Method for machining an annular groove in an end face

Abstract

The application discloses a machining method of an end face annular groove and relates to the technical field of lathe machining. The method comprises the following steps: S101, forming the profile of the annular groove on the end face of a workpiece to be machined; S102, rotating the workpiece to be machined around the axis of the annular groove to be machined; and S103, performing finish machining on at least part of the inner wall of the profile of the annular groove to form the annular groove, wherein the V-shaped turning tool is moved to a first region to perform finish machining on the part of the inner wall of the annular groove close to a first side wall, the V-shaped turning tool is moved to a second region to perform finish machining on the part of the inner wall of the annular groove close to a second side wall, the second region is located on the other side of the first region relative to the axis of the annular groove, and the first side wall and the second side wall are oppositely arranged. The application can solve the problems that the reverse installation of the V-shaped turning tool or the adoption of a second reverse installation V-shaped turning tool will generate a tool mark or the adoption of a square head groove tool will cause an undesirable roughness when finish machining is performed on the profile of the annular groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lathe machining technology, and in particular to a method for machining an annular groove on an end face. Background Technology

[0002] Because the accuracy of the annular groove profile formed by rough machining is different from the target requirements, at least part of the inner wall of the annular groove profile needs to be finished in the later stage to form an annular groove that meets the target requirements.

[0003] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the V-shaped cutting tool and the annular groove, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, for example, a V-shaped cutting tool can be used to finish the inner wall of the annular groove contour to form the annular groove. Because the V-shaped cutting tool itself has a certain orientation, when the V-shaped cutting tool (I) finishes the inner wall of the annular groove contour, it can only finish a portion of the inner wall (the right side of the annular groove contour), and cannot finish the entire interior of the annular groove 11 contour (the leftmost part of the annular groove contour cannot be finished). If finishing is required on the remaining inner wall, the V-shaped cutting tool needs to be disassembled and reversed to form a reverse-mounted V-shaped cutting tool (II), or a second reverse-mounted V-shaped cutting tool (II) needs to be used. In either case, errors will occur; inconsistent tool tip wear and height will also produce tool marks. Especially when the finishing accuracy requirement is high, these errors exceed the accuracy requirement, ultimately resulting in the finished annular groove failing to meet the accuracy requirements. For example, a square-headed grooving cutter can be used to finish the inner wall of the annular groove to form an annular groove, but the inner wall roughness under this machining method is not ideal and it is prone to vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a machining method for an annular groove on the end face, which can solve the problem that when the contour of the annular groove is finished, adjusting the V-shaped turning tool to be installed in reverse or using a second reverse-installed V-shaped turning tool will produce tool marks or the use of a square-head grooving tool will result in unsatisfactory surface roughness.

[0005] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for machining an annular groove on an end face, the method comprising:

[0007] S101: Rough machining is performed on the end face of the workpiece to form the outline of an annular groove;

[0008] S102: Rotate the workpiece around the axis of the annular groove to be processed;

[0009] S103: At least a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove contour is finished to form the annular groove, wherein a V-shaped cutting tool is moved to a first region to finish a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near a first sidewall, and the V-shaped cutting tool is moved to a second region to finish a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near a second sidewall, the second region being located on the other side of the first region relative to the axis of the annular groove, and the first sidewall and the second sidewall being disposed opposite to each other.

[0010] Preferably, in step S103, the direction of the V-shaped cutting tool is kept unchanged.

[0011] Preferably, in step S103, the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall includes at least one of the following: the first sidewall of the annular groove, or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall;

[0012] The portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall includes at least one of the following: the second sidewall of the annular groove, or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall.

[0013] Preferably, during the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to move from the direction near the first sidewall to the direction away from the first sidewall for finishing turning, and then the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove in an arc movement manner.

[0014] and / or

[0015] During the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to move from the direction near the second sidewall to the direction away from the second sidewall for finishing turning. Afterward, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove in an arc-shaped movement.

[0016] Preferably, the area where the bottom wall of the annular groove is finished near the first sidewall overlaps with the area where the bottom wall of the annular groove is finished near the second sidewall.

[0017] Preferably, the V-shaped cutting tool and the annular groove satisfy the following relationship:

[0018] 0.5·Tan(180°-θ1-θ2)·A>B,

[0019] Wherein, θ1 represents the angle between the side of the V-shaped cutting tool facing the first sidewall and the bottom wall of the annular groove, θ2 represents the tip angle of the V-shaped cutting tool, A represents the width of the bottom wall of the annular groove, and B represents the depth of the annular groove.

[0020] Preferably, step S101 specifically includes: rotating the workpiece to be processed around the axis of the annular groove to be processed, and using a ball-end insert to process the annular groove layer by layer in the axial direction of the annular groove with a moving turning trajectory that is at least partially multi-segmented.

[0021] Preferably, in step S101, during the machining of a partial layer, when machining the sidewall that forms part of the annular groove, the ball-end insert feeds in an arc-shaped movement manner; then, the ball-end insert performs turning in a multi-segment line movement manner in the radial direction of the annular groove; when the ball-end insert moves to the other sidewall of the annular groove, the ball-end insert retracts in an arc-shaped movement manner to machine the other sidewall that forms part of the annular groove.

[0022] Preferably, in step S101, during the machining process of the layer corresponding to the bottom wall of the annular groove, the ball-end insert feeds in an arc-shaped manner to machine the sidewall of part of the annular groove. Then, the ball-end insert performs turning in the radial direction of the annular groove in a polysegment-shaped manner, the polysegment including a straight line for machining the bottom wall of the annular groove. When the ball-end insert moves to the other sidewall of the annular groove, the ball-end insert retracts in an arc-shaped manner to machine the other sidewall of part of the annular groove.

[0023] Preferably, step S101 specifically includes: machining the bottom corner of at least one end of the bottom wall of the annular groove using a ball-end insert; wherein the ball-end insert moves in an arc-shaped manner to feed into the groove to machine one of the side wall and bottom wall of the annular groove, and then, when the ball-end insert moves in a multi-segment line manner to the other side wall and bottom wall of the annular groove, the ball-end insert moves out of the groove in an arc-shaped manner.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The machining method of this application can complete the finishing of the entire interior of the annular groove contour with the same V-shaped cutting tool without disassembling the V-shaped cutting tool to change its orientation. In this way, there will be no errors caused by disassembling the V-shaped cutting tool, nor will there be any errors caused by using a second V-shaped cutting tool installed in the opposite direction. The annular groove formed by the final finishing can meet higher precision requirements.

[0026] 2. This application uses a ball end insert to move in the radial direction of the annular groove in a turning trajectory that is at least partially arcuate to perform cutting. Since the ball end insert can maintain local small-range contact with the workpiece in real time, the cutting force on the ball end insert is small, and a higher feed value can be obtained, which can effectively improve the machining efficiency.

[0027] 3. The ball-end insert moves radially within the annular groove to perform cutting. The metal chips produced by the ball-end insert are short, fine fragments, not long, continuous chips. These chips are easily removed from both sides of the annular groove in the radial direction, preventing entanglement. Lubricating coolant can also be continuously sprayed onto the cutting edge of the ball-end insert, thus preventing deterioration of lubrication and cooling. This minimizes downtime for chip removal during the annular groove machining process, effectively improving machining efficiency, reducing the likelihood of operator injuries from chip removal, and significantly reducing insert wear, thereby lowering tooling costs.

[0028] Specific embodiments of the invention are disclosed in detail below with reference to the description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of the invention can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not therefore limited in scope. Features described and / or shown for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the V-shaped cutting tool and the annular groove.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the processing method for the annular groove on the end face in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ball end mill's moving cutting trajectory in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 These are the tool setting points for the ball-end insert in two feasible ways in this embodiment of the invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationship between the V-shaped cutting tool and the annular groove in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the V-shaped turning tool performing finishing in the first and second regions respectively in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the V-shaped lathe tool finishing the overlapping portion in the first and second regions, respectively, in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0038] 1. Workpiece to be machined; 11. Annular groove; 2. Ball end insert; 3. V-shaped turning tool. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, all of which should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal communication between two elements, and can be direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0041] To address the issues of chip entanglement and low efficiency in machining annular grooves using traditional cutting tools, this application proposes a method for machining annular grooves on the end face. Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the processing method for the annular groove on the end face in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the processing method for the annular groove on the end face may include:

[0042] S101: The outline of the annular groove is formed by rough machining on the end face of the workpiece 1.

[0043] The radial cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 11 to be processed can be various, and no limitation is made thereto in this application. Generally, the annular groove 11 to be processed can have opposing first sidewalls, second sidewalls, and a bottom wall. In cross-section, the first sidewall, second sidewall, and bottom wall can each have different shapes, such as straight lines, arcs, polylines, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the radial cross-section of the annular groove 11 to be processed can be rectangular.

[0044] In the process of forming the outline of the annular groove on the end face of the workpiece 1 through rough machining, this application does not limit the specific machining method of rough machining. It can adopt the rough machining method in the prior art, such as forming the outline of the annular groove by machining with a traditional grooving insert. Furthermore, the outline of the annular groove can be formed by machining with a ball end insert 2 as described below in this application.

[0045] Furthermore, an annular groove 11 can be machined on one end face of the workpiece 1 using turning. That is, the annular groove 11 is circular, and its axis is the axis of rotation of the workpiece 1 during turning. The end face can intersect the axis of rotation of the workpiece 1. Alternatively, the end face can be substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece 1. Before turning the workpiece 1 with a cutting tool, the workpiece 1 is rotated around the axis of the annular groove 11 to be machined.

[0046] In traditional metal cutting machining, when machining annular grooves on an end face, the machine tool typically controls the entire end face to rotate around a center while simultaneously controlling the grooving insert to repeatedly cut vertically downwards. During this process, the grooving insert generates continuous and long metal chips. These chips easily entangle with each other, leading to difficulties in chip removal and severely deteriorating the lubrication and cooling effect at the cutting point of the grooving insert.

[0047] Because the problem of metal shavings entanglement is difficult to solve effectively, frequent machine stops for manual cleaning are required during processing. This not only wastes a significant amount of processing time and increases non-cutting downtime considerably, but also poses a safety hazard to operators who may be cut while cleaning metal shavings. Simultaneously, poor lubrication and cooling in the cutting area and the adverse effects of metal shavings entanglement on the cutting tools lead to accelerated tool wear and a significantly increased replacement frequency, greatly increasing tool usage costs. Furthermore, frequent machine stops for cleaning and tool wear result in low overall processing efficiency for annular grooves, severely impacting production progress and economic benefits. Existing traditional metal cutting machine methods for processing annular grooves suffer from problems such as poor chip removal, poor lubrication and cooling, long non-cutting downtime, high tool consumption, low processing efficiency, and safety hazards.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, as a feasible approach, step S101 may specifically include: rotating the workpiece 1 around the axis of the annular groove 11 to be machined, and using a ball-end insert 2 to machine the annular groove 11 layer by layer along its axial direction using a moving turning trajectory that is at least partially polysegmented, thus forming the contour of the annular groove 11. Here, a polysegment is understood in computer-aided design as a continuous line composed of multiple connected straight lines and / or arcs.

[0049] In this step, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ball end mill's moving cutting trajectory in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, during the process of machining the contour of the annular groove 11 layer by layer along its axial direction, when machining the sidewalls of the partially formed annular groove 11, the ball-end insert 2 feeds in an arc-shaped motion. Then, the ball-end insert 2 turns the annular groove 11 radially using a multi-segment movement. While generally resembling an arc, these segments are composed of multiple connected straight lines or arcs, facilitating machine control of the ball-end insert. When the ball-end insert 2 moves to the other sidewall of the annular groove 11, it retracts in an arc-shaped motion to machine the other sidewall of the partially formed annular groove 11.

[0050] The above process is repeated layer by layer along the axial direction of the annular groove 11 to form its contour until the ball end mill is about to form the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. During the machining of the layer corresponding to the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, the ball end mill 2 feeds in an arc-shaped manner to machine part of the sidewall of the annular groove 11. Then, the ball end mill 2 turns in the radial direction of the annular groove 11 using a multi-segment movement, including straight lines for machining the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. As the ball end mill 2 moves from the sidewall of the annular groove 11 to the bottom wall, it can move along a trajectory of connected straight lines and / or arcs. When the ball end mill 2 moves to the other sidewall of the annular groove 11, it retracts in an arc-shaped manner to machine the other sidewall of the annular groove 11.

[0051] It is important to note that Figure 3 The cutting trajectory of the ball end mill is the movement path of the ball end mill's tool setting point. The tool setting point of the ball end mill is not the center of the ball end. Figure 4 The tool setting points for the ball-end inserts in two feasible methods are shown in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it is the intersection of the tangent line at the lowest point of the ball head and the tangent line at the rightmost point of the ball head. In other feasible implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the setting point of the ball end mill can also be the intersection of the tangent line of the lowest point of the ball end mill and the tangent line of the leftmost point of the ball end mill.

[0052] Compared to traditional cutting methods where the insert moves linearly along the axis of the annular groove 11, resulting in full contact between the three cutting edges on both sides and the bottom of the tool and the workpiece 1, the insert experiences a large cutting force, leading to lower feed rates and lower machining efficiency. In this application, a ball end insert 2 moves radially along the annular groove 11 using a multi-segment turning trajectory. Because the ball end insert 2 maintains constant, localized contact with the workpiece 1, the cutting force on the ball end insert 2 is smaller, allowing for higher feed rates and depths of cut, thus effectively improving machining efficiency.

[0053] As feasible, when using ball-end inserts 2 to form the contour of the annular groove 11 layer by layer, the feed value F can reach between 0.7-0.8 mm / r, or even higher, where the feed value F is specifically the amount of turning along the turning direction per revolution of the workpiece.

[0054] Furthermore, the ball end insert 2 moves radially within the annular groove 11 for cutting. The metal chips produced by the ball end insert 2 are short and fine fragments, not long and continuous chips, which are easily removed from both sides of the annular groove 11 in the radial direction without entanglement. Lubricating coolant can also be continuously sprayed onto the cutting edge of the ball end insert 2, thus preventing deterioration of lubrication and cooling. In this way, the possibility of machine downtime for chip removal during the machining process of the annular groove 11 can be minimized, effectively improving machining efficiency, reducing the likelihood of operator injuries from chip removal, and significantly reducing insert wear, thereby lowering tool usage costs.

[0055] In this step, as feasible, during the machining of the forming part layer, when machining the side wall of the forming part annular groove 11, the ball end insert 2 feeds in an arc-shaped movement manner; then, the ball end insert 2 can perform turning in the radial direction of the annular groove 11 with a major arc or minor arc movement manner, or it can perform turning with an elliptical arc, hyperbolic arc, parabolic arc, etc.

[0056] As a feasible approach, the feed rate can be set to be less than or equal to 25% of the tool radius R, where the feed rate is the depth of cut. The toolpath radius can be set to be less than or equal to 20% of the tool radius R. This approach achieves better side machining quality while maintaining efficiency. Specifically, the toolpath radius refers to the radius of the arc during the infeed / retraction of the ball end insert 2.

[0057] In step S101, the process may further include: using a ball-end blade 2 to machine at least one bottom corner of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11.

[0058] Since the bottom corners at both ends of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 were not fully machined during the above-described machining process, leaving a significant amount of material remaining, the ball-end insert 2 can be fed in using an arc-shaped movement to machine one of the sidewalls and bottom wall of the annular groove 11. Then, the ball-end insert 2 can be machined using a polysegment movement to reach the other sidewall or bottom wall of the annular groove 11, and then retracted using an arc-shaped movement. While the ball-end insert 2 is machining the other sidewall or bottom wall of the annular groove 11 using a polysegment movement, it can further machine the bottom corner at one end of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. This process is repeated, continuously machining the bottom corner at one end of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. After the bottom corner at one end of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 is machined, the bottom corner at the other end of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 is then machined.

[0059] The outline of the annular groove 11 can be roughly machined using the ball-end insert 2 in the manner described above. Because the ball-end insert 2 is used, the angle formed by the bottom wall and side wall of the annular groove 11 is rounded.

[0060] As a feasible approach, the moving turning trajectory of the ball end mill 2 can be controlled in this step using the dynamic turning module of CAM software.

[0061] As an option, the ball end insert 2 can be coated with a PVD coating, specifically an AlTiN coating, which has excellent resistance to deformation and can increase the cutting speed of the ball end insert 2 by 50%-100%.

[0062] S102: Rotate the workpiece 1 to be processed around the axis of the annular groove 11 to be processed.

[0063] In this step, the workpiece 1 is clamped on the turning machine and the turning machine is turned on to drive the workpiece 1 to rotate around the axis of the annular groove 11 to be processed.

[0064] S103: At least a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove 11 is finished to form the annular groove 11, wherein the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is moved to the first region to finish the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove 11 near the first sidewall, and the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is moved to the second region to finish the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove 11 near the second sidewall, the second region being located on the other side of the first region relative to the axis of the annular groove 11, and the first sidewall and the second sidewall being disposed opposite to each other.

[0065] Since the accuracy of the contour of the annular groove 11 formed by the ball end mill 2 is different from the target requirement, at least part of the inner wall of the contour of the annular groove 11 needs to be finished in the later stage to form an annular groove 11 that meets the target requirements.

[0066] In this step, a V-shaped turning tool 3 can be used to finish at least a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove 11 to form the annular groove 11. The inner wall of at least a portion of the annular groove 11 can include at least one of the following: opposing first and second sidewalls of the annular groove 11, and the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. Of course, when finishing the opposing first and second sidewalls of the annular groove 11 and the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, the angle formed by the bottom wall and the sidewalls of the annular groove 11 can be machined into an angle formed entirely by two straight lines, rather than an arc-shaped angle.

[0067] In step S103, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the finishing process of a V-shaped turning tool in the first and second regions, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6As shown, specifically, it may include: moving the V-shaped cutting tool 3 to a first region to finish the first sidewall and / or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the first sidewall; moving the V-shaped cutting tool 3 to a second region to finish the second sidewall and / or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the second sidewall, the second region being located on the opposite side of the first region relative to the axis of the annular groove 11.

[0068] In the radial direction of the annular groove 11, if the axis of the annular groove 11 is defined as the origin and the radial direction of the annular groove 11 is the X-axis, then the first region can be located on the positive axis of the X-axis, and the second region can be located on the negative axis of the X-axis. Using the above machining method, the entire interior contour of the annular groove 11 can be finished using the same V-shaped cutting tool 3 without disassembling it or changing its orientation. This eliminates errors caused by disassembling the V-shaped cutting tool 3, and also avoids errors caused by using a second, reverse-mounted V-shaped cutting tool 3. The resulting finished annular groove 11 can meet higher precision requirements.

[0069] As a feasible approach, during the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the first sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 can be controlled to move from the direction near the first sidewall to the direction away from the first sidewall for finishing turning. Afterwards, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 by moving in an arc. Similarly, during the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the second sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is controlled to move from the direction near the second sidewall to the direction away from the second sidewall for finishing turning. Afterwards, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 by moving in an arc.

[0070] During the above process, the exit can be made by moving in an arc, which is tangent to the bottom wall of the annular groove 11.

[0071] In the above process, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a V-shaped cutting tool performs finishing work on the overlapping portion in the first and second regions, respectively, in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the area where the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the first sidewall is finished overlaps with the area where the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 near the second sidewall is finished. For example, the length N of this overlap can be less than or equal to 0.5 mm. This method can further improve the accuracy at the junction of the two machining operations and further reduce tool marks.

[0072] As a feasible approach, during the machining of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 can be controlled to feed into the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 in an arc-shaped movement. Furthermore, it can be fed into the bottom wall in a circular arc-shaped movement, which can reduce the vibration marks generated at the contact point between the cutting tool and the bottom wall.

[0073] In one specific embodiment, when the two sidewalls and the bottom wall of the annular groove 11 are being finished, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 can be moved to the first region and moved from top to bottom to complete the finishing of the first sidewall of the annular groove 11. Then, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is controlled to move from the direction close to the first sidewall to the direction away from the first sidewall to complete the finishing turning of part of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11. Then, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 can be moved to the second region and moved from top to bottom to complete the finishing of the second sidewall of the annular groove 11. Then, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 is controlled to move from the direction close to the second sidewall to the direction away from the second sidewall to complete the finishing turning of the remaining part of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11.

[0074] Because the V-shaped cutting tool 3 has a certain width, when finishing the two side walls and the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dimensional relationship between the V-shaped cutting tool and the annular groove in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 and the annular groove 11 need to satisfy the following relationship:

[0075] 0.5·Tan(180°-θ1-θ2)·A>B,

[0076] Wherein, θ1 represents the angle between the side of the V-shaped cutting tool facing the first sidewall and the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, θ2 represents the tip angle of the V-shaped cutting tool, A represents the width of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, and B represents the depth of the annular groove 11.

[0077] When the above conditions are met, in the first region and the second region, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 can respectively complete the finishing of at least half the width of the bottom wall of the annular groove 11, thus completing the finishing of the entire bottom wall area of ​​the annular groove 11. If the above conditions are not met, the V-shaped cutting tool 3 will collide with at least one side wall of the annular groove 11, and the bottom wall finished in the first region and the bottom wall finished in the second region cannot have any overlap.

[0078] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified element, component, part, or step, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute “may” include is optional. Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The disclosure of “a” or “an” used to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0079] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing an annular groove on an end face, characterized in that, The processing method for the annular groove on the end face includes: S101: Rough machining is performed on the end face of the workpiece to form the outline of an annular groove; S102: Rotate the workpiece around the axis of the annular groove to be processed; S103: At least a portion of the inner wall of the annular groove contour is finished to form the annular groove, wherein a V-shaped cutting tool is moved to a first region to finish the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall, and the V-shaped cutting tool is moved to a second region to finish the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall, the second region being located on the opposite side of the first region relative to the axis of the annular groove, and the first sidewall and the second sidewall being disposed opposite to each other; the V-shaped cutting tool used and the annular groove satisfy the following relationship: 0.5·Tan(180°-θ1-θ2) ·A>B, Wherein, θ1 represents the angle between the side of the V-shaped cutting tool facing the first sidewall and the bottom wall of the annular groove, θ2 represents the tip angle of the V-shaped cutting tool, A represents the width of the bottom wall of the annular groove, and B represents the depth of the annular groove.

2. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S103, the direction of the V-shaped cutting tool is kept unchanged.

3. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S103, the portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall includes at least one of the following: the first sidewall of the annular groove, or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall. The portion of the inner wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall includes at least one of the following: the second sidewall of the annular groove, or the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall.

4. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the first sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to move from the direction near the first sidewall to the direction away from the first sidewall for finishing turning. Afterward, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove in an arc-shaped movement. and / or During the finishing process of the portion of the bottom wall of the annular groove near the second sidewall, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to move from the direction near the second sidewall to the direction away from the second sidewall for finishing turning. Afterward, the V-shaped cutting tool is controlled to exit the bottom wall of the annular groove in an arc-shaped movement.

5. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 4, characterized in that, The area where the bottom wall of the annular groove is finished near the first sidewall overlaps with the area where the bottom wall of the annular groove is finished near the second sidewall.

6. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S101 specifically includes: rotating the workpiece to be processed around the axis of the annular groove to be processed, and using a ball-end insert to process the annular groove layer by layer in the axial direction of the annular groove with a moving turning trajectory that is at least partially in a multi-segment line to form the outline of the annular groove.

7. The method for processing the annular groove on the end face according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S101, during the machining process of the layer corresponding to the bottom wall of the annular groove, the ball end insert feeds in an arc-shaped manner to machine the side wall of part of the annular groove. Then, the ball end insert turns in the radial direction of the annular groove in a polysegment-shaped manner, the polysegment including a straight line for machining the bottom wall of the annular groove. When the ball end insert moves to the other side wall of the annular groove, the ball end insert retracts in an arc-shaped manner to machine the other side wall of part of the annular groove.

8. The method for processing an annular groove on the end face according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S101 specifically includes: A ball-end insert is used to machine at least one bottom corner of the bottom wall of the annular groove; wherein the ball-end insert is fed in an arc-shaped manner to machine one of the side wall and bottom wall of the annular groove, and then the ball-end insert is turned in a multi-segment line manner to the other side wall and bottom wall of the annular groove, and the ball-end insert is retracted in an arc-shaped manner.

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