Geothermal resource exploration method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a geothermal resource exploration method and system, and relates to the technical field of geological survey, and the geothermal resource exploration method comprises the steps: obtaining geothermal geological data of a to-be-explored region, executing geological survey according to the geothermal geological data, and obtaining a general geological model of the to-be-explored region, the general geological model is used for representing spatial distribution of geological elements of the to-be-explored area; carrying out water quality analysis on the underground water sample of the area to be investigated, and obtaining a geothermal abnormal area by utilizing a hydrogeochemical survey and test analysis mode; physical detection is conducted on the geothermal abnormal area, and geothermal target spots are marked in combination with geophysical prospecting results obtained after physical detection and the general geologic model; and drilling and geological logging are carried out on the geothermal target spot. By combining the geothermal geological data, geological survey, chemical exploration, geophysical exploration and drilling of the to-be-explored area, the success rate of geothermal resource exploration is increased, and the risk of medium-deep geothermal resource development is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, specifically to a method and system for geothermal resource exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Medium-deep geothermal resources refer to hydrothermal geothermal resources existing in strata at depths between 200 and 3000 meters. The development of medium-deep geothermal resources typically requires drilling to obtain geothermal fluids from deep strata. Before drilling, geological exploration is necessary to select geothermal target sites. Geothermal exploration methods generally employ geophysical and geochemical methods to locate geothermal anomalies and determine geothermal target sites before drilling operations commence.

[0003] In complex geological environments, the development of medium-deep geothermal resources carries certain risks. These risks mainly stem from the uncertainty of water volume, temperature, and strata in geothermal wells before exploration, as well as the high drilling costs. The construction cost of a single geothermal well can generally reach millions of yuan. If a medium-deep geothermal well fails to meet expectations in terms of water volume and temperature, or if an unforeseen accident occurs during drilling, it means the failure of the initial investment and results in a significant loss of human and material resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a geothermal resource exploration method and system, aiming to improve the success rate of geothermal wells in geothermal resource exploration and reduce the risks of developing medium-deep geothermal resources.

[0005] This invention discloses a method for geothermal resource exploration, comprising:

[0006] Obtain geothermal geological data for the area to be explored;

[0007] Geological surveys are conducted based on geothermal geological data to obtain a preliminary geological model of the area to be explored. The preliminary geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored.

[0008] Water quality analysis was conducted on groundwater samples from the area to be explored, and geothermal anomaly areas were identified through hydrogeochemical surveys and testing.

[0009] Physical exploration was conducted in the geothermal anomaly area, and geothermal target points were marked based on the geophysical exploration results and a rough geological model.

[0010] Drilling and geological logging were carried out on geothermal targets.

[0011] Preferably, the geothermal geological data includes regional overview data, basic geological data, hydrogeological data, rock mass and geological structure data, geophysical and geochemical data, and geothermal fluid data.

[0012] Preferably, the regional overview data is used to describe the meteorological information, topography, soil information, and hydrological information of the area to be surveyed;

[0013] Basic geological data is used to describe the stratigraphic and lithological distribution and geological structure information of the area to be explored;

[0014] Hydrogeological data are used to describe the water quality characteristics of the area to be explored. These characteristics include the aquifer structure, water quality features, and the recharge and discharge conditions of underground fluids.

[0015] Rock mass and geological structure data are used to describe magmatic activity and mineralization information in the area to be explored;

[0016] Geophysical and geochemical data are used to describe surface geophysical information and water quality test data of the area to be explored;

[0017] Geothermal fluid data is used to describe the location, temperature, volume, hydrochemical characteristics, well formation structure, and pumping test information of geothermal fluids in the area to be explored. Geothermal fluids include hot springs exposed on the surface of the area to be explored, hydrogeological exploration wells, and existing groundwater extraction wells.

[0018] Preferably, the geological survey is carried out based on geothermal geological data, including: conducting a geological survey of geothermal geological data through geothermal geological mapping, wherein the geothermal geological mapping includes a base map, which is one or more of a topographic map, a geological map, and an image map.

[0019] Preferably, groundwater samples from the area to be explored are subjected to water quality analysis, including:

[0020] Multiple sets of groundwater samples were collected from different locations in the area to be explored;

[0021] The water quality components of multiple groundwater samples were analyzed to obtain water quality test results. The water quality components include general components and special components. General components include pH, mineralization, hardness and metal ions, while special components include heavy metal elements.

[0022] Preferably, geothermal anomaly areas are obtained through hydrogeochemical surveys and testing analyses, including: performing water quality type analysis on groundwater samples based on water quality components to obtain hydrochemical characteristics;

[0023] Piper triline plots were drawn based on the water quality components of groundwater samples, and hydrogeochemical temperature scales were calculated. These hydrogeochemical temperature scales are used to characterize the temperature of underground thermal reservoirs calculated based on the water quality components of groundwater samples.

[0024] Geothermal anomaly regions were identified based on the Piper triline map, hydrogeochemical thermoscale, and hydrochemical characteristics.

[0025] Preferably, the geothermal resource exploration method further includes:

[0026] Calculate the ion mass concentration of multiple groundwater samples based on water quality components;

[0027] Based on the ion mass concentration, the hydrogeochemical temperature scale of multiple groundwater samples is calculated, and the temperature of deep thermal reservoirs is inferred from the hydrogeochemical temperature scale.

[0028] Based on the temperature of deep thermal reservoirs, geothermal anomaly zones in the area to be explored are identified.

[0029] Preferably, physical exploration of the geothermal anomaly area includes: using radon measurement and / or two-dimensional seismic methods to explore the structural development of the middle and deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area, and obtaining structural exploration results;

[0030] The water content of the middle and deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area was detected using the electromagnetic method, and the water content detection results were obtained.

[0031] Geophysical results are generated based on structural and water-bearing detection results.

[0032] Preferably, the geothermal resource exploration method further includes:

[0033] During the drilling process at geothermal targets, a logging technology plan was developed;

[0034] The consumption of core, cuttings, and drilling fluid was analyzed to obtain drilling anomaly results, which were used to characterize core anomalies, cuttings anomalies, and drilling fluid consumption anomalies.

[0035] The formation conditions are predicted based on the results of drilling anomalies, including formation fractures and formation thermal reservoirs.

[0036] The present invention also discloses a geothermal resource exploration system for performing the above-described geothermal resource exploration method. The geothermal resource exploration system includes:

[0037] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire geothermal geological data of the area to be explored.

[0038] The model generation module is configured to: perform a geological survey based on geothermal geological data to obtain a preliminary geological model of the area to be explored. The preliminary geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored.

[0039] The water quality analysis module is configured to: perform water quality analysis on groundwater samples from the area to be explored, and use hydrogeochemical surveys and testing to identify geothermal anomaly areas;

[0040] The target marking module is configured to: conduct physical exploration of geothermal anomaly areas and mark geothermal targets based on the geophysical exploration results and a rough geological model.

[0041] The drilling and logging module is configured to perform drilling and geological logging of geothermal targets.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] This invention provides a comprehensive and systematic method and system for geothermal resource exploration, capable of efficiently and accurately identifying geothermal resource targets and providing a reliable basis for subsequent geothermal resource development. The method combines five techniques—geothermal geological data of the area to be explored, geological surveys, geochemical exploration, geophysical exploration, and drilling—to gradually narrow down the exploration scope and ultimately determine the geothermal target. This invention also fully considers various factors such as geological structure and water quality characteristics, improving the accuracy and reliability of the exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the geothermal resource exploration method provided by this invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the geothermal resource exploration system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the geothermal resource exploration method provided by the present invention includes the following steps.

[0049] Step S1: Obtain geothermal geological data of the area to be explored.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, before carrying out geothermal exploration work, it is necessary to obtain geothermal geological data of the area to be explored. By collecting, sorting and analyzing existing exploration data such as geology, hydrogeology, geophysical and geochemical exploration, and existing geothermal displays of the exploration area, the geological structure location, basement burial characteristics, stratigraphic lithology characteristics, geothermal water storage and migration characteristics of the exploration area are determined, so as to provide basic geological conditions for geothermal exploration and understand the geothermal geological background of the exploration area.

[0051] Specifically, a detailed analysis of the geological structure of the area to be explored is required. This includes identifying geological faults using regional geological maps or reports, understanding the location of geological structures, the strike, dip, and angle of faults, and the possible relationship between faults and geothermal resources. Long-term changes in water level, temperature, and quality, as well as the storage and migration characteristics of geothermal water, are obtained through groundwater dynamic monitoring and pumping test data. Geophysical and geochemical methods are used to determine the characteristics of the burial basement. Geophysical methods include gravity, magnetic, and electrical methods, while geochemical methods include chemical analysis of gases and soil. Simultaneously, the morphology and scale of geological folds need to be analyzed to explore their impact on the formation and distribution of geothermal resources. Furthermore, the distribution and characteristics of igneous rocks are also key areas of analysis, particularly their intrusion age, lithology, and occurrence, as these factors are often directly related to the heat source of geothermal resources.

[0052] Based on the established geological structural characteristics, the storage and migration characteristics of geothermal water are further analyzed. This involves research on the occurrence state, recharge sources, migration paths, and discharge methods of geothermal water. By integrating geological and hydrogeological data, a conceptual model of geothermal water is constructed to provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of geothermal resources.

[0053] Geothermal geological data includes regional overview data, basic geological data, hydrogeological data, rock mass and geological structure data, geophysical and geochemical data, and geothermal fluid data.

[0054] Specifically, regional overview data is used to describe the meteorological, topographic, soil, and hydrological information of the area to be surveyed. Meteorological information can include average temperature and annual variation, annual precipitation and seasonal variation of precipitation, while hydrological information can include rivers, lakes, watersheds, and runoff-drainage relationships.

[0055] Basic geological data is used to describe the lithological distribution and geological structure information of the area to be explored. Hydrogeological data is used to describe the water quality characteristics of the area, including aquifer structure, water features, and the recharge and discharge conditions of underground fluids. Rock mass and geological structure data are used to describe magmatic activity and mineralization information in the area. Geophysical and geochemical data are used to describe surface geophysical information and water quality test data in the area, which can reveal the deep structure of the strata and infer the location and extent of geothermal anomalies. Geothermal fluid data is used to describe the location, temperature, volume, hydrochemical characteristics, wellbore stratigraphic structure, and pumping test information of geothermal fluids in the area. Geothermal fluids include surface hot springs, hydrogeological exploration wells, and existing groundwater extraction wells in the area.

[0056] Step S2: Conduct a geological survey based on geothermal geological data to obtain a rough geological model of the area to be explored.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, a preliminary geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored. The preliminary geological model is a virtual model, which can be an electronic model or a hypothetical model. It establishes a spatial distribution model of geological elements such as strata, structures, and lithology in the area to be explored using geothermal geological data.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, a geological survey is carried out on geothermal geological data through geothermal geological mapping. Geothermal geological mapping includes a base map, which is one or more of a topographic map, a geological map, and an image map.

[0059] For example, the base map can be a topographic map, geological map, mineral geological map, etc. with a scale of not less than 1:50,000. If the exploration area lacks the above-mentioned maps, small-scale geological maps can be obtained through the National Geological Cloud or high-resolution image maps of the area can be collected through drone aerial flight, satellite remote sensing, etc., and geological survey work can be carried out on the basis of these maps.

[0060] It should be noted that this invention does not specify the accuracy of geological surveys, but focuses on describing and analyzing structures, lithology, strata, springs, etc., to serve geothermal geological work.

[0061] Step S3: Conduct water quality analysis on groundwater samples from the area to be explored, and use hydrogeochemical surveys and testing to identify geothermal anomaly areas.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, during the water quality analysis of groundwater samples from the area to be explored, multiple sets of groundwater samples are first collected at different locations within the area, and then the water quality components of these multiple sets of groundwater samples are analyzed to obtain water quality test results. The water quality components include general components and special components. General components include pH, mineralization, hardness, and metal ions, while special components include heavy metal elements.

[0063] It should be noted that because geothermal water exists within specific temperature, pressure, and environmental fields, its chemical composition is unique. Geothermal water also influences other water bodies to varying degrees during its circulation. The chemical characteristics of other typical water bodies can be used to infer geothermal indications, identify geothermal anomaly zones, and infer the temperature of deep geothermal reservoirs. By analyzing the temperature of deep geothermal reservoirs and the mixing of deep and shallow water, geothermal anomaly areas can be determined.

[0064] For example, a typical component may include: K + Na + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Fe 3+ Fe 2+ NH4 + Cl - SO4 2- HCO3- CO3 2- NO3 - NO2 - Mineralization, total hardness, and pH. Specific components may include: total hydrogen sulfide, fluorine, bromine, iodine, strontium, lead, lithium, barium, manganese, antimony, molybdenum, metaboric acid (or boron), mercury, arsenic, phosphorus, aluminum, metasilicic acid (or SiO2), arsenic, phosphate, total α, total β, 13 C 14 C.

[0065] This application allows for selective analysis of water quality components based on the actual conditions of the area to be explored. By analyzing each component, the potential for deep geothermal resources can be identified. The process of identifying geothermal anomaly areas using hydrogeochemical surveys and testing includes: performing water quality type analysis on groundwater samples based on water quality components to obtain hydrochemical characteristics; constructing a Piper triline map based on the water quality components of the groundwater samples and calculating the hydrogeochemical temperature scale; and determining the geothermal anomaly area based on the Piper triline map, the hydrogeochemical temperature scale, and the hydrochemical characteristics. The hydrogeochemical temperature scale is used to characterize the temperature of the underground geothermal reservoir calculated based on the water quality components of the groundwater samples.

[0066] It should be understood that geothermal water sources are usually located far away. Due to its higher temperature, it can dissolve more mineral components, and its circulation and turnover are relatively slow. Geothermal water anions are mainly SO42-. 2- Cl - The main component is Na, with cations primarily composed of Na. + The main component is SO4, with additional special components such as fluorine, metasilicic acid, strontium, and lithium. Typically, geothermal water contains SO4. 2- Cl - Na + The content of total dissolved solids, metasilicic acid, fluorine, and lithium is significantly higher than that of cold groundwater in the same area. If the area is geothermal water mixed with cold groundwater and spring water, the content of the above water quality factors will also be significantly higher, thus proving that there may be geothermal resources in the area.

[0067] Furthermore, using K from multiple water samples + Na + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ Cl - SO4 2- HCO3 - CO3 2- Eight ions were used to construct a Piper triline diagram model for classifying and analyzing the chemical composition of groundwater. Due to the differences in water quality between geothermal water and cold groundwater, there are clear zones in the Piper triline diagram. Cold groundwater is concentrated in the left part of the rhombus, with HCO3 as the main component. - Ca 2+Mg 2+ Ions are dominant, and water particles from geothermal water or mixed with geothermal water are concentrated in the middle or lower right part of the rhombus shape, with Na+ as the dominant ion. + K + Cl - SO4 2- Ions are dominant. Piper trilinear plots indicate the potential for geothermal resources in this area.

[0068] Finally, by combining the Piper tri-line map, hydrogeochemical temperature scale, and hydrochemical characteristics, the geothermal anomaly region was determined.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the geothermal resource exploration method further includes calculating the ion mass concentration of multiple groundwater samples based on water quality components; calculating the hydrogeochemical temperature scale of multiple groundwater samples based on the ion mass concentration; inferring the deep geothermal reservoir temperature based on the hydrogeochemical temperature scale; and determining the geothermal anomaly area of ​​the area to be explored based on the deep geothermal reservoir temperature.

[0070] It should be understood that in deep geothermal reservoirs, groundwater and surrounding rocks undergo a water-rock reaction to reach chemical equilibrium. Under pressure and water circulation, deep geothermal water migrates upwards, while its ionic composition remains almost unchanged. Based on the principle of water-rock equilibrium, once shallow geothermal water is obtained, the temperature of the deep geothermal reservoir can be calculated using the mass concentration of a certain ion. The potassium-magnesium temperature scale and the silica temperature scale are selected for calculation and analysis. If the calculated geochemical geothermal temperature scale significantly exceeds the local average air temperature and groundwater temperature, it indicates that medium-deep geothermal resources may exist in the exploration area.

[0071] In addition, based on the actual situation of the exploration, the possibility of deep geothermal resources in the area to be explored can be analyzed by using the Gibbs semi-logarithmic coordinate diagram proposed by American scholar Gibbs and the Langelier-Ludwig rectangle diagram proposed by Langelier and Harvey F. Ludwig.

[0072] According to the geothermal resource exploration method provided by the present invention, the geothermal resource occurrence pattern of the area to be explored can be analyzed. If there is a water quality point with obvious chemical anomalies and obvious geothermal resource occurrence among several water quality sampling points, the water quality point is delineated as a geothermal anomaly zone, providing a basis for the next step of ground geophysical exploration.

[0073] Step S4: Conduct physical exploration of the geothermal anomaly area, and mark geothermal target points based on the geophysical exploration results and the rough geological model.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, radon measurement and / or two-dimensional seismic methods are used to detect the structural development of the mid-to-deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area, obtaining structural detection results. Electromagnetic methods are then used to detect the water content of the mid-to-deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area, obtaining water content detection results. Finally, geophysical exploration results are generated based on the structural and water content detection results.

[0075] It should be understood that radon measurement and 2D seismic methods can detect the development of structures in the middle and deep strata. If the exploration in the middle and deep strata reveals obvious faults, fissures and fracture zones, it is a favorable location for geothermal reservoirs.

[0076] Electromagnetic methods can include magnetotellurics, wide-area electromagnetic methods, audio-frequency magnetotellurics, and controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics. Electromagnetic methods can detect water content in mid-to-deep strata, typically expressed as resistivity; the lower the resistivity, the greater the likelihood of water content. Faults, fractures, and breccia zones in mid-to-deep strata, as well as low-resistivity water-bearing anomalies, as interpreted from geophysical exploration results, constitute geothermal targets.

[0077] A preliminary geological model can be used to determine the geothermal geological data of the area to be explored, and geothermal target points can be further marked by combining the results of physical exploration.

[0078] Step S5: Drilling and geological logging are performed on the geothermal target.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, during the drilling of geothermal target points, a logging technology plan is formulated; the consumption of core, cuttings, and drilling fluid is analyzed to obtain drilling anomaly results, which are used to characterize core anomalies, cuttings anomalies, and drilling fluid consumption anomalies; and the formation conditions are predicted based on the drilling anomaly results, including formation fracture conditions and formation thermal reservoir conditions.

[0080] Specifically, after the geothermal target is identified, drilling work commences. Throughout the drilling process, corresponding logging techniques are developed, and core samples, cuttings, and drilling fluid consumption are regularly analyzed. Anomalies in core samples, cuttings, and drilling fluid consumption are used to predict subsequent formation / fracture / reservoir conditions, guiding high-quality geothermal well completion. Once the geothermal well reaches the target layer, logging, pumping, and testing are conducted to thoroughly investigate the geothermal reservoir properties and geothermal fluid characteristics of the exploration area, providing parameters for further development and utilization.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also discloses a geothermal resource exploration system for performing the above-mentioned geothermal resource exploration method. The geothermal resource exploration system includes: a data acquisition module 201, a model generation module 202, a water quality analysis module 203, a target marking module 204, and a drilling and logging module 205.

[0082] The data acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire geothermal geological data of the area to be explored.

[0083] The model generation module 202 is configured to: perform a geological survey based on geothermal geological data to obtain a general geological model of the area to be explored. The general geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored.

[0084] The water quality analysis module 203 is configured to perform water quality analysis on groundwater samples from the area to be explored, and to obtain geothermal anomaly areas by means of hydrogeochemical surveys and testing.

[0085] The target marking module 204 is configured to: conduct physical exploration of the geothermal anomaly area, and mark geothermal targets by combining the geophysical exploration results and the general geological model after physical exploration.

[0086] The drilling and logging module 205 is configured to perform drilling and geological logging on geothermal targets.

[0087] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a geothermal resource exploration method and system. The geothermal resource exploration method includes: acquiring geothermal geological data of the area to be explored; conducting geological surveys based on the geothermal geological data to obtain a general geological model of the area to be explored, which is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored; conducting water quality analysis on groundwater samples from the area to be explored, and obtaining geothermal anomaly areas through hydrogeochemical surveys and testing; conducting physical exploration of the geothermal anomaly areas, and marking geothermal target points based on the geophysical exploration results and the general geological model; and drilling and geological logging at the geothermal target points.

[0088] This invention employs a five-step geothermal exploration method, which involves the sequential execution of five steps: geothermal geological data collection and analysis, surface geological survey, hydrogeochemical survey, physical exploration, and drilling and geological logging. This five-step method is suitable for the exploration and target positioning of medium-deep geothermal wells, and is particularly accurate for the placement of tectonic-controlled geothermal wells. It reduces the risks associated with the development of medium-deep geothermal resources, minimizes losses from failed geothermal well exploration, and increases the success rate of geothermal exploration.

[0089] This invention combines five methods—geothermal geological data of the area to be explored, geological survey, geochemical exploration, geophysical exploration, and drilling—to enable the geothermal resource exploration process to proceed from the surface to the point, from the surface to the depth, and layer by layer, with various methods mutually verifying each other. This improves the success rate of geothermal wells and reduces the risks of developing medium-deep geothermal resources.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for geothermal resource exploration, characterized in that, include: Obtain geothermal geological data for the area to be explored; A geological survey is conducted based on the geothermal geological data to obtain a preliminary geological model of the area to be explored. The preliminary geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored. Water quality analysis was performed on groundwater samples from the area to be investigated, and geothermal anomaly areas were identified through hydrogeochemical surveys and testing. Physical exploration was conducted on the geothermal anomaly area, and geothermal target points were marked based on the geophysical exploration results and the general geological model. Drilling and geological logging were performed on the geothermal target.

2. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geothermal geological data includes regional overview data, basic geological data, hydrogeological data, rock mass and geological structure data, geophysical and geochemical data, and geothermal fluid data.

3. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The regional overview data is used to describe the meteorological information, topography, soil information, and hydrological information of the area to be investigated; The basic geological data is used to describe the stratigraphic lithology distribution and geological structure information of the area to be explored; The hydrogeological data are used to describe the water quality characteristics of the area to be explored, including the water quality characteristics of the aquifer structure, the recharge and discharge conditions of underground fluids; The rock mass and geological structure data are used to describe the magmatic activity and mineralization information of the area to be explored. The geophysical and geochemical data are used to describe the surface geophysical information and water quality test data of the area to be explored; The geothermal fluid data is used to describe the location, water temperature, water volume, hydrochemical characteristics, well formation structure, and pumping test information of the geothermal fluids in the area to be explored. The geothermal fluids include hot springs exposed on the surface of the area to be explored, hydrogeological exploration wells, and existing groundwater extraction wells.

4. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geological survey conducted based on the geothermal geological data includes: Geological surveys are conducted on the geothermal geological data through geothermal geological mapping, which includes a base map, which may be one or more of a topographic map, a geological map, and an image map.

5. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality analysis of groundwater samples from the area to be investigated includes: Multiple sets of groundwater samples were collected at different locations in the area to be investigated. The water quality components of multiple groundwater samples were analyzed to obtain water quality test results. The water quality components include general components and special components. The general components include pH, mineralization, hardness and metal ions, and the special components include heavy metal elements.

6. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The geothermal anomaly areas obtained through hydrogeochemical surveys and testing analyses include: Based on the water quality components, water quality type analysis was performed on the groundwater sample to obtain its hydrochemical characteristics; Piper triline plots were drawn based on the water quality components of the groundwater sample, and the hydrogeochemical temperature scale was calculated. The hydrogeochemical temperature scale is used to characterize the temperature of the underground thermal reservoir calculated based on the water quality components of the groundwater sample. The geothermal anomaly region is determined based on the Piper tri-line map, the hydrogeochemical thermoscale, and the hydrochemical characteristics.

7. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the water quality components, calculate the ion mass concentration of multiple sets of groundwater samples; Based on the ion mass concentration, the hydrogeochemical temperature scales of multiple sets of groundwater samples are calculated, and the temperature of deep thermal reservoirs is inferred based on the hydrogeochemical temperature scales. Based on the deep thermal reservoir temperature, the geothermal anomaly zone of the area to be explored is determined.

8. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical detection of the geothermal anomaly area includes: The tectonic development of the middle and deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area was investigated using radon measurement and / or two-dimensional seismic methods to obtain tectonic exploration results; The water content of the middle and deep strata in the geothermal anomaly area was detected by electromagnetic method, and the water content detection results were obtained. Geophysical results are generated based on the structural detection results and the water-bearing detection results.

9. The geothermal resource exploration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: During the drilling process at the aforementioned geothermal target, a logging technology plan was developed; The consumption of core, cuttings, and drilling fluid is analyzed to obtain drilling anomaly results, which are used to characterize core anomalies, cuttings anomalies, and drilling fluid consumption anomalies. The formation conditions are predicted based on the drilling anomaly results, including formation fractures and formation thermal reservoirs.

10. A geothermal resource exploration system, used to execute the geothermal resource exploration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire geothermal geological data of the area to be explored. The model generation module is configured to: perform a geological survey based on the geothermal geological data to obtain a preliminary geological model of the area to be explored, wherein the preliminary geological model is used to characterize the spatial distribution of geological elements in the area to be explored; The water quality analysis module is configured to: perform water quality analysis on groundwater samples from the area to be investigated, and obtain geothermal anomaly areas by means of hydrogeochemical survey and testing analysis; The target marking module is configured to: conduct physical exploration of the geothermal anomaly area, and mark geothermal target points by combining the geophysical exploration results after physical exploration and the general geological model; The drilling and logging module is configured to perform drilling and geological logging on the geothermal target.

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