AR technology-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a vacuum cup

Abstract

The application relates to the field of AR display technology and discloses a thermos cup outer surface dynamic display system based on AR technology.The system obtains a thermos cup outer surface image and environmental light information through an AR image acquisition module, generates a surface image feature sequence and constructs an original feature template; a display content modeling module layers display content elements, establishes content element display paths and constructs path structures; a spatial positioning calibration module extracts display path layer sequences, filters intersecting display paths to obtain a set; a dynamic rendering control module collects rendering parameters based on top display layers in the set, matches rendering modes after sorting to obtain a control parameter group; and a display structure output module counts display area nodes controlled by parameters, establishes a node and display path rendering control relationship structure, and generates a dynamic display structure table.The system can accurately and naturally dynamically display virtual content on the thermos cup outer surface, improves the interactivity and personalized expression capability of the thermos cup, and enriches the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of AR display technology, specifically to a dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the consumer electronics field, insulated cups have gradually evolved from simple heat preservation devices into smart terminals that combine decoration and interactivity. Traditional insulated cups often use static patterns or text printing on their outer surface, with fixed and unchangeable content, making it difficult to meet users' needs for personalized expression and dynamic information display. Even some high-end products that have introduced display technologies such as e-ink screens still suffer from limited display area, limited interaction methods, and reliance on physical connections for content updates, failing to achieve flexible dynamic content presentation.

[0003] The rise of AR technology has offered a new approach to solving this dilemma. By blending the real and virtual worlds, it can overlay virtual information onto the surface of real objects, overcoming the limitations of physical display media. Currently, AR technology in consumer products is mostly concentrated on mobile apps scanning to trigger the display of virtual content, such as scanning specific patterns to display product information or promotional messages. However, these applications generally suffer from insufficient spatial positioning accuracy and poor fit between virtual content and the real object's surface. In applications involving curved objects, such as the outer surface of a thermos, factors such as changes in the object's surface curvature, ambient light interference, and sampling angle deviations can easily cause drift, distortion, or misalignment within the virtual content, severely impacting the user experience.

[0004] Existing AR display systems often employ generalized positioning algorithms when handling dynamic displays on curved surfaces, failing to optimize for specific curved objects like thermos cups. In the content modeling stage, the lack of refined design regarding the layering logic of display elements leads to chaotic virtual content overlays and frequent obscuring of important information. Furthermore, the dynamic rendering process neglects the intersection of different display paths, and the matching of rendering parameters lacks specificity, resulting in unstable display effects of virtual content on curved surfaces and making it difficult to create a coherent and natural dynamic display.

[0005] Existing technologies often rely on single feature point matching for spatial positioning calibration. When similar textured areas exist on the surface of a thermos cup or under complex lighting conditions, positioning accuracy drops significantly, and the spatial correspondence between virtual content and the physical surface is prone to deviation. Furthermore, the updating and control of displayed content largely depend on preset programs, failing to dynamically adjust based on user interaction or environmental changes, resulting in insufficient system adaptability and flexibility. These issues collectively restrict the large-scale application of AR technology in the dynamic display of thermos cup surfaces, making it difficult for existing products to truly achieve personalized, high-precision, and dynamic virtual-real fusion displays. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology, the system comprising:

[0008] The AR image acquisition module acquires images of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information, extracts surface texture features, records image acquisition angle and time parameters, generates surface image feature sequence, and constructs original feature templates for AR images.

[0009] The display content modeling module, based on the original feature template of the AR image, layers the display content elements, establishes a content element display path from the bottom layer to the top layer according to the layering results, collects the superposition order of all layers in the path and the relationship between adjacent layers, and constructs the display content path structure.

[0010] The spatial positioning calibration module extracts the display path layer sequence based on the display content path structure, compares overlapping layers and counts the display frequency of the top layer, filters the cross display paths, and obtains the display content cross path set.

[0011] The dynamic rendering control module collects the rendering parameters of the top-level display layer based on the top-level display layer in the set of cross paths of the display content, sorts them by frequency of occurrence, matches the top-level rendering mode of the path, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group.

[0012] The display structure output module, based on the display content rendering control parameter group, counts the display area nodes controlled by each parameter, divides the display path under the corresponding node, establishes the rendering control relationship structure between the node and the display path, and generates a dynamic display structure table of the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0013] Preferably, the AR image original feature template includes a texture feature arrangement structure, an image angle fragment set, and an environmental parameter weight model; the display content path structure includes a content element hierarchical mapping relationship, a display path layer chain, and a layer overlay relationship set; the display content cross path set includes a path overlap layer set, a top-level display frequency distribution, and cross-layer filtering results; the display content rendering control parameter group includes a rendering parameter frequency ranking, a path top-level rendering parameter mapping, and a control mode matching result; and the thermos cup outer surface dynamic display structure table includes display area node identifiers, display path grouping results, and rendering control relationship mapping results.

[0014] Preferably, the AR image acquisition module includes:

[0015] The image feature extraction submodule acquires the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information, performs feature-level acquisition operations on the surface image, extracts the texture feature set of each region, records the position parameters of each feature in the image, compares the relationship between the first occurrence position of the key feature in the feature list and the number of features, classifies the images, and obtains the key feature position distribution results.

[0016] The original feature fragment construction submodule extracts the feature fragments corresponding to the key features in the surface image based on the key feature location distribution results, truncates the features based on the location range of the key features in the image, constructs a feature fragment set based on the location of each key feature truncated feature, and reassembles it with the image to which the feature belongs to obtain the original sequence fragment set of key features.

[0017] The feature template generation submodule calculates the frequency of occurrence of all key features based on the original sequence fragment set of key features. Based on the original order of key features in the surface image, it performs position rearrangement processing on the feature fragment set, splices the original sequence fragments of multiple key features in the same image according to the first occurrence position, and classifies and integrates the feature weight results corresponding to each image to obtain the original feature template of the AR image.

[0018] Preferably, the display content modeling module includes:

[0019] The hierarchical sorting submodule, based on the original feature template of the AR image and combined with the hierarchical labels of the displayed content elements, compares and sorts all content elements according to their hierarchical label priority values, rearranges the positions of the displayed content elements from bottom to top, establishes a rearrangement sequence index table, and obtains the content element sorting index value.

[0020] The path construction submodule obtains the set of adjacent layers in the rearranged sequence of content elements based on the sorting index value of the content elements, records the stacking order of each pair of adjacent layers, integrates the structural layer information, and generates content element display path data.

[0021] The node structure extraction submodule collects the layer numbers and adjacent layer pairs in all overlay layers based on the content element display path data, constructs a layer mapping table based on the adjacent structural relationships, stores the upper and lower layer relationship types and overlay directions between each content element, and obtains the display content path structure.

[0022] Preferably, the spatial positioning calibration module includes:

[0023] Based on the display content path structure, the path extraction submodule collects the layer sequence in any two display paths, extracts the layer number information under each path in turn, establishes a display path layer mapping set, marks the display content identifier and path length parameter of each path, and obtains the display path layer number value.

[0024] The intersection comparison submodule calls the layer number sequence of any two display paths based on the display path layer number value, performs an intersection comparison operation on the layer set of the two paths, extracts all top-level display layer numbers in the intersection, counts the number of times this type of layer appears in different paths, compares it with the path intersection judgment benchmark value one by one, filters the path pair combinations that meet the conditions, and establishes a set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions.

[0025] The path filtering submodule, based on the set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions, queries the original display path identifier according to the path combination corresponding to the number, integrates the display path identifier and path intersection layer information, establishes a display path relationship chain, and generates a set of display content intersection paths.

[0026] Preferably, the dynamic rendering control module includes:

[0027] The rendering parameter acquisition submodule collects the rendering parameter set to which each top-level display layer belongs based on the top-level display layer in the set of cross paths of the display content, performs index mapping between the display path and its top-level parameters, and generates a path top-level rendering parameter group.

[0028] The parameter frequency statistics submodule performs a repetition count operation on all rendering parameters based on the top-level rendering parameter group of the path, records the number of times each rendering parameter appears in the display path set, and sorts them from high to low according to the number of occurrences to obtain a sorted rendering parameter sequence.

[0029] The control mode determination submodule performs a matching judgment on the parameter set corresponding to the top display layer in the display path according to the sorted rendering parameter sequence, selects the parameter item with the first position in the sorted sequence in each path as the path corresponding to the control rendering mode, integrates the control modes of all display paths, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group.

[0030] Preferably, the display structure output module includes:

[0031] The node extraction submodule collects the display area nodes corresponding to each parameter according to the display content rendering control parameter group, records the path numbers associated with each display area node and the number of corresponding display path sets, determines the matching index between the rendering parameters and the display nodes, and obtains the node number value to which the parameter belongs.

[0032] The path classification submodule, based on the node number value of the parameter, divides the corresponding display path into each display area node according to the rendering parameter as the classification basis, establishes a two-way correspondence structure between the display path number and the node number, extracts the path number list to which each node belongs, and obtains the number value of the node path belonging.

[0033] The structure generation submodule integrates the display area nodes and their subordinate display path numbers according to the number of node paths, outputs the display area node index, corresponding rendering parameters and total number of paths, determines the affiliation of nodes and display paths, and generates a dynamic display structure table for the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0034] Preferably, the image feature extraction submodule includes:

[0035] The surface image acquisition unit receives the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup captured by the camera, converts it into a digital signal and performs grayscale processing to remove image noise and obtain a clear surface image.

[0036] The texture feature extraction unit performs edge detection and feature point extraction operations on clear surface images, identifies the texture lines and pattern contours of the surface, records the coordinate position and pixel value of each texture feature, and forms a texture feature set.

[0037] The environmental parameter recording unit synchronously collects ambient light intensity, camera angle and timestamp information during image acquisition, associates them with corresponding texture features, and obtains the key feature location distribution results.

[0038] Preferably, the hierarchical sorting submodule includes:

[0039] The hierarchical label allocation unit assigns hierarchical labels to each displayed content element. The bottom-level labels are used for basic background display, and the top-level labels are used for interactive prompts. The displayed content elements include text, patterns, and dynamic effects.

[0040] The priority comparison unit compares the numerical values ​​of the hierarchical tags of each content element. The smaller the value, the higher the priority, and the lower-level elements are ranked first.

[0041] The position rearrangement unit rearranges the content elements from the bottom layer to the top layer according to the priority comparison result, generates a rearrangement sequence index table, and obtains the sorting index value of the content elements.

[0042] Preferably, the control mode determination submodule includes:

[0043] The parameter matching unit compares each parameter in the sorted rendering parameter sequence with the top-level display layer parameters of the display path to find a parameter item that matches perfectly.

[0044] If multiple matching parameter items exist in the priority selection unit, the parameter with the highest position in the sorted sequence is selected as the control rendering mode for that path.

[0045] The mode integration unit summarizes the control rendering modes of all display paths, removes duplicates, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] The proposed AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup generates a sequence of surface image features and constructs an original feature template through an AR image acquisition module. This accurately captures the texture features and environmental parameters of the thermos cup's outer surface, providing fundamental data for the precise overlay of virtual content onto the real-world surface. This template construction method based on real-world surface features avoids the adaptation defects of general templates on curved objects, resulting in a more natural fit between virtual content and the thermos cup's outer surface.

[0048] The display content modeling module layers display content elements and establishes a display path structure, enabling complex virtual content to present a clear hierarchical logic. By clarifying the stacking order and adjacency relationship between each layer, it solves the problems of chaotic content hierarchy and easy obscuring of key information in traditional AR displays, allowing users to intuitively obtain the information they need based on the hierarchical relationship and reducing interference in information recognition.

[0049] The spatial positioning calibration module filters the intersections of display paths to obtain a set of intersecting paths, effectively handling conflicts when displaying multiple paths. On curved objects like thermos cups, the intersection areas of different display paths are often key locations for information display. By statistically analyzing overlapping layers and filtering intersecting paths, the module ensures the rationality and continuity of the content displayed in these areas, avoiding content errors caused by path conflicts.

[0050] The dynamic rendering control module matches the rendering mode based on the frequency ranking of the top-level display layer, making the selection of rendering parameters more in line with actual display needs. Different display content requires different rendering effects on curved surfaces. For example, text needs sharp edge rendering, and patterns need soft color transitions. The rendering mode determined by frequency analysis can make various contents present the best visual effect on the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0051] The display structure output module establishes the rendering control relationship between nodes and display paths, generating a dynamic display structure table, which provides a structured control basis for the stable operation of the system. This structure table clarifies the control parameters and path affiliation of each display area, enabling the system to quickly locate and adjust relevant parameters when dynamically updating display content, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the dynamic display process.

[0052] The system optimizes every step of the process, from image acquisition to final display output, for the curved surface characteristics and dynamic display requirements of the thermos cup. It achieves accurate, orderly, and natural dynamic display of virtual content on the physical surface, enhances the interactivity and personalized expression of the thermos cup, and enriches the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 Design diagram for the content modeling module;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the dynamic rendering control module.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a design drawing of the display structure output module. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Please see Figures 1-4 This invention provides a dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0059] The AR image acquisition module acquires images of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information, extracts surface texture features, records image acquisition angle and time parameters, generates a surface image feature sequence, and constructs an AR image original feature template. The display content modeling module, based on the AR image original feature template, layers the display content elements, establishes a content element display path from the bottom layer to the top layer based on the layering results, collects the superposition order of all layers in the path and the relationship between adjacent layers, and constructs a display content path structure. The spatial positioning calibration module, based on the display content path structure, extracts the display path layer sequence, compares overlapping layers and counts the display frequency of the top layer, filters cross-display paths, and obtains a set of display content cross-paths. The dynamic rendering control module, based on the top display layer in the set of display content cross-paths, collects the rendering parameters of the top display layer, sorts them by frequency of occurrence, matches the top layer rendering mode of the path, and obtains a set of display content rendering control parameters. The display structure output module, based on the display content rendering control parameter set, counts the display area nodes controlled by each parameter, divides the display path under the corresponding node, establishes a node-display path rendering control relationship structure, and generates a dynamic display structure table of the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0060] Example 1: The AR image original feature template includes a texture feature arrangement structure, an image angle fragment set, and an environmental parameter weight model. The texture feature arrangement structure records the distribution order and positional relationship of various texture features on the outer surface of the thermos cup; the image angle fragment set consists of image fragments from different acquisition angles, reflecting the appearance characteristics of the thermos cup from multiple angles; and the environmental parameter weight model assigns corresponding weights based on the influence of factors such as ambient light on image features. The display content path structure includes content element hierarchical mapping relationships, display path layer chains, and layer overlay relationship sets. The content element hierarchical mapping relationships clarify the hierarchy to which each content element belongs and the mutual mapping rules. The display path layer chains are the display order chains of content elements from the bottom to the top. The layer overlay relationship set records the overlay methods and associations between layers. The display content cross-path set includes a path overlap layer set, the top-level display frequency distribution, and cross-layer filtering results. The path overlap layer set consists of layers overlapping in different display paths. The top-level display frequency distribution counts the number of times each top layer appears in different paths. The cross-layer filtering results are the cross-layer information determined after filtering. The display content rendering control parameter group includes rendering parameter frequency ranking, path top-level rendering parameter mapping, and control mode matching results. The rendering parameter frequency ranking is arranged from highest to lowest based on the number of times the parameter appears. The path top-level rendering parameter mapping establishes the association between the path and the corresponding top-level rendering parameter. The control mode matching results show the matching status between parameters and rendering modes. The dynamic display structure table for the outer surface of the thermos cup includes display area node identifiers, display path grouping results, and rendering control relationship mapping results. Display area node identifiers are used to distinguish different display areas. The display path grouping results group the display paths by area. The rendering control relationship mapping results clarify the correspondence between nodes and rendering control parameters.

[0061] When the AR image acquisition module is running, the image feature extraction submodule first acquires the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information. It then performs feature-level acquisition on the surface image, extracting texture feature sets for each region and recording the position parameters of each feature in the image. By comparing the relationship between the first occurrence position of key features in the feature list and the number of features, the images are categorized to obtain the key feature position distribution results. The original feature fragment construction submodule extracts feature fragments corresponding to the key features based on the key feature position distribution results. It truncates the fragments based on the position range of the key features in the image, constructs a feature fragment set based on the position of each key feature, and reassembles it with the image to which the feature belongs, forming a set of original key feature fragments. The feature template generation submodule, based on the set of original key feature fragments, counts the frequency of all key features, arranges them according to their original order in the surface image, rearranges the position of the feature fragment set, and concatenates the original fragments of multiple key features in the same image according to their first occurrence position. It then counts and categorizes the feature weights corresponding to each image, finally obtaining the original AR image feature template.

[0062] In the content modeling module, the hierarchical sorting submodule, based on the original feature template of the AR image and combined with the hierarchical labels of the content elements, compares and sorts all content elements according to the priority value of the hierarchical labels, rearranges the positions of the content elements from the bottom to the top, establishes a rearrangement sequence index table, and obtains the content element sorting index value. The path construction submodule, based on the content element sorting index value, obtains the set of adjacent layers in the rearranged sequence of content elements, records the stacking order of each pair of adjacent layers, integrates structural layer information, and generates content element display path data. The node structure extraction submodule, based on the content element display path data, collects the layer numbers and adjacent layer pairs in all overlay layers, constructs a layer mapping table based on the adjacent structural relationships, stores the upper and lower layer relationship types and stacking directions between each content element, thereby obtaining the display content path structure.

[0063] The path extraction submodule of the spatial positioning calibration module, based on the display content path structure, collects the layer sequences from any two display paths, extracts the layer number information under each path sequentially, establishes a display path layer mapping set, and marks the display content identifier and path length parameter of each path to obtain the display path layer number value. The intersection comparison submodule, based on the display path layer number value, calls the layer number sequences of any two display paths, performs an intersection comparison operation on the layer sets of the two paths, extracts all top-level display layer numbers from the intersection, counts the frequency of each type of layer in different paths, compares it line by line with the path intersection judgment benchmark value, and filters path pairs that meet the conditions, establishing a set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions. The path filtering submodule, based on the set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions, queries the original display path identifier according to the path combination corresponding to the number, integrates the display path identifier and path intersection layer information, establishes a display path relationship linked list, and generates a set of display content intersection paths.

[0064] The dynamic rendering control module's rendering parameter acquisition submodule, based on the top-level display layer in the set of cross-paths of the display content, collects the rendering parameter set belonging to each top-level display layer, performs index mapping between the display path and its top-level parameters, and generates a path-level top-level rendering parameter group. The parameter frequency statistics submodule, based on the path-level top-level rendering parameter group, performs a repetition count operation on all rendering parameters, records the number of times each rendering parameter appears in the set of display paths, and sorts them from highest to lowest frequency to obtain a sorted rendering parameter sequence. The control mode determination submodule, based on the sorted rendering parameter sequence, performs a matching judgment on the parameter set corresponding to the top-level display layer in the display path, selects the parameter item in each path that appears first in the sorted sequence as the path-corresponding control rendering mode, and integrates the control modes of all display paths to obtain the display content rendering control parameter group.

[0065] The node extraction submodule of the display structure output module collects the display area nodes corresponding to each parameter based on the display content rendering control parameter group, records the associated path numbers and the number of corresponding display path sets in each display area node, determines the matching index between rendering parameters and display nodes, and obtains the node number value to which the parameter belongs. The path classification submodule, based on the node number value to which the parameter belongs, divides the corresponding display paths under each display area node according to the rendering parameters, establishes a bidirectional correspondence structure between display path numbers and node numbers, extracts the path number list to which each node belongs, and obtains the number of paths to which each node belongs. The structure generation submodule, based on the number of paths to which nodes belong, performs structural mapping and integration between display area nodes and their subordinate display path numbers, outputs the display area node index, corresponding rendering parameters, and the total number of paths, determines the affiliation of nodes and display paths, and generates a dynamic display structure table for the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0066] Example 2: The image feature extraction submodule of the AR image acquisition module consists of a surface image acquisition unit, a texture feature extraction unit, and an environmental parameter recording unit. After receiving the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup captured by the camera, the surface image acquisition unit first converts the analog signal into a digital signal. This conversion process allows the image data to be recognized and processed by the computer system. Subsequently, the digital image is converted to grayscale by calculating the pixel values ​​of the three RGB channels of the color image according to a specific ratio, thus reducing the amount of image data while preserving the basic outline and features of objects in the image. Based on this, a filtering algorithm is used to remove noise from the image. This noise may originate from the camera's own photosensitive element, interfering light in the shooting environment, etc. After noise reduction, a clear surface image is obtained, preparing for subsequent feature extraction.

[0067] The texture feature extraction unit performs edge detection and feature point extraction on clear surface images. Edge detection identifies the boundaries of texture lines and the outlines of patterns on the outer surface of the thermos by analyzing abrupt changes in pixel values ​​in the image. This edge information delineates the basic shape of the texture. Feature point extraction identifies unique and stable points in the image that remain relatively stable under different angles and lighting conditions, serving as markers to distinguish different texture regions. During the extraction process, the coordinate position and pixel value of each texture feature are recorded simultaneously. The coordinate position is accurate to the pixel level of the image, and the pixel value reflects the brightness information at that location. These data together constitute the texture feature set, fully presenting the texture details of the outer surface of the thermos.

[0068] The environmental parameter recording unit simultaneously acquires ambient light intensity, camera angle, and timestamp information in real time during image acquisition. Ambient light intensity is obtained through a light sensor, reflecting the ambient light level at the time of capture. The camera angle is recorded by an angle sensor mounted on the camera, including both horizontal and vertical angles, reflecting the camera's spatial position relative to the thermos cup during capture. The timestamp is accurate to the millisecond level, recording the specific time each frame was acquired. These environmental parameters are correlated with corresponding texture features, ensuring that each texture feature carries information about the environmental conditions at the time of acquisition. This results in a key feature location distribution result, which includes both the spatial location of the texture feature and the environmental parameters at the time of acquisition.

[0069] The original feature fragment construction submodule locates the corresponding region of each key feature in the surface image based on the key feature location distribution results, and then extracts feature fragments according to the location range of the key features in the image. The extraction range is strictly limited to the region where the key feature is located to ensure that the extracted fragment can completely contain all the information of the key feature. Then, according to the location of the extracted features for each key feature, these fragments are organized to construct a feature fragment set. At the same time, according to the image source to which the feature belongs, the feature fragments are reorganized, and feature fragments from the same image are grouped together to obtain the original sequence fragment set of key features. The fragments in this set maintain their relative positional relationship in the original image.

[0070] The feature template generation submodule processes the original sequence set of key feature fragments. First, it counts the frequency of each key feature in the set, determining the frequency of each feature's occurrence to understand the distribution frequency of different features on the outer surface of the thermos. Next, it rearranges the feature fragment set according to the original order of the key features in the surface image, ensuring the fragment order matches their distribution order on the actual thermos surface. For multiple key features in the same image, their corresponding original sequence fragments are sequentially spliced ​​according to their first occurrence position, forming a continuous feature fragment sequence that fully represents the distribution of key features in the image. Finally, it calculates the feature weights for each image, taking into account factors such as feature frequency and uniqueness. These results are then categorized and integrated, grouping image fragments with similar features and weights into one category, ultimately forming the original AR image feature template. This template comprehensively reflects the image features of the thermos's outer surface under different environments and angles.

[0071] Example 3: The hierarchical sorting submodule of the display content modeling module includes a hierarchical label allocation unit, a priority comparison unit, and a position rearrangement unit. The hierarchical label allocation unit assigns a hierarchical label to each display content element, which includes text, patterns, and dynamic effects. Content elements corresponding to bottom-level labels are used to present the basic background, such as the background pattern or brand logo on the outer surface of a thermos; content elements corresponding to top-level labels are used for interactive prompts, such as high temperature warnings or low water level reminders. Each hierarchical label has a corresponding numerical value, the magnitude of which is related to the level of the hierarchy. This label allocation method allows different types of display content elements to be clearly distinguished and managed.

[0072] The priority comparison unit compares the hierarchical label values ​​of each content element. A smaller value indicates a higher priority for the content element, which will be prioritized and placed at the bottom of the display order. For example, if a basic background image has a hierarchical label value of 1, while an interactive tooltip has a hierarchical label value of 5, the basic background image has a higher priority and will be processed and arranged first. During the comparison process, for content elements with the same hierarchical label value, their relationship in the display logic is further considered to ensure that the priority determination conforms to the overall display requirements. This comparison method clearly defines the order of all content elements in the display sequence.

[0073] The position rearrangement unit, based on priority comparisons, rearranges content elements from bottom to top, generating a rearrangement sequence index table, which in turn yields the content element sorting index values. The index table records the original identifier and rearranged position information of each content element. The sorting index value represents the specific position of each element in the rearrangement sequence in numerical form; for example, an element with a sorting index value of 1 is at the bottom, and an element with a sorting index value of n is at the top. This rearrangement method ensures that bottom-level elements are displayed before top-level elements, avoiding occlusion issues between layers.

[0074] The path construction submodule extracts adjacent layer sets from the rearranged sequence of content elements based on their sorting index values. Each adjacent layer set consists of two content elements with consecutive sorting index values; for example, elements with sorting indices 2 and 3 form a pair of adjacent layers. For each pair of adjacent layers, their stacking order is recorded—which layer is on top and which is below—along with the transition method during stacking, such as direct overlap or semi-transparent stacking. This information on adjacent layers and their stacking order is integrated to form content element display path data, which comprehensively reflects the display flow and stacking relationships of content elements from the bottom to the top layer.

[0075] The node structure extraction submodule collects layer numbers and adjacent layer pairs from all overlay layers based on the content element display path data. The layer number is a unique identifier for each content element in the system, and the adjacent layer pair relationship records the combination of layer numbers for each pair of adjacent layers. A layer mapping table is constructed based on these adjacent structural relationships. This table stores details of the hierarchical relationship type between each content element, such as whether it is an inclusion or parallel relationship, and the overlay direction, such as horizontal or vertical overlay. In this way, the scattered content element display path data is transformed into a structured layer mapping table, ultimately obtaining the display content path structure. During this process, the overlay angle θ between layers can be obtained using the formula... Perform calculations, where Indicates the reference angle of the upper-level element. This indicates the reference angle of the lower-layer element, thereby determining the relative angular relationship between the two layers when they are stacked. The display content path structure provides clear path guidance for subsequent spatial positioning calibration, ensuring that the dynamically displayed content can be accurately superimposed on the corresponding position on the outer surface of the thermos.

[0076] Example 4: The path extraction submodule of the spatial positioning calibration module collects the display path layer sequence based on the display content path structure. For example, when there are two display paths in the system, one for displaying the temperature information of a thermos and the other for displaying a user-defined pattern, the path extraction submodule will collect the layer sequences in these two paths respectively. For the temperature information display path, the layer sequence may include the bottom background color layer, the middle temperature value layer, and the top unit identifier layer; for the user-defined pattern path, the layer sequence may include the bottom transparent base layer, the middle pattern outline layer, and the top pattern color layer. Next, the layer number information under each path is extracted sequentially, such as L1, L2, L3 in the temperature information path and M1, M2, M3 in the user-defined pattern path, and a display path layer mapping set is established, associating the layer number with the corresponding path content. At the same time, the display content identifier of each path is marked, such as T for temperature information path and P for custom pattern path, as well as the path length parameter, that is, the number of layers contained in the path. The length parameter of both temperature information path and custom pattern path is 3, and finally the display path layer number value is obtained.

[0077] The intersection comparison submodule, based on the layer number values ​​of the display paths, calls the layer number sequences of any two display paths for intersection comparison. Taking the temperature information path and the custom pattern path as examples, it calls their layer number sequences L1, L2, L3 and M1, M2, M3 to perform an intersection comparison operation on the layer sets of these two paths. If, during the comparison, it is found that the top layer L3 of the temperature information path and the top layer M3 of the custom pattern path are both interactive layers used to prompt the user, and belong to overlapping top-level display layers, then the numbers L3 and M3 of these two top-level display layers are extracted. Subsequently, the number of times L3 appears in the temperature information path and other paths that may contain this layer is counted, and the number of times M3 appears in the custom pattern path and other paths that may contain this layer is counted. These counts are compared one by one with a preset path intersection judgment benchmark value. If the count reaches or exceeds the benchmark value, the two paths are considered to be a path pair combination that meets the conditions, and a set of intersection numbers of paths that meet the conditions is established, including layer numbers such as L3 and M3.

[0078] The path filtering submodule retrieves the original display path identifier based on the set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions, according to the path combination corresponding to the number. For example, based on the path combination corresponding to L3 and M3, the original display path identifiers T and P are retrieved. The display path identifiers T and P are integrated with the path intersection layer information L3 and M3 to clarify that paths T and P have an intersection relationship at the L3 and M3 layers. A display path relationship linked list is then established, and this information is chained together in a certain order to form a set of display content intersection paths. This set clearly presents the intersection relationships between different display paths.

[0079] The rendering parameter acquisition submodule of the dynamic rendering control module collects the rendering parameter set belonging to each top-level display layer in the set of cross-paths of the displayed content, such as L3 and M3. For the L3 layer, its rendering parameters may include font size, color, and flicker frequency; for the M3 layer, its rendering parameters may include transparency, color saturation, and dynamic transformation speed. These rendering parameters are indexed and mapped to the corresponding display paths, such as associating the rendering parameters of the L3 layer with the T path and the rendering parameters of the M3 layer with the P path, generating a path top-level rendering parameter group. This parameter group contains the specific rendering parameter information of each path's top level.

[0080] The parameter frequency statistics submodule performs a repetition count operation on all rendering parameters based on the top-level rendering parameter group of each path. For example, it counts the number of times the font size parameter, color parameter, and transparency parameter appear in the top-level rendering parameters of each path. After recording the number of times each rendering parameter appears in the display path set, it sorts the parameters from highest to lowest frequency to obtain a sorted rendering parameter sequence. For example, the color parameter appears most frequently and is ranked first, followed by the font size parameter, then the transparency parameter, and so on.

[0081] The control mode determination submodule performs a matching judgment on the parameter set corresponding to the top-level display layer in the display path based on the sorted rendering parameter sequence. Taking the temperature information path T as an example, its top-level L3 parameter set is font size A, color red, and flashing frequency B. In the sorted rendering parameter sequence, the color parameter is first and red exists in the sequence, so the color red is selected as the control rendering mode corresponding to path T. Similarly, the corresponding control rendering mode is matched for the custom pattern path P. By integrating the control rendering modes of all display paths, a display content rendering control parameter group is obtained. This parameter group provides specific parameter guidance for the rendering process of the dynamic display on the outer surface of the thermos cup.

[0082] Example 5: The control mode determination submodule of the dynamic rendering control module consists of a parameter matching unit, a priority selection unit, and a mode integration unit. The parameter matching unit is responsible for comparing each parameter in the sorted rendering parameter sequence with the parameters of the top-level display layer of the display path to find a completely matching parameter. The sorted rendering parameter sequence is arranged from high to low frequency according to the parameters' occurrence in each display path. For example, a sequence might contain parameters such as "semi-transparent display," "red fill," and "dynamic blinking." When processing a display path, the parameter matching unit extracts the parameters in the sequence one by one and compares them with the parameters of the top-level display layer of that path. If the parameter of the top-level display layer is "red fill," the corresponding "red fill" parameter is found in the sequence. After confirming a complete match, it is used as a candidate parameter.

[0083] The priority selection unit comes into play when multiple matching parameter items exist. Suppose the top-level display layer parameter of a certain display path matches both "red fill" and "semi-transparent display" in the sorted rendering parameter sequence. In this case, the priority selection unit will choose the parameter that appears earlier in the sequence as the controlling rendering mode for that path. Since "semi-transparent display" precedes "red fill" in the sequence, it indicates that it occurs more frequently; therefore, "semi-transparent display" is determined as the controlling rendering mode for this path. This selection method ensures that the rendering mode better aligns with the common needs of most paths, guaranteeing the overall consistency of the display effect.

[0084] The mode integration unit summarizes the control rendering modes of all display paths, removes duplicates, and forms a set of display content rendering control parameters. For example, if the summary reveals that multiple paths' control rendering modes all contain "red fill," then only one "red fill" parameter will be retained in the final parameter set. This parameter set covers all unique rendering modes, providing a unified rendering standard for the dynamic display of the thermos cup's outer surface.

[0085] The node extraction submodule of the display structure output module collects the display area nodes corresponding to each parameter based on the rendering control parameter group for the display content. Display area nodes are different regions divided on the outer surface of the thermos, such as the middle area of ​​the body or the top area of ​​the lid. Each area node has its specific display range. The node extraction submodule records the path numbers associated with each display area node, i.e., which display paths correspond to this area, and the number of display path sets to which these paths belong. Simultaneously, it establishes a matching index between rendering parameters and display nodes to determine which area node a given rendering parameter should apply to, ultimately obtaining the node number value to which the parameter belongs, used to identify the specific area node corresponding to each parameter.

[0086] The path classification submodule assigns display paths to nodes in each display area based on the node number of the parameter. For example, if the node number corresponding to the "red fill" parameter is N1, and a display path's rendering parameters include "red fill," then that path is assigned to node N1. During this process, a bidirectional correspondence is established between display path numbers and node numbers. The path number allows querying its associated node, and the node number allows querying the contained paths. The list of path numbers belonging to each node is extracted, and the number of paths in the list is counted to obtain the node path belonging count value. This value reflects the number of display paths carried by each area node.

[0087] The structure generation submodule maps and integrates display area nodes with their subordinate display path numbers based on the number of nodes belonging to those paths. For example, if node N1 has path numbers P2, P5, and P7, this information is linked and integrated to form a clear hierarchical structure. The output includes display area node indexes for quick node location; corresponding rendering parameters indicating the rendering mode used by the node; and the total number of paths belonging to the node. By clearly defining the relationship between nodes and display paths, a dynamic display structure table for the outer surface of the thermos cup is ultimately generated. This structure table fully presents the relationships between each area node, its corresponding path, and the rendering mode, providing detailed structural guidance for the system to achieve dynamic display.

[0088] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0089] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology, characterized in that, The system includes: The AR image acquisition module acquires images of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information, extracts surface texture features, records image acquisition angle and time parameters, generates surface image feature sequence, and constructs original feature templates for AR images. The display content modeling module, based on the original feature template of the AR image, layers the display content elements, establishes a content element display path from the bottom layer to the top layer according to the layering results, collects the superposition order of all layers in the path and the relationship between adjacent layers, and constructs the display content path structure. The spatial positioning calibration module extracts the display path layer sequence based on the display content path structure, compares overlapping layers and counts the display frequency of the top layer, filters the cross display paths, and obtains the display content cross path set. The spatial positioning calibration module includes: Based on the display content path structure, the path extraction submodule collects the layer sequence in any two display paths, extracts the layer number information under each path in turn, establishes a display path layer mapping set, marks the display content identifier and path length parameter of each path, and obtains the display path layer number value. The intersection comparison submodule calls the layer number sequence of any two display paths based on the display path layer number value, performs an intersection comparison operation on the layer set of the two paths, extracts all top-level display layer numbers in the intersection, counts the number of times this type of layer appears in different paths, compares it with the path intersection judgment benchmark value one by one, filters the path pair combinations that meet the conditions, and establishes a set of path intersection numbers that meet the conditions. The path filtering submodule, based on the set of intersection numbers of paths that meet the conditions, queries the original display path identifier according to the path combination corresponding to the number, integrates the display path identifier and the path intersection layer information, establishes a display path relationship chain, and generates a set of display content intersection paths; The dynamic rendering control module collects the rendering parameters of the top-level display layer based on the top-level display layer in the set of cross paths of the display content, sorts them by frequency of occurrence, matches the top-level rendering mode of the path, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group. The dynamic rendering control module includes: The rendering parameter acquisition submodule collects the rendering parameter set to which each top-level display layer belongs based on the top-level display layer in the set of cross paths of the display content, performs index mapping between the display path and its top-level parameters, and generates a path top-level rendering parameter group. The parameter frequency statistics submodule performs a repetition count operation on all rendering parameters based on the top-level rendering parameter group of the path, records the number of times each rendering parameter appears in the display path set, and sorts them from high to low according to the number of occurrences to obtain a sorted rendering parameter sequence. The control mode determination submodule performs a matching judgment on the parameter set corresponding to the top display layer in the display path according to the sorted rendering parameter sequence, selects the parameter item in each path that is the first in the sorted sequence as the rendering mode corresponding to the path, integrates the rendering modes of all display paths, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group. The display structure output module, based on the display content rendering control parameter group, counts the display area nodes controlled by each parameter, divides the display path under the corresponding node, establishes the rendering control relationship structure between the node and the display path, and generates a dynamic display structure table of the outer surface of the thermos cup.

2. The AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AR image original feature template includes a texture feature arrangement structure, an image angle fragment set, and an environmental parameter weight model. The display content path structure includes a content element hierarchical mapping relationship, a display path layer chain, and a layer overlay relationship set. The display content cross path set includes a path overlap layer set, a top-level display frequency distribution, and cross-layer filtering results. The display content rendering control parameter group includes a rendering parameter frequency ranking, a path top-level rendering parameter mapping, and a rendering mode matching result. The thermos cup outer surface dynamic display structure table includes display area node identifiers, display path grouping results, and rendering control relationship mapping results.

3. The AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AR image acquisition module includes: The image feature extraction submodule acquires the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup and ambient light information, performs feature-level acquisition operations on the surface image, extracts the texture feature set of each region, records the position parameters of each feature in the image, compares the relationship between the first occurrence position of the key feature in the feature list and the number of features, classifies the images, and obtains the key feature position distribution results. The original feature fragment construction submodule extracts the feature fragments corresponding to the key features in the surface image based on the key feature location distribution results, truncates the features based on the location range of the key features in the image, constructs a feature fragment set based on the location of each key feature truncated feature, and reassembles it with the image to which the feature belongs to obtain the original sequence fragment set of key features. The feature template generation submodule calculates the frequency of occurrence of all key features based on the original sequence fragment set of key features. Based on the original order of key features in the surface image, it performs position rearrangement processing on the feature fragment set, splices the original sequence fragments of multiple key features in the same image according to the first occurrence position, and classifies and integrates the feature weight results corresponding to each image to obtain the original feature template of the AR image.

4. The dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display content modeling module includes: The hierarchical sorting submodule, based on the original feature template of the AR image and combined with the hierarchical labels of the displayed content elements, compares and sorts all content elements according to their hierarchical label priority values, rearranges the positions of the displayed content elements from bottom to top, establishes a rearrangement sequence index table, and obtains the content element sorting index value. The path construction submodule obtains the set of adjacent layers in the rearranged sequence of content elements based on the sorting index value of the content elements, records the stacking order of each pair of adjacent layers, integrates the structural layer information, and generates content element display path data. The node structure extraction submodule collects the layer numbers and adjacent layer pairs in all overlay layers based on the content element display path data, constructs a layer mapping table based on the adjacent structural relationships, stores the upper and lower layer relationship types and overlay directions between each content element, and obtains the display content path structure.

5. The dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display structure output module includes: The node extraction submodule collects the display area nodes corresponding to each parameter according to the display content rendering control parameter group, records the path numbers associated with each display area node and the number of corresponding display path sets, determines the matching index between the rendering parameters and the display nodes, and obtains the node number value to which the parameter belongs. The path classification submodule, based on the node number value of the parameter, divides the corresponding display path into each display area node according to the rendering parameter as the classification basis, establishes a two-way correspondence structure between the display path number and the node number, extracts the path number list to which each node belongs, and obtains the number value of the node path belonging. The structure generation submodule integrates the display area nodes and their subordinate display path numbers according to the number of node paths, outputs the display area node index, corresponding rendering parameters and total number of paths, determines the affiliation of nodes and display paths, and generates a dynamic display structure table for the outer surface of the thermos cup.

6. The AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup according to claim 3, characterized in that, The image feature extraction submodule includes: The surface image acquisition unit receives the image of the outer surface of the thermos cup captured by the camera, converts it into a digital signal and performs grayscale processing to remove image noise and obtain a clear surface image. The texture feature extraction unit performs edge detection and feature point extraction operations on clear surface images, identifies the texture lines and pattern contours of the surface, records the coordinate position and pixel value of each texture feature, and forms a texture feature set. The environmental parameter recording unit synchronously collects ambient light intensity, camera angle, and timestamp information during image acquisition and associates them with the corresponding texture features.

7. The AR-based dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hierarchical sorting submodule includes: The hierarchical label allocation unit assigns hierarchical labels to each displayed content element. The bottom-level labels are used for basic background display, and the top-level labels are used for interactive prompts. The displayed content elements include text, patterns, and dynamic effects. The priority comparison unit compares the numerical values ​​of the hierarchical tags of each content element. The smaller the value, the higher the priority, and the lower-level elements are ranked first. The position rearrangement unit rearranges the content elements from the bottom layer to the top layer according to the priority comparison result, generates a rearrangement sequence index table, and obtains the sorting index value of the content elements.

8. The dynamic display system for the outer surface of a thermos cup based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control mode determination submodule includes: The parameter matching unit compares each parameter in the sorted rendering parameter sequence with the top-level display layer parameters of the display path to find a parameter item that matches perfectly. If multiple matching parameter items exist in the priority selection unit, the parameter with the highest position in the sorted sequence is selected as the rendering mode for that path; The mode integration unit summarizes the rendering modes of all display paths, removes duplicates, and obtains the display content rendering control parameter group.

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