Efficient method for returning corn stalks to the field

Abstract

The application discloses a corn straw efficient returning method, and belongs to the field of agricultural technology, which comprises the following steps: layering the soil of a large range of corn field along the vertical direction, and obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer; obtaining the organic matter concentration value of the middle layer of the soil in the corn field, so as to obtain the corn field partition of the large range of corn field; obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the historical value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition; obtaining the returning straw amount of the corn field partition based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers; obtaining the put-in amount of the rotting agent of the corn field partition based on the returning straw amount of the corn field partition; configuring the returning straw and the rotting agent based on the returning straw amount of the corn field partition and the put-in amount of the rotting agent of the corn field partition, and setting a new soil bottom layer in the autumn; and constructing a new soil middle layer and a new soil surface layer based on the new soil bottom layer. The problem of unreasonable returning straw amount setting in the prior art is solved, and the effect of the straw returning operation is fully improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency corn straw returning method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw returning is an important measure to improve the soil fertility of corn fields. However, the full-straw returning rate of corn straw in the black soil region of Northeast China is low. After the straw residues are returned to the soil by shallow rotation and deep plowing in spring, the residues are too large in amount, which affects the corn transplanting and root growth in spring. In addition, the soil temperature in Northeast China is low for a long time, and only a short period of returning treatment cannot fully play the effect of straw returning, resulting in a decrease in the effect of straw returning. In addition, the amount of straw to be put in is not a research object in straw returning, which easily leads to unreasonable amount of straw to be put in, resulting in resource waste. In addition, if the amount of straw to be put in is too high, the straw is difficult to completely decompose, affecting the root growth. Or, if the amount of straw to be put in is insufficient, the effect of straw returning is decreased.

[0003] Therefore, how to develop a corn straw returning method capable of guaranteeing the effect of straw returning and avoiding resource waste or insufficient amount of straw to be put in, so as to realize high-efficiency corn straw returning, is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the current corn straw returning technology, the application discloses a corn straw returning method, which aims to reasonably determine the amount of straw to be put in and orderly adjust the soil layering. On the basis of reasonable amount of straw to be put in, the corn straw can be decomposed for a longer time through the adjustment of the soil layer position, the organic matter release amount of the corn straw is increased, and the purpose of high-efficiency corn straw returning is achieved. Specifically,

[0005] A high-efficiency corn straw returning method, the method comprising:

[0006] layering the soil of a large range of corn fields along the vertical direction, and obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer;

[0007] obtaining the organic matter concentration value of the middle layer of the soil in the large range of corn fields, so as to obtain the corn field partition of the large range of corn fields;

[0008] obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the historical value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition;

[0009] obtaining the returning straw amount of the corn field partition based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers;

[0010] obtaining the amount of the decomposition accelerator to be put in the corn field partition based on the returning straw amount of the corn field partition.

[0011] based on the amount of returned straw of the corn field subarea and the amount of the soil rotting agent of the corn field subarea, configure the returned straw and the soil rotting agent, and set a new soil bottom layer in the autumn;

[0012] based on the new soil bottom layer, construct a new soil middle layer and a new soil surface layer.

[0013] Optionally, the soil of the large-scale corn field is layered along the vertical direction, and the organic matter concentration of each soil layer is obtained, including:

[0014] obtain the soil environment of the planting area of the large-scale corn field, and determine the thickness of the layered soil;

[0015] based on the soil bulk density distribution of the large-area corn field, determine the soil surface layer depth;

[0016] remove the soil surface layer depth from the thickness of the layered soil to obtain the remaining soil layer thickness;

[0017] divide the remaining soil layer thickness equally, and the soil layers corresponding to the divided soil layer thicknesses are the soil middle layer and the soil bottom layer from top to bottom;

[0018] obtain the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in all sampling areas in the large-scale corn field.

[0019] Optionally, the organic matter concentration value of the soil middle layer in the large-scale corn field is obtained to obtain the corn field subarea of the large-scale corn field, including:

[0020] obtain the soil middle layer organic matter concentration in the organic matter concentration of each soil layer, and determine the collection position of the soil middle layer organic matter concentration value;

[0021] include all adjacent collection positions in the same range interval, and the difference of the corresponding soil middle layer organic matter concentration values is not higher than the preset concentration difference, the range interval is the corn field subarea of the large-scale corn field;

[0022] The corn field subarea of the large-scale corn field contains no less than 1 collection position.

[0023] Optionally, based on the historical values of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field subarea, the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers is obtained, including:

[0024] obtain the historical data of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field subarea and preprocess it to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer;

[0025] based on the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer;

[0026] obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer.

[0027] Optionally, the obtaining and preprocessing of the historical data of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field subarea to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer comprises:

[0028] obtaining the corn variety planted in the corn field subarea and the corn growth cycle to obtain the organic matter consumption of the corn;

[0029] obtaining the fertilizer supplement time and the fertilizer supplement amount of the corn field subarea to obtain the exogenous organic matter increase amount;

[0030] combining the exogenous organic matter increase amount and the organic matter consumption of the corn with the historical data of the organic matter concentration of the surface layer of the soil to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of the surface layer of the soil;

[0031] obtaining the constituting curve of the historical data of the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil in the corn field subarea, and obtaining the numerical change similarity between the historical data curve of the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil and the historical data curve of the organic matter concentration of the surface layer of the soil;

[0032] obtaining the time period when the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil changes when the numerical change similarity is not less than a preset similarity;

[0033] removing the data fluctuation on the historical data curve of the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of the middle layer of the soil.

[0034] Optionally, the obtaining of the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the organic matter concentration change curve of each soil layer comprises:

[0035] the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers comprises the organic matter transfer rule between the bottom layer of the soil and the middle layer of the soil, and the organic matter transfer rule between the middle layer of the soil and the surface layer of the soil;

[0036] obtaining the actual organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer based on the preprocessed organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer;

[0037] obtaining the organic matter concentration change value generated by the corn stalk decomposition process of each soil layer, and obtaining the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer;

[0038] obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the actual organic matter concentration equation and the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer.

[0039] Optionally, the obtaining of the amount of returned straw of the corn field subarea based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers comprises:

[0040] obtaining measured organic matter concentration values of a soil bottom layer of a corn field partition, and adjusting the measured organic matter concentration values of the soil bottom layer to new soil middle layer organic matter concentrations;

[0041] obtaining measured organic matter concentration values of a soil surface layer of a corn field partition, and adjusting the measured organic matter concentration values of the soil surface layer to new soil bottom layer organic matter concentrations;

[0042] obtaining new soil middle layer organic matter supply concentrations under the new soil middle layer organic matter concentrations based on organic matter transfer rules between the soil layers;

[0043] obtaining soil bottom layer organic matter demand amounts of the corn field partition based on the new soil bottom layer organic matter concentrations and the new soil middle layer organic matter supply concentrations;

[0044] obtaining amounts of corn stalks returned to the field of the corn field partition based on the soil bottom layer organic matter demand amounts of the corn field partition and an organic matter output rate of a corn stalk decomposition process.

[0045] Optionally, the amounts of corn stalks returned to the field of the corn field partition are used to obtain amounts of a rotting agent to be put into the corn field partition, including:

[0046] obtaining corn stalk decomposition efficiencies of different rotting agents to determine a rotting agent type;

[0047] obtaining corn stalk decomposition speeds under the action of the rotting agent based on the rotting agent type;

[0048] obtaining the amounts of the rotting agent to be put into the corn field partition based on the corn stalk decomposition speeds and the amounts of the corn stalks returned to the field of the corn field partition.

[0049] Optionally, the amounts of the corn stalks returned to the field of the corn field partition and the amounts of the rotting agent to be put into the corn field partition are used to configure the corn stalks returned to the field and the rotting agent for all corn field partitions, and new soil bottom layers are set in the fall, including:

[0050] configuring the corn stalks returned to the field and the rotting agent for all corn field partitions based on the amounts of the corn stalks returned to the field of the corn field partition and the amounts of the rotting agent to be put into the corn field partition obtained for all corn field partitions;

[0051] uniformly spraying the rotting agent onto the corn stalks returned to the field to obtain treated corn stalks returned to the field;

[0052] mixing soil of a soil surface layer of a corn field partition and the treated corn stalks returned to the field to set a new soil bottom layer when the corn field is in the stage in the fall.

[0053] Optionally, the new soil bottom layer is based on the construction of a new soil middle layer and a new soil surface layer, comprising:

[0054] After the new soil bottom layer is obtained, the soil of the original soil bottom layer is arranged on the new soil bottom layer to form a new soil middle layer;

[0055] After the new soil middle layer is obtained, the soil of the original soil middle layer is arranged on the new soil middle layer to form a new soil surface layer.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present application include:

[0057] 1. The rationality of the setting of the straw input amount is improved. In the technical scheme of the present application, the decomposition time of corn straw is obtained, and the mutual influence of organic matter between soil layers after the straw is returned to the field is obtained. Based on these two parameters, the input amount of corn straw is adjusted to realize the rational adjustment of corn straw.

[0058] 2. The existing resources are fully utilized. In the technical scheme of the present application, the straw is filled in the autumn season, and the duration is from autumn to the next spring. The straw is decomposed again in the process of freezing and thawing in winter, which reduces the problems of incomplete decomposition of straw and generation of harmful gases under the conventional straw returning to the field measure. At the same time, the water, light and heat resources before soil freezing in the northeast region are utilized, and the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted by lime nitrogen to promote the decomposition of straw.

[0059] 3. The decomposition time of straw is prolonged. In the technical scheme of the present application, after the corn straw is returned to the field, the straw is first arranged in the bottom layer and decomposed in the environment of the bottom layer. After a crop of corn is planted and harvested, the position of the soil layer is adjusted, and the soil bottom layer is changed to the soil middle layer. At this time, the corn straw is further decomposed, and after another corn is planted and harvested, the soil middle layer is changed to the surface layer. In the northeast region, at this time, the decomposition time of corn straw is equivalent to 2 years, which sufficiently prolongs the decomposition time and allows the corn straw to provide more organic matter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, only some embodiments of the present application are described in the following description, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. The drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the specific embodiments below to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0061] Figure 1A corn straw efficient returning to field method flow chart provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 2 A corn field partitioning schematic diagram in a corn straw efficient returning to field method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 3 An organic matter change diagram of different soil layers in a corn straw efficient returning to field method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 4 A soil layering schematic diagram in a corn straw efficient returning to field method provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, “first”, “second” and the like are used to distinguish similar objects, not necessarily to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0066] In the current corn field straw returning to field operation, the methods used include straw crushing returning to field technology, straw deep burying returning to field technology and the like. These technologies often have difficulty in protecting the soil itself, resulting in loss of organic matter in the soil. At the same time, they have high requirements for the operation level, which increases the amount of manpower and material resources investment. In addition, it is difficult to ensure that the amount of corn straw put is reasonable, and the corn straw put has a long decomposition time, resulting in poor effect of corn straw returning to field operation. In order to solve the above problems, the present application discloses a corn straw efficient returning to field method, as shown in the figure, a corn straw efficient returning to field method flow chart disclosed by the embodiment of the present application, specifically: Figure 1

[0067] A corn straw efficient returning to field method, the method comprises:

[0068] S110, layering the soil of a large range of corn field along the vertical direction, and obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer.

[0069] S120, obtaining the soil middle layer organic matter concentration value in the large range of corn field, to obtain the corn field partitioning of the large range of corn field.

[0070] S130, obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the historical value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partitioning.

[0071] ​S140. Based on the organic matter transfer pattern between the soil layers, obtain the amount of straw returned to the field in each cornfield zone.

[0072] S150. Based on the amount of straw returned to the field in the cornfield zone, obtain the amount of composting agent to be applied in the cornfield zone.

[0073] S160. Based on the amount of straw returned to the field in the cornfield zone and the amount of decomposition agent applied in the cornfield zone, configure the straw returned to the field and the decomposition agent, and set up a new soil bottom layer in the autumn.

[0074] S170. Based on the new soil sublayer, construct a new soil middle layer and a new soil surface layer.

[0075] The purpose of all the above steps is to accurately determine the amount of corn stalks to be added when returning corn stalks to the field, and to place the stalks in the bottom layer of the soil and then in the middle layer after decomposition. Based on this method, the decomposition time of the corn stalks can be extended, thus improving the effect of returning corn stalks to the field.

[0076] The following will provide a detailed explanation of the specific steps outlined above:

[0077] As described in step S110, the purpose of this step is to determine the amount of corn straw to be returned to the field. The specific parameter for this determination is the concentration of organic matter in the soil layer of the cornfield. Based on this concentration parameter, subsequent soil depth parameters and the organic matter concentration in the soil layer can be determined, and this parameter can be used in the subsequent analysis of the amount of corn straw to be returned. Specifically:

[0078] S111. Obtain the soil environment of the planting area of ​​a large-scale cornfield and determine the thickness of the stratified soil.

[0079] The purpose of this step is to determine the soil thickness at which corn stalks can be returned to the field, based on a method that can be adjusted or the maximum tillage depth.

[0080] Among them, the so-called soil environment can be determined based on various information such as the location of the area or the corn variety planted. For example, if the location is close to an external water source, the soil moisture content in the area is usually higher, and the soil thickness is greater, and this can be defined.

[0081] Alternatively, the thickness of the stratified soil can be determined based on the maximum tillage depth of the soil over the years.

[0082] S112. Determine the soil surface depth based on the soil bulk density distribution of a large area of ​​cornfield.

[0083] The purpose of this step is to determine the layering of the soil, considering that the soil depth is usually different from the bulk density, the bulk density of the surface soil is the smallest, and the bulk density of the deep layer gradually increases, which provides a theoretical basis for obtaining soil layering, so that the soil surface depth can be determined according to the soil layering with the smallest bulk density.

[0084] Among them, considering the maximum depth limit of the current large horsepower tractor and hydraulic turnover plow during deep plowing, and the large volume of corn straw, the surface layer depth can be set larger in efficient straw returning, for example, the surface layer depth is set to 40 cm.

[0085] In some embodiments, the surface layer depth is also set according to the corn variety selection results of the next year and the root depth of the corn variety, but it is also necessary to ensure that the soil surface layer depth can support the input application of agricultural equipment.

[0086] S113, removing the soil surface layer depth from the thickness of the layerable soil to obtain a remaining soil layer thickness.

[0087] The purpose of this step is to adjust the relative position of the soil layer during straw returning in the technical solution of the present application, and from the overall point of view, the layers other than the surface layer need to be set.

[0088] Among them, after the soil surface layer depth is determined, the soil surface layer depth parameter is directly removed, and the remaining soil layer is the combined layer of the middle soil layer and the bottom soil layer.

[0089] Among them, for the remaining soil layer thickness, the thickness of the entire layerable soil needs to be obtained, and in this case, the remaining soil layer thickness can be directly obtained.

[0090] S114, dividing the remaining soil layer thickness equally, and the soil layer corresponding to the divided soil layer thickness is the middle soil layer and the bottom soil layer from top to bottom.

[0091] The purpose of this step is to obtain the middle soil layer and bottom soil layer parameters.

[0092] Among them, the obtained soil middle and bottom layer mixing area can be directly divided.

[0093] Among them, the obtained middle soil layer and bottom soil layer need to remove the soil surface layer depth parameter, and then directly divide.

[0094] S115, obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in all sampling areas in a large range of corn fields.

[0095] The purpose of this step is to determine the organic matter concentration in different soil layers in the corn field after straw returning or before the first straw returning operation. The detection of the organic matter concentration in these soil layers can be used to divide the corn field area based on the detection results and analyze the corn straw input.

[0096] For a large-scale corn field, random sampling is performed in the entire area, and the obtained sampling results are analyzed to obtain the detection results of the organic matter concentration in different soil layers.

[0097] In some embodiments, the average of the organic matter concentration of the three soil layers can also be used to determine.

[0098] In some embodiments, the determination is directly based on each unit in the large-scale corn field that has been set. For example, if there are a large number of edge areas in the large-scale corn field, all the corn field units in the large-scale corn field are obtained according to the arrangement area of the edge area.

[0099] For the detection of the organic matter concentration, if the detection is based on the arrangement area of the corn field edge line, only one sampling point is needed in the small area corn field area surrounded by each corn field edge line.

[0100] The beneficial effect of step S110 is that by determining the soil layering and obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer, the entire area can be identified and determined based on the analysis results, and the soil environment in the corn field can be better determined.

[0101] As described in step S120, the purpose of this step is to determine the corn field partition for a large-scale corn field, which has a very large area, meaning that the large-scale corn field often contains multiple small-area corn fields, or different corn varieties are planted in different areas. After this situation occurs, the distribution of the organic matter concentration in the soil layer of the corresponding area will change significantly, so it is necessary to determine the corn field partition of the corn field. Specifically:

[0102] S121, obtaining the soil middle layer organic matter concentration in the organic matter concentration of each soil layer, and determining the collection position of the soil middle layer organic matter concentration value.

[0103] The purpose of this step is to determine the collection position of the soil organic matter concentration value in the large-scale corn field based on the detection results of the organic matter concentration, and to determine the partition of the large-scale corn field according to the required results.

[0104] Among them, the obtained organic matter concentration value of each soil layer is only the soil middle layer organic matter concentration value.

[0105] The reason for determining only the concentration of organic matter in the middle layer of the soil is that in the technical solution of this application, when corn is planted the following year, the middle layer of the soil will be adjusted to the top layer of the soil. Therefore, based on the concentration of organic matter in the middle layer of the soil, the cornfield zoning of a large area of ​​cornfield can be determined.

[0106] For large-scale cornfields, which are usually operated in the form of farms, the boundaries of the cornfields are not fixed but can be adjusted. Therefore, in actual operation, the cornfield zones can be further determined based on the location of the soil organic matter concentration data.

[0107] S122. All adjacent sampling locations whose corresponding soil organic matter concentration difference is not higher than a preset concentration difference are included in the same range interval, which is a cornfield partition of a large cornfield.

[0108] The purpose of this step is to determine the zoning of cornfields during the large-scale straw return to the field.

[0109] Among them, such as Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the zoning of a cornfield using a method for efficient corn straw return to the field, as provided in this application embodiment. Based on the principle that adjacent sampling points have an organic matter concentration difference in the middle layer of the soil that is not higher than a preset concentration difference, all such sampling points are grouped into the same range, thus obtaining cornfield zoning. Specifically, the entire cornfield is divided into zoning areas C1 to C10 based on the detection results. Each cornfield zoning area contains multiple sampling points. Only when sampling points are adjacent and the organic matter concentration difference between them is not higher than a preset difference can these sampling points be grouped into the same cornfield zoning area. Furthermore, the cornfield zoning is based on the location of all sampling points. For example, in region C4, there are 6 sampling points, located above, to the left of, and on top of the label C4 in the main diagram. However, the organic matter concentration difference between the leftmost sampling point and two adjacent sampling points in region C3 exceeds the preset organic matter concentration difference; therefore, these two sampling points belong to different cornfield zoning areas.

[0110] The resulting cornfield zoning is often irregular in shape. To facilitate subsequent corn stalk return to the field, the edges of the zoning area can be supplemented to obtain a regular shape.

[0111] S123. The cornfield partition of the large-scale cornfield contains no less than one collection location.

[0112] The purpose of this step is to ensure the rationality of the delineation of cornfield zones during the determination of large-scale cornfield zones.

[0113] For the analysis of the cornfield obtained, it is necessary to ensure that it includes at least one sampling location.

[0114] If there is only one sampling location, the method required for dividing the cornfield into zones is to divide the area based on the existing boundary lines of a large cornfield. This divided area is then called the cornfield zone.

[0115] The beneficial effect of step S120 is that it can divide a large cornfield into multiple cornfield zones, thereby determining the amount of corn stalks to be input in each cornfield zone based on the cornfield zones, so as to improve the accuracy of the calculation of the amount of corn stalks to be input.

[0116] As described in step S130, the purpose of this step is to determine that within a cornfield area, the concentration of organic matter in different soil layers is transferred between them, leading to changes in the organic matter concentration across different soil layers. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the organic matter transfer pattern and, based on this pattern, determine subsequent organic matter concentration data. Specifically:

[0117] S131. Obtain historical data of organic matter concentration in each soil layer of the cornfield and preprocess it to obtain preprocessed organic matter concentration data for each soil layer.

[0118] The purpose of this step is to ensure that the obtained organic matter transfer law has high accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to preprocess the historical data recorded during the acquisition of relevant parameters before the results can be obtained.

[0119] For the organic matter concentration data of each soil layer in the cornfield zone, it is necessary to obtain the recorded historical data and then process the obtained historical data.

[0120] In this process, all available pre-processed organic matter concentration data need to be processed in a specialized way, in addition to removing interference.

[0121] S132. Based on the pre-treated organic matter concentration data of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer.

[0122] The purpose of this step is to obtain the organic matter concentration curve of the soil layer based on the results of all the pre-processed organic matter concentration data, and then obtain the organic matter transport law based on the curve.

[0123] The preprocessed organic matter concentration data can be directly represented as curve information according to the pattern of collection time.

[0124] In addition, for each soil layer's organic matter concentration curve, the corresponding soil layer information needs to be labeled.

[0125] S133. Based on the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter transfer law between soil layers.

[0126] The purpose of this step is to obtain data on the organic matter transfer patterns between soil layers after acquiring the organic matter concentration curve.

[0127] In this process, the organic matter concentration curve for each soil layer was obtained.

[0128] Based on the obtained organic matter concentration curves, the organic matter transfer patterns between adjacent soil layers are obtained, that is, the organic matter transfer patterns between the top and middle soil layers, and between the middle and bottom soil layers are obtained respectively.

[0129] In addition, considering that the overall technical concept of this application also involves the adjustment of the position between soil layers, in the specific process, the expected transmission pattern between the soil surface and bottom layer, and between the current soil middle layer and bottom layer in the current time period can also be considered, because in the following year, the current soil surface layer will become the bottom layer, the current soil bottom layer will become the soil middle layer, and the current soil middle layer will also become the soil surface layer.

[0130] The beneficial effect of step S130 is that by obtaining the organic matter transfer pattern between soil layers, the obtained results can be used to determine the precise amount of corn stalks to be applied in each cornfield zone, so as to avoid waste and insufficient total amount of corn stalks applied.

[0131] However, the key technical solutions in step S130 above are not described, therefore, specific explanations are needed for the key steps S131 and S133. The specific content of step S131 includes:

[0132] S1311. Obtain the corn varieties planted and the corn growth cycle in the cornfield section to obtain the amount of organic matter consumed by the corn.

[0133] The purpose of this step is to reduce the concentration of organic matter in the corn field area, which means that the organic matter content is reduced, and the cause of this phenomenon is obviously the consumption of corn growth, and different corn varieties and different growth cycles of corn have different consumption of organic matter, so corn variety information needs to be obtained to determine the consumption of organic matter.

[0134] Among them, the corn variety information in the corn field partition is obtained, and the consumption of organic matter of corn is obtained based on the obtained corn variety information.

[0135] Among them, the corresponding relationship between corn variety, corn growth cycle and organic matter consumption of corn can be established by following the test method, so that the organic matter consumption of the subsequent corn planting corn variety can be predicted.

[0136] Among them, the consumption of organic matter of corn variety in different growth cycles can also be determined directly according to the test results of corn variety.

[0137] S1312, the fertilization time and the amount of fertilizer of the corn field partition are obtained to obtain the exogenous organic matter growth.

[0138] The purpose of this step is that for large-scale corn fields, especially for large-scale corn fields operated in a farm mode, inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer will be added, inorganic fertilizer will often increase the consumption of organic matter by corn, and the addition of organic fertilizer will significantly increase the organic matter of corn field, that is, the addition of fertilizer will lead to the growth of organic matter, and this factor is not stable. Therefore, this information needs to be used as an interference quantity.

[0139] Among them, all the fertilization time and the type of fertilizer supplement in the management of the corn field partition are recorded.

[0140] Among them, the amount of fertilizer in the corn field between the fertilization time is obtained, so as to determine the exogenous organic matter growth according to the parameters of the amount of fertilizer.

[0141] Among them, the reduction of organic matter in the soil surface layer also needs to be considered for the exogenous organic matter growth, because the addition of inorganic fertilizer will lead to the reduction of organic matter content in the soil surface layer.

[0142] Among them, after the addition of organic fertilizer, the organic matter content of the soil surface layer will increase, so the increase of organic matter in the soil surface layer needs to be obtained.

[0143] Among them, the so-called exogenous organic matter growth refers to the change of organic matter in the soil surface layer after the addition of organic fertilizer and / or inorganic fertilizer after the fertilization operation.

[0144] S1313, combine the exogenous organic matter growth amount, the corn organic matter consumption amount value and the soil surface layer organic matter concentration historical data to obtain the pretreated soil surface layer organic matter concentration data.

[0145] The purpose of this step is to combine the obtained value with the soil surface layer organic matter concentration historical data after the exogenous organic matter growth amount of the soil surface layer is determined, and the obtained result is the pretreatment result of the soil surface layer.

[0146] Among them, for the obtained soil surface layer organic matter concentration historical data, the corresponding relationship between all the organic matter concentration data and time in all the obtained historical data is obtained.

[0147] Among them, according to the obtained time information, the topdressing information is also obtained synchronously according to the time information, and the exogenous organic matter growth amount information is also obtained.

[0148] Among them, according to the obtained time information, the corn organic matter consumption amount value is obtained according to the time information, so that the organic matter parameter after the corn is planted can be obtained according to the consumption amount value.

[0149] Among them, after obtaining the exogenous organic matter growth amount, the predicted value consumption amount value and the concentration historical data, the soil surface layer organic matter concentration data under the condition that the corn field subarea is not planted with corn can be obtained based on the three data, more specifically, the soil surface layer organic matter concentration historical data and the corn organic matter consumption amount data are added, and the exogenous organic matter growth amount is subtracted.

[0150] S1314, obtain the composition curve of the organic matter concentration historical data of the middle layer of soil in the corn field subarea, and obtain the similarity of the numerical value change in the organic matter concentration historical data curve of the middle layer of soil and the soil surface layer.

[0151] The purpose of this step is that after the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer changes or fluctuates, the change of the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer may not completely affect the middle layer of soil, that is, not all the organic matter concentration change parameters of the soil surface layer, but once the predicted value concentration historical data of the two soil layers are similar, it means that the current organic matter of the two soil layers has mutual penetration effect.

[0152] Among them, the organic matter concentration historical data curve of the middle layer of soil and the soil surface layer is directly obtained.

[0153] It is worth noting that, for the similarity judgment process, the data used for comparison and judgment is not the pre-processed data, but all the historical data of organic matter concentration that has been obtained, because only when the historical data curves are similar, it can be considered that there is mutual transfer effect of organic matter between the two soil layers in this time period.

[0154] Among them, for the numerical change similarity, firstly, the constituting curve of the historical data of the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer and the soil middle layer is obtained, and then according to the constituting curve, it is determined whether the curve of the soil middle layer fluctuates in a subsequent period of time when the curve of the soil surface layer fluctuates. The subsequent period of time can be set by the technician, and when it is found that the curve of the soil middle layer also fluctuates, it is considered that the numerical change similarity is high.

[0155] Among them, when the curve of the soil middle layer fluctuates in the subsequent period of time, it is also necessary to determine the fluctuation amplitude. Only when the fluctuation amplitude is not lower than the preset fluctuation amplitude, it can be considered that the data fluctuation on the curve of the soil middle layer can be applied to the judgment process of the numerical change similarity.

[0156] In some embodiments, the data change rate of the soil middle layer and the surface layer at the time point of data fluctuation in the corresponding time period in the constituting curve of the historical data of the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer and the middle layer can be directly judged. When the change rate is similar, it is considered that the numerical change similarity is high.

[0157] S1315, obtaining the time period in which the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer changes when the numerical change similarity is not lower than the preset similarity.

[0158] The purpose of this step is to find that the numerical change similarity is not lower than the preset similarity, and it is considered that the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer is affected by the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer. However, during the process of corn straw returning and corn cultivation, it is not necessary to fertilize yet, so it is necessary to determine the time period in which the organic matter concentration changes based on the data caused by the change of the organic matter concentration of the soil surface layer.

[0159] Among them, for the determination of the preset similarity, it can be set by the technician, or it can be determined based on the mean value of the historical change similarity. Specifically, the obtained mean value is the preset similarity.

[0160] Among them, when the time change similarity is not lower than the preset similarity, it is considered that the change of the organic matter concentration value in the corresponding time period is caused by the exogenous organic matter growth of the soil surface layer.

[0161] Wherein, for the outer edge of the organic matter growth amount for the soil layer, the change is caused by the excessive input of the outer edge of the organic matter, not the spontaneous organic matter transfer between the soil layers, so the change of the soil layer caused by the soil surface layer of the outer edge of the organic matter growth amount needs to be removed.

[0162] S1316, remove the data fluctuation on the soil layer of the organic matter concentration history data curve to obtain the pretreated organic matter concentration data of the soil layer.

[0163] The purpose of this step is to remove the data fluctuation on the soil layer of the organic matter concentration history data curve to obtain the pretreated organic matter concentration data of the soil layer.

[0164] Wherein, for the soil layer of the organic matter concentration history data curve, the data fluctuation is removed.

[0165] Wherein, after removing the data fluctuation on the soil layer of the organic matter concentration history data curve, the result is the pretreated organic matter concentration data of the soil layer.

[0166] Wherein, for the data processing process of the soil surface layer, in addition to being able to remove the outer edge of the organic matter growth amount, it also needs to be combined with the organic matter consumption of corn, and the organic matter consumption of corn is removed from the organic matter concentration of each measurement node of the soil surface layer.

[0167] Wherein, it is also determined that the further decomposition state of the corn straw in the soil layer after decomposition in the bottom layer area, to determine the change state of the organic matter concentration.

[0168] Wherein, for different soil layers, especially after the corn straw is returned to the field, the organic matter content of different soil layers is different, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the fluctuation of the surface layer is more significant, and the change of the surface layer is the most obvious, and the sudden increase area is the change caused by the increase of fertilizer, and for the soil layer, the fluctuation is relatively insignificant, but it will appear, which often means that the fertilizer is infiltrated into the soil layer, and the bottom layer of the soil almost does not fluctuate, which means that the decomposition process is relatively stable.

[0169] Wherein, for the different soil layers between the organic matter transfer state, the soil bottom layer of organic matter concentration data is not affected by the soil surface layer of exogenous organic matter growth, so in the specific processing, it is not necessary to analyze the correlation between the soil bottom layer data fluctuation and the soil surface layer data fluctuation.

[0170] For step S133, the purpose is to directly obtain the organic matter transfer law between soil layers, specifically:

[0171] S1331, the organic matter transfer law between soil layers, including soil bottom layer and soil middle layer organic matter transfer law, soil middle layer and soil surface layer organic matter transfer law.

[0172] The purpose of this step is to determine the organic matter transfer law between soil layers, which is to determine the organic matter transfer law between soil bottom layer and soil middle layer, soil middle layer and soil surface layer, so as to determine the specific analysis object.

[0173] Wherein, for the determination of the organic matter transfer law between soil bottom layer and middle layer, the preprocessed data between the two soil layers is needed to be used, and the curve corresponding relationship of the two is established to determine the mutual transfer data of the organic matter between the two.

[0174] Wherein, for the determination of the organic matter transfer law between soil middle layer and surface layer, the preprocessed data between the two soil layers is needed to be used, and the curve corresponding relationship of the two is established to determine the mutual transfer data of the organic matter between the two.

[0175] S1332, based on the preprocessed organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer, the actual organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer is obtained.

[0176] The purpose of this step is to analyze the organic matter concentration curve in the process of analyzing the organic matter transfer form between soil layers, and then the specific organic matter concentration change form can be determined based on the organic matter concentration curve.

[0177] Wherein, for the determination process of the organic matter concentration equation, the obtained results need to be fitted according to the preprocessed organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer.

[0178] Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 For the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer, the corresponding fitting equation needs to be established for all the information in it.

[0179] For the surface layer, the curve shows a periodic fluctuation, but the exogenous organic matter growth needs to be removed to obtain the actual value.

[0180] For the surface layer, the organic matter has two destinations, one is consumed by the growth of corn, and the other is penetrated into the middle layer of soil.

[0181] For the middle layer of soil, the data fluctuation in the curve has been removed, so the fitting curve can be obtained directly based on the preprocessed curve.

[0182] For the fitting curve, the fitting curves for different soil layers are analyzed. For the surface layer, the fitting equation is:

[0183] ;

[0184] where, C st represents the organic matter concentration of the surface layer of soil at time t without additional fertilization; C s1 represents the initial organic matter concentration of the surface layer of soil at the initial time without additional fertilization; f t represents the organic matter consumption rate during different time periods when corn is planted, which is related to the corn variety and can be obtained based on long-term planting data or laboratory or field experiments; t0 and t1 represent different time periods during the growth of corn; V represents the volume of the surface layer of soil in the corn field. In addition, when corn is not planted, it is obvious that f t is 0.

[0185] For the middle layer of soil, the fitting equation is:

[0186] ;

[0187] where, C mt represents the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of soil at time t ; C m0 represents the initial organic matter concentration of the middle layer of soil; C m1 represents the final organic matter concentration of the middle layer of soil; a ​​1 and a 2 is a parameter of the equation representing the change of the organic matter concentration in the middle layer of the soil. Further, for the interval of t the entire time period is from January to mid-December, and 4.5 represents mid-April and 12.5 represents mid-December.

[0188] For the bottom layer of the soil, the fitting equation is:

[0189] ;

[0190] wherein, C bt represents the organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil at time t ; A 1 and A 2 is a parameter of the equation representing the organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil; C b0 represents the initial time organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil.

[0191] wherein, for the fitting equation of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer, the data is obtained based on the measured data, except that for the surface layer of the soil, the change of the organic matter concentration caused by the topdressing or the fertilizer application is removed, and the equation is constructed directly based on the growth cycle of the corn, and for the middle layer and the bottom layer of the soil, the equation is established directly based on the measured data.

[0192] S1333, obtaining the change value of the organic matter concentration generated by the corn stalk decomposition process of each soil layer, and obtaining the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer.

[0193] The purpose of this step is that, for the process of obtaining the organic matter transfer law between the soil layers, it is difficult to obtain directly based on the difference of the organic matter concentrations between different soil layers, and therefore other methods are used for processing.

[0194] wherein, for the organic matter transfer law between each soil layer, from the final effect caused thereby, it is the deviation amount generated between the measured data and the theoretical data of the organic matter concentrations of different soil layers.

[0195] wherein, for the case that the actual organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer has been determined, it is further required to obtain the theoretical organic matter concentration equation.

[0196] wherein, for the theoretical organic matter concentration equation, it is required to obtain the change value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn stalk decomposition process, so as to determine the theoretical organic matter concentration of each soil layer based on the value.

[0197] Wherein, after the theoretical organic matter concentration of each soil layer is determined, a fitting equation needs to be obtained based on the obtained numerical value, which is the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer.

[0198] Wherein, considering the particularity of the soil surface layer, the organic matter is used for the growth of corn, and more importantly, it is transmitted to the middle layer of the soil, wherein the organic matter is provided without involving the corn straw decomposition process, and the main source of the organic matter is the topdressing, so the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of the soil surface layer does not need to be considered.

[0199] Wherein, the middle layer of the soil and the bottom layer of the soil obviously need to obtain the theoretical organic matter concentration equation, and the specific obtaining process can be obtained based on laboratory simulation and experimental field simulation.

[0200] S1334、Based on the actual organic matter concentration equation and the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer, the organic matter transmission rule between the soil layers is obtained.

[0201] The purpose of this step is to obtain the organic matter transmission rule based on the equation after obtaining the theoretical and actual concentration equations of the organic matter of each soil layer.

[0202] Wherein, for the organic matter transmission relationship between the middle layer of the soil and the bottom layer of the soil, the deviation value between the theoretical and actual organic matter concentration equations of the bottom layer of the soil can be considered as the organic matter transmitted downward by the middle layer of the soil, so the difference between the theoretical and actual organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil can be directly obtained, that is, the organic matter transmission rule between the middle layer of the soil and the bottom layer of the soil. The organic matter transmission equation is:

[0203] ;

[0204] Wherein, ΔC bt indicates the organic matter transmission result between the middle layer of the soil and the bottom layer of the soil; C bt indicates the fitting equation of the organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil, that is, the actual organic matter concentration equation of the bottom layer of the soil; C bt indicates the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of the bottom layer of the soil, which can be obtained based on the experimental data of the laboratory or the experimental field and fitted, which is not limited here.

[0205] Wherein, for the transfer law of organic matter between the soil surface layer and the soil middle layer, considering that the organic matter will be affected by gravity, for the change of the organic matter concentration, two cases can occur, one is rising, which means that the total amount of organic matter provided by the soil surface layer to the soil middle layer is higher than the total amount of organic matter transferred from the middle layer to the bottom layer, and the other is falling, which means that the total amount of organic matter transferred from the middle layer to the bottom layer is higher than the total amount of organic matter transferred from the surface layer to the middle layer. However, which case is it, and the deviation of the theoretical and actual organic matter concentration equation is derived from the transfer of the surface layer to it and the transfer of it to the bottom layer, so in order to obtain the transfer law of organic matter between the soil surface layer and the soil middle layer, the following equation can be used to determine:

[0206] ;

[0207] Wherein, ΔC mt represents the transfer result of organic matter from the soil surface layer to the soil middle layer, C mt represents the fitting equation of the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer, that is, the actual organic matter concentration equation of the soil middle layer; C mt represents the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of the soil middle layer.

[0208] As described in step S140, the purpose of this step is to determine the amount of straw returned to the field after obtaining the transfer law of organic matter, so as to ensure that the amount of straw put in meets the needs of corn growth and soil improvement, and also avoids the waste of resources caused by too much straw returned to the field. Specifically:

[0209] S141, after the corn is harvested, the measured organic matter concentration value of the soil bottom layer of the corn field partition is obtained, and the measured organic matter concentration value of the soil bottom layer is adjusted to the new soil middle layer organic matter concentration.

[0210] The purpose of this step is that in the technical solution of the present application, the relative position of the soil layer is changed in each period, that is, in the next straw returning period, the soil surface layer is changed to the soil bottom layer, and the straw is buried in the soil bottom layer, and the current soil bottom layer is changed to the soil middle layer in the next stage. In order to better determine the amount of straw returned to the field, it is necessary to determine the organic matter concentration of the current soil bottom layer.

[0211] Wherein, after the corn is harvested, the organic matter concentration of the current soil bottom layer is directly measured, and the value is directly set as the new soil middle layer organic matter concentration.

[0212] Wherein, the meaning of the new soil middle layer organic matter concentration is the soil middle layer in the next straw returning stage.

[0213] S142, obtaining the measured organic matter concentration value of the soil surface layer of the corn field partition, and adjusting the measured organic matter concentration value of the soil surface layer to the new soil bottom layer organic matter concentration.

[0214] The purpose of this step is that after the corn is harvested, it is obviously necessary to adjust the soil layer position, and the soil surface layer will become the new soil bottom layer. Therefore, in the specific processing, the organic matter concentration value of the soil surface layer needs to be measured and used for subsequent deviation calculation.

[0215] Among them, the organic matter concentration value of the soil surface layer is directly measured after the corn is harvested, and the measured organic matter concentration value is obtained.

[0216] Among them, the measured organic matter concentration value of the soil surface layer is directly determined as the new soil bottom layer organic matter concentration.

[0217] S143, based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers, obtaining the new soil middle layer organic matter supply concentration under the action of the new soil middle layer organic matter concentration.

[0218] The purpose of this step is that according to the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers, the soil middle layer organic matter supply concentration existing between the new soil layers can be obtained.

[0219] Among them, the concept of new soil middle layer organic matter attack concentration is that in the new corn straw returning period, the change amount of the soil bottom layer organic matter concentration caused by the process of the soil middle layer transferring organic matter to the soil bottom layer.

[0220] S144, based on the new soil bottom layer organic matter concentration and the new soil middle layer organic matter supply concentration, obtaining the soil bottom layer organic matter demand of the corn field partition.

[0221] The purpose of this step is that in corn cultivation, the corn root system only gathers in the soil surface layer area, so in the specific processing, the amount of corn straw needs to be determined according to the organic matter demand of the soil surface layer.

[0222] Among them, according to the corn planting plan in the future time or the corn growth requirement, the organic matter concentration demand of the soil surface layer is determined.

[0223] Among them, for the northeast region, the corn is one-year one-crop state, so after the organic matter concentration demand of the soil surface layer in the future second year is determined, the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer in the future first year is theoretically obtained, which is based on the organic matter transfer rule.

[0224] Wherein, after the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil in the first year is obtained, the organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil in the time period needs to be analyzed, and the process further determines the organic matter concentration of the middle layer of the soil transferred to the bottom layer in the future time based on the organic matter transfer rule.

[0225] Wherein, after all the transferred organic matter concentrations are obtained, the organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil in the future time period can be obtained. Considering that the parameter is obtained based on the demand amount of the organic matter concentration of the surface layer of the soil, the obtained organic matter concentration of the bottom layer of the soil is the demand amount of the bottom layer of the soil in the corn field partition.

[0226] S145, based on the demand amount of the bottom layer of the soil in the corn field partition and the organic matter yield rate of the corn stalk decomposition process, the amount of corn stalks returned to the field in the corn field partition is obtained.

[0227] The purpose of this step is to obtain the amount of corn stalks returned to the field in the corn field partition after obtaining the demand amount of the bottom layer of the soil.

[0228] Wherein, the difference between the demand amount of the bottom layer of the soil and the current organic matter concentration of the surface layer of the soil can be obtained, and the difference is the organic matter concentration that can be provided after the corn stalks are decomposed.

[0229] Wherein, the organic matter yield rate of the corn stalk decomposition process is obtained, and the ratio of the organic matter concentration that can be provided and the organic matter yield rate is obtained. The obtained result is the amount of corn stalks returned to the field in the corn field partition.

[0230] The beneficial effect of step S140 is that the amount of corn stalks returned to the field in different corn field partitions is obtained by obtaining the demand amount and the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers, so as to ensure the rationality of the calculation of the input amount, and the problem that the input amount of the stalks is insufficient to support the purpose of improving the soil and / or increasing the yield can be completely avoided.

[0231] As described in step S150, the purpose of this step is to ensure the decomposition rate of the corn stalks in the cold climate of the northeast region, and to avoid the problem of excessive soil toxins or insufficient decomposition rate caused by excessive or insufficient input amount of the decomposition accelerator. The input amount is reasonably set. Specifically:

[0232] S151, obtaining the decomposition efficiency of different decomposition accelerators returned to the field to determine the type of decomposition accelerator.

[0233] S152, based on the type of decomposition accelerator, the decomposition rate of corn stalks under the action of the decomposition accelerator is obtained.

[0234] S153, based on the decomposition rate of the corn stalks and the amount of corn stalks returned to the field in the corn field partition, the amount of decomposition accelerator put into the corn field partition is obtained.

[0235] Wherein, for step S151, the performance parameters of the available corrodent can be determined and selected. The stability of the corrodent, the toxicity of the decomposition products, the possible inhibition to the growth of corn, and the like are considered in the selection process.

[0236] For step S152, after the type and brand of the corrodent are selected, the rate of decomposition of the corrodent needs to be obtained. In the specific process, the rate of decomposition can be determined based on laboratory simulation, field simulation, and the like.

[0237] For step S153, the corrodent needs to be uniformly sprayed on the corn stalks. Therefore, in the process of determining the amount of corrodent to be put, the amount of corrodent to be put is obtained based on the amount of stalks to be returned to the field.

[0238] As described in step S160, the purpose of this step is to return the stalks to the field after the amount of stalks to be put and the amount of corrodent to be put are determined. Specifically:

[0239] S161, based on the amount of stalks to be returned to the field and the amount of corrodent to be put in each corn field partition obtained by partitioning all corn fields, the stalks to be returned to the field and the corrodent are configured for all corn field partitions.

[0240] S162, the corrodent is uniformly sprayed on the stalks to be returned to the field to obtain treated stalks to be returned to the field.

[0241] S163, when the corn field is in the stage, the soil on the surface of the soil in the corn field partition is mixed with the treated stalks to be returned to the field, and is set as a new soil bottom layer.

[0242] Wherein, after the amount of corn stalks to be put and the amount of corrodent to be put are determined, the corrodent is uniformly sprayed on the corn stalks to achieve pretreatment of the corn stalks.

[0243] Wherein, the corn stalks after pretreatment are uniformly mixed with the soil on the surface of the current soil, and are buried in the soil bottom layer area after mixing.

[0244] Wherein, during the corn returning process, the mixed treated stalks to be returned to the field are buried in the soil bottom layer area when the corn field is in the stage, thereby forming a new soil bottom layer.

[0245] As described in step S170, the purpose of this step is to adjust the other soil layers accordingly. Specifically:

[0246] S171, after the new soil bottom layer is obtained, the soil of the original soil bottom layer is set on the new soil bottom layer to form a new soil middle layer.

[0247] S172, after the new soil sublayer is obtained, the soil of the original soil sublayer is arranged on the new soil sublayer to form a new soil surface layer.

[0248] In the embodiment of the present application, the soil is divided into three layers, i.e., a soil surface layer, a soil sublayer and a soil bottom layer. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the outer contour line is a vertical section of the soil, and the dashed arrow part represents the position transfer direction between the soil layers. Taking the northeast region as an example, the corn planting time is mostly in early April every year, and plowing is needed before planting. At this time, the soil surface layer is plowed and treated, and in October, the corn is harvested, and the soil surface layer is transferred to the position of the soil bottom layer, thereby changing it into the soil bottom layer. The original soil bottom layer is exchanged to the position of the soil sublayer, and the original soil bottom layer becomes the new soil sublayer, and the original soil sublayer is transferred to the position of the soil surface layer and becomes the new soil surface layer. Based on this method, the corn straw decomposition time can be prolonged to improve the decomposition degree.

[0249] In the embodiment of the present application, the soil is divided into three layers, i.e., a soil surface layer, a soil sublayer and a soil bottom layer.

[0250] It should be noted that the analysis of all the above steps is based on organic matter, but in fact, other soil nutrients can also be used to determine the technical scheme for all types of nutrients.

[0251] Through years of technical verification, it is found that the technical mode can increase the yield by 10.8% on average compared with the traditional mode, the nitrogen utilization rate is increased by 8.5%, and the average income per hectare is increased by 1315 yuan. After 3 years of technical implementation, the plough layer thickness is increased to 35 cm, the soil bulk density of 0-40 cm soil layer is reduced by 8.8%, the proportion of large aggregates is increased by 10.4 percentage points, and the organic matter content is increased by 14.8%.

[0252] The beneficial effects of the present application include:

[0253] 1. The rationality of the setting of the straw input amount is improved. In the technical scheme of the present application, the decomposition time of the corn straw and the mutual influence of the organic matter between the soil layers after the straw is returned to the field are obtained, and the input amount of the corn straw is adjusted based on the two parameters, so that the corn straw is reasonably adjusted.

[0254] 2. Existing resources are fully utilized. In the technical solution of this application, straw is buried in the autumn and lasts from autumn to the following spring. The straw decomposes again during the freeze-thaw cycle in winter, which reduces the problems of straw floating and harmful gas generation that exist under conventional straw return measures. At the same time, it utilizes the water, light and heat resources of the soil in Northeast China before freezing, and uses lime nitrogen to adjust the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio to promote straw decomposition.

[0255] 3. Extended decomposition time of straw. In the technical solution of this application, after the corn straw is returned to the field, it is first placed at the bottom layer and decomposes in the lowest environment. After one crop of corn is planted and harvested, the soil layer is adjusted, changing the bottom layer to the middle layer. At this time, the corn straw decomposes further. After another corn planting and harvest, the middle layer is transformed into the top layer. In Northeast China, this is equivalent to a decomposition time of 2 years for the corn straw, which significantly extends the decomposition time and allows the corn straw to provide more organic matter.

[0256] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to computer program instructions. The aforementioned computer program can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium, and when executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. Alternatively, if the integrated unit of the present invention is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a non-volatile storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium and includes several instructions to cause an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, server, network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0257] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficient corn stalks field returning, characterized in that, The method comprises: stratifying the soil of the large-scale corn field in a vertical direction and obtaining the organic matter concentration of each soil layer; obtaining the organic matter concentration value of the middle soil layer in the large-scale corn field to obtain the corn field partition of the large-scale corn field; obtaining the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers based on the historical value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition; obtaining the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers, comprising: after the corn is harvested, obtaining the measured organic matter concentration value of the bottom soil layer of the corn field partition, and adjusting the measured organic matter concentration value of the bottom soil layer to a new middle soil layer organic matter concentration; obtaining the measured organic matter concentration value of the surface soil layer of the corn field partition, and adjusting the measured organic matter concentration value of the surface soil layer to a new bottom soil layer organic matter concentration; obtaining the new middle soil layer organic matter concentration under the action of the new middle soil layer organic matter concentration based on the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers; obtaining the organic matter demand of the bottom soil layer of the corn field partition based on the new bottom soil layer organic matter concentration and the new middle soil layer organic matter supply concentration; obtaining the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition based on the organic matter demand of the bottom soil layer of the corn field partition and the organic matter output rate of the corn straw decomposition process; obtaining the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition based on the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition, comprising: obtaining the returned straw decomposition efficiency of different decomposing agents to determine the type of decomposing agent; obtaining the corn straw decomposition speed under the action of the decomposing agent based on the type of decomposing agent; obtaining the amount of decomposing agent of the corn field partition based on the corn straw decomposition speed and the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition; based on the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition and the amount of decomposing agent of the corn field partition, the returned straw and the decomposing agent are configured, and a new bottom soil layer is set in the autumn, comprising: based on the amount of returned straw of the corn field partition and the amount of decomposing agent of the corn field partition obtained for all corn field partitions, the returned straw and the decomposing agent are configured for all corn field partitions; the decomposing agent is uniformly sprayed on the returned straw to obtain treated returned straw; when the corn field is in the stage in the autumn, the soil of the surface soil layer of the corn field partition is mixed with the treated returned straw, and a new bottom soil layer is set; based on the new bottom soil layer, a new middle soil layer and a new surface soil layer are constructed, comprising: after the new bottom soil layer is obtained, the soil of the original bottom soil layer is all set on the new bottom soil layer to form a new middle soil layer; after the new middle soil layer is obtained, the soil of the original middle soil layer is all set on the new middle soil layer to form a new surface soil layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The stratification of the soil of the large-scale corn field in a vertical direction and the obtaining of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer comprise: obtaining the soil environment of the planting area of the large-scale corn field and determining the thickness of the stratified soil; determining the surface soil layer depth based on the soil bulk density distribution of the large-scale corn field; remove the surface soil layer depth from the thickness of the stratified soil to obtain the remaining soil layer thickness; The remaining soil layer thickness is evenly divided, and the soil layers corresponding to the divided soil layer thicknesses are from top to bottom soil middle layer and soil bottom layer; Obtain the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in all sampling areas in the large-scale corn field.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The soil middle layer organic matter concentration value in the large-scale corn field is obtained to obtain the corn field partition of the large-scale corn field, comprising: Obtain the soil middle layer organic matter concentration in the organic matter concentration of each soil layer, and determine the collection position of the soil middle layer organic matter concentration value; All adjacent and corresponding soil middle layer organic matter concentration values with a difference value not higher than a preset concentration difference value are included in the same range interval, and the range interval is the corn field partition of the large-scale corn field. The corn field partition of the large-scale corn field contains no less than 1 collection position.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the historical value of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition, the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers is obtained, comprising: Obtain the historical data of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition and preprocess to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer; Based on the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer; Based on the organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The historical data of the organic matter concentration of each soil layer in the corn field partition is obtained and preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of each soil layer, comprising: Obtain the corn variety and corn growth cycle planted in the corn field partition to obtain the organic matter consumption of corn; Obtain the fertilization time and amount of the corn field partition to obtain the exogenous organic matter increase; Combine the exogenous organic matter increase, the organic matter consumption value of corn, and the historical data of the surface layer organic matter concentration of soil to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of the surface layer of soil; Obtain the composition curve of the historical data of the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer in the corn field partition, and obtain the value change similarity between the historical data curves of the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer and the surface layer of soil; When the value change similarity is not less than a preset similarity, obtain the time period when the organic matter concentration value of the soil middle layer changes; Remove the data fluctuation on the historical data curve of the organic matter concentration of the soil middle layer to obtain the preprocessed organic matter concentration data of the soil middle layer.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers includes the organic matter transfer rule between the soil bottom layer and the soil middle layer, and the organic matter transfer rule between the soil middle layer and the surface layer of soil; Based on the preprocessed organic matter concentration curve of each soil layer, obtain the actual organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer; Obtain the organic matter concentration change value generated by the corn straw decomposition process of each soil layer, and obtain the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer; Based on the actual organic matter concentration equation and the theoretical organic matter concentration equation of each soil layer, obtain the organic matter transfer rule between the soil layers. ​

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