A new bridge crack width observation instrument and use method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of building detection, and relates to a novel bridge crack width observation instrument and a use method. It aims to solve the problems of high risk of manual operation, limited detection range of traditional instruments, and easy interference of dust in traditional bridge crack detection. The observation instrument comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a base, an observation host, a detection head, an adjusting support and a cleaning mechanism. The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with the base at the bottom, the observation host is detachably connected to the base through a fixing assembly, the detection head is connected to the observation host through a wire and is provided with a positioning cylinder on one side; the adjusting support comprises a fixed support, a rotating support and an electric push rod, the rotating support is provided with a driving motor, the detection head is connected to the adjusting support through an adjusting seat, and the detection angle can be adjusted; the cleaning mechanism comprises a brush and a soot blowing assembly, and can clean the dust in the cracks and blow the dust in the positioning cylinder. It is mainly used for accurate detection of the width of bridge cracks, and is especially suitable for bridge areas that are difficult for manual access.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of building detection, and relates to a novel bridge crack width observation instrument and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component of traffic infrastructure, the structural safety of a bridge is directly related to traffic safety. In the long-term use process, cracks are prone to occur on the surface of the bridge due to factors such as vehicle load, environmental erosion and material aging. If these cracks are not detected and evaluated in time, they may gradually expand, affecting the bearing capacity and service life of the bridge, and even causing safety accidents. Therefore, accurate and efficient detection of the crack width of the bridge is an important part of bridge maintenance work.

[0003] At present, bridge crack detection mainly relies on manual detection and traditional instrument detection. In manual detection, the detection personnel need to use tools such as a telescope and a caliper to visually inspect and measure the surface of the bridge. This method not only has high labor intensity, but also requires the detection personnel to build a scaffold or use climbing equipment to access high-altitude areas and the side of the pier of the bridge, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has high safety risks. In addition, the results of manual detection are easily affected by subjective factors such as the experience and responsibility of the detection personnel, and the accuracy and consistency of the data are difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Traditional instrument detection mainly uses handheld portable crack observation instruments to obtain crack width data through optical imaging or contact measurement principles. However, these instruments still require the detection personnel to operate near the crack, and have limitations in the detection of complex structure bridges. Some instruments have remote detection functions, but the detection light path is easily blocked due to the long distance, which makes it difficult to adapt to the detection needs of cracks at different positions. In addition, the surface of the bridge is often covered with dust and debris, which needs to be manually cleaned before detection by the traditional instruments, otherwise the detection accuracy will be affected, further increasing the complexity of the detection process.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a novel bridge crack width observation instrument and a use method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the application provides a novel bridge crack width observation instrument and a use method to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A novel bridge crack width observation instrument, comprising:

[0009] An unmanned aerial vehicle, a base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0010] An observation host is detachably connected to the base through a fixing assembly;

[0011] A detection head is connected to the observation host through a wire, and one side of the detection head is detachably provided with a positioning cylinder;

[0012] An adjusting support is arranged on one side of the base, and the detection head is connected to one end of the adjusting support through an adjusting seat;

[0013] The adjusting support comprises a fixing support, a rotating support and an electric push rod, a driving motor is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating support, and the adjusting seat is connected to the output end of the driving motor;

[0014] A cleaning mechanism is arranged on the adjusting seat and is used for cleaning dust in the crack, and the cleaning mechanism comprises a soot blowing assembly which is used for cleaning dust in the positioning cylinder during detection;

[0015] The adjusting seat is driven to rotate by the extension of the electric push rod and the power of the driving motor, the detection angle of the detection head is adjusted, and the crack position is ensured to be aligned; meanwhile, the cleaning mechanism sweeps the crack dust during movement, the soot blowing assembly blows the dust in the positioning cylinder, and the detection accuracy is ensured.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0017] The fixing support is fixedly installed on the base;

[0018] One end of the electric push rod is rotatably installed on the base;

[0019] The rotating support is rotatably installed in the fixing support;

[0020] The other end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rotating support;

[0021] The rotating support is located between two adjacent wings.

[0022] One end of the rotating support is fixedly installed with a fixing disc;

[0023] One side of the fixing disc is rotatably installed with a rotating disc;

[0024] The rotating disc is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor through a gear ring and a gear;

[0025] The adjusting seat comprises a mounting frame arranged on one side of the rotating disc;

[0026] A plurality of fixing seats I are fixedly installed on the mutually close sides of the mounting frame and the rotating disc;

[0027] A damping rod is installed between the two corresponding fixed seats I;

[0028] Both ends of the damping rod are fixedly installed with universal balls, and the universal balls are embedded in the corresponding fixed seats I;

[0029] A universal rod is installed through one side of the rotating disk and the fixed disk;

[0030] A fixed base II is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame. One end of the universal rod is embedded in the fixed base II, and the other end passes through one side of the rotating disk and the fixed disk.

[0031] A spring is fitted on the outer wall of the universal rod, and the two ends of the spring abut against the outer wall of the universal rod and one side of the rotating disk through spring seats, respectively.

[0032] The fixing assembly includes two retaining rings and a fixing rod II that are fixedly sleeved on the base;

[0033] A mounting plate is installed on the fixed rod II;

[0034] The top of the retaining ring is integrally formed with a limiting protrusion;

[0035] The mounting plate has a U-shaped opening on one side that cooperates with the limiting protrusion;

[0036] A limiting seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate;

[0037] A retaining strip is rotatably installed inside the limiting seat via a rotating shaft;

[0038] The bottom of the fixing rod II is provided with a slot for engaging with the locking strip;

[0039] A torsion spring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring abut against the inner side of the limiting seat and the outer side of the locking strip, respectively.

[0040] The cleaning mechanism includes two sets of rotating seats fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame;

[0041] Each set of rotating seats is rotatably installed with a rotating bar;

[0042] A fixing rod I is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating bar;

[0043] The other end of the fixed rod I is fitted with a ball bearing;

[0044] A brush is installed on one side of the ball;

[0045] A torsion spring I is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the rotating bar, and the two ends of the torsion spring I abut against the outer wall of the rotating shaft and the inner wall of one side of the rotating seat, respectively.

[0046] The outer wall of the adjusting seat is fixedly provided with two limiting strips corresponding to the rotating strips, and the rotating strips are supported by the limiting strips.

[0047] The blowing ash assembly comprises two groups of cylinder bodies fixedly installed through the installation frame.

[0048] The piston head is installed in the cylinder body.

[0049] One end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the piston head, and the other end is fixedly connected with the rotating seat.

[0050] The other end of the cylinder body is connected with a connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe extends into the positioning cylinder.

[0051] The bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle is fixedly provided with a camera I above the base.

[0052] One side of the rotating support is fixedly provided with a camera II.

[0053] After the detection head is aligned with the crack with the assistance of the positioning cylinder, the crack is imaged by the internal optical assembly, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the observation host, the observation host processes the signal and calculates the crack width.

[0054] The camera I transmits the observation host processing result to the remote control end.

[0055] A use method of the novel bridge crack width observation instrument based on the above, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, the observation host is installed on the base through the fixing assembly, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the device to ascend, and the bridge crack area is positioned through the camera II;

[0057] S2, the electric push rod and the driving motor are started, the angle of the detection head is adjusted to align with the crack, and the brush of the cleaning mechanism sweeps the crack surface dust;

[0058] S3, the rotating strip rotates to drive the piston rod to push the piston head, and the compressed air in the cylinder body is blown into the positioning cylinder through the connecting pipe.

[0059] S4, the detection head collects the crack image and transmits it to the observation host, the camera I transmits the observation host processing result to the remote control display screen, and the crack width detection is completed.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0061] 1. The novel bridge crack width observation instrument disclosed in the application can easily reach the high altitude of the bridge, the side surface of the pier and other areas that are difficult for humans to access by using an unmanned aerial vehicle as a mobile carrier, breaks through the limitations of traditional detection equipment on detection positions, greatly expands the detection range, eliminates the need to use climbing equipment or replace remote detection equipment, reduces the deployment time and cost of auxiliary equipment, improves the flexibility and efficiency of detection operations, and is especially suitable for detection work of large bridges or complex structure bridges.

[0062] 2. The novel bridge crack width observation instrument disclosed in the application realizes flexible adjustment of the detection head in multiple angles and multiple directions through the combined design of the adjusting support and the adjusting seat. The electric push rod and the driving motor provide stable power, and cooperate with the linkage of components such as the rotating disc and the damping rod to accurately control the posture of the detection head, ensuring that it is always aligned with the crack position. Whether the crack is distributed horizontally, vertically or obliquely, the detection head can be adjusted to maintain the best detection angle with the crack, effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by angle deviation and improving the accuracy of detection data.

[0063] 3. The novel bridge crack width observation instrument disclosed in the application solves the problem of dust around the crack interfering with detection accuracy through the cooperative work of the cleaning mechanism and the soot blowing assembly. The brush is in close contact with the surface of the bridge under the action of the torsional spring and can clean the floating dust around the crack when the device moves and rotates. The soot blowing assembly generates airflow through piston movement to directly blow away the fine dust inside the positioning cylinder and at the edge of the crack, ensuring that the detection head obtains a clear crack image. The double cleaning measures reduce the misjudgment caused by dust obstruction, making the detection result more reliable and reducing the workload of later data review.

[0064] 4. The novel bridge crack width observation instrument disclosed in the application realizes quick disassembly and assembly of the detection head and the base through the use of structures such as snap rings, limiting protrusions and clamping strips in the fixing assembly, without the need for tools. The installation or replacement of the observation host can be completed through manual operation, which is convenient for replacing observation hosts of different models according to detection needs and facilitates equipment maintenance and repair, reduces the operation difficulty, saves equipment debugging time and improves the continuity of detection operations.

[0065] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be set forth in part in the following specification, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the following specification, or can be learned from practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0066] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the preferred detailed description of the present application will be given below with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0067] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0068] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application from another perspective;

[0069] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of a base and an observation host of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0070] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of a probe and a base connection of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0071] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of a probe and an adjusting seat of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0072] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of an adjusting seat of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0073] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic view of an observation host and a base clamping of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0074] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic view of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application; Figure 7 It is an exploded structural schematic view;

[0075] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic view of a connecting strip installation of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application;

[0076] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic view of a cylinder section of a new bridge crack width observation instrument according to the present application.

[0077] Mark No. : 1, unmanned aerial vehicle; 2, base; 3, camera I; 4, observation host; 5, adjusting support; 51, fixed support; 52, rotating support; 53, electric push rod; 54, rotating disc; 55, driving motor; 56, fixed disc; 6, adjusting seat; 61, mounting frame; 62, fixed seat I; 63, damping rod; 64, universal ball; 65, fixed seat II; 66, universal rod; 67, spring; 7, camera II; 8, detection head; 81, positioning cylinder; 9, cleaning mechanism; 91, rotating seat; 92, rotating strip; 93, brush; 94, fixed rod I; 95, ball; 96, limiting strip; 97, torsional spring I; 10, soot blowing assembly; 101, connecting pipe; 102, piston rod; 103, cylinder body; 104, piston head; 11, mounting plate; 12, clamping ring; 13, limiting protrusion; 14, U-shaped mouth; 15, fixed rod II; 16, clamping groove; 17, limiting seat; 18, rotating shaft; 19, clamping strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The present application is further explained in greater detail by the following embodiments, which are provided by way of illustration only, and should not be construed in any way to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be apparent that the examples set forth in the description of the present application are intended to be illustrative and not limiting of the present application. Other embodiments can be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the description.

[0079] It should be noted that the drawings are only intended to illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and the representation is only a schematic diagram, not a physical diagram, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present application. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, some components in the drawings are omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual size of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings can be omitted.

[0080] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0081] Embodiment one

[0082] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a novel bridge crack width observation instrument includes an observation host 4, which is the core control and data processing part of the entire device. One side of the observation host 4 is connected to a probe head 8 via a wire. The wire is made of wear-resistant shielded cable to reduce external interference and ensure stable data transmission. A positioning cylinder 81 is detachably installed on one side of the probe head 8. The positioning cylinder 81 is made of lightweight alloy material with a smooth inner wall and rounded edges to avoid scratching the bridge surface when in contact with it. The positioning cylinder 81 is threadedly connected to the probe head 8, facilitating replacement of the positioning cylinder 81 to meet crack measurement needs. The observation host 4 and probe head 8 are HC-CK101 crack width observation instruments.

[0083] The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 1 serves as a mobile carrier, with a base 2 fixedly mounted on its bottom. The base 2 is made of high-strength plastic and is connected to the bottom of the UAV 1 by bolts, ensuring a secure and lightweight connection. The observation host 4 is detachably connected to the base 2 via a fixing assembly. Specifically, the fixing assembly consists of two retaining rings 12 and a fixing rod II 15 fixedly fitted onto the base 2. The retaining rings 12 are made of elastic metal and can fit tightly onto the base 2. The fixing rod II 15 is welded to the base 2. A mounting plate 11 is mounted on the fixing rod II 15, and the observation host 4 is bolted to the mounting plate 11. The top of the retaining ring 12 has an integrally formed limiting protrusion 13, which is hemispherical. One side of the mounting plate 11 has a U-shaped opening 14 that mates with the limiting protrusion 13. The size of the U-shaped opening 14 matches the limiting protrusion 13. When the mounting plate 11 moves to the appropriate position, the limiting protrusion 13 engages with the U-shaped opening 14, achieving horizontal positioning and vertical limiting of the mounting plate 11. A limiting seat 17 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 11. The limiting seat 17 is connected to the mounting plate 11 by screws. A retaining strip 19 is rotatably mounted inside the limiting seat 17 via a rotating shaft 18. The rotating shaft 18 passes through the retaining strip 19 and the two side walls of the limiting seat 17, allowing the retaining strip 19 to rotate around the rotating shaft 18. The bottom of the fixing rod II 15 has a retaining groove 16 that engages with the retaining strip 19. The retaining strip 19 is hook-shaped, and its size matches the depth and width of the retaining groove 16. A torsion spring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 18. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the inner side of the limiting seat 17 and the outer side of the locking strip 19, respectively. In its natural state, the elastic force of the torsion spring keeps the locking strip 19 locked into the locking groove 16. When it is necessary to disassemble the observation host 4, simply move the locking strip 19 to disengage it from the locking groove 16, and the mounting plate 11 along with the observation host 4 can be removed from the fixing rod II 15. The operation is convenient. A camera I 3 is also fixedly installed on the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, located above the base 2. The camera I 3 is a high-definition wide-angle camera with its lens facing downwards, used to capture the data displayed on the observation host 4. The camera I 3 is connected to the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 through a bracket.

[0084] The adjusting support 5 is arranged on one side of the base 2, and the detection head 8 is connected to one end of the adjusting support 5 through the adjusting seat 6. The adjusting support 5 is composed of a fixed support 51, a rotating support 52 and an electric push rod 53. The fixed support 51 is fixed on the base 2 by welding, and the fixed support 51 has a U-shaped structure to provide stable support for the rotating support 52. One end of the electric push rod 53 is rotatably installed on the base 2 through a hinge, and the other end is also rotatably connected to one side of the bottom end of the rotating support 52 through a hinge. The rotating support 52 is rotatably installed in the fixed support 51, and the rotating shaft of the rotating support 52 is connected to the two side walls of the fixed support 51. The rotating support 52 is located between the adjacent two wings to avoid interference with the wings during rotation. One side of the rotating support 52 is fixedly installed with a driving motor 55. The driving motor 55 is a servo motor, which has high control accuracy. The adjusting seat 6 is connected to the output end of the driving motor 55. Through the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 53 and the rotation of the driving motor 55, the adjusting seat 6 can be driven to rotate at multiple angles, so as to adjust the detection point and meet the detection needs of cracks at different positions. A camera II 7 is also fixedly installed on one side of the rotating support 52. The camera II 7 adopts a long-focus lens and is used for close-range shooting of the cracks to assist the precise positioning of the detection head 8.

[0085] The cleaning mechanism 9 is installed on the adjusting seat 6 and is used for cleaning the dust at the crack. The cleaning mechanism 9 includes two groups of rotating seats 91 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame 61. The rotating seats 91 are connected to the mounting frame 61 by screws. Each group of rotating seats 91 is rotatably installed with a rotating strip 92 through a rotating shaft. The rotating strip 92 can freely rotate around the rotating shaft. One side of the rotating strip 92 is fixedly installed with a fixed rod I 94, which is perpendicular to the rotating strip 92. The other end of the fixed rod I 94 is embedded with a ball 95, which can flexibly roll to reduce the friction with the bridge. One side of the ball 95 is installed with a brush 93 made of soft and wear-resistant nylon material, which can effectively remove the dust in the crack without damaging the surface of the bridge. A torsional spring I 97 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the rotating strip 92. The two ends of the torsional spring I 97 are in contact with the outer wall of the rotating shaft and the inner wall of one side of the rotating seat 91, respectively. Under the elastic force of the torsional spring I 97, the rotating strip 92 has a certain rotating tendency, so that the brush 93 can closely fit the surface of the bridge. During the process of the positioning cylinder 81 approaching the bridge, the rotating seat 91 can swing to make room. The outer wall of the adjusting seat 6 is fixedly installed with two limiting strips 96 corresponding to the rotating strip 92. The limiting strips 96 are made of metal material. When the rotating strip 92 rotates to a certain angle, it will be in contact with the limiting strips 96. The limiting strips 96 support the rotating strip 92 to avoid excessive rotation of the rotating strip 92 and affect the process of the rotating seat 91 approaching the bridge.

[0086] Embodiment two

[0087] Reference Figures 1-10The utility model provides a novel bridge crack width observation appearance, one end fixed mounting of rotary support 52 has fixed disc 56, fixed disc 56 is connected with rotary support 52 through bolt, one side of fixed disc 56 rotatably installs rotary disc 54 through bearing, rotary disc 54 can flexibly rotate around the center axis of fixed disc 56. Rotary disc 54 is transmission connection with the output end of drive motor 55 through gear ring and gear, when drive motor 55 works, its output shaft drives gear to rotate, and gear is engaged with the gear ring on rotary disc 54, thereby driving rotary disc 54 to rotate, and further drive adjusting seat 6 to rotate to keep probe head 8 with the parallel direction of crack.

[0088] Adjusting seat 6 includes installation frame 61, installation frame 61 is arranged at one side of rotary disc 54, and probe head 8 is installed in installation frame 61 through bolt, and installation frame 61 and rotary disc 54 are fixedly installed with a plurality of fixed seat I 62 on the side of each other, and are connected with installation frame 61 and rotary disc 54 respectively through welding. Damping rod 63 is installed between the corresponding two fixed seat I 62, and universal ball 64 is fixedly installed at both ends of damping rod 63, universal ball 64 is made of high-strength wear-resistant material, can flexibly rotate in fixed seat I 62, and universal ball 64 is embedded in the corresponding fixed seat I 62, so that damping rod 63 can adapt to the angle change between installation frame 61 and rotary disc 54, simultaneously provide certain damping force, guarantee the stability of structure. One side of rotary disc 54, fixed disc 56 penetrates and is installed universal rod 66, universal rod 66 adopts the metal rod of bendable and shaped, and one side of installation frame 61 is fixedly installed with fixed seat II 65, one end of universal rod 66 is embedded in fixed seat II 65, and universal rod 66 plays the role of auxiliary support and positioning to installation frame 61. Spring 67 is sleeved on the outer wall of universal rod 66, and the both ends of spring 67 respectively abut against the outer wall of universal rod 66 and one side of rotary disc 54 through spring seat, avoid the hard contact of positioning cylinder 81 and bridge, and protect relevant components.

[0089] The cleaning mechanism 9 further comprises a soot blowing assembly 10 arranged on the adjusting seat 6, which blows away the soot in the positioning cylinder 81 when detecting. The soot blowing assembly 10 comprises two groups of cylinder bodies 103 fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 61 in a penetrating manner, which are made of stainless steel and have good sealing performance. A piston head 104 is arranged in the cylinder body 103, which is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body 103 and can slide in the cylinder body 103. A piston rod 102 is arranged on one side of the cylinder body 103 in a penetrating manner, one end of the piston rod 102 is fixedly connected with the piston head 104, and the other end is fixedly connected with the rotating seat 91. When the rotating strip 92 rotates, the piston rod 102 is driven to move in the cylinder body 103, and in turn, the piston head 104 is driven to move. The other end of the cylinder body 103 is connected with a connecting pipe 101, which is a flexible hose, and the other end of the connecting pipe 101 extends into the positioning cylinder 81. When the piston head 104 moves towards the connecting pipe 101, the air in the cylinder body 103 is compressed and blown into the positioning cylinder 81 through the connecting pipe 101, so that the soot in the positioning cylinder 81 is blown out, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy of the detection head 8.

[0090] Working principle:

[0091] When the observation host 4 is installed on the base 2, first, the U-shaped opening 14 on the mounting plate 11 is aligned with the limiting protrusion 13 on the clamping ring 12, and the mounting plate 11 is moved to one side so that the limiting protrusion 13 is clamped into the U-shaped opening 14. At this time, the clamping strip 19 rotates around the rotating shaft 18 under the elastic force of the torsional spring and is clamped into the clamping groove 16 at the bottom of the fixed rod II 15, thereby fixing the mounting plate 11 and the fixed rod II 15, and further fixing the observation host 4 on the base 2. If disassembly is required, the clamping strip 19 is pulled by hand to overcome the elastic force of the torsional spring and disengage from the clamping groove 16, and then the mounting plate 11 is moved to the other side so that the limiting protrusion 13 is disengaged from the U-shaped opening 14, and the observation host 4 can be removed.

[0092] When the new bridge crack width observation instrument is started, the power system of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 starts to operate and drives the overall device to ascend. The operator sends instructions through the remote controller, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 adjusts the flight attitude according to the instructions. The base 2 moves synchronously with the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, at this time, the camera II 7 is in a working state, continuously shooting the picture of the bridge, and transmitting the picture to the display screen of the controller in real time. The operator observes the picture on the display screen to roughly judge the area where the bridge surface may have cracks, and controls the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 to approach the target area.

[0093] When the probe head 8 approaches the crack, the cleaning mechanism 9 begins to clean around the crack. The driving motor 55 is started, and its output shaft rotates, driving the rotating disc 54 to rotate on the fixed disc 56 through the meshing transmission of the gear and the tooth ring on the rotating disc 54. The rotation of the rotating disc 54 drives the adjusting seat 6 to rotate as a whole, and the rolling ball 95 rolls on the surface of the bridge, driving the brush 93 to clean the dust around the crack.

[0094] When the detection angle of the probe head 8 needs to be adjusted, the adjusting support 5 starts to work. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 53 extends or retracts, and since the two ends of the electric push rod 53 are respectively connected with the base 2 and the rotating support 52, its telescopic movement drives the rotating support 52 to rotate around the connecting shaft with the fixed support 51, thereby changing the inclination angle of the rotating support 52. At the same time, the driving motor 55 is started, and its output shaft rotates, driving the rotating disc 54 to rotate on the fixed disc 56 through the meshing transmission of the gear and the tooth ring on the rotating disc 54. The rotation of the rotating disc 54 drives the adjusting seat 6 to rotate as a whole, and the adjusting seat 6 is adjusted at multiple angles in combination with the change of the inclination angle of the rotating support 52, finally driving the probe head 8 to adjust to the appropriate detection angle and aligning with the crack on the bridge.

[0095] The unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is started to move towards the bridge, so that the positioning cylinder 81 is attached to the surface of the bridge. During the contact process, the adjusting seat 6 can automatically adjust the process under the pressure of movement, and the damping rod 63 and the universal ball 64 between the mounting frame 61 and the rotating disc 54 work in cooperation. When the mounting frame 61 rotates with the rotating disc 54 or slightly deviates due to external force, the universal ball 64 rotates in the fixed seat I 62, and the damping rod 63 stretches and inclines accordingly, utilizing its damping characteristics to slow down the shaking of the mounting frame 61 and keep the structure stable. The universal rod 66 moves with the compression of the mounting frame 61, and its one end rotates in the fixed seat II 65, while the spring 67 is compressed or stretched, generating a spring force acting on the rotating disc 54 and the universal rod 66, further buffering the impact force received by the mounting frame 61 and avoiding damage to the components due to violent shaking.

[0096] When the probe head 8 approaches the crack, the rotating strip 92 rotates around the rotating shaft in the rotating seat 91 under pressure, making the rolling ball 95 at the end of the fixed rod I 94 roll on the surface of the bridge. With the movement of the probe head 8, the rolling ball 95 rolls on the surface of the bridge, driving the brush 93 to move on the bridge deck.

[0097] The blowing ash assembly 10 works synchronously. When the rotating bar 92 rotates, it drives the piston rod 102 to move in the cylinder 103, and the piston rod 102 pushes the piston head 104 to slide in the cylinder 103. When the piston head 104 moves towards the connecting pipe 101, the air in the cylinder 103 is compressed and delivered to the positioning cylinder 81 through the connecting pipe 101, and then blown out from the end of the positioning cylinder 81 to blow away the fine dust in the positioning cylinder 81 and the edge of the crack, so as to avoid the influence of the dust on the detection accuracy of the probe head 8. When the probe head 8 moves away from the crack, the rotating bar 92 reversely rotates under the action of the torsion spring 97, and the piston rod 102 drives the piston head 104 to move reversely, so that the negative pressure is formed in the cylinder 103 to inhale the air from the outside for the next blowing, and the rotating bar 92 will contact with the limiting bar 96 in the reverse rotation process, so that the rotating bar 92 forms a certain angle with the mounting frame 61.

[0098] After the probe head 8 is aligned with the crack with the aid of the positioning cylinder 81, it starts to detect the width of the crack. The optical assembly in the probe head 8 images the crack, converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the observation host 4 through the wire. The observation host 4 processes and analyzes the received electrical signal, calculates the width of the crack, and displays the result on the display screen. The camera II 7 continuously shoots the high-definition picture of the crack during the detection process and transmits it to the observation host 4, and the camera I 3 transmits the data displayed by the observation host 4 to the remote control end of the operator.

[0099] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A bridge crack width observer characterized by, Include: Unmanned aerial vehicle (1), the bottom of which is fixedly provided with a base (2); An observation host (4) is detachably connected to the base (2) through a fixed assembly; A detection head (8) is connected to the observation host (4) through a wire, and one side of the detection head (8) is detachably provided with a positioning cylinder (81); An adjusting support (5) is arranged on one side of the base (2), and the detection head (8) is connected to one end of the adjusting support (5) through an adjusting seat (6); The adjusting support (5) comprises a fixed support (51), a rotating support (52) and an electric push rod (53), one side of the rotating support (52) is fixedly provided with a driving motor (55), and the adjusting seat (6) is connected to the output end of the driving motor (55); A cleaning mechanism (9) is arranged on the adjusting seat (6) and used for cleaning crack dust, and the cleaning mechanism (9) comprises a soot blowing assembly (10) for cleaning dust in the positioning cylinder (81) during detection; Wherein, the adjusting seat (6) is rotated by the extension of the electric push rod (53) and the power driving of the driving motor (55), the detection angle of the detection head (8) is adjusted, and the crack position is ensured to be aligned; meanwhile, the cleaning mechanism (9) sweeps crack dust during movement, the soot blowing assembly (10) blows away dust in the positioning cylinder (81), and the detection accuracy is ensured; The fixed support (51) is fixedly installed on the base (2), one end of the electric push rod (53) is rotatably installed on the base (2), the rotating support (52) is rotatably installed in the fixed support (51), the other end of the electric push rod (53) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rotating support (52), and the rotating support (52) is located between two adjacent wings; One end of the rotating support (52) is fixedly provided with a fixed disc (56), one side of the fixed disc (56) is rotatably provided with a rotating disc (54), and the rotating disc (54) is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor (55) through a gear ring and a gear; The adjusting seat (6) comprises a mounting frame (61) arranged on one side of the rotating disc (54), and a plurality of fixed seats I (62) are fixedly installed on the mutually close sides of the mounting frame (61) and the rotating disc (54); Two said fixed seats I (62) between the installation of the damping rod (63), both ends of the damping rod (63) are fixedly installed with universal ball (64), the universal ball (64) is embedded in the corresponding fixed seat I (62), the rotating disc (54), the fixed disc (56) one side through the installation of universal rod (66), the installation frame (61) one side is fixedly installed with fixed seat II (65), one end of the universal rod (66) is embedded in the fixed seat II (65), the other end through the rotating disc (54) and the fixed disc (56) one side, the outer wall of the universal rod (66) is sleeved with spring (67), the both ends of the spring (67) are respectively through the spring seat and the outer wall of the universal rod (66) and the one side of the rotating disc (54) abut. 2.The bridge crack width observation instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes two clamping rings (12) and a fixed rod II (15) fixedly sleeved on the base (2), the fixed rod II (15) is provided with a mounting plate (11), the top of the clamping ring (12) is integrally provided with a limiting protrusion (13), the mounting plate (11) is provided with a U-shaped opening (14) on one side, the limiting protrusion (13) is used in cooperation, the bottom of the mounting plate (11) is fixedly provided with a limiting seat (17), the clamping strip (19) is rotatably installed in the limiting seat (17) through the rotating shaft (18), the bottom of the fixed rod II (15) is provided with a clamping groove (16) matched with the clamping strip (19), the torsional spring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (18), and the both ends of the torsional spring abut against the inner side of the limiting seat (17) and the outer side of the clamping strip (19) respectively. 3.The bridge crack width observation instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (9) includes two groups of rotating seats (91) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the installation frame (61), each group of rotating seats (91) is rotatably provided with a rotating strip (92), one side of the rotating strip (92) is fixedly provided with a fixed rod I (94), the other end of the fixed rod I (94) is embedded with a ball (95), one side of the ball (95) is provided with a brush (93), the rotating shaft of the rotating strip (92) is sleeved with a torsional spring I (97), and the both ends of the torsional spring I (97) abut against the outer wall of the rotating shaft and the inner wall of one side of the rotating seat (91) respectively. 4.The bridge crack width observation instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the adjusting seat (6) is fixedly provided with two limiting strips (96) corresponding to the rotating strip (92), and the rotating strip (92) is supported by the limiting strips (96). 5.The bridge crack width observation instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soot blowing assembly (10) includes two groups of cylinder bodies (103) fixedly installed on the installation frame (61). The cylinder (103) is provided with a piston head (104), one side of the cylinder (103) is provided with a piston rod (102), one end of the piston rod (102) is fixedly connected with the piston head (104), the other end is fixedly connected with the rotating seat (91), the other end of the cylinder (103) is connected with a connecting pipe (101), the other end of the connecting pipe (101) extends into the positioning cylinder (81), and the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1) is fixedly provided with a camera I (3) above the base (2); One side of the rotating bracket (52) is fixedly provided with a camera II (7).

6. The bridge crack width observer according to claim 5, characterized by, After the detection head (8) is aligned with the crack under the assistance of the positioning cylinder (81), the crack is imaged through the internal optical assembly, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the observation host (4), the observation host (4) processes the signal and calculates the crack width, and the camera I (3) transmits the processing result of the observation host (4) to the remote control end.

7. A method of using the bridge crack width observer of claim 6, wherein, The steps include: S1, the observation host (4) is installed on the base (2) through the fixed assembly, the unmanned aerial vehicle (1) carries the device to ascend, and the crack area of the bridge is positioned through the camera II (7); S2, the electric push rod (53) and the driving motor (55) are started, the angle of the detection head (8) is adjusted to align with the crack, and the brush (93) of the cleaning mechanism (9) sweeps the surface dust of the crack; S3, the rotating strip (92) drives the piston rod (102) to push the piston head (104), and the compressed air in the cylinder (103) is blown into the positioning cylinder (81) through the connecting pipe (101); S4, the detection head (8) collects the crack image and transmits it to the observation host (4), the camera I (3) transmits the processing result of the observation host (4) to the remote control display screen, and the crack width detection is completed.

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