Minimally invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to a minimally invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool which comprises a fixing ring, a driving assembly and a channel assembly, the fixing ring is of an annular structure with the L-shaped section, an annular groove is formed in the outer side face of the fixing ring, the driving assembly is fixedly installed at the upper end of the annular groove and can rotate, and the channel assembly is arranged in the annular groove. A channel assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the annular groove and is of a conical structure, the upper end of the channel assembly is connected with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly can drive the lower end of the channel assembly to gradually expand so as to change the diameter. Controllable radial expansion of the channel assembly is achieved through a threaded sliding block linkage mechanism, the expansion process is stable and progressive through precise matching of planar external threads and sliding blocks, secondary tissue damage caused by traditional stepped expansion is avoided, meanwhile, the expansion angle can be precisely adjusted and controlled, and the accidental injury risk of nerve and blood vessels is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to a micro-invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In neurosurgery, micro-invasive technology has become an important method for treating deep brain lesions (such as tumors, hematomas, vascular malformations, etc.) due to its small trauma and fast recovery. Traditional surgical channels are usually expanded by step-by-step expansion sleeves or rigid spreaders, which require multiple changes of instruments with different diameters to establish sufficient surgical space. This operation not only increases the operation time, but also causes mechanical damage to brain tissue due to repeated insertion and removal, which may cause inflammation or edema risk. In addition, some instruments use straight insertion expansion, which can easily cause laceration of surrounding fragile nerves and blood vessels, especially when operating in the deep brain.

[0003] In the prior art, the publication number CN215129296U provides a double-drive micro-invasive expansion channel. By rotating the screw rod, the screw rod and the limiting screw rotate circumferentially, and the sliding nut can only move along the axial direction of the sliding nut under the limitation of the slot and the convex strip, so as to make the slot drive the convex strip, the rotating block rotates circumferentially, and the half pipe is driven to rotate synchronously under the cooperation of the insertion block and the special-shaped clamping hole, so as to realize the adjustment of the expansion angle. Unilateral twice expansion, easy to expand and large supporting force after expansion, can meet the demand of different angle expansion of two half pipes.

[0004] The prior art in the above patent has the following defects when in use: first, the independent expansion of the double half pipes in the above prior art may cause uneven stress distribution, especially in soft environments such as brain tissue, which may cause local compression; the rotating screw rod needs to be operated multiple times, which has the risk of accidental retraction; second, the above prior art lacks intraoperative flushing / suction function, which may easily cause limited vision, requires external equipment, and causes instrument collision and limited operation space.

[0005] The present application provides a surgical tool with channel expansion and intelligent drainage function to provide a safer and more efficient solution for deep brain micro-invasive surgery. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, the present application provides a micro-invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool.

[0007] The micro-invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: The utility model provides a kind of minimally invasive surgical channel expansion and drainage tool, including: fixed ring, drive assembly and channel component, the fixed ring is the circular ring structure of L type section, fixed ring outer side is provided with annular groove, annular groove upper end is fixedly installed with drive assembly, drive assembly can rotate, annular groove lower end is fixedly installed with channel component, channel component is conical structure, channel component upper end is connected with drive assembly, the drive assembly can drive channel component lower end gradually expand to change diameter.

[0008] Further, the drive assembly includes a rotating ring, a first annular plate, a second annular plate, and a sliding block. The rotating ring is a circular ring structure, and arc protrusions are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring. The rotating ring is installed on the outer side of the fixed ring through a bearing. A first annular plate is installed on the middle part of the outer side of the rotating ring. A flat external thread is formed on the lower end surface of the first annular plate. A second annular plate is fixedly installed on the middle part of the outer side of the fixed ring. Slotted grooves are uniformly formed on the second annular plate. A sliding block is slidably arranged in the slotted grooves. Threaded protrusions are formed on the upper end surface of the sliding block to cooperate with the flat external thread. The lower end of the sliding block is connected with the channel component.

[0009] Further, the channel component includes an annular frame, a liquid spraying branch, an adsorption branch, a connecting seat, and a sealing pad. The lower end of the outer side of the fixed ring is fixedly installed with an annular frame. Installation grooves are uniformly formed on the inner side of the annular frame. A liquid spraying branch and an adsorption branch are installed in the installation grooves through a pin shaft. The liquid spraying branch and the adsorption branch are arranged at intervals. Connecting seats are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the liquid spraying branch and the adsorption branch. Open guide grooves are formed on the upper ends of the connecting seats. Limiting pin shafts are installed on the sliding block to cooperate with the open guide grooves. Sealing pads are installed between the gaps between adjacent liquid spraying branches and adsorption branches and the annular frame.

[0010] Further, the annular frame is internally provided with a liquid inlet groove and a collection groove, both of which are circular ring structures. Connecting hoses are uniformly installed on the lower end of the annular frame. The rear side of the liquid spraying branch is connected with the inside of the liquid inlet groove through the connecting hose. The rear side of the adsorption branch is connected with the inside of the collection groove through the connecting hose.

[0011] Further, the lower end of the annular frame is also provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is connected with the inside of the liquid inlet groove. The upper end of the liquid outlet pipe penetrates the liquid inlet groove and is connected with the inside of the collection groove.

[0012] Further, the liquid spraying branch is an arc-shaped metal material, and the inside of the liquid spraying branch is a hollow structure. Spray holes are uniformly formed on the inner side of the liquid spraying branch.

[0013] Further, a conical sleeve is fixedly installed on the spray hole, and the conical sleeve is made of flexible rubber material.

[0014] Further, the adsorption support rod is an arc-shaped metal material, the adsorption support rod is a hollow structure, and adsorption holes are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the adsorption support rod.

[0015] Further, the adsorption hole is a downward inclined structure, and the adsorption hole is filled with a filter sponge.

[0016] Further, a fixed seat is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the fixed ring, a connecting frame is arranged on the fixed seat through screws, and a mounting horizontal groove is arranged on the connecting frame.

[0017] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a minimally invasive surgical channel expansion and drainage tool, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present application, the threaded slider linkage mechanism is used to realize the controllable radial expansion of the channel assembly. The precise cooperation of the planar external thread and the slider makes the expansion process smooth and gradual, avoiding the secondary damage to the tissue caused by the traditional step-by-step expansion. At the same time, the expansion angle can be accurately controlled, reducing the risk of accidental damage to nerves and blood vessels.

[0018] 2. In the present application, the friction angle principle is used to automatically resist the tissue rebound force through the self-locking design of the planar thread. The stable form can be maintained at any expansion position without the need for additional locking devices. Moreover, the evenly distributed design of multiple sliders ensures that the expansion force is evenly distributed, avoiding the deformation of the channel or the compression of the tissue caused by unilateral stress concentration.

[0019] 3. In the present application, the multi-rod interval spray and suction structure is innovatively integrated. The spray rods and the adsorption rods are arranged in an alternating circular pattern. The spray rods form a three-dimensional flushing network through multiple spray holes, realizing omnidirectional flushing without dead angles. The adsorption rods cooperate with the filter sponge through inclined adsorption holes, achieving high waste liquid removal efficiency. The closed fluid channel is formed by the ring-shaped liquid inlet groove and the collection groove built-in the ring-shaped frame, completely avoiding the interference of external pipelines on surgical operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0021] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a cutaway structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the fixed ring, the driving assembly, and the channel assembly of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the present application. Figure 3

[0025] ​Figure 5 is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 3 .

[0026] Figure 6 is a sectional structure schematic diagram between the fixed ring and the driving assembly of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram between the rotating ring and the first annular plate of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the channel assembly of the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 is an enlarged structure schematic diagram at X in the present application Figure 8 .

[0030] Figure 10 is a structure schematic diagram in the contracted state of the present application.

[0031] Figure 11 is a structure schematic diagram in the expanded state of the present application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, fixed ring; 11, fixed seat; 2, driving assembly; 21, rotating ring; 22, first annular plate; 23, second annular plate; 24, sliding block; 3, channel assembly; 31, annular frame; 311, liquid inlet groove; 312, collection groove; 313, connecting hose; 314, liquid inlet pipe; 315, liquid outlet pipe; 32, liquid spraying support rod; 321, spray hole; 322, conical sleeve; 33, adsorption support rod; 331, adsorption hole; 34, connecting seat; 35, sealing gasket; 4, connecting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-11 , the minimally invasive surgery channel expansion and drainage tool provided in the embodiments of the present application comprises a fixed ring 1, a driving assembly 2 and a channel assembly 3. The fixed ring 1 is a circular ring structure with an L-shaped cross section. An annular groove is arranged on the outer side of the fixed ring 1. The driving assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the annular groove and can rotate. The channel assembly 3 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the annular groove and has a conical structure. The upper end of the channel assembly 3 is connected with the driving assembly 2. The driving assembly 2 can drive the lower end of the channel assembly 3 to gradually expand to change the diameter.

[0035] In the above technical scheme, when performing brain deep minimally invasive surgery, the lower end of the channel assembly 3 is inserted into the brain deep from a small size, reducing the risk of brain tissue invasion, and when reaching the lesion position in the brain deep, the driving assembly 2 can be manually rotated to drive the lower end of the channel assembly 3 to gradually expand, thereby realizing the gradual expansion of the surgical channel, optimizing the surgical field, avoiding the need to replace instruments of different diameters multiple times, reducing the risk of tissue inflammation or edema caused by repeated operations, and at the same time, the gradual and slow expansion of the channel assembly 3 avoids the straight insertion of the instrument causing tearing or damage to the surrounding tissue, improving the safety of the operation.

[0036] Referring to Figures 5-7 As shown in the preferred technical scheme of the present embodiment, the driving assembly 2 includes a rotating ring 21, a first annular plate 22, a second annular plate 23, and a sliding block 24. The rotating ring 21 is in a circular ring structure, and arc-shaped protrusions are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring 21. The rotating ring 21 is installed on the outer side of the fixed ring 1 through a bearing. The first annular plate 22 is installed on the middle part of the outer side of the rotating ring 21. A flat external thread is formed on the lower end surface of the first annular plate 22. The second annular plate 23 is fixedly installed on the middle part of the outer side of the fixed ring 1. Sliding grooves are uniformly formed on the second annular plate 23. The sliding block 24 is slidably arranged in the sliding grooves. Threaded protrusions are formed on the upper end surface of the sliding block 24 and matched with the flat external thread. The lower end of the sliding block 24 is connected with the channel assembly 3.

[0037] In the above technical scheme, when the diameter of the lower end of the channel assembly 3 needs to be adjusted, the rotating ring 21 is manually twisted. The rotating ring 21 drives the first annular plate 22 to rotate synchronously. The flat external thread on the lower end of the first annular plate 22 drives the sliding block 24 to move inward synchronously through thread cooperation, ensuring that the lower end of the channel assembly 3 expands uniformly and avoiding deformation caused by unilateral stress concentration. At the same time, the connection method of thread cooperation has self-locking stability. The friction angle design of the flat thread can naturally resist reverse force (such as tissue rebound). Without additional locking devices, the channel opening degree can be maintained, ensuring the stability of the surgical field.

[0038] Referring to Figures 8-11 As shown in the preferred technical scheme of the present embodiment, the channel assembly 3 includes an annular frame 31, a liquid spraying support 32, an adsorption support 33, a connecting seat 34, and a sealing pad 35. The annular frame 31 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the outer side of the fixed ring 1. Installation grooves are uniformly formed on the inner side of the annular frame 31. The liquid spraying support 32 and the adsorption support 33 are installed in the installation grooves through a pin shaft. The liquid spraying support 32 and the adsorption support 33 are arranged at intervals. The connecting seat 34 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the liquid spraying support 32 and the adsorption support 33. An open guide groove is formed on the upper end of the connecting seat 34. A limiting pin shaft matched with the open guide groove is installed on the sliding block 24. The sealing pad 35 is installed between the gap between adjacent liquid spraying supports 32 and adsorption supports 33 and the annular frame 31.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the upper end of the liquid injection support rod 32 and the adsorption support rod 33 is connected with the sliding block 24, when the rotating ring 21 drives the sliding block 24 to move inward, the lower end of the plurality of liquid injection support rods 32 and the adsorption support rod 33 will be turned outward synchronously, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the surgical channel, and the sealing gasket 35 will always seal the gap between the liquid injection support rod 32, the adsorption support rod 33 and the annular frame 31, avoiding the phenomenon of liquid leakage.

[0040] It should be noted that when the liquid injection support rod 32 and the adsorption support rod 33 are turned, the connecting seat 34 will rotate around the pin shaft inside the mounting groove. Since the sliding block 24 can only move horizontally, in order to avoid interference between the connecting seat 34 and the sliding block 24, an open guide groove is formed at the upper end of the connecting seat 34. When the sliding block 24 moves horizontally, it can also drive the connecting seat 34 to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of opening the lower end of the liquid injection support rod 32 and the adsorption support rod 33.

[0041] Referring to Figures 4-6 As a preferred technical solution of the present embodiment, the annular frame 31 is internally provided with a liquid inlet groove 311 and a collection groove 312, both of which are circular ring structures. The lower end of the annular frame 31 is uniformly provided with a connecting hose 313. The rear side of the liquid injection support rod 32 is connected with the inside of the liquid inlet groove 311 through the connecting hose 313, and the rear side of the adsorption support rod 33 is connected with the inside of the collection groove 312 through the connecting hose 313.

[0042] Referring to Figures 4-6 As a preferred technical solution of the present embodiment, the lower end of the annular frame 31 is further provided with a liquid inlet pipe 314 and a liquid discharge pipe 315. The liquid inlet pipe 314 is connected with the inside of the liquid inlet groove 311, and the upper end of the liquid discharge pipe 315 penetrates through the liquid inlet groove 311 and is connected with the inside of the collection groove 312.

[0043] In the above technical solution, during the operation, liquid is injected into the liquid inlet groove 311 through the liquid inlet pipe 314, and the liquid is uniformly sprayed through the inner side of the liquid injection support rod 32, which can remove blood, cerebrospinal fluid and tissue fragments in the surgical field, avoid accumulation affecting the visibility under the endoscope or microscope, prevent blood clots from forming, and reduce smoke interference during electrocoagulation or laser hemostasis. Liquid is drawn into the collection groove 312 through the liquid discharge pipe 315, and the liquid is collected by the adsorption support rod 33, which can timely absorb and remove the irrigation fluid and intraoperative exudate, keep the surgical field dry, and avoid liquid from flooding the key structure (such as nerves and blood vessels).

[0044] It should be noted that the number of liquid spray rods 32 and adsorption rods 33 is multiple, and the liquid spray rods 32 and the adsorption rods 33 are arranged at intervals, the liquid spray rods 32 can be uniformly sprayed from multiple directions, avoiding local uneven flushing caused by single-point flushing, and ensuring that blood, cerebrospinal fluid and tissue fragments in the entire surgical field (including corners) are effectively removed; the multiple adsorption points on the adsorption rod 33 work cooperatively to quickly absorb liquid and prevent the accumulation of liquid from affecting the field of vision or compressing the brain tissue.

[0045] Referring to Figures 8-11 As a preferred technical solution of the embodiment, the liquid spray rod 32 is an arc-shaped metal material, the inside of the liquid spray rod 32 is a hollow structure, and the inside of the liquid spray rod 32 is uniformly provided with a spray hole 321.

[0046] Referring to Figures 8-11 As a preferred technical solution of the embodiment, the spray hole 321 is fixedly provided with a conical sleeve 322, and the conical sleeve 322 is made of flexible rubber material.

[0047] In the above technical solution, the flushing liquid in the liquid inlet groove 311 is uniformly distributed to the inside of the liquid spray rod 32 through the connecting hose 313, and then sprayed through the conical sleeve 322 on the spray hole 321. When the liquid spray rod 32 sprays, the inside of the conical sleeve 322 is stressed, so that the port of the conical sleeve 322 can be extruded open, so as to achieve the purpose of spraying liquid; when the flushing pressure in the liquid inlet groove 311 decreases, the port of the conical sleeve 322 is closed, avoiding the entry of blood, cerebrospinal fluid and the like into the inside of the liquid spray rod 32 during the operation process.

[0048] Referring to Figures 8-11 As a preferred technical solution of the embodiment, the adsorption rod 33 is an arc-shaped metal material, the inside of the adsorption rod 33 is a hollow structure, and the inside of the adsorption rod 33 is uniformly provided with an adsorption hole 331.

[0049] Referring to Figures 8-11 As a preferred technical solution of the embodiment, the adsorption hole 331 is a downward inclined structure, and the inside of the adsorption hole 331 is filled with a filter sponge.

[0050] In the above technical scheme, when the waste liquid inside the surgical channel needs to be sucked, the drainage pipe 315 is drawn to the inside of the collection tank 312 to make the inside of the collection tank 312 in a negative pressure state, and the inside of the adsorption support rod 33 is also in a negative pressure state, so that the waste liquid inside the surgical channel enters the inside of the collection tank 312 through the adsorption hole 331, and the flushing liquid and the intraoperative exudate can be timely sucked and removed to keep the surgical field dry; the adsorption hole 331 is filled with filter sponge, which can filter the impurities such as tissues and debris in the waste liquid, so as to prevent the impurities such as tissues and debris from entering the inside of the adsorption support rod 33 and being difficult to clean.

[0051] Referring to Figures 1-2 As shown in the preferred technical scheme of the embodiment, the upper end of the fixing ring 1 is symmetrically provided with a fixing seat 11, and the fixing seat 11 is provided with a connecting frame 4 through a screw, and the connecting frame 4 is provided with an installation transverse groove.

[0052] In the above technical scheme, during the minimally invasive surgery, the fixing ring 1 can be installed and fixed through the connecting frame 4, so that the fixing ring 1 and the channel assembly 3 can not only keep a stable state during the surgery, but also can avoid being manually held, thereby improving the convenience of the surgery.

[0053] In combination with the above structure, the minimally invasive surgical channel expansion and drainage tool provided by the application is implemented according to the following steps when working: S1: preliminary insertion and positioning of the surgical channel The small-diameter conical structure at the lower end of the channel assembly 3 is inserted into the brain tissue through a minimally invasive incision, slowly pushed to the target surgical area (such as the tumor or hematoma position), and the fixing ring 1 is fixed on the operating bed or support arm through the connecting frame 4 to ensure the stability of the channel assembly 3 and avoid intraoperative displacement.

[0054] S2: controllable expansion of the channel The rotating ring 21 of the driving assembly 2 is manually rotated to drive the first annular plate 22 to rotate synchronously, and the flat external thread at the lower end of the first annular plate 22 drives the sliding block 24 to move inward along the sliding groove of the second annular plate 23 synchronously, the sliding block 24 is matched with the open guide groove of the connecting seat 34 through the limiting pin shaft, and the lower end of the liquid injection support rod 32 and the adsorption support rod 33 is pushed to turn outward, so that the channel assembly 3 is gradually expanded until the required surgical field diameter is reached.

[0055] S3: intraoperative flushing and waste liquid adsorption The physiological saline or flushing liquid is injected into the liquid inlet groove 311 through the liquid inlet pipe 314, and the liquid is distributed to each liquid injection branch rod 32 through the connecting hose 313. The flushing liquid is uniformly sprayed from the conical sleeve 322 of the spray hole 321, and the blood, cerebrospinal fluid and tissue fragments in the surgical field are removed. The multi-rod interval layout ensures that there is no dead angle in flushing, avoids single-point high-pressure damage to brain tissue, and through the connection of the liquid outlet pipe 315 with the negative pressure suction device, the negative pressure is formed in the collection groove 312, the waste liquid is sucked into the inclined adsorption hole 331 of the adsorption branch rod 33, the filter sponge blocks the tissue fragments to prevent the pipeline from being blocked.

[0056] S4: Dynamic adjustment and surgical field maintenance According to the operation requirement, the channel diameter is adjusted in real time: the reverse rotation of the rotating ring 21 can shrink the channel, which is convenient for the instrument to enter and exit or change the operation angle, maintains the balance of flushing-adsorption, avoids intracranial pressure fluctuation or tissue damage by adjusting the perfusion pressure and suction negative pressure.

[0057] S5: Operation completion and instrument withdrawal The reverse rotation of the rotating ring 21 makes the liquid injection branch rod 32 and the adsorption branch rod 33 retract to the closed state, restores the initial small diameter of the channel assembly 3, slowly withdraws the channel assembly 3, and sutures the incision after checking that there is no bleeding or residual foreign matter in the surgical area.

[0058] It is apparent for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, but can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all aspects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A minimally invasive surgical channel expansion and drainage tool, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of fixed ring (1), drive assembly (2) and passage assembly (3), the fixed ring (1) is L-shaped circular ring structure, fixed ring (1) outside is provided with annular groove, annular groove upper end is fixedly installed with drive assembly (2), drive assembly (2) can rotate, annular groove lower end is fixedly installed with passage assembly (3), passage assembly (3) is conical structure, passage assembly (3) upper end is connected with drive assembly (2), the drive assembly (2) can drive passage assembly (3) lower end gradually expand to change diameter. The drive assembly (2) includes a rotating ring (21), a first annular plate (22), a second annular plate (23), and a sliding block (24). The rotating ring (21) is circular ring structure, and the outer side of the rotating ring (21) is uniformly provided with arc protrusions. The rotating ring (21) is installed on the outer side of the fixed ring (1) through a bearing. The first annular plate (22) is installed on the outer side of the rotating ring (21). The lower end surface of the first annular plate (22) is provided with a plane external thread. The second annular plate (23) is fixedly installed on the middle part of the outer side of the fixed ring (1). The second annular plate (23) is uniformly provided with sliding grooves. The sliding block (24) is slidably arranged in the sliding grooves. The upper end surface of the sliding block (24) is provided with a thread protrusion matched with the plane external thread. The lower end of the sliding block (24) is connected with the passage assembly (3).

2. The minimally invasive surgical access dilation and drainage tool of claim 1, wherein: The passage assembly (3) includes a ring-shaped frame (31), a liquid spraying support rod (32), an adsorption support rod (33), a connecting seat (34), and a sealing gasket (35). The lower end of the outer side of the fixed ring (1) is fixedly installed with the ring-shaped frame (31). The inner side of the ring-shaped frame (31) is uniformly provided with installation grooves. The liquid spraying support rod (32) and the adsorption support rod (33) are installed in the installation grooves through pins. The liquid spraying support rod (32) and the adsorption support rod (33) are arranged at intervals. The upper end of the liquid spraying support rod (32) and the upper end of the adsorption support rod (33) are respectively fixedly installed with the connecting seat (34). The upper end of the connecting seat (34) is provided with an open guide groove. The sliding block (24) is installed with a limiting pin matched with the open guide groove. The gap between adjacent liquid spraying support rods (32) and adsorption support rods (33) and the ring-shaped frame (31) are installed with the sealing gasket (35).

3. The minimally invasive surgical access dilation and drainage tool of claim 2, wherein: The inner part of the ring-shaped frame (31) is provided with a liquid inlet groove (311) and a collection groove (312). The liquid inlet groove (311) and the collection groove (312) are circular ring structure. The lower end of the ring-shaped frame (31) is uniformly installed with connecting hoses (313). The rear side of the liquid spraying support rod (32) is connected with the inner part of the liquid inlet groove (311) through the connecting hoses (313). The rear side of the adsorption support rod (33) is connected with the inner part of the collection groove (312) through the connecting hoses (313).

4. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 3, wherein: The lower end of the ring-shaped frame (31) is also installed with a liquid inlet pipe (314) and a liquid outlet pipe (315). The liquid inlet pipe (314) is connected with the inner part of the liquid inlet groove (311). The upper end of the liquid outlet pipe (315) penetrates through the liquid inlet groove (311) and is connected with the inner part of the collection groove (312).

5. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 4, wherein: ​ 6. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 5, wherein: The liquid spraying support rod (32) is arc-shaped and made of metal, the liquid spraying support rod (32) is hollow, and a plurality of spraying holes (321) are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the liquid spraying support rod (32).

7. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 6, wherein: A conical sleeve (322) is fixedly installed on the spraying hole (321), and the conical sleeve (322) is made of flexible rubber.

8. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 7, wherein: The adsorption support rod (33) is arc-shaped and made of metal, the adsorption support rod (33) is hollow, and a plurality of adsorption holes (331) are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the adsorption support rod (33).

9. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 8, wherein: The adsorption hole (331) is downwardly inclined, and the adsorption hole (331) is filled with filter sponge.

10. The minimally invasive surgical access and drainage tool of claim 1, wherein: A fixing seat (11) is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the fixing ring (1), a connecting frame (4) is arranged on the fixing seat (11) through screws, and a mounting horizontal groove is arranged on the connecting frame (4).

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