Distributed photovoltaic equipment for rural residence

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and discloses a distributed photovoltaic device for rural residences, which comprises photovoltaic panels, roll-over stands and adjusting mechanisms, the photovoltaic panels are fixedly mounted on the roll-over stands, the distributed photovoltaic device further comprises a guide rail, a plurality of sliding bases are slidably mounted on the guide rail, a connecting rod is arranged between every two adjacent roll-over stands, and the adjusting mechanisms are arranged on the connecting rods. One end of each connecting rod is rotationally connected with the corresponding turnover frame, the other end of each connecting rod is slidably connected with the corresponding guide sliding groove in the adjacent turnover frame, and a cleaning roller is installed on the surface of each connecting rod through an elastic piece. According to the photovoltaic panel cleaning device, the traction mechanism is arranged to drive the sliding bases to slide along the guide rails, so that the adjacent sliding bases can be far away from or close to each other, and the distance between the adjacent overturning frames is changed accordingly; the connecting rods and the cleaning rollers are arranged between the adjacent overturning frames, so that when the sliding bases move, the cleaning rollers slide along the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the photovoltaic panel cleaning device has the function of cleaning foreign matters on the surfaces of photovoltaic panels, and solves the problems of high working intensity and low efficiency of cleaning one by one due to a large number of photovoltaic panels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use. Background Technology

[0002] As the core component of a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system, the installation tilt angle of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels has a significant impact on the overall system's power generation efficiency. With seasonal changes, the solar altitude angle and radiation intensity also vary. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of PV panels at the same tilt angle will differ in different seasons. To fully utilize solar energy resources, adjustable mounting brackets or tracking systems can be considered in the design phase to adjust the tilt angle of the PV panels according to different seasons.

[0003] In the prior art, patent document CN113452315B discloses an incident angle adjustment device for photovoltaic modules used in photovoltaic power generation devices, including: a mounting plate having several rows, on which photovoltaic panels are mounted; an adjustment mechanism installed at the bottom of each mounting plate, which can adjust the angle of the mounting plate relative to the position of sunlight; and a synchronization mechanism installed on one side of the adjustment mechanism, which simultaneously shortens or lengthens the distance between each row of mounting plates when the adjustment mechanism adjusts the angle of the mounting plate. When photovoltaic panels are installed on rooftops, the photovoltaic panels can adjust their angle according to the seasons, and the distance between each row of photovoltaic panels can be adjusted at the same time as the angle adjustment, making full use of sunlight in all four seasons and reducing the difference in electricity generation in different seasons. However, there are still many shortcomings.

[0004] Taking distributed photovoltaic equipment used in rural residences as an example, the homeowner bears the responsibility of maintenance and regularly cleans the photovoltaic panels to remove bird droppings, dust and other foreign objects from the surface of the photovoltaic panels to ensure normal power generation efficiency. If the photovoltaic panels are cleaned manually one by one, the labor intensity is relatively high and it is difficult to implement. Based on this, the existing photovoltaic equipment has the problem of difficulty in cleaning foreign objects from the surface of the photovoltaic panels, which urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of difficulty in cleaning foreign objects from the surface of photovoltaic panels in the prior art, and to propose a distributed photovoltaic device for rural residences.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a distributed photovoltaic device for rural residences, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a flipping frame, and an adjustment mechanism. The photovoltaic panel is fixedly installed on the flipping frame, and the flipping angle of the flipping frame is controlled by the adjustment mechanism. The device also includes a guide rail, on which multiple sliding bases are slidably installed. Each sliding base is connected in series by a connecting belt. A traction mechanism is provided at the end of the guide rail, which drives the sliding bases to move back and forth along the guide rail.

[0007] Each sliding base has a connecting shaft rotatably mounted on its upper surface. Each sliding base is equipped with a flipping frame, and the lower side of the flipping frame is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. Each flipping frame has a guide groove on its side. A connecting rod is provided between two adjacent flipping frames. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the flipping frame, and the other end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the guide groove on the adjacent flipping frame. A cleaning roller is mounted on the surface of the connecting rod through an elastic element. Under the elastic force of the elastic element, the cleaning roller is in close contact with the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The traction mechanism drives the sliding base to slide along the guide rail, and the distance between adjacent flipping frames changes, so that the cleaning roller slides along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which has the function of cleaning foreign objects on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a limiting component and an electric push rod. The limiting component constrains the rotation angle of the connecting shaft. The electric push rod is mounted on a sliding base near the traction mechanism. The bottom end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the sliding base, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the tilting frame.

[0009] The limiting assembly includes an angle plate and a telescopic pin. The angle plate is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. Multiple limiting holes are opened on the surface of the angle plate. A first mounting cavity is opened inside the sliding base. The telescopic pin is slidably installed in the first mounting cavity. A first spring is provided in the first mounting cavity to press against the telescopic pin. Under the action of the first spring, the end of the telescopic pin is inserted into the limiting hole. The angle of the angle plate is constrained by the telescopic pin, thereby fixing the tilt angle of the tilting frame.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting component further includes a control block, the sliding base has a second mounting cavity inside, the control block is slidably mounted in the second mounting cavity, the surface of the control block has a waist-shaped groove, a T-shaped pin is movably inserted in the waist-shaped groove, the end of the T-shaped pin is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic pin, and a strike rod extending to the outside of the sliding base is fixedly mounted at the end of the control block, and a second spring that presses against the strike rod outward is sleeved on the surface of the strike rod.

[0011] The control block has a first positioning surface and a second positioning surface on the side away from the telescopic pin. The first positioning surface and the second positioning surface are transitioned by an inclined surface. The opening of the limiting hole is a conical opening, and the end of the telescopic pin is a conical end. When the end of the T-pin is pressed against the first positioning surface, the end of the telescopic pin is inserted into the straight hole of the limiting hole. In this state, the telescopic pin fully constrains the angle plate, that is, fully constrains the tilting frame, so that the tilting frame maintains a fixed angle.

[0012] When the end face of the T-pin is pressed against the second positioning surface, the tapered end of the telescopic pin moves from the straight hole of the limiting hole to the tapered opening of the limiting hole. In this state, the telescopic pin achieves partial constraint on the angle plate, that is, partial constraint on the tilting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the traction mechanism includes a winch, a first steel cable, and a second steel cable. The winch is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail, and a guide wheel is rotatably installed at the end of the guide rail away from the winch. Connecting plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding base closest to the guide wheel. The ends of the first and second steel cables are fixedly connected to the connecting plates, and the second steel cable is wound around the surface of the guide wheel. The winch pulls the sliding base towards the winch via the first steel cable, and the winch pulls the sliding base away from the winch via the second steel cable.

[0014] The traction mechanism drives each sliding base to move closer to each other. The impact rod collides with the sliding base, causing the conical end of the telescopic pin to move from the straight hole of the limiting hole to the conical opening of the limiting hole. At this time, the upper end of the connecting rod located on the upper side slides along the guide groove to the upper end of the guide groove. Each sliding base moves closer to each other and presses against each other, so that the telescopic pin is in a semi-constrained state on the tilting frame. Then, through the extension and retraction action of the electric push rod, each tilting frame is driven to tilt, and the angle adjustment of all tilting frames is completed in one go.

[0015] Preferably, a spray pipe is provided on the upper side of the guide rail, and the input end of the spray pipe is connected to a tap water pipe or the outlet pipe of a water pump. A protective shed is provided on the outside of the winch, and the end of the guide rail extends into the protective shed. The spray pipe is fixed on the upper side of the entrance of the protective shed. In the event of strong winds, blizzards, or freezing nights, all photovoltaic panels can be stored in the protective shed, reducing the risk of damage and making them safer to use. When the photovoltaic panels enter and exit the protective shed, cleaning liquid is sprayed through the spray pipe. This, in conjunction with the cleaning roller, solves the problem of watering all photovoltaic panels and further improves the convenience of cleaning foreign objects from the surface of the photovoltaic panels.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The photovoltaic equipment proposed in this invention uses a traction mechanism to drive the sliding base to slide along the guide rail, allowing adjacent sliding bases to move away from or closer to each other. The spacing between adjacent flipping frames also changes accordingly. Since there are connecting rods and cleaning rollers between adjacent flipping frames, when the sliding base moves, the cleaning rollers slide along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which has the function of cleaning foreign objects on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. This solves the problem of high workload and low efficiency of cleaning a large number of photovoltaic panels one by one. Moreover, there is no need to install a drive mechanism on each cleaning roller, making the structure of the photovoltaic equipment simple, reducing investment costs and subsequent maintenance costs, so as to promote its promotion and application.

[0018] 2. The photovoltaic equipment proposed in this invention has a rotating frame mounted on a sliding base. The rotation angle of the rotating frame is controlled by an adjustment mechanism, making the angle of the rotating frame and the photovoltaic panel adjustable. With seasonal changes, the solar altitude angle and radiation intensity change, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted in different seasons. An appropriate tilt angle can allow the photovoltaic panel to receive more solar radiation, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0019] The limiting component in the adjustment mechanism has both full and partial constraint functions for the tilting frame. When the end of the telescopic pin is inserted into the straight hole of the limiting hole, the tilting frame is fully constrained, keeping it at a fixed angle. When the tapered end of the telescopic pin moves from the straight hole of the limiting hole to the tapered opening of the limiting hole, the tilting frame is partially constrained. The angle of each tilting frame can be adjusted at once by the push and pull action of the electric push rod, making the operation more convenient.

[0020] 3. The photovoltaic equipment proposed in this invention, by setting up a protective shed and spray pipes, drives the sliding base to move along the guide rail into the protective shed through a traction mechanism. In the event of strong winds, blizzards, or freezing nights, all photovoltaic panels can be stored in the protective shed, reducing the risk of damage and making it safer to use. When the photovoltaic panels are moving in and out of the protective shed, cleaning liquid is sprayed through the spray pipes, which works in conjunction with the cleaning rollers to solve the problem of inconvenience in spraying water on all photovoltaic panels, further improving the convenience of cleaning foreign objects from the surface of the photovoltaic panels. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the photovoltaic device proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure between the winch and the guide rail;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout of the protective shed;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flipping frame proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flipping frame proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the front view of two adjacent flipping frames. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the front view of two adjacent flipping frames. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 9 A partial structural diagram of the sliding base after an overhead section. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 10 A partial structural diagram of the sliding base after an overhead section. Figure 2 .

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Photovoltaic panel, 2. Tilting frame, 3. Guide rail, 4. Sliding base, 5. Connecting belt, 6. Connecting shaft, 7. Guide groove, 8. Connecting rod, 9. Cleaning roller, 10. Elastic element, 11. Electric push rod, 12. Angle plate, 13. Telescopic pin, 14. Limiting hole, 15. First spring, 16. T-pin, 17. Waist groove, 18. Impact rod, 19. Second spring, 20. First positioning surface, 21. Second positioning surface, 22. Conical opening, 23. Conical end, 25. First steel cable, 26. Second steel cable, 27. Guide wheel, 28. Connecting plate, 29. Spray pipe, 30. Protective shed, 31. Winch, 32. Third positioning surface, 33. Control block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-10 A distributed photovoltaic (PV) device for rural residences includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a flipping frame 2, and an adjustment mechanism. The photovoltaic panel 1 is fixedly installed on the flipping frame 2. The flipping angle of the flipping frame 2 is controlled by the adjustment mechanism. The PV device also includes a guide rail 3. Multiple sliding bases 4 are slidably installed on the guide rail 3. Each sliding base 4 is connected in series by a connecting belt 5. When adjacent sliding bases 4 are separated, the connecting belt 5 is tensioned. The distance between adjacent sliding bases 4 is determined by the length of the connecting belt 5. A traction mechanism is provided at the end of the guide rail 3, which drives the sliding bases 4 to move back and forth along the guide rail 3.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the traction mechanism includes a winch 31, a first steel cable 25, and a second steel cable 26. The winch 31 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail 3. A guide wheel 27 is rotatably installed at the end of the guide rail 3 away from the winch 31. Connecting plates 28 are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding base 4 closest to the guide wheel 27. The ends of the first steel cable 25 and the second steel cable 26 are fixedly connected to the connecting plates 28, and the second steel cable 26 is wound around the surface of the guide wheel 27. The winch 31 pulls the sliding base 4 towards the direction closer to the winch 31 through the first steel cable 25, and the winch 31 pulls the sliding base 4 away from the winch 31 through the second steel cable 26.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 The sliding base 4 closest to the winch 31 is connected to the crossbeam of the guide rail 3 via the connecting belt 5, thereby limiting the movement range of the sliding base 4. The winch 31 pulls the end sliding base 4 to move via the first steel cable 25 or the second steel cable 26, so that each sliding base 4 can be separated from or brought closer to each other.

[0037] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a connecting shaft 6 is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of each sliding base 4. A flipping frame 2 is provided on each sliding base 4, and the lower side of the flipping frame 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 6. A guide groove 7 is provided on the side of each flipping frame 2. A connecting rod 8 is provided between two adjacent flipping frames 2. One end of the connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected to the flipping frame 2, and the other end of the connecting rod 8 is slidably connected to the guide groove 7 on the adjacent flipping frame 2. A cleaning roller 9 is installed on the surface of the connecting rod 8 through an elastic element 10. The elastic element 10 can be an arc-shaped structure made of rubber. Under the elastic force of the elastic element 10, the cleaning roller 9 is in close contact with the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, when the number of photovoltaic panels 1 on a single flipping frame 2 is large or the width is large, multiple connecting rods 8 can be set to increase the number of cleaning rollers 9 and expand the cleaning range. This embodiment takes two connecting rods 8 as an example. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the two connecting rods 8 are parallel and of equal length. The two connecting rods 8 and the two flipping frames 2 on the left and right sides form a parallelogram structure, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 The parallelogram is shown by the dashed line.

[0039] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a limiting component and an electric push rod 11. The limiting component constrains the rotation angle of the connecting shaft 6. The electric push rod 11 is mounted on the sliding base 4 near the traction mechanism. The bottom end of the electric push rod 11 is rotatably connected to the sliding base 4, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 11 is rotatably connected to the tilting frame 2. Figure 3 .

[0040] refer to Figure 6 The limiting component includes an angle plate 12 and a telescopic pin 13. The angle plate 12 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 6. The surface of the angle plate 12 is provided with multiple limiting holes 14. The sliding base 4 is provided with a first mounting cavity. The telescopic pin 13 is slidably installed in the first mounting cavity. A first spring 15 is provided in the first mounting cavity to press against the telescopic pin 13. Under the action of the first spring 15, the end of the telescopic pin 13 is inserted into the limiting hole 14.

[0041] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 The limiting component also includes a control block 33. The sliding base 4 has a second mounting cavity inside, and the control block 33 is slidably mounted in the second mounting cavity. The surface of the control block 33 has a waist-shaped groove 17, and a T-shaped pin 16 is movably inserted into the waist-shaped groove 17. The T-shaped pin 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic pin 13. The end of the control block 33 is fixedly mounted with a strike rod 18 extending to the outside of the sliding base 4. The surface of the strike rod 18 is fitted with a second spring 19 that presses against the strike rod 18 outward. When the strike rod 18 is pressed into the sliding base 4, the second spring 19 is compressed, thereby pushing the control block 33 to slide along the second mounting cavity, releasing the pressure on the strike rod 18. Under the action of the second spring 19, the position of the control block 33 is reset.

[0042] The control block 33 is provided with a first positioning surface 20 and a second positioning surface 21 on the side away from the telescopic pin 13. The first positioning surface 20 and the second positioning surface 21 are connected by an inclined surface. The opening of the limiting hole 14 is a conical opening 22, and the end of the telescopic pin 13 is a conical end 23.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, when the end of the T-pin 16 is pressed against the first positioning surface 20, the end of the telescopic pin 13 is inserted into the straight hole of the limiting hole 14. In this state, the telescopic pin 13 fully constrains the angle plate 12, that is, fully constrains the flipping frame 2, so that the flipping frame 2 maintains a fixed angle.

[0044] like Figure 10 As shown, when the end face of the T-pin 16 is pressed against the second positioning surface 21, the conical end 23 of the telescopic pin 13 moves from the straight hole of the limiting hole 14 to the conical opening 22 of the limiting hole 14. In this state, the telescopic pin 13 achieves partial constraint on the angle plate 12, that is, it achieves partial constraint on the flipping frame 2. When the flipping frame 2 is flipped by pushing and pulling the electric push rod 11, the angle plate 12 rotates, and the inclined inner wall of the conical opening 22 applies a force to the conical end 23, causing the telescopic pin 13 to move away from the angle plate 12, releasing the constraint of the telescopic pin 13 on the angle plate 12, so that the flipping frame 2 can rotate under a certain external force.

[0045] It should be noted that, as Figure 10As shown, a third positioning surface 32 is provided on the side of the control block 33 away from the telescopic pin 13. When the end of the T-pin 16 is pressed against the third positioning surface 32, the end of the telescopic pin 13 is completely pulled out from the limiting hole 14. This state is used in the assembly process of the flip frame 2, so that the flip frame 2 can be flipped at will, which is convenient for the installer to operate.

[0046] In this embodiment, the traction mechanism drives each sliding base 4 to move closer to each other, and the impact rod 18 collides with the sliding base 4, causing the conical end 23 of the telescopic pin 13 to move from the straight hole of the limiting hole 14 to the conical opening 22 of the limiting hole 14. At this time, the upper end of the connecting rod 8 located on the upper side slides along the guide groove 7 to the upper end of the guide groove 7, such as... Figure 8 As shown, when the electric push rod 11 extends, it pushes the right flip frame 2 to flip counterclockwise. The upper connecting rod 8 applies a pushing force F to the left flip frame 2, where F1 and F2 are the two components of the pushing force. Under the action of F1, the left flip frame 2 flips at the same angle and in the same direction as the right flip frame 2. Therefore, each sliding base 4 approaches and presses against each other, so that the telescopic pin 13 is in a semi-constrained state on the flip frame 2. Through the telescopic action of the electric push rod 11, each flip frame 2 is driven to flip, and the angle adjustment of all flip frames 2 is completed in one go.

[0047] In this embodiment, a spray pipe 29 is provided on the upper side of the guide rail 3. The input end of the spray pipe 29 is connected to a tap water pipe or the outlet pipe of a water pump. A protective canopy 30 is provided on the outside of the winch 31. The end of the guide rail 3 extends into the protective canopy 30. The spray pipe 29 is fixed on the upper side of the entrance of the protective canopy 30. Figure 1 As shown.

[0048] By setting up a protective shed 30 and a spray pipe 29, the sliding base 4 is driven by a traction mechanism to move along the guide rail 3 into the protective shed 30. During nights of strong winds, blizzards, or freezing temperatures, all photovoltaic panels 1 can be stored inside the protective shed 30, reducing the risk of damage and making them safer to use. When the photovoltaic panels 1 enter and exit the protective shed 30, cleaning fluid is sprayed through the spray pipe 29. This, in conjunction with the cleaning roller 9, solves the problem of inconvenient water spraying and rinsing of all photovoltaic panels 1, further improving the convenience of cleaning foreign objects from the surface of the photovoltaic panels 1.

[0049] As the seasons change, the solar altitude angle and radiation intensity change, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 needs to be adjusted in different seasons. The sliding base 4 is driven by the traction mechanism to move along the guide rail 3 into the protective shed 30. When the sliding base 4 moves closer and presses against each other, the telescopic pin 13 is in a semi-constrained state on the flipping frame 2. The telescopic action of the electric push rod 11 drives the flipping frame 2 to flip, and the angle adjustment of all flipping frames 2 is completed in one go. Then, the traction mechanism is used to drive the sliding base 4 to move along the guide rail 3 and move out of the protective shed 30, thus completing the tilt angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1. An appropriate tilt angle can allow the photovoltaic panel 1 to receive more solar radiation, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0050] By setting a traction mechanism to drive the sliding base 4 to slide along the guide rail 3, the adjacent sliding bases 4 can move away from or close to each other, and the distance between the adjacent flipping frames 2 also changes accordingly. Since there is a connecting rod 8 and a cleaning roller 9 between the adjacent flipping frames 2, when the sliding base 4 moves, the cleaning roller 9 slides along the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1, which has the function of cleaning foreign objects on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1. This solves the problem of high workload and low efficiency of cleaning a large number of photovoltaic panels 1 one by one. Moreover, there is no need to install a drive mechanism on each cleaning roller 9, which makes the structure of the photovoltaic equipment simple, reduces the investment cost and the later maintenance cost, so as to promote its promotion and application.

[0051] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rotating frame 2, which is furthest from the protective shed 30, lacks a cleaning roller 9 on its surface. Therefore, it is impossible to automatically clean the photovoltaic panel 1 on the rotating frame 2. The installation position of the rotating frame 2 can be left empty, and the photovoltaic panel 1 can be not installed on the rotating frame 2, or it can be cleaned manually on a regular basis.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use, comprising a photovoltaic panel (1), a flipping frame (2), and an adjustment mechanism, wherein the photovoltaic panel (1) is fixedly installed on the flipping frame (2), and the flipping angle of the flipping frame (2) is controlled by the adjustment mechanism, characterized in that: It also includes a guide rail (3), on which multiple sliding bases (4) are slidably mounted. Each sliding base (4) is connected in series by a connecting belt (5). A traction mechanism is provided at the end of the guide rail (3), which drives the sliding base (4) to move back and forth along the guide rail (3). Each sliding base (4) has a connecting shaft (6) rotatably mounted on its upper surface. Each sliding base (4) is provided with a flipping frame (2), and the lower side of the flipping frame (2) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (6). Each flipping frame (2) has a guide groove (7) on its side. A connecting rod (8) is provided between two adjacent flipping frames (2). One end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the flipping frame (2), and the other end of the connecting rod (8) is slidably connected to the guide groove (7) on the adjacent flipping frame (2). A cleaning roller (9) is installed on the surface of the connecting rod (8) through an elastic element (10). Under the elastic force of the elastic element (10), the cleaning roller (9) is in close contact with the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1).

2. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a limiting component and an electric push rod (11). The limiting component constrains the rotation angle of the connecting shaft (6). The electric push rod (11) is set on the sliding base (4) near the traction mechanism. The bottom end of the electric push rod (11) is rotatably connected to the sliding base (4). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (11) is rotatably connected to the tilting frame (2).

3. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component includes an angle plate (12) and a telescopic pin (13). The angle plate (12) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (6). The surface of the angle plate (12) is provided with multiple limiting holes (14). The sliding base (4) is provided with a first mounting cavity. The telescopic pin (13) is slidably installed in the first mounting cavity. A first spring (15) is provided in the first mounting cavity to press against the telescopic pin (13). Under the action of the first spring (15), the end of the telescopic pin (13) is inserted into the limiting hole (14).

4. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component also includes a control block (33). The sliding base (4) has a second mounting cavity inside. The control block (33) is slidably mounted in the second mounting cavity. The surface of the control block (33) has a waist-shaped groove (17). A T-shaped pin (16) is movably inserted in the waist-shaped groove (17). The T-shaped pin (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic pin (13). The end of the control block (33) is fixedly mounted with a strike rod (18) extending to the outside of the sliding base (4). The surface of the strike rod (18) is fitted with a second spring (19) that presses against the strike rod (18) outward.

5. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control block (33) is provided with a first positioning surface (20) and a second positioning surface (21) on the side away from the telescopic pin (13). The first positioning surface (20) and the second positioning surface (21) are connected by an inclined surface. The opening of the limiting hole (14) is a conical opening (22), and the end of the telescopic pin (13) is a conical end (23). When the end of the T-pin (16) is pressed against the first positioning surface (20), the end of the telescopic pin (13) is inserted into the straight hole of the limiting hole (14). When the end face of the T-pin (16) is pressed against the second positioning surface (21), the conical end (23) of the telescopic pin (13) moves from the straight hole of the limiting hole (14) to the conical opening (22) of the limiting hole (14).

6. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction mechanism drives each sliding base (4) to approach each other, and the impact rod (18) collides with the sliding base (4), causing the conical end (23) of the telescopic pin (13) to move from the straight hole of the limiting hole (14) to the conical opening (22) of the limiting hole (14). At this time, the upper end of the connecting rod (8) located on the upper side slides along the guide groove (7) to the upper end of the guide groove (7).

7. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The traction mechanism includes a winch (31), a first steel cable (25), and a second steel cable (26). The winch (31) is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail (3). A guide wheel (27) is rotatably installed at the end of the guide rail (3) away from the winch (31). Connecting plates (28) are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding base (4) closest to the guide wheel (27). The ends of the first steel cable (25) and the second steel cable (26) are fixedly connected to the connecting plates (28). The second steel cable (26) is wound around the surface of the guide wheel (27). The winch (31) pulls the sliding base (4) towards the winch (31) through the first steel cable (25). The winch (31) pulls the sliding base (4) away from the winch (31) through the second steel cable (26).

8. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 7, characterized in that: A spray pipe (29) is provided on the upper side of the guide rail (3), and the input end of the spray pipe (29) is connected to the water outlet pipe of the tap water pipe or the water pump.

9. A distributed photovoltaic device for rural residential use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The winch (31) is provided with a protective shed (30) on its outer side, the end of the guide rail (3) extends into the protective shed (30), and the spray pipe (29) is fixed on the upper side of the entrance of the protective shed (30).

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