Nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound, flower nutritional agent and application of nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound and flower nutritional agent

Abstract

The invention provides a nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound, a flower nutritional agent and application of the nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound and the flower nutritional agent, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The invention provides a nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound which is characterized in that silicon dioxide aerogel is used as a coating carrier, and a phosphorus and potassium compound is loaded in pores of the aerogel in a molecular state to form a core-shell type nano-structure; and the particle size of the nano coated phosphorus and potassium compound is 50-100 nm. The nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound can be directly adsorbed through plant root system cell wall gaps, the absorption rate is increased by 40% or above, meanwhile, the aerogel pore structure delays phosphorus and potassium release, the 24-hour release rate is smaller than or equal to 30%, and the leaching loss and root burning risk of a traditional fertilizer are avoided. The nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound can slowly release phosphorus and potassium, and also can improve the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium by plants, so that the growth condition of flowers is improved, and the growth of the flowers is promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound, a flower nutrient agent and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In flower cultivation, fertilizers are key factors affecting plant growth, flowering quality and stress resistance. However, traditional fertilizers have the problem of low absorption efficiency. For example, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) is used as a core flowering fertilizer for flowers, has high water solubility but is easily lost with irrigation, and is adsorbed by soil, resulting in a flower utilization rate of only 30% to 40%, especially in alkaline soil, calcium phosphate precipitates are easily formed. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound which can slow release of phosphorus and potassium and improve the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium by plants, thereby improving the growth of flowers and promoting the growth of flowers.

[0004] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound, which uses silica aerogel as a coating carrier, and a phosphorus-potassium compound is loaded in a molecular state in the pores of the aerogel to form a core-shell nanostructure; the particle size of the nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound is 50 to 100 nm.

[0006] The present application provides a preparation method of the nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound described in the above technical solution, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Mixing a phosphorus-potassium compound with ethanol to obtain a phosphorus-potassium compound ethanol dispersion; the mass-volume ratio of the phosphorus-potassium compound to ethanol is 1g:(4 to 6)mL;

[0008] Heat treating silica aerogel to obtain a hydrophilic aerogel; the mass ratio of the phosphorus-potassium compound to silica aerogel is (0.8 to 1.2):1;

[0009] Mixing the phosphorus-potassium compound ethanol dispersion with the hydrophilic aerogel to obtain a phosphorus-potassium compound aerogel mixture system;

[0010] Mixing the phosphorus-potassium compound aerogel mixture system with water, then performing high-pressure homogenization and drying to obtain a nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 280 to 320 DEG C, and the time of the heat treatment is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

[0012] The phosphorus potassium compound aerogel mixed system is mixed with water, and the water addition amount is 25-35 times the mass of the phosphorus potassium compound; the pressure condition of the high-pressure homogenization is 250-350 bar; and the number of times of the high-pressure homogenization is 1-3 times.

[0013] The application provides a flower nutrient agent, comprising:

[0014] The above technical solution comprises a nano-coated phosphorus potassium compound, an enzymatic bacterial whole chicken liquid, trehalose and water.

[0015] Preferably, the flower nutrient agent comprises 200-300 mL / L of the enzymatic bacterial whole chicken liquid, 5-8 g / L of the nano-coated phosphorus potassium compound and 1-2 g / L of trehalose.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the enzymatic bacterial whole chicken liquid comprises the following steps:

[0017] The mixture of whole chicken powder and water is subjected to enzymolysis by using a composite enzyme to obtain the enzymatic whole chicken liquid; the composite enzyme comprises a protease and a cellulase; the enzyme activity of the protease in the composite enzyme is greater than or equal to 2500 U / g; and the enzyme activity of the cellulase in the composite enzyme is greater than or equal to 2000 U / g.

[0018] The enzymatic whole chicken liquid is mixed with lactic acid bacteria to perform fermentation to obtain the enzymatic bacterial whole chicken liquid; and the lactic acid bacteria comprise lactobacillus plantarum.

[0019] Preferably, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-55 DEG C, and the enzymolysis time is 3-5 h.

[0020] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 30-37 DEG C, the fermentation time is 20-28 h, and the fermentation is anaerobic fermentation.

[0021] The application provides application of the nano-coated phosphorus potassium compound or the flower nutrient agent in flower planting.

[0022] The application provides a use method of the flower nutrient agent, comprising:

[0023] The flower nutrient agent is diluted by 20-200 times, and then is applied in the process of flower planting.

[0024] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The application provides a nano-coated potassium phosphate compound, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound takes silica aerogel as a coating carrier, the potassium phosphate compound is uniformly loaded in the pores of the aerogel in a molecular state to form a core-shell nano structure, and the particle size of the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound is 50-100 nm. The nano-coated potassium phosphate compound provided by the application is coated with the potassium phosphate compound by using the silica aerogel, the particle size is 50-100 nm, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound can be directly adsorbed through the cell wall interspace of the plant root system, the absorption rate is increased by more than 40 %, meanwhile, the pore structure of the aerogel delays the release of the potassium phosphate, the release rate is less than or equal to 30 % in 24 hours, and the risk of leaching loss and root burning of traditional fertilizers is avoided. In conclusion, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound can slow down the release of the potassium phosphate and improve the utilization rate of the potassium phosphate by the plant, thereby being beneficial to improving the growth of flowers and promoting the growth of flowers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application provides a nano-coated potassium phosphate compound, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound takes silica aerogel as a coating carrier, the potassium phosphate compound is uniformly loaded in the pores of the aerogel in a molecular state to form a core-shell nano structure, and the particle size of the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound is 50-100 nm. The nano-coated potassium phosphate compound provided by the application is coated with the potassium phosphate compound by using the silica aerogel, the particle size is 50-100 nm, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound can be directly adsorbed through the cell wall interspace of the plant root system, the absorption rate is increased by more than 40 %, meanwhile, the pore structure of the aerogel delays the release of the potassium phosphate, the release rate is less than or equal to 30 % in 24 hours, and the risk of leaching loss and root burning of traditional fertilizers is avoided. In conclusion, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound can slow down the release of the potassium phosphate and improve the utilization rate of the potassium phosphate by the plant, thereby being beneficial to improving the growth of flowers and promoting the growth of flowers.

[0027] The application provides a preparation method of the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound.

[0028] The potassium phosphate compound is mixed with ethanol to obtain a potassium phosphate compound ethanol dispersion liquid, and the mass-volume ratio of the potassium phosphate compound and ethanol is 1g:(4-6)mL.

[0029] The silica aerogel is heat-treated to obtain a hydrophilic aerogel, and the mass ratio of the potassium phosphate compound and the silica aerogel is (0.8-1.2):1.

[0030] Mixing the potassium phosphate compound ethanol dispersion liquid with the hydrophilic aerogel to obtain a potassium phosphate compound aerogel mixture system;

[0031] Mixing the potassium phosphate compound aerogel mixture system with water, and then performing high-pressure homogenization and drying to obtain a nano-coating.

[0032] In the following technical solutions of the present application, the sources of the raw materials are not particularly limited, and conventional commercially available products can be used without special instructions.

[0033] In the present application, the potassium phosphate compound is mixed with ethanol to obtain a potassium phosphate compound ethanol dispersion liquid. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the potassium phosphate compound includes any one or two or more of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, and monopotassium phosphate, and is preferably monopotassium phosphate. In the present application, the mass-volume ratio of the potassium phosphate compound to ethanol can be 1g:(4-6)mL, or 1g:5mL. The present application does not have a special limitation on the mixing method, and a conventional mixing method in the art can be used. In the present application, ethanol is mixed with the potassium phosphate compound, wherein the potassium phosphate compound such as monopotassium phosphate is a polar compound, and ethanol as a polar organic solvent has a high matching degree of intermolecular forces (hydrogen bond, dipole interaction) with the potassium phosphate compound, which can make the potassium phosphate compound break through the crystallization tendency in the water phase to form a stable system of single molecules or small aggregates dispersed. This molecular level dispersion state is a prerequisite for subsequent "embedding in the pores of aerogel", and if the dispersion is uneven, it will lead to low loading efficiency of the pores of aerogel, local overload, and ultimately affect the uniformity of the nano-coating structure. In addition, ethanol can also enhance the interfacial compatibility with the hydrophilic aerogel. The surface of the silica aerogel after subsequent heat treatment is rich in hydroxyl groups (hydrophilic groups), and the hydroxyl groups in the ethanol molecules can form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aerogel, acting as a "bridge" to promote the interfacial interaction between the potassium phosphate compound molecules and the pores of the aerogel, so that the potassium phosphate compound is more easily embedded in the pores by van der Waals force, improving the loading capacity and stability. On the other hand, the viscosity of the ethanol dispersion system is significantly lower than that of the water phase system, and in the process of high-pressure homogenization at 300bar, the frictional resistance between particles can be reduced, so that the aerogel-potassium phosphate compound mixture system is more easily sheared into nano-sized particles of 50-100nm. In summary, the selection of ethanol is the key medium for realizing "molecular level loading-nano-sized particle size-stable structure", which is directly related to the core performance of the final product (such as an increase of more than 40% in absorption rate and a 24-hour release rate of ≤30%).

[0034] This invention involves heat-treating silica aerogel to obtain a hydrophilic aerogel. In this invention, the mass ratio of the phosphorus and potassium compounds to the silica aerosol can be (0.8–1.2):1, or it can be 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.1:1, or 1.2:1. In this invention, the heat treatment temperature can be 280–320°C, or it can be 290, 300, or 310°C; the heat treatment time can be 1.5–2.5 h, or it can be 1.5, 2, or 2.5 h. After heat treatment, a hydrophilic aerogel is obtained. This invention's heat treatment of silica aerogel removes residual organic impurities from the aerogel preparation process, exposing more silanol groups (-OH) on the aerogel surface, thus transforming it into a hydrophilic aerogel. Simultaneously, heat treatment stabilizes the pore structure of the aerogel, preventing pore collapse during subsequent loading and homogenization processes, ensuring its efficient adsorption and loading capacity for phosphorus and potassium compound molecules.

[0035] After obtaining the ethanol dispersion of the potassium phosphorus compound and the hydrophilic aerogel, the present invention mixes the ethanol dispersion of the potassium phosphorus compound with the hydrophilic aerogel to obtain a potassium phosphorus compound aerogel mixed system. Preferably, the mixing process is accompanied by stirring; the stirring speed can be 150 rpm; and the stirring time can be 1 hour. During the stirring process, physical adsorption mainly occurs, and the potassium phosphorus compound molecules are embedded into the pores of the aerogel through van der Waals forces. After stirring is completed, the potassium phosphorus compound aerogel mixed system is obtained.

[0036] After obtaining the phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture system, this invention mixes the phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture system with water and then performs high-pressure homogenization and drying to obtain nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compounds. As an optional embodiment of this invention, when mixing the phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture system with water, the amount of water added is 25 to 35 times, or 30 times, the mass of the phosphorus and potassium compounds. As an optional embodiment of this invention, the pressure conditions for high-pressure homogenization can be 250 to 350 bar, or 300 bar; the number of high-pressure homogenization cycles can be 1 to 3 times, or 2 times. In this invention, high-pressure homogenization uses high-pressure shear force to break up the agglomerated particles in the phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture system, causing the aerogel and phosphorus and potassium compound molecules to form uniformly dispersed nanoscale unit particles with a particle size in the range of 50 to 100 nm; simultaneously, the high pressure promotes the tight bonding between the aerogel pores and the phosphorus and potassium compound molecules, strengthening the stability of the core-shell structure and laying the foundation for maintaining the uniformity of the nanostructure during the subsequent drying process.

[0037] After the high-pressure homogenization is completed, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound suspension with a particle size of about 50-100 nm can be obtained. The drying method is not particularly limited, and the conventional drying method in the art can be used. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the drying method can be spray drying; the inlet temperature of the spray drying can be 120 DEG C, and the outlet temperature can be 60 DEG C. The nano-coated potassium phosphate compound with a water content of less than or equal to 5% is preferably obtained by the spray drying.

[0038] The nano-coated potassium phosphate compound prepared by the preparation method has a particle size of 50-100 nm, and the proportion of particles with a particle size of 50-100 nm is greater than or equal to 95%. In the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound, the silica aerogel is used as a coating carrier, and the potassium phosphate compound is uniformly loaded in the pores of the aerogel in a molecular state to form a core-shell nano structure. The nano-coated potassium phosphate compound provided by the present application can be directly absorbed through the cell wall space of plant roots, and the absorption rate is increased by more than 40%. At the same time, the pore structure of the aerogel delays the release of potassium phosphate, and the release rate is less than or equal to 30% in 24 hours, thereby avoiding the leaching loss and the risk of root burning of traditional fertilizers. Further, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound is also beneficial to promoting flower and fruit swelling and enhancing stress resistance.

[0039] The present application provides a kind of flower nutrient agent, comprising: the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound of the above technical solution, enzymatic bacteria solution whole chicken liquid, trehalose and water.

[0040] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the flower nutrient agent includes 5-8 g / L of nano-coated potassium phosphate compound, which can also be 5, 6, 7 or 8 g / L. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the nano-coated potassium phosphate compound can be nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0041] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the flower nutrient agent includes 200-300 mL / L of enzymatic bacteria solution whole chicken liquid, which can also be 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290 or 300 mL / L. In the present application, the enzymatic bacteria solution whole chicken liquid contains small molecule peptides and organic acids, which improves the soil fertilizer while improving the dispersibility of nano particles.

[0042] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the preparation method of the enzymatic bacteria solution whole chicken liquid includes: mixing whole chicken powder with water and adding a compound enzyme for enzymolysis to obtain an enzymatic whole chicken liquid; the compound enzyme includes protease and cellulase; the enzyme activity of the protease in the compound enzyme is greater than or equal to 2500 U / g; the enzyme activity of the cellulase in the compound enzyme is greater than or equal to 2000 U / g; the enzymatic whole chicken liquid is mixed with a lactobacillus agent for fermentation to obtain an enzymatic bacteria solution whole chicken liquid; the lactobacillus agent includes lactobacillus plantarum.

[0043] The application mixes whole chicken powder with water and then adds complex enzymes for enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis whole chicken liquid. The application does not have special limitations on the preparation method of the whole chicken powder, and conventional whole chicken powder in the art can be used. As an optional embodiment of the application, the preparation method of the whole chicken powder can be as follows: fresh chicken meat is washed, cut into pieces, and chicken pieces are obtained. The application does not have special limitations on the washing method, and conventional washing methods in the art can be used. When the chicken is cut into pieces, the length, width and height of the obtained chicken pieces can be 1-3 cm, or 1 cm, 2 cm or 3 cm. After obtaining the chicken pieces, the application preferably cooks the chicken pieces; the cooking time can be 15-25 min, or 20 min. The cooking is mainly for sterilization of the chicken meat. After cooking, sterilized chicken meat is obtained. After obtaining the sterilized chicken meat, the application dries the chicken meat. As an optional embodiment of the application, the drying method can be vacuum freeze-drying. The application does not have special limitations on the vacuum freeze-drying method, and conventional vacuum freeze-drying methods in the art can be used. After drying, the application preferably grinds the obtained dried chicken meat and sieves it. The application does not have special limitations on the grinding method, and conventional grinding methods in the art can be used. When sieving, the application preferably uses an 80-mesh sieve, takes the undersize, and obtains whole chicken powder. After obtaining the whole chicken powder, the application mixes the whole chicken powder with water to obtain a chicken powder-water mixture. As an optional embodiment of the application, the mass-volume ratio of the whole chicken powder to water can be 1 g:5 mL. After obtaining the chicken powder-water mixture, the application adds complex enzymes to the chicken powder-water mixture for enzymolysis. In the application, the complex enzymes include protease and cellulase; the enzyme activity of the protease in the complex enzymes is ≥2500 U / g, and can be 2500-3000 U / g; the enzyme activity of the cellulase in the complex enzymes is ≥2000 U / g, and can be 2000-3000 U / g. In the application, the protease mainly hydrolyzes large molecular proteins in the whole chicken powder into small molecular peptides and amino acids to improve the absorbability of nutritional ingredients; the cellulase can decompose a small amount of cellulose in the whole chicken powder into small molecular sugars to further improve the utilization rate of nutritional substances and lay a foundation for subsequent fermentation and flower absorption. As an optional embodiment of the application, the addition amount of complex enzymes in the chicken powder-water mixture is 0.5%. As an optional embodiment of the application, the enzymolysis temperature can be 45-55°C, or 50°C; the enzymolysis time can be 3-5 h, or 4 h; stirring is accompanied during the enzymolysis; the stirring speed can be 200 rpm. Through enzymolysis, the application can decompose large molecular substances in the whole chicken powder into small molecular substances, etc., and release protein peptides, etc.

[0044] After obtaining the enzymatic whole chicken liquid, the enzymatic whole chicken liquid is mixed with a lactic acid bacteria agent for fermentation to obtain the enzymatic whole chicken liquid. As an optional embodiment of the present application, when the enzymatic whole chicken liquid is mixed with the lactic acid bacteria agent, the lactic acid bacteria agent is added in an amount of 1% of the mass of the enzymatic whole chicken liquid. In the present application, the lactic acid bacteria agent includes lactobacillus plantarum. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the fermentation temperature can be 30-37℃, or 35℃; the fermentation time can be 20-28h, or 24h; and the fermentation can be anaerobic fermentation. The effect of using lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation can further convert small molecule substances produced by enzymolysis into more easily absorbed nutrient components such as amino acids and organic acids by flowers; at the same time, anaerobic fermentation can inhibit the reproduction of miscellaneous bacteria, stabilize the performance of the product, improve the biological activity and nutrient utilization rate of the enzymatic whole chicken liquid, and be more beneficial to the absorption and utilization of flowers. After fermentation, the enzymatic whole chicken liquid is obtained. The enzymatic whole chicken liquid provided in the present application contains rich amino acids, humic acid and trace elements, which is beneficial to promoting the growth of flowers.

[0045] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the flower nutrient agent includes trehalose 1-2g / L, which can be 1g / L, 1.5g / L or 2g / L. In the present application, the trehalose in the flower nutrient agent mainly serves as an auxiliary material to improve the stability of the nanoparticles.

[0046] As an optional embodiment of the present application, the flower nutrient agent further includes water, which can be deionized water.

[0047] The enzymatic whole chicken liquid and the nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound in the flower nutrient liquid provided in the present application can interact to improve the absorption of phosphorus and potassium and other nutrient elements by flowers and plants, improve the growth state of flowers and plants, and promote the growth of flowers and plants. The results of the examples show that the flower nutrient agent provided in the present application can promote the growth of flowers of flowers and plants, increase the number of flowers of flowers and plants, and also increase the content of anthocyanins in flowers, improve the growth state of flowers and plants, and promote the growth of flowers and plants. The flower nutrient agent provided in the present application can improve the growth state of leaves of leaf ornamental flowers and plants such as green ivy and increase the content of chlorophyll in leaves. The flower nutrient agent provided in the present application can also improve the stress resistance of flowers and plants and improve the growth state of flowers under adverse conditions. The results of the examples show that the flower nutrient agent can improve the growth state of stone orchid under drought conditions and increase the water content in the leaves of stone orchid under drought conditions.

[0048] The present application provides the application of the nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound or the flower nutrient agent in flower planting.

[0049] The present application provides a method for using the flower nutrient agent, which comprises the following steps:

[0050] The flower nutrient agent is diluted 20-200 times and then applied in the process of flower planting. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the dilution times of the flower nutrient agent can be 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 or 200. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the application method of the flower nutrient agent can be any one or two or more of foliar spraying, root irrigation and mixed application with base fertilizer. As an optional embodiment of the present application, the application time of the flower nutrient agent can be any one of 2 weeks before budding, new leaf germination period and early growth season.

[0051] In order to further illustrate the present application, the technical solutions provided by the present application are described in detail below in combination with examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] The Lactobacillus plantarum used in the following technical solutions belongs to the company: Insent.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] 1. Preparation of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate

[0055] Raw material ratio:

[0056] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, analytical pure, purchased from China National Pharmaceutical Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; silica aerogel, porosity ≥95%, purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nanometer Material Technology Co., Ltd.; anhydrous ethanol.

[0057] Among them, the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to silica aerogel is 1:1, and the volume-mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol to potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5mL:1g.

[0058] Preparation steps:

[0059] (1) Preparation of hydrophilic aerogel: take silica aerogel with the same mass as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heat treat at 300℃ for 2h to obtain hydrophilic aerogel, and cool to room temperature for standby;

[0060] (2) Adsorption loading: disperse potassium dihydrogen phosphate in anhydrous ethanol, the volume-mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol to potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5mL:1g, add the above-mentioned hydrophilic aerogel cooled to room temperature, and stir adsorb at 150rpm for 1h, the process is physical adsorption, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate molecules are embedded in the pores of the aerogel by Van der Waals force;

[0061] (3) Homogeneous dispersion: add water to the system of step (2), the amount of water added is 30 times the mass of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and high-pressure homogenization is performed twice at 300 bar to form a suspension of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a particle size of 50-80 nm;

[0062] (4) Spray drying: the suspension obtained in step (3) is subjected to spray drying, the inlet temperature is 120°C, and the outlet temperature is 60°C, to obtain nano-particles with a water content of ≤5%, i.e., nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0063] The nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate prepared is detected, and the laser particle size instrument detects that the proportion of particles with a particle size of 50-100 nm is ≥95%, and the composition of the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate is: the silica aerogel is used as a coating carrier, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is uniformly loaded in the pores of the aerogel in a molecular state to form a core-shell nanostructure.

[0064] 2. A preparation method of enzyme-degraded bacteria-degraded whole chicken liquid, the steps being as follows:

[0065] The fresh chicken meat with the bones removed is washed, cut into pieces, and the length, width, and height of the cut pieces are 1-3 cm. The cut chicken meat is cooked for 15-25 min to obtain cooked and sterilized chicken meat.

[0066] The cooked and sterilized chicken meat is subjected to freeze-drying. After the freeze-drying is completed, the freeze-dried chicken meat is crushed, and the crushed chicken meat is sieved through a 80-mesh sieve. The undersize material is collected to obtain freeze-dried chicken powder, i.e., whole chicken powder.

[0067] The freeze-dried chicken powder is mixed with water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:5 mL to obtain a chicken powder-water mixture.

[0068] The chicken powder-water mixture is mixed with a composite enzyme, and the amount of the composite enzyme added is 0.5% of the mass of the chicken powder-water mixture. The composite enzyme is composed of a protease and a cellulase. The enzyme activity of the protease is 2500 U / g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 2000 U / g. The mixture is stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 4 h at a stirring speed of 200 rpm to perform enzyme degradation. After the enzyme degradation is completed, the mixture is filtered to obtain enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid.

[0069] The enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid is cooled to 30°C, and a lactic acid bacteria inoculum with a mass of 1% of the mass of the enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid is introduced. The lactic acid bacteria inoculum is Lactobacillus plantarum. Anaerobic fermentation is performed for 24 h, and the pH value in the fermentation system is 4.5-5.5 to obtain enzyme-degraded bacteria-degraded whole chicken liquid.

[0070] 3. A flower nutrient agent, the composition being: 5 g of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200 mL of enzyme-degraded bacteria-degraded whole chicken liquid, 1 g of trehalose, and deionized water added to 1 L. The pH of the flower nutrient agent is adjusted to 5.0-6.0.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The preparation method of the enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid and the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0073] A flower nutrient agent, which comprises: 8 g of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 200 mL of enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid, 1 g of trehalose, and deionized water to make up to 1 L. The pH of the flower nutrient agent is adjusted to 5.0-6.0.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The preparation method of the enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid and the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0076] A flower nutrient agent, which comprises: 7 g of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 300 mL of enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid, 2 g of trehalose, and deionized water to make up to 1 L. The pH of the flower nutrient agent is adjusted to 5.0-6.0.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] The preparation method of the enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid and the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0079] A flower nutrient agent, which comprises: 6 g of nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 300 mL of enzyme-degraded fungus-degraded whole chicken liquid, 1 g of trehalose, and deionized water to make up to 1 L. The pH of the flower nutrient agent is adjusted to 5.0-6.0.

[0080] Application Example 1

[0081] Comparison of the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate prepared in Example 1 and the traditional potassium dihydrogen phosphate (i.e., the potassium dihydrogen phosphate without nano-coating)

[0082] 1. The comparison method is as follows: a combination of pot experiment and laboratory detection is used, and the details are as follows:

[0083] Particle size detection: the particle size distribution of the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the traditional potassium dihydrogen phosphate is measured by using a laser particle size analyzer, and the particle size range and proportion are counted;

[0084] Soil adsorption rate determination: the same type of test soil (passed through a 2 mm sieve, pH 6.0±0.2) is taken, and an equal amount (in terms of P2O5) of the two kinds of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added, deionized water is added according to a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, and after oscillation at 25°C for 2 h, centrifugation is performed, the effective phosphorus content in the supernatant is determined by using the molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method, and the soil adsorption rate is calculated (adsorption rate=(initial amount-residual amount in supernatant) / initial amount×100%);

[0085] Flower absorption rate determination: the same growth state of flowers, ‘Powder Dragon Sapphire’ rose seedlings, is used as test material to set up 3 groups of treatments:

[0086] Treatment group 1: equal amount (in terms of K2O) of nano-coated monopotassium phosphate was applied to each pot;

[0087] Treatment group 2: equal amount (in terms of K2O) of traditional monopotassium phosphate was applied to each pot;

[0088] Blank control group: only the same cultivation medium as the above two groups was used, and no phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied;

[0089] The three groups were cultured under the same cultivation conditions for 30 days, and the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium elements in the aboveground parts and root systems of the plants in each group was measured respectively. The absorption rate was calculated (absorption rate = (total phosphorus and potassium accumulation of plants in the treatment group - total phosphorus and potassium accumulation of plants in the blank control group) / total amount of fertilizer x 100%);

[0090] The duration of the effect was evaluated: in the above pot experiment, the effective phosphorus and potassium content in the soil was measured every 7 days (the effective phosphorus was measured by 0.5 mol / L NaHCO3 solution extraction-molybdenum antimony colorimetric method, and the effective potassium was measured by flame photometry. The duration from the application of fertilizer to the reduction of the effective content to 20% of the initial value was recorded, which was the duration of the effect.

[0091] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Comparison of nano-coated monopotassium phosphate and traditional monopotassium phosphate

[0093] Indicators Nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate Conventional potassium dihydrogen phosphate Particle size range 50-100 nm 10-100 μm Soil adsorption rate ＜10％ 30％-50％ Potassium absorption rate 54.2％ 38％ Phosphorus absorption rate 42.5％ 30％ Duration of effect 4-6 weeks 1-2 weeks

[0094] As can be seen from Table 1, the soil adsorption rate of nano-coated monopotassium phosphate is significantly reduced compared with traditional monopotassium phosphate, the absorption rate of flowers is significantly increased, and the duration of the effect of monopotassium phosphate is significantly prolonged.

[0095] 2. Detecting the release and slow-release effect of nano-coated monopotassium phosphate

[0096] The detection method is as follows:

[0097] The static release method combined with phosphorus and potassium content determination was used, and the specific steps were as follows:

[0098] 0.5 g of nano-coated monopotassium phosphate sample was accurately weighed and placed in a 500 mL conical flask, 200 mL of 0.01 mol / L CaCl2 solution (simulating soil solution environment) was added, and it was sealed and placed in a 25℃ constant temperature shaking incubator with a shaking speed of 150 rpm;

[0099] 10 mL of sample was taken at 24 h and 7 d of shaking respectively, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, and the phosphorus content in the filtrate was determined by molybdenum antimony colorimetric method, and the potassium content was determined by flame photometry;

[0100] The total content of phosphorus potassium in the sample was determined at the same time (by detecting after strong acid digestion), and the release rate was calculated: release rate = (total amount of phosphorus potassium released at a certain time point / total content of phosphorus potassium in the sample) x 100%;

[0101] Each treatment was set with 3 replicates, and the results were averaged.

[0102] The results showed that the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate delayed the release of phosphorus potassium, and the release rate was ≤30% at 24h.

[0103] Application Example 2

[0104] Effect verification of the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4

[0105] Taking 'Fenlongsha Baoji' rose as an example, the application effect was verified.

[0106] Two weeks before the rose bud appeared, the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4 were diluted 100 times, and the rose was sprayed with foliage, 100mL per pot.

[0107] At the same time, the traditional potassium dihydrogen phosphate was applied alone as control group 1, the mass concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was 5g / L, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a mass concentration of 5g / L was diluted 100 times before application, and the application started two weeks before the bud appeared, once a week, 100mL per pot each time.

[0108] The enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid was applied alone as control group 2, the preparation method of the enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid was the same as that in Example 1, the same enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid as in Example 1 was taken, and the enzyme-degraded whole chicken liquid was diluted 100 times with water at a concentration of 200mL / L, and the application started two weeks before the bud appeared, once a week, 100mL per pot each time.

[0109] The nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate was applied alone as control group 3, the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate was prepared into 5g / L concentration with water, diluted 100 times, and then applied two weeks before the bud appeared, once a week, 100mL per pot each time.

[0110] After 4 weeks of application, the flowering situation of the rose, the anthocyanin content in the petals, and the root activity were detected, and the detection results are shown in Table 2.

[0111] Table 2 Influence of the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4 on the growth of rose (mean ± standard deviation)

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] From Table 2, the number of single flowering, petal anthocyanin content and root hair density of Examples 1-4 are significantly higher than those of control groups 1, 2 and 3. Among them, the effects of control groups 2 and 3 are better than that of control group 1, but weaker than that of the example group, indicating that there is a synergistic effect between nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate and enzyme-exploded whole chicken liquid, and combined application can more significantly promote the growth of Chinese rose and improve the flowering quality.

[0115] Application Example 3

[0116] Safety verification of the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4

[0117] 1. The flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4 were diluted 10 times, respectively, and then applied to the leaves of green pothos with a seedling age of 4 weeks. The growth of the green pothos was observed 72 hours after the application.

[0118] The results showed that the green pothos grew well without burning and wilting 72 hours after the application of the flower nutrient agents of Examples 1-4.

[0119] 2. Soil ecological detection

[0120] The method is as follows:

[0121] Preparation of the test soil: garden soil (pH 6.0±0.2, organic matter content 2.5%±0.3%) consistent with flower cultivation was selected, sieved through a 2 mm sieve, and then loaded into planting pots with a size of 30 cm×20 cm×20 cm, 5 kg of soil per pot.

[0122] Application method: the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4 were diluted 100 times, respectively, and then applied by root irrigation, 200 mL per pot each time; the application frequency was once every 10 days, and the application was continuously performed for 3 months (a total of 9 times). The control group was set as water irrigation (other conditions were consistent).

[0123] Detection index and method:

[0124] Soil pH value: determined by potential method (water-soil ratio 1:2.5);

[0125] Heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, arsenic): detected according to GB / T 17141-1997 "Determination of Lead and Cadmium in Soil by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry" and GB / T 22105.1-2008 "Determination of Total Mercury, Total Arsenic and Total Lead in Soil by Atomic Fluorescence Method";

[0126] Soil enzyme activity (urease, sucrose): determined by colorimetry (to verify that the soil biological activity is not inhibited).

[0127] Result determination: After 3 months of continuous application, the test results showed that the soil pH of the treatment groups of Examples 1-4 was maintained at 5.5-6.5, the heavy metal content was <0.1 ppm, and the soil enzyme activity had no significant difference with the control group, meeting the requirements of GB 8172-2020 "Urban Garbage Agricultural Control Standard" and NY / T 391-2021 "Green Food Production Site Environmental Quality", verifying the safety of the flower nutrient agent to the soil ecology.

[0128] Application example 4

[0129] Application effect of the flower nutrient agent prepared in Examples 1-4 on green plants

[0130] During the new leaf germination period of the green plant, the flower nutrient agents of Examples 1-4 were applied respectively. The application method was to dilute the flower nutrient agents of Examples 1-4 by 30 times, and the application amount of the flower nutrient agents of Examples 1-4 diluted by 30 times was 100 mL per plant each time. The application method was root irrigation.

[0131] The control 1 group was applied with the same amount of traditional fertilizer at the same time. The specific composition of the traditional fertilizer used in the control 1 group was: nitrogen (N)-phosphorus (P2O5)-potassium (K2O) = 20-20-20 (total nutrients ≥ 60%, nitrogen source is urea and ammonium nitrate, phosphorus source is monoammonium phosphate, potassium source is potassium sulfate); medium elements calcium (CaO) ≥ 2%, magnesium (MgO) ≥ 1%, sulfur (S) ≥ 3%; trace elements iron (Fe) ≥ 0.05%, manganese (Mn) ≥ 0.03%, zinc (Zn) ≥ 0.02%, boron (B) ≥ 0.01%, molybdenum (Mo) ≥ 0.005% (in the form of inorganic sulfate or oxide); containing humic acid ≥ 5%, sodium silicate ≥ 2%.

[0132] The control 2 group (applying enzyme-degraded bacteria-degraded whole chicken liquid alone): the same enzyme-degraded bacteria-degraded whole chicken liquid as in Example 1 was taken, diluted with water by 30 times at a concentration of 200 mL / L, and applied at the new leaf germination period of the green plant, using root irrigation method, with an application amount of 100 mL per plant each time, and the application frequency was consistent with that of the experimental group;

[0133] The control 3 group (applying nano-coated dihydrogen potassium phosphate alone): the nano-coated dihydrogen potassium phosphate was prepared into 5 g / L concentration with water, diluted by 30 times, and applied at the new leaf germination period of the green plant, using root irrigation method, with an application amount of 100 mL per plant each time, and the application frequency was consistent with that of the experimental group.

[0134] After 4 weeks of application, the growth of the green plants in each experimental group was detected, and the chlorophyll content of the green plant leaves was detected, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0135] Table 3 Influence of the flower nutrient agent prepared in Examples 1-4 on the growth of green plants (average value)

[0136]

[0137] From Table 3, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b contents of the leaves of the Pothos of Examples 1-4 are significantly higher than those of the control groups 1, 2 and 3, and the leaf yellowing rate is significantly lower than that of each control group. The above results show that the combined use of the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the enzymatic bacteria decomposed whole chicken liquid has a significantly better effect on promoting the synthesis of chlorophyll and inhibiting yellowing of the leaves than the use of any of the components alone. The combined effect of the enzymatic bacteria decomposed whole chicken liquid on improving the dispersibility of the nanoparticles and the nano-coated potassium dihydrogen phosphate on improving the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium can effectively enhance the photosynthetic capacity of the Pothos and improve the growth state of the leaves, further verifying the application value of the flower nutrient agent of the application to leaf ornamental flowers.

[0138] Application Example 5

[0139] Application effect of the flower nutrient agent prepared in Examples 1-4 on succulents

[0140] The application effect of the flower nutrient agent on succulents under drought stress is described by taking Echeveria as an example

[0141] In spring, the flower nutrient agent prepared in Examples 1-4 is mixed in the culture medium as the experimental group, and the specific method is as follows:

[0142] Experimental group: the culture medium is composed of the following: the test culture medium is a mixed medium specially for succulents, and the specific composition is as follows: peat soil (50%), perlite (30%), vermiculite (10%), bone meal (5%, providing slow-release phosphorus source), and decomposed sheep manure (5%, organic matter ≥ 30%); the pH value is 6.0-6.5, and the EC value is 1.2-1.5 mS / cm.

[0143] Mixing method of the nutrient agent and the culture medium: the flower nutrient agent of Examples 1-4 is diluted 100 times, and then 200 mL of the diluted solution is added to each kg of the culture medium for mixing. The mixture is stirred until the culture medium can be held together by hand and then falls apart (moisture content is about 20%) when released. The mixture is used after standing for 2 hours.

[0144] Method: a flowerpot with a diameter of 10 cm is selected, 800 g of the culture medium mixed with the nutrient agent is put into each pot, and the Echeveria seedlings (seedling age of 6 months, with 5-6 leaves per plant) that grow uniformly are planted in the center of the pot, with the distance between the culture medium and the pot edge being 1 cm. After planting, the culture medium is gently pressed to fix the plants.

[0145] The culture medium of the control group 1 is not added with the flower nutrient agent, and the Echeveria seedlings are directly cultured with the culture medium by the same method as the experimental group. That is, 800 g of the culture medium is put into each pot, and the Echeveria seedlings are planted.

[0146] Control 2 group (enzyme decomposed whole chicken liquid alone): the same enzyme decomposed whole chicken liquid as in Example 1 was taken, diluted 100 times, mixed with 200 mL of the diluted liquid per kg of base fertilizer, stirred until the water content of the substrate was about 20%, and then left to stand for 2 h; the application method was the same as that of the experimental group: 800 g of mixed substrate was placed in each pot, and the baby plants were planted.

[0147] Control 3 group (nano-coated dihydrogen potassium phosphate alone): the nano-coated dihydrogen potassium phosphate was prepared into a 5 g / L concentration with water, diluted 100 times, mixed with 200 mL of the diluted liquid per kg of base fertilizer, stirred until the water content of the substrate was about 20%, and then left to stand for 2 h; the application method was the same as that of the experimental group: 800 g of mixed substrate was placed in each pot, and the baby plants were planted, and then normal watering was performed once, followed by drought stress.

[0148] Drought stress treatment: all experimental groups (Examples 1-4) and control groups (controls 1-3) were poured with root-fixing water (the pot bottom was water-permeable) on the first day after planting, watering was stopped thereafter, and the pots were placed in the same environmental conditions: temperature 25-28℃, relative humidity 40%-50%, light intensity 3000-3500 lux, for 3 months; during this period, the soil water content was adjusted to 5%-8% (lower than the normal growth requirement of 15%-20%) by weighing every week to ensure the consistency of the drought stress intensity.

[0149] After the experimental and control groups were treated for 3 months, the growth of the Pseudodisporum was observed, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0150] Table 4 Effect of the flower nutrient agents prepared in Examples 1-4 on the growth of Pseudodisporum under drought stress conditions

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] As can be seen from Table 4, the leaf water content (76.3%-82.1%) and survival rate (89%-98%) of the Pseudodisporum in Examples 1-4 under drought stress were significantly higher than those of the control groups, and the effect of Example 3 was the best, with the leaf water content being increased by 56% and the survival rate being increased by 78% compared with the control 1 group. The above results show that the combined application of nano-coated dihydrogen potassium phosphate and enzyme decomposed whole chicken liquid can significantly enhance the drought resistance of Pseudodisporum through synergistic effect, i.e., the nano-coating technology improves the slow-release and absorption efficiency of phosphorus and potassium, and the enzyme decomposed whole chicken liquid provides organic nutrients and drought-resistant active substances, thereby verifying the application value of the flower nutrient agent of the present application in improving the growth state of succulent plants under adverse conditions.

[0154] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, it should be understood that these are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Other embodiments can be obtained on the basis of the above embodiments without creativity, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nano-coated phosphorus-potassium compound, characterized in that, The nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compounds use silica aerogel as the coating carrier, and the phosphorus and potassium compounds are loaded in molecular form within the pores of the aerogel to form a core-shell nanostructure; the particle size of the nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compounds is 50-100 nm.

2. The method for preparing the nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A phosphorus and potassium compound is mixed with ethanol to obtain a phosphorus and potassium compound ethanol dispersion; the mass-to-volume ratio of the phosphorus and potassium compound to ethanol is 1 g:(4-6) mL. The silica aerogel was heat-treated to obtain a hydrophilic aerogel; the mass ratio of the phosphorus-potassium compound to the silica aerosol was (0.8-1.2):

1. The ethanol dispersion of the phosphorus and potassium compounds was mixed with the hydrophilic aerogel to obtain a phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture system. The phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixture was mixed with water and then subjected to high-pressure homogenization and drying to obtain nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compounds.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat treatment temperature is 280–320°C; the heat treatment time is 1.5–2.5 hours. When the phosphorus and potassium compound aerogel mixing system is mixed with water, the amount of water added is 25 to 35 times the mass of the phosphorus and potassium compound; the pressure conditions for high-pressure homogenization are 250 to 350 bar; and the number of times the high-pressure homogenization is performed is 1 to 3.

4. A flower nutrient agent, characterized in that, include: The nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound, enzymatically hydrolyzed whole chicken liquid, trehalose, and water as described in claim 1.

5. The flower nutrient agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flower nutrient solution includes 200-300 mL / L of enzymatically hydrolyzed whole chicken extract, 5-8 g / L of nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compounds, and 1-2 g / L of trehalose.

6. The flower nutrient agent according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The preparation method of the enzymatic hydrolysis and bacterial hydrolysis of whole chicken liquid includes the following steps: A mixture of whole chicken powder and water is enzymatically hydrolyzed using a compound enzyme to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed whole chicken liquid; the compound enzyme includes protease and cellulase; the enzyme activity of the protease in the compound enzyme is ≥2500U / g; the enzyme activity of the cellulase in the compound enzyme is ≥2000U / g; The enzymatically hydrolyzed whole chicken liquid is mixed with lactic acid bacteria and fermented to obtain an enzymatically hydrolyzed whole chicken liquid; the lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus plantarum.

7. The flower nutrient agent according to claim 6, characterized in that, The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 45–55°C; the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3–5 hours.

8. The flower nutrient agent according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fermentation temperature is 30–37°C, and the fermentation time is 20–28 hours; the fermentation is anaerobic fermentation.

9. The application of the nano-coated phosphorus and potassium compound of claim 1 or the flower nutrient of any one of claims 4 to 8 in flower cultivation.

10. A method of using the flower nutrient agent according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, include: The flower nutrient solution is diluted 20 to 200 times and then applied during the flower cultivation process.

Images