Salt fog corrosion resistant port steel concrete combined breakwater structure and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a salt-mist-corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of breakwaters. The salt-mist-corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure comprises a slope foundation structure, a steel-concrete combined vertical wall, an electrochemical protection unit, a breakwater area, a first wave-damping power generation unit and a second wave-damping power generation unit, a first weather-resistant steel framework is pre-buried in the interior, and a second weather-resistant steel framework is pre-buried in the interior of the steel-concrete combined vertical wall. The salt-mist-corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure integrates a weather-resistant steel-concrete combined structure, real-time cathode protection monitoring and wave power generation, improves the salt-mist-corrosion-resistant life of the breakwater, combines the breakwater area and the two wave-damping power generation units, and reduces the wave intensity in multiple forms, so that the wave energy is converted into electric power.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of breakwater, in particular to a salt-mist-corrosion-resistant steel-concrete combined breakwater structure for port and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A port is an important hub for water and land transportation, and a breakwater structure needs to be set at the port location. The breakwater not only needs to resist the impact of waves and water flow, but also needs to withstand the erosion of harsh marine environment for a long time. In the marine environment, salt-mist corrosion is one of the key factors affecting the service life of port facilities. Especially for the steel-concrete breakwater, chloride ions in the salt mist will gradually penetrate into the concrete, corrode the steel bars, cause the structural strength to decrease, and shorten the service life.

[0003] The conventional steel-concrete breakwater structure for port has the following deficiencies in terms of salt-mist corrosion resistance:

[0004] Firstly, the existing breakwater mostly adopts ordinary reinforced concrete. Under the long-term effects of salt mist, dry-wet alternation, and scouring in the splash zone, steel bar corrosion, concrete spalling, steel structure pitting corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking frequently occur, which leads to the decrease of structural bearing capacity and the shortening of maintenance cycle.

[0005] Secondly, the conventional breakwater only focuses on the wave dissipation and wave blocking functions, and the wave dissipation structure has poor adaptability to complex sea conditions. For example, the floating breakwater has weak wind and wave resistance and is prone to damage. Moreover, the wave energy is not effectively utilized, resulting in the waste of renewable resources.

[0006] Thirdly, many breakwater structures use cathodic protection systems to protect the internal steel bars. The protection method is mostly offline detection, which cannot diagnose protection failure in real time and easily misses the best maintenance window, further increasing the corrosion risk and operation and maintenance cost. In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a salt-mist-corrosion-resistant steel-concrete combined breakwater structure for port and a construction method thereof to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a salt-mist-corrosion-resistant steel-concrete combined breakwater structure for port and a construction method thereof, which integrates the weathering steel-concrete combined structure, real-time cathodic protection monitoring, and wave power generation into one, improves the salt-mist-corrosion resistance life of the breakwater, and reduces the wave intensity through the combination of the breakwater area and the two wave dissipation power generation units, thereby converting the destructive wave energy into clean electricity.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme: a salt-mist-corrosion-resistant steel-concrete combined breakwater structure for port, comprising:

[0009] a slope foundation structure, the surface of which is covered with a composite coating, and a first weathering steel framework is pre-buried in the interior of the slope foundation structure;

[0010] A steel-concrete composite vertical wall, in which a second weathering steel frame is embedded, and the sloping foundation structure and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall are connected by a pile body penetrating the ground;

[0011] An electrochemical protection unit, including a cathodic protection mesh covering the surface of the first weathering steel frame and the second weathering steel frame, and an anode material connected by a cable;

[0012] A wave protection area, which is formed by the enclosed space between the sloping foundation structure and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall, the anode material is installed inside the wave protection area and connected to the cathodic protection mesh through an insulated cable penetrating the concrete structure, and a plurality of groups of twist king blocks and fixed wave dissipation structures are arranged on the surface of the wave protection area;

[0013] A first wave dissipation and power generation unit, which is installed on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall and extends to the water surface;

[0014] A second wave dissipation and power generation unit, which is integrated with the water surface floating part of the first wave dissipation and power generation unit.

[0015] Preferably, the first wave dissipation and power generation unit comprises:

[0016] A first turbine generator fixed on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall;

[0017] A large arm having one end rotatably connected to the rotor of the first turbine generator;

[0018] A floating disc movably hinged to the free end of the large arm, which is driven to swing the large arm to drive the first turbine generator to generate electricity by wave fluctuation;

[0019] A floating block fixed on the bottom of the floating disc, which is used to provide buoyancy.

[0020] Preferably, the second wave dissipation and power generation unit comprises:

[0021] A movable wave dissipation structure arranged between two adjacent floating discs, which is provided with a second arc-shaped flow guide opening penetrating the water flow;

[0022] A rotating wheel installed in the second arc-shaped flow guide opening;

[0023] A second turbine generator coaxially connected to the rotating wheel, which is used to generate electricity by the water flow impacting the rotating wheel.

[0024] Preferably, the fixed wave dissipating structure is provided with a first arc-shaped flow guide for guiding water flow to disperse energy, the twisted blocks are arranged in a quincunx pattern on the bottom of the wave protection area, the block spacing of the twisted blocks is less than or equal to 1.5 times the block size, and the fixed wave dissipating structure is arranged on the side of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall and spaced apart from the twisted blocks by 3-5 m without direct contact.

[0025] Preferably, the adjacent floating plates are fixed by U-shaped connectors, and a buffer protection unit is arranged between the movable wave dissipating structure and the U-shaped connector.

[0026] Preferably, the buffer protection unit comprises:

[0027] a guide rail frame fixed to the U-shaped connector;

[0028] a bearing frame slidingly assembled on the guide rail frame, and the movable wave dissipating structure is rotationally connected to the bearing frame by a limiting shaft;

[0029] a damper and a spring symmetrically arranged between the guide rail frame and the bearing frame.

[0030] Preferably, a sleeve is fixed on the guide rail frame, and a limiting rod slidingly matched with the sleeve is fixed on the bearing frame.

[0031] Preferably, a current sensor is connected in series on the cable of the electrochemical protection unit, the current sensor is connected to a controller, the output end of the controller is connected to an alarm, and the current sensor, the controller and the alarm constitute a corrosion protection state monitoring system.

[0032] Preferably, the corrosion protection state monitoring system is configured and performs the following operations:

[0033] The current value of the cathodic protection grid is monitored in real time by the current sensor;

[0034] The controller determines whether the current value is within a preset threshold range;

[0035] When the current value is lower than the threshold range, a first alarm signal is triggered and an under-protection alarm code is output;

[0036] When the current value is higher than the threshold range, a second alarm signal is triggered and an over-protection alarm code is output;

[0037] According to the alarm code, a corresponding maintenance strategy is executed, and the maintenance strategy includes:

[0038] For the under-protection alarm code, the anode material consumption is checked, the cable connectivity is tested, and the integrity of the cathodic protection grid is scanned;

[0039] For the over-protection alarm code, calibrate the power output, detect seawater conductivity and check the state of the insulation layer of the insulated cable;

[0040] After the maintenance strategy is executed, the alarm is reset by the controller, and the current monitoring step is returned.

[0041] The second aspect of the present application discloses a construction method of a salt-fog corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0042] Pile bodies are driven into the ground at predetermined positions;

[0043] The first weathering steel framework is bound in the slope area, the second weathering steel framework is bound in the vertical wall area, and the first weathering steel framework and the second weathering steel framework are welded and fixed with the pile bodies;

[0044] A cathodic protection grid is laid on the surface of the first weathering steel framework and the second weathering steel framework, and a cable connected with an anode material is pre-buried;

[0045] Forming the slope foundation structure and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall by formwork pouring concrete, and coating a composite coating on the slope surface;

[0046] The twist king block and the fixed wave dissipating structure with the first arc-shaped flow guide opening are installed in the wave protection area;

[0047] The first turbine generator is installed at the top of the steel-concrete combined vertical wall, the floating plate with the floating block and the large arm are assembled;

[0048] The adjacent floating plates are connected through the U-shaped connecting pieces, and the second wave dissipating power unit and the buffer protection unit are installed between the adjacent floating plates;

[0049] The electrochemical protection unit is activated by power supply, and the first wave dissipating power unit, the second wave dissipating power unit and the corrosion protection state monitoring system are debugged.

[0050] The present application discloses a salt-fog corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure and a construction method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The salt-fog corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure, the surface of the slope foundation structure is covered with a composite coating, the composite coating physically isolates penetration, reduces the carbonation rate of the concrete, the first weather-resistant steel framework is embedded in the interior of the slope foundation structure, the second weather-resistant steel framework is embedded in the interior of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall, the first weather-resistant steel framework and the second weather-resistant steel framework are composed of alloy steel, a dense rust layer is formed on the surface to prevent further corrosion, the service life is improved compared with ordinary steel, and through the electrochemical protection unit, that is, the cathode protection grid and the anode material covered on the surface of the first weather-resistant steel framework and the second weather-resistant steel framework, the cathode protection grid is used as a cathode to receive current, the first weather-resistant steel framework and the second weather-resistant steel framework are polarized to an anti-corrosion potential, seawater is used as an electrolyte medium, and the seabed environment ensures uniform consumption of the anode material, thereby avoiding local corrosion of the first weather-resistant steel framework and the second weather-resistant steel framework, so that the salt-fog corrosion resistance of the breakwater structure is greatly improved, the service life of the breakwater is effectively prolonged, and the long-term maintenance cost is reduced.

[0052] 2. The salt-fog corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure, the twisted king block and the fixed wave dissipation structure arranged in the wave protection area work cooperatively with the first wave dissipation power unit and the second wave dissipation power unit. The first arc-shaped flow guide of the fixed wave dissipation structure guides the water flow to disperse energy, the first wave dissipation power unit drives the first turbine generator to generate electricity by using the wave fluctuation to drive the swing of the large arm, and the second wave dissipation power unit drives the second turbine generator to generate electricity by using the water flow to impact the rotating wheel in the movable wave dissipation structure. While achieving efficient wave dissipation, the wave energy is converted into electric energy, realizing sustainable utilization of energy.

[0053] 3. The salt-fog corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure, the slope foundation structure and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall are connected by anchoring through the pile body penetrating the ground, ensuring the stability of the overall structure and being able to withstand strong wave force. At the same time, the cable of the electrochemical protection unit is connected with a current sensor in series, a controller and an alarm, forming a corrosion protection state monitoring system, which monitors the current value of the cathode protection grid in real time, and timely alarms and outputs alarm codes when the current value is abnormal, so that the staff can execute corresponding maintenance strategies according to the alarm codes, ensuring that the breakwater structure is always in a safe and stable operating state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the electrochemical protection unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 Top view diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of part A or structure diagram of the buffer protection unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the first wave-damping power generation unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the pile body of the embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 7 Judgment logic flow chart of the electrochemical protection unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 8 Maintenance diagram of the under-protection alarm code of the embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 9 Maintenance diagram of the over-protection alarm code of the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0065] 1, slope foundation structure; 11, composite coating; 12, first weathering steel skeleton;

[0066] 2, steel-concrete composite vertical wall; 21, second weathering steel skeleton;

[0067] 3, cathodic protection grid; 31, anode material; 32, current sensor; 33, controller; 34, alarm;

[0068] 4, wave protection area; 41, twisted king block; 42, fixed wave-damping structure; 421, first arc-shaped flow guide opening;

[0069] 5, first wave-damping power generation unit; 51, first turbine generator; 52, large arm; 53, floating disc; 531, U-shaped connecting piece; 54, floating block;

[0070] 6, second wave-damping power generation unit; 61, movable wave-damping structure; 611, second arc-shaped flow guide opening; 62, rotating wheel; 63, second turbine generator;

[0071] 7, guide rail frame; 71, bearing frame; 72, damper; 73, spring; 74, sleeve; 75, limiting rod; 76, limiting shaft;

[0072] 8. Pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0074] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0075] The embodiments of the present application disclose a salt-fog corrosion resistant port steel-concrete combined breakwater structure, according to Figures 1 to 9 as shown in the drawings, which comprises:

[0076] The slope foundation structure 1 is covered with a composite coating 11 and internally embedded with a first weathering steel skeleton 12; the composite coating 11 is composed of an epoxy zinc-rich primer and a polyurethane topcoat, physically insulating penetration and reducing the carbonation rate of concrete.

[0077] The steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2 is internally embedded with a second weathering steel skeleton 21, and the slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2 are anchored and connected through the pile 8 penetrating the ground; the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21 are composed of Cu, P and Cr alloy steel, a dense rust layer is generated on the surface of the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21, further corrosion is prevented, and the service life is improved by more than 50% compared with ordinary steel.

[0078] The electrochemical protection unit comprises a cathodic protection grid 3 covering the surface of the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21, and an anode material 31 connected through a cable; the first weathering steel skeleton 12 is arranged in a slope direction along the slope of the slope foundation 1, the second weathering steel skeleton 21 is arranged in a vertical orthogonal grid in the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2, the cathodic protection grid 3 is composed of a titanium wire mesh, covers the surface of the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21 and is welded to be conductive, and the cathodic protection grid 3 receives current as a cathode, so that the whole steel skeleton is polarized to an anti-corrosion potential.

[0079] The breakwater area 4 is composed of the enclosed space between the slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2, the anode material 31 is installed inside the breakwater area 4 and connected with the cathodic protection grid 3 through an insulating cable penetrating the concrete structure, and a plurality of twist king blocks 41 and fixed wave dissipation structures 42 are arranged on the surface of the breakwater area 4;

[0080] The twisted Wangzi blocks 41 are laid on the bottom of the breakwater area 4 and staggered in a quincunx pattern, the spacing between the twisted Wangzi blocks 41 is ≤1.5 times the size of the block, and the fixed wave-breaking structure 42 is arranged on the side of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall 2 and spaced 3-5 m from the twisted Wangzi blocks 41, and the two are not in direct contact. The twisted Wangzi blocks 41 are used to break large waves, and the fixed wave-breaking structure 42 disperses the energy of the water flow through the first arc-shaped flow guide 421, thereby forming a wave-breaking function.

[0081] The first wave-breaking power generation unit 5 is installed at the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall 2 and extends to the water surface;

[0082] The second wave-breaking power generation unit 6 is integrated in the water surface floating part of the first wave-breaking power generation unit 5.

[0083] The water surface floating part refers to the floating disc 53 and the floating block 54 integrated at the bottom of the floating disc 53, and the second wave-breaking power generation unit 6 is installed between the floating discs 53. The floating block 54 provides buoyancy to make the floating disc 53 fluctuate with the waves, driving the large arm 52 to swing and generate electricity.

[0084] The surface of the slope foundation structure 1 is covered with a composite coating 11, which physically isolates penetration and reduces the carbonation rate of concrete. The first weathering steel skeleton 12 is pre-embedded in the slope foundation structure 1, and the second weathering steel skeleton 21 is pre-embedded in the steel-concrete composite vertical wall 2. The first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21 are composed of alloy steel, which forms a dense rust layer on the surface, preventing further corrosion, with a service life more than 50% longer than ordinary steel. Through the electrochemical protection unit, i.e. the cathodic protection grid 3 and the anode material 31 covered on the surface of the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21, the cathodic protection grid 3 receives current as a cathode, polarizing the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21 to an anti-corrosion potential. Seawater acts as an electrolyte medium, and the seabed environment ensures uniform consumption of the anode material 31, avoiding local corrosion of the first weathering steel skeleton 12 and the second weathering steel skeleton 21. Therefore, the salt fog corrosion resistance of the breakwater structure is greatly improved, the service life of the breakwater is effectively prolonged, and the long-term maintenance cost is reduced.

[0085] On the basis of the above-mentioned salt fog corrosion resistance, the embodiments of the present application also utilize the design of the breakwater area 4, the first wave-breaking power generation unit 5 and the second wave-breaking power generation unit 6 to realize efficient wave-breaking and energy utilization integration. The twisted Wangzi blocks 41 and the fixed wave-breaking structure 42 arranged in the breakwater area 4 work together with the first wave-breaking power generation unit 5 and the second wave-breaking power generation unit 6. As shown in Figure 2 The first arc-shaped flow guide 421 of the fixed wave-breaking structure 42 guides the water flow to disperse energy, and the first wave-breaking power generation unit 5 uses the fluctuation of the waves to drive the large arm 52 to swing, driving the first turbine generator 51 to generate electricity. As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second wave-eliminating power generation unit 6 drives the second turbine generator 63 to generate electricity by the water flow impacting the rotating wheel 62 in the movable wave-eliminating structure 61, realizing high-efficiency wave elimination while converting wave energy into electrical energy, and realizing sustainable utilization of energy.

[0086] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , further, a current sensor 32 is connected in series on the cable of the electrochemical protection unit, the current sensor 32 is connected to a controller 33, and the output end of the controller 33 is connected to an alarm 34, and the current sensor 32, the controller 33 and the alarm 34 together constitute a corrosion protection state monitoring system. The corrosion protection state monitoring system can monitor the current value of the cathodic protection grid 3 in real time, and judge whether the current value is within the preset threshold range through the controller 33. When the current value is lower than the threshold range, a first alarm signal is triggered and an under-protection alarm code is output; when the current value is higher than the threshold range, a second alarm signal is triggered and an over-protection alarm code is output. According to the alarm code, the corresponding maintenance strategy is executed: for the under-protection alarm code, the anode material 31 loss is checked, the cable connectivity is tested, and the integrity of the cathodic protection grid 3 is scanned; for the over-protection alarm code, the power output is calibrated, the seawater conductivity is detected, and the insulation layer state is checked. After the maintenance is completed, the alarm 34 is reset through the controller 33, and the current monitoring step is returned.

[0087] If the alarm issues an under-protection alarm code, the possible reasons are anode material loss, cable breakage, and partial shedding of the cathodic protection grid 3 inside the cathodic protection grid 3. If the alarm issues an over-protection alarm code, the possible reasons are abnormal power voltage, sudden change of seawater salinity, or short circuit fault.

[0088] When checking the anode material 31 loss, the remaining thickness of the anode material 31 is measured, an ultrasonic thickness gauge tool is used for measurement, when testing the cable connectivity, the loop resistance value is detected, a multimeter + megohmmeter is used for detection, when scanning the integrity of the cathodic protection grid 3, the potential uniformity of the cathodic protection grid 3 is scanned, and a direct current potential gradient detector tool is used for detection.

[0089] For the over-protection alarm code, the power output is calibrated, which provides a constant potential direct current for the anode material 31 and the cathodic protection grid 3. When calibrating the power output, a portable constant potential calibrator is used to adjust the voltage value of the constant potential instrument. When detecting the seawater conductivity, the ion concentration of the sampled seawater is determined, and a portable conductivity meter is used for operation. When checking the insulation layer state, the integrity of the polyethylene sheath of the insulated cable is detected, and a high-voltage leakage detector is used for detection.

[0090] According to Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the first wave-damping power generation unit 5 includes a first turbine generator 51 fixed on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall 2, a large arm 52 with one end rotationally connected to the rotor of the first turbine generator 51, a float 53 movably hinged to the free end of the large arm 52, and a float block 54 fixed to the bottom of the float 53. The float 53 drives the large arm 52 to swing through wave fluctuation to drive the first turbine generator 51 to generate electricity, and the float block 54 provides stable buoyancy to ensure that the float 53 always adheres to the water surface movement.

[0091] According to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second wave-damping power generation unit 6 includes a movable wave-damping structure 61 arranged between two adjacent floats 53, which is provided with a second arc-shaped flow guide opening 611 through which water flows, a rotating wheel 62 installed in the second arc-shaped flow guide opening 611, and a second turbine generator 63 coaxially connected with the rotating wheel 62. The water flow impacts the rotating wheel 62 to rotate, thereby driving the second turbine generator 63 to generate electricity, realizing effective utilization of wave energy.

[0092] According to Figure 1 As shown, the fixed wave-damping structure 42 is provided with a first arc-shaped flow guide opening 421 for guiding water flow to disperse energy, reducing the direct impact of waves on the breakwater, and improving the stability of the overall structure. The first arc-shaped flow guide opening 421 adopts a semi-elliptical structure with a curvature radius R=1.5m, a major axis of 1.8m, and a minor axis of 0.9m, and is specifically used for guiding water flow to diffuse upward.

[0093] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 Between the adjacent floats 53, the movable wave-damping structure 61 is fixed by a U-shaped connecting piece 531, and a buffer protection unit is arranged between the movable wave-damping structure 61 and the U-shaped connecting piece 531. The buffer protection unit includes a guide rail frame 7 fixed on the U-shaped connecting piece 531, a bearing frame 71 slidingly assembled on the guide rail frame 7, the movable wave-damping structure 61 rotationally connected to the bearing frame 71 through a limiting shaft 76, and dampers 72 and springs 73 symmetrically arranged between the guide rail frame 7 and the bearing frame 71. A sleeve 74 is fixed on the guide rail frame 7, and a limiting rod 75 slidingly matched with the sleeve 74 is fixed on the bearing frame 71, so that the movable wave-damping structure 61 can stably swing and absorb impact energy under wave impact.

[0094] As shown in Figures 7 to 9 The corrosion protection state monitoring system monitors the current value of the cathodic protection grid 3 in real time through the current sensor 32, and judges whether the current value is within the preset threshold range through the controller 33, so as to ensure that the electrochemical protection unit is always in the best working state, and prolong the service life of the breakwater structure.

[0095] The slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2 are connected by anchoring the pile 8 through the ground, ensuring the stability of the overall structure and being able to withstand strong wave force. At the same time, the current sensor 32 is connected in series on the cable of the electrochemical protection unit, and the controller 33 and the alarm 34 are connected, forming a corrosion protection state monitoring system, which monitors the current value of the cathodic protection grid 3 in real time. When the current value is abnormal, the alarm and the alarm code are output in time, so that the staff can execute the corresponding maintenance strategy according to the alarm code, and ensure that the breakwater structure is always in a safe and stable operating state.

[0096] According to Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, the construction method comprises the following steps: driving the pile 8 through the ground at the predetermined position; binding the first weathering steel skeleton 12 in the slope area, binding the second weathering steel skeleton 21 in the vertical wall area, and welding and fixing the skeletons with the pile 8; laying the cathodic protection grid 3 on the surface of the skeleton, and pre-burying the cable connected with the anode material 31; supporting and pouring concrete to form the slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2, and coating the composite coating 11 on the slope surface; installing the twist Wang block 41 and the fixed wave dissipating structure 42 with the first arc-shaped flow guide 421 in the wave protection area 4; installing the first turbine generator 51 at the top of the vertical wall, assembling the floating plate 53 with the floating block 54 and the large arm 52; connecting adjacent floating plates 53 through U-shaped connecting pieces 531, and installing the second wave dissipating power generation unit 6 and the buffer protection unit therebetween; energizing and activating the electrochemical protection unit, and debugging the first wave dissipating power generation unit 5, the second wave dissipating power generation unit 6 and the corrosion protection state monitoring system.

[0097] The working principle of the salt-mist corrosion-resistant steel-concrete combined breakwater structure is as follows: the wave force is borne by the slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete combined vertical wall 2, and the twist Wang block 41, the fixed wave dissipating structure 42 and the movable wave dissipating structure 61 disperse wave energy to realize the wave dissipating function. The first wave dissipating power generation unit 5 drives the floating plate 53 by the wave fluctuation, and drives the first turbine generator 51 to generate electricity through the large arm 52; the second wave dissipating power generation unit 6 drives the second turbine generator 63 to generate electricity by the rotating wheel 62 in the movable wave dissipating structure 61 impacted by the water flow. The electrochemical protection unit forms an electrochemical circuit through the cathodic protection grid 3 and the anode material 31 to protect the weathering steel skeleton from corrosion, and the corrosion protection state monitoring system monitors the protection state in real time to ensure the durability of the breakwater structure.

[0098] The specific construction method is as follows:

[0099] In the foundation construction step, the pile 8 is driven by the vibration pile sinking process, the pile diameter is Φ600mm, and the pile length is determined according to the geological exploration results. The first weathering steel skeleton 12 is bound in the slope area, the second weathering steel skeleton 21 is bound in the vertical wall area, and the skeletons are fixed with the pile by welding.

[0100] In the protective layer construction step, the cathodic protection grid 3 is laid on the surface of the skeleton with a grid spacing ≤ 500 mm. When embedding the anode material 31 cable, polyethylene protective pipe is used for insulation treatment, and epoxy resin sealant is applied at the cable joint.

[0101] In the concrete pouring step, C40 high-performance concrete is used to pour the slope foundation structure 1 and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall 2 in two times. The slope surface is coated with a composite coating 11, including an epoxy zinc-rich primer with a specification of 300 μm and a polyurethane topcoat with a specification of 200 μm, and the environmental humidity during coating is ≤ 85%.

[0102] In the wave dissipation structure installation step, the wave protection area 4 is filled with twisted king blocks 41 with a 30 cm gap reserved between the blocks. The fixed wave dissipation structure 42 uses prefabricated concrete components, and the first arc-shaped flow guide 421 has a curvature radius R = 1.5 m, ensuring a 15° angle with the horizontal plane during installation.

[0103] In the power generation system assembly step, the first turbine generator 51 is installed at the top of the vertical wall, and each pair of floating discs 53 is connected through a U-shaped connector 531 with a 4 m spacing between adjacent floating discs 53. The guide rail frame 7 of the buffer protection unit is made of Q345B steel, and the damper 72 is a hydraulic type with a stroke of ± 15°.

[0104] In the monitoring system debugging step, the switch on the cable of the electrochemical protection unit is closed to activate the electrochemical protection unit by power supply, and the constant potential calibrator is used to set the current threshold range to 100-500 mA. The controller 33 collects current data every 15 minutes, and when a fault is detected, the power supply is automatically cut off and the standby anode group is started.

[0105] The salt mist corrosion-resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure has the following benefits: good salt mist corrosion resistance, effective protection of the steel-concrete structure through the composite coating 11 and the electrochemical protection unit, and extension of the service life of the breakwater. Good wave dissipation effect, various wave dissipation structures can effectively disperse wave energy and reduce the impact of waves on port facilities. It also has a power generation function, which can generate electricity using wave energy to achieve sustainable use of energy, while the buffer protection unit can improve the stability and impact resistance of the structure, and the corrosion protection state monitoring system can monitor in real time and provide timely warning for easy maintenance and management.

[0106] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0107] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A harbor steel-concrete composite breakwater structure resistant to salt spray corrosion, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of slope foundation structure and its corrosion protection system, including: Slope foundation structure (1), the surface of which is covered with composite coating (11), and first weathering steel skeleton (12) is pre-buried inside it; Steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2), which is pre-buried with second weathering steel skeleton (21) inside, and the slope foundation structure (1) and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2) are connected by anchoring through pile (8) penetrating the ground; Electrochemical protection unit, including cathodic protection grid (3) covering the surface of first weathering steel skeleton (12) and second weathering steel skeleton (21), and anode material (31) connected by cable; Breakwater area (4) formed by the enclosed space between the slope foundation structure (1) and the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2), the anode material (31) is installed inside the breakwater area (4) and connected with the cathodic protection grid (3) through the insulated cable penetrating the concrete structure, and a plurality of torsion blocks (41) and fixed wave-damping structures (42) are arranged on the surface of the breakwater area (4); First wave-damping power generation unit (5) installed on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2) and extending to the water surface; Second wave-damping power generation unit (6) integrated in the water-floating part of the first wave-damping power generation unit (5); The first wave-damping power generation unit (5) includes: First turbine generator (51) fixed on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2); Large arm (52) rotationally connected to the rotor of the first turbine generator (51) at one end; Floating disc (53) movably hinged to the free end of the large arm (52), which drives the large arm (52) to swing to drive the first turbine generator (51) to generate electricity through wave fluctuation; Floating block (54) fixed on the bottom of the floating disc (53) for providing buoyancy; The second wave-damping power generation unit (6) includes: Movable wave-damping structure (61) arranged between adjacent two floating discs (53), which is provided with second arc-shaped flow guide opening (611) penetrating the water flow; Rotary wheel (62) installed in the second arc-shaped flow guide opening (611); Second turbine generator (63) coaxially connected with the rotary wheel (62) for generating electricity by water flow impacting the rotary wheel (62); Adjacent floating discs (53) are fixedly connected by U-shaped connecting piece (531), and a buffer protection unit is arranged between the movable wave-damping structure (61) and the U-shaped connecting piece (531); Current sensor (32) is connected in series on the cable of the electrochemical protection unit, the current sensor (32) is connected with controller (33), the output end of the controller (33) is connected with alarm (34), and the current sensor (32), the controller (33) and the alarm (34) constitute a corrosion protection state monitoring system.

2. The salt-water corrosion resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed wave dissipating structure (42) is provided with a first arc-shaped flow guide opening (421) for guiding water flow to dissipate energy, the twisted Wangzi blocks (41) are arranged in a staggered manner in a quincunx pattern on the bottom of the wave protection area (4), the block spacing of the twisted Wangzi blocks (41) is less than or equal to 1.5 times the block size, and the fixed wave dissipating structure (42) is arranged on the side of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2) and is spaced apart from the twisted Wangzi blocks (41) by 3-5 m, and the two are not in direct contact.

3. The salt-water corrosion resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer protection unit comprises: a guide rail frame (7) fixed to the U-shaped connecting piece (531); a bearing frame (71) slidably assembled on the guide rail frame (7), and the movable wave dissipating structure (61) is rotationally connected to the bearing frame (71) through a limiting shaft (76); a damper (72) and a spring (73) symmetrically arranged between the guide rail frame (7) and the bearing frame (71).

4. The salt-water corrosion resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sleeve (74) is fixed on the guide rail frame (7), and a limiting rod (75) that is in sliding fit with the sleeve (74) is fixed on the bearing frame (71).

5. The salt-water corrosion resistant port steel-concrete composite breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion protection state monitoring system is configured and performs the following operations: S101: Real-time monitoring of the current value of the cathodic protection grid (3) by the current sensor (32); S102: The controller (33) determines whether the current value is within a preset threshold range; S103: When the current value is lower than the threshold range, a first alarm signal is triggered and an under-protection alarm code is output; S104: When the current value is higher than the threshold range, a second alarm signal is triggered and an over-protection alarm code is output; S105: According to the alarm code, the corresponding maintenance strategy is executed, which includes: For the under-protection alarm code, check the anode material (31) consumption, test the cable connectivity and scan the cathodic protection grid (3) integrity; For the over-protection alarm code, calibrate the power output, detect the seawater conductivity and check the state of the insulating layer of the insulating cable; S106: After the maintenance strategy is executed, the alarm (34) is reset by the controller (33), and the current monitoring step S101 is returned.

6. The method of constructing a harbor steel-concrete composite breakwater structure resistant to salt spray corrosion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The construction method comprises the following steps: S1: driving a pile (8) through the ground at a predetermined position; S2: binding a first weather-resistant steel skeleton (12) in the slope area, binding a second weather-resistant steel skeleton (21) in the vertical wall area, and welding and fixing the first weather-resistant steel skeleton (12) and the second weather-resistant steel skeleton (21) with the pile (8); S3: laying a cathodic protection grid (3) on the surface of the first weather-resistant steel skeleton (12) and the second weather-resistant steel skeleton (21), and pre-burying a cable connected with an anode material (31); S4: formwork pouring concrete to form a slope foundation structure (1) and a steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2), and coating a composite coating (11) on the slope surface; S5: installing twisted Wangzi blocks (41) and a fixed wave dissipating structure (42) with a first arc-shaped flow guide opening (421) in the wave protection area (4); S6: install the first turbine generator (51) on the top of the steel-concrete composite vertical wall (2), assemble the floating plate (53) with the floating block (54) and the large arm (52); S7: connect the adjacent floating plates (53) through the U-shaped connecting piece (531), and install the second wave-damping power generation unit (6) and the buffer protection unit between the adjacent floating plates (53); S8: activate the electrochemical protection unit by power supply, debug the first wave-damping power generation unit (5), the second wave-damping power generation unit (6) and the corrosion protection state monitoring system.

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