than or equal to the temperature rise evaluation value t pThen the value of the first parameter of the temperature effect value is directly 0;

[0034] Where q is the compensation coefficient for the first parameter of the temperature rise index's influence on the temperature value; Among them, the temperature rise evaluation value is determined by the current working stirring cycle T. b Determine the working stirring cycle T. b The larger the value, the smaller the temperature rise evaluation value; In this embodiment, within a certain time period, the initial temperature t1 of the current cycle is 52 degrees, the ending temperature t2 is 52.3 degrees, the q value is set to 0.1, and the temperature rise evaluation value t p =1; Under these conditions, the temperature rise index is: Δt = t2 - t1 = 0.3 The temperature rise index is lower than the temperature rise assessment value; Δt<t p The first parameter c1 of the temperature effect value is 0.

[0035] In some cases, uneven temperature distribution may occur. This is because oxygen is introduced from the bottom of the tank, and the microorganisms at the bottom always receive a higher concentration of oxygen. As a result, the reaction is much more intense than at the top, generating more heat. Therefore, in order to make the fermentation degree in the entire tank more uniform, it is necessary to determine the difference in reaction intensity based on the temperature difference between the microorganisms at the top and the bottom, and adjust the stirring cycle accordingly to make the fermentation degree of the material in the entire tank more uniform.

[0036] The average temperature t is taken as the temperature of the temperature sensor above the inner wall of the tank during the current cycle. s (The average temperature of the material above the tank is represented by the temperature sensor above the tank over the entire cycle), and the average temperature of the material above the tank is taken as the fermentation temperature t during the cycle from the temperature sensor below the inner wall of the tank. j , using intense temperature t j With mild temperature t s The difference is taken as the fermentation difference Δf; When the fermentation difference is large, the working stirring cycle T can be appropriately reduced by increasing the second parameter c2 of the temperature influence value. Δf=t j -t s The compensation coefficient z for the effect of fermentation difference Δf and the second parameter c2 on the temperature effect under different fermentation differences was used. i The product of (i=1, 2, 3) is used to confirm the second parameter c2 of the temperature influence value; c2=Δf×zi When 0 < Δf < 0.2, z1 = 0 When 0.2 ≤ Δf ≤ 3, z2 = 0.1 When 3 < Δf, z3 = 0.3 In this embodiment, the mean temperature t within the current period is... s 50 degrees, intense temperature t j It is 53 degrees. Under these conditions, fermentation is poor. Δf = 53 - 50 = 3 The second parameter of temperature influence value c2=Δf×z i =3 × 0.1 = 0.3 Specifically, the determination of the temperature effect value c includes, Since the temperature influence value c is affected by both temperature rise and fermentation difference, and the two are independent of each other, the temperature influence value is determined by the sum of the first parameter of the temperature influence value and the second parameter of the temperature influence value c2.

[0037] c = c1 + c2 During the aforementioned time period, the temperature effect value was: c = c1 + c2 = 0 + 0.3 = 0.3 If the temperature rise index suddenly increases, the stirring cycle is shortened by increasing the temperature influence value to force heat dissipation and prevent the temperature from exceeding the threshold and inhibiting microbial activity. When the temperature rise index is normal, there is no need to make too many adjustments. This adjustment method ensures that there will be no frequent adjustment commands during the normal heating process, reducing the machine's failure rate. When the temperature rise is abnormal, the abnormal data can be transmitted to the adjustment module in a timely manner to adjust the stirring cycle, eliminate excessive heat generated locally, and enable fermentation to proceed efficiently. Multiple temperature sensors, vertically distributed along the inner wall of the tank, simultaneously monitor the temperatures at the top and bottom, calculating the fermentation difference. This directly reflects the thermal zone shift caused by uneven oxygen distribution, and the difference in microbial activity is reflected by the thermal shift. Different compensation coefficients are selected for different fermentation differences. When the fermentation difference is less than 0.2, the oxygen mobility in the fermenting material is considered very good, and there is no need to consider the interference of temperature on the temperature value caused by fermentation, and excessive stirring should be avoided to prevent interference with the natural fermentation process. When the fermentation difference is between 0.2 and 3, the fermentation difference begins to gradually increase, and the difference in fermentation progress between the upper and lower layers caused by the fermentation difference is considered. The temperature influence value is slowly adjusted to gradually balance the reaction rates of the upper and lower layers. When the fermentation difference is greater than 3, the temperature influence value is rapidly increased, the stirring cycle is significantly shortened, and the materials between the upper and lower layers are forcibly mixed, so that the thermal zone difference is quickly eliminated within a small range of axial temperature control.

[0038] Dual regulation covers the entire fermentation stage. In the initial high-temperature stage, the first parameter suppresses overall temperature rise and prevents "burning." In the mid-to-late stable stage, the second parameter eliminates local temperature differences, ensuring uniform composting. This shortens the composting cycle to 15-20 days, significantly increases production capacity, improves humus content, and stabilizes the seed germination index at 90%-95%. When external factors simultaneously cause anomalies in both parameters, superimposed compensation quickly restores steady state. Even under fluctuating ambient temperatures, the tank temperature remains stable within the target range. Recovery time under extreme conditions (such as restarting after a power outage) is significantly reduced.

[0039] Specifically, the material influence value 'a' is determined by the quantity of the material, including: Because the amount of material is directly related to the mixing effect of the mixing process, the more material there is, the worse the mixing and heat dissipation effect of the material per unit time during the mixing process. The amount of material m is directly proportional to the material influence value a. Therefore, the material influence value a is determined by multiplying the amount of material by the compensation value p of the material influence value. a = m × p Where p is a compensation parameter for the impact of material quantity on material value, which limits the value of material quantity. If the value of material quantity is greater than the maximum capacity of the fermentation tank, fermentation cannot proceed and an error is reported to the staff.

[0040] In this embodiment, the maximum capacity of the fermentation tank is 2 tons, and the volume under rated working conditions is 1.5 tons. Let the p value be 0.667.

[0041] The amount of material added during a certain fermentation was 1.8 tons, and its material impact value was: a = m × p = 1.8 × 0.667 = 1.2 Specifically, the method for preparing soil conditioners based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors also includes, Step 1, the preparation of organic components, includes crushing plant straw to 2-5 mm, mixing it with humic acid and biochar in a certain proportion; adding an appropriate amount of water to adjust the moisture content to 50%-60%, carrying out aerobic fermentation, controlling the temperature at 50-60℃, and the fermentation cycle is 15-20 days. After fermentation, dry and crush into 1-2mm particles for later use.

[0042] Step 2, preparation of inorganic components, includes pulverizing zeolite and bentonite to 0.5-1 mm and mixing them evenly with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in a certain proportion.

[0043] Step 3 involves the preparation of microbial agents, including mixing beneficial microbial communities such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in a certain proportion, inoculating them into a sterile culture medium, and culturing them until the bacterial concentration reaches 10^8-10^9 CFU / mL.

[0044] Step 4, mixing and granulation, includes mixing organic components, inorganic components, microbial agents, water-retaining agents, and trace elements in proportion; using a granulator to make the mixture into particles with a particle size of 2-4 mm, and drying until the moisture content is less than 10%.

[0045] Step 5, packaging and storage, includes sealing the finished modifier in a package and storing it in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and high temperatures.

[0046] Specifically, the crushing of plant straw includes, Whole sections of plant stalks are placed into the feeding platform of the straw crusher. The feeding mechanism automatically pulls the whole sections of plant stalks placed on the feeding platform into the straw crusher and passes them to the cutting mechanism. The cutting mechanism cuts the whole sections of plant stalks into small sections, which are then crushed by the straw crushing mechanism into 2-5mm particles. The feeding platform is part of the feeding mechanism of the straw crusher. It is a smooth platform with one end smooth and unobstructed for feeding, and the other end is equipped with upper and lower rollers to pull the whole sections of plant stalks into the straw crusher. By crushing straw, the biodegradation process is accelerated. The surface area of ​​2mm particles is about 10^4 times larger than that of whole straw, the contact area with microorganisms is expanded, the cellulose exposure rate is significantly increased, the decomposition cycle is shortened, and the production cycle of organic components is greatly shortened.

[0047] Specifically, the packing material is prepared for fermentation, including... The crushed plant straw is put into the fermentation tank through the feed inlet 3, and humic acid and biochar are added into the fermentation tank in proportion. The amount of water to be injected is determined based on the amount of fermentation material put into the tank. The water content of the fermentation material is kept at 50%-60% by controlling the amount of water injected. After determining the amount of water to be injected, water is injected into the tank through the feed inlet 3. During the water injection process, the amount of water injected is measured by the level gauge to control the accuracy of the water injection. By precisely controlling the moisture content, optimal humidity conditions are created for microbial activity, significantly improving the efficiency of cellulose decomposition. The addition of humic acid enhances microbial metabolic activity, while biochar improves pore structure and strengthens oxygen diffusion, creating a synergistic effect.

[0048] After filling is complete, close inlet 3 to seal the fermenter; The stirring device 7, installed inside the storage tank, is started at a preset working time and power level. It thoroughly stirs the packing material while isolating it from the outside air, ensuring that the packing material is fully mixed. After the stirring process is completed, open the air inlet pipe 1 located at the bottom of the tank and turn on the vacuum pump located on the air inlet pipe 1 with a preset power to introduce air into the fermentation tank at a preset flow rate. Open the exhaust pipe 2 to discharge the gas produced during fermentation through the exhaust pipe 2 at the top of the fermentation tank; While mixing is complete, turn on the constant temperature water tank outside the mixing tank to heat the water in the tank until the fermentation temperature reaches the target range and maintain that temperature for fermentation. During the fermentation process, the material is stirred periodically by the fermentation tank stirring device 7, and the stirring cycle is determined by the adjustment module connected to the stirring device. After fermentation is complete, the organic components obtained from fermentation are discharged from the discharge port 4 located at the bottom of the tank; Water bath heating avoids the excessive intensity and uncontrollable temperature associated with direct heating, allowing for stable heating and greater energy efficiency compared to electrically heated fermentation tanks. This reduces production costs and improves fertilizer quality.

[0049] Drying of organic components, The fermented organic components are placed into the rotary mechanism of the drum dryer and the dryer is turned on. The rotary mechanism of the dryer starts to rotate, driving the lifting plates to carry out the fermented components to dry thoroughly. During this process, the dryer will also heat the organic components to further increase the drying speed.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing soil conditioners based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors, characterized in that, include, Add the materials to be fermented into the fermentation tank; The materials undergo aerobic fermentation and are periodically stirred. Temperature of materials at different depths inside the tank is measured to obtain temperature data at different locations. The ammonia concentration and material volume inside the tank are also obtained. The obtained data are integrated to determine the cycle duration of the periodic stirring. Among them, the cycle duration of the periodic stirring is determined by the acquired temperature data, including determining the cycle duration by the temperature distribution difference and determining the cycle duration by the average temperature change amplitude; The material in the fermentation tank is sampled and tested regularly. Fermentation is considered complete when the sample is found to have reached the required level of fermentation.

2. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating farmland obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes, After fermentation, the material is dried and pulverized to produce organic components; Soil conditioner is prepared by mixing organic components, inorganic components, microbial agents, water-retaining agents, and trace elements in a certain proportion. The mixture is dried to form a soil conditioner, which is then processed into granules using a granulator. The inorganic components include zeolite and bentonite powder; Microbial agents are beneficial microbial flora.

3. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquired data is integrated, including, The different concentrations of ammonia have different degrees of influence on the cycle duration of the periodic stirring. The ammonia influence value of the cycle duration is determined based on the ammonia concentration. The ammonia effect value is the product of the ammonia concentration and the ammonia compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for ammonia is the compensation coefficient for the effect of ammonia concentration on the ammonia value under different ammonia concentrations. The value of the compensation coefficient for ammonia is determined by the ammonia concentration.

4. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, Integrating the acquired data also includes, The amount of material affects the cycle duration of the periodic mixing to varying degrees, and the material influence value of the cycle duration is determined based on the amount of material. The material impact value is the product of the material quantity and the material compensation coefficient; The material compensation coefficient is the compensation coefficient for the influence of the quantity of material on the material value under different material quantities. The value of the material compensation coefficient is determined by the capacity of the storage tank.

5. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, Integrating the acquired data also includes, By installing temperature sensors at different heights on the side wall of the tank, the temperature of materials at different depths inside the tank is detected, and the temperature distribution difference and average temperature change range on the inner wall of the tank are determined to determine the temperature influence value. The first parameter for the temperature influence value is determined by the average temperature change within this period. The second parameter of the temperature influence value is determined by the difference in temperature distribution; The temperature influence value is the sum of the first parameter and the second parameter of the temperature influence value.

6. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first parameter for determining the temperature influence value based on the temperature change within the current cycle includes: The average temperature inside the entire fermenter at the beginning and end of any cycle is measured to determine the temperature rise index. Compare the temperature rise index and the temperature rise evaluation value to determine whether it is necessary to calculate the first parameter of the temperature influence value; If the temperature rise index is greater than the temperature rise evaluation value, then the first parameter of the temperature influence value needs to be calculated using the temperature rise index and the compensation coefficient of the temperature rise index on the first parameter of the temperature influence value. If the temperature rise index is less than or equal to the temperature rise evaluation value, then the value of the first parameter of the temperature influence value is directly set to 0; The temperature rise evaluation value is determined by the size of the current cycle; the longer the working stirring cycle, the smaller the temperature rise evaluation value. The temperature rise index is the difference between the ending temperature and the initial temperature. The initial temperature is the average temperature on the inner wall of the tank at the beginning of the cycle, and the ending temperature is the average temperature on the inner wall of the tank at the end of the cycle.

7. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second parameter for determining the temperature influence value through the difference in temperature distribution includes: The average temperature at different locations inside the tank during any given period is obtained to determine the fermentation difference; The second parameter of the temperature influence value is determined by the product of the fermentation difference and the fermentation compensation coefficient; Wherein, the fermentation compensation coefficient is the compensation coefficient for the second parameter of the effect of fermentation difference on temperature under different fermentation differences, and the magnitude of the fermentation compensation coefficient is determined by the fermentation difference; The fermentation difference is the difference between the vigorous temperature and the mild temperature. The vigorous temperature is the temperature below the inner wall of the tank, and the mild temperature is the temperature above the inner wall of the tank.

8. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on eliminating arable land obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duration of the periodic stirring cycle is determined, including: Design a comprehensive impact model that defines a piecewise function for the working mixing cycle, and determines its calculation method based on the value of the material impact. When the material impact value is greater than or equal to 1, the working mixing cycle is determined by the quotient of the basic mixing cycle and the comprehensive impact value. When the material influence value is less than 1, the working mixing cycle is directly equal to the basic mixing cycle. The comprehensive impact value is the sum of the impact values ​​of temperature, ammonia, and materials.

9. The method for preparing a soil conditioner based on the elimination of arable land obstacle factors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials involved in fermentation include humic acid, biochar, and fermented plant straw. The weight ratio of humic acid to biochar to fermented plant straw is (10-20): (15-25): (20-30). Materials that did not participate in fermentation include inorganic components, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, beneficial microbial flora, water-retaining agents, and trace elements; The weight ratio of inorganic components: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer: beneficial microbial flora: water-retaining agent: trace elements = (10-15): (5-10): (1-3): (2-5): (0.5-1); The weight ratio coefficient between the materials participating in fermentation and those not participating in fermentation is consistent; The inorganic components include zeolite and bentonite; Trace elements include zinc and boron.

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