Clamp for shaft workpiece machining

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamp for shaft workpiece machining. The clamp comprises a chuck and a clamping jaw for clamping a shaft workpiece. The device further comprises a follow-up block, a transmission unit and a locking unit. The follow-up block is arranged on one side of the clamping jaw and penetrates through the chuck in the axis direction of the chuck. The transmission unit is arranged on the side, away from the clamping jaw, of the chuck and connected with the follow-up block, the transmission unit comprises a limiting block moving in the axis direction of the chuck, an inclined groove is formed in the limiting block, and one side of the follow-up block extends into the inclined groove; the locking unit is arranged on one side of the limiting block, the locking unit is used for locking the limiting block, the locking unit comprises an extrusion rod and a pressure sensor, the extrusion rod is movably arranged on the side, away from the chuck, of the limiting block in the moving direction of the limiting block, and the pressure sensor is arranged at the end, facing the extrusion rod, of the limiting block. According to the invention, not only is the clamping stability of the hard shaft workpiece during processing ensured, but also the surface damage of the soft shaft workpiece caused by overpressure is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of clamps, in particular to a clamp for shaft workpiece machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] When machining a shaft workpiece, a special clamp for shaft workpiece machining needs to be used, and the clamp for shaft workpiece machining is mainly a three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck mainly adopts a mechanical self-clamping type. During the machining process, the three-jaw chuck rotates, causing the clamping jaws on the three-jaw chuck to be subjected to a large centrifugal force. After long-term use, the clamping jaws may become loose. The existing improvement method is to convert the centrifugal force into a pre-tightening force after the three-jaw chuck rotates. However, this method cannot be combined with the existing mechanical self-clamping structure, resulting in insufficient clamping force in a low-speed state.

[0003] Chinese patent application (publication number CN120394933A) discloses a CNC lathe shaft workpiece machining clamp, which comprises a three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck comprises a chuck body, a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear, a clamping jaw, and an auxiliary clamping device. The auxiliary clamping device comprises an auxiliary bevel gear, which is rotatably arranged in the chuck body and coaxially arranged with the large bevel gear, and is in meshing relationship with at least one small bevel gear. A centrifugal block is slidably arranged in the chuck body along the radial direction of the chuck body. The centrifugal block can produce centrifugal displacement with the rotation of the chuck body. A transmission assembly is arranged in the chuck body and connected with the centrifugal block and the auxiliary bevel gear, and is used to convert the radial displacement of the centrifugal block into the rotational motion of the auxiliary bevel gear. When the rotation speed of the chuck body exceeds a set threshold value, the centrifugal block slides away from the axis of the chuck body, and the auxiliary bevel gear is guided by the transmission assembly to produce a rotational trend that tends to tighten the small bevel gear, thereby exerting a locking action on the large bevel gear through the small bevel gear.

[0004] The above-mentioned scheme can ensure the clamping force, but the structure of the three-jaw chuck is too complex, and it is not convenient for later maintenance. At the same time, in order to ensure the stability of clamping, the clamping jaws on the three-jaw chuck need to exert a large enough force on the shaft workpiece. This is because when machining the shaft workpiece, the shaft workpiece will be subjected to a circumferential torsion. If the clamping force is not enough, the shaft workpiece may slightly rotate on the three-jaw chuck. When the shaft workpiece rotates, the clamping jaws will scratch the shaft workpiece. If the clamping force is too large, it will cause indentation on the shaft workpiece. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a kind of clamps for shaft workpiece machining, by setting follow-up block, containing transmission unit with limiting slot limiting block and by extrusion rod and pressure sensor the key components such as lock unit, the clamp for shaft workpiece machining realizes the intelligent self-adapting clamping of different material shaft workpiece: when jaw is driven by hydraulic pressure and initially clamps shaft workpiece, follow-up block moves synchronously with jaw and is displaced by limiting slot limiting block, at this time extrusion rod follows but does not press; when hydraulic line is switched to open passage state, extrusion rod actively advances and presses pressure sensor, and the jaw is clamped to the shaft workpiece by the mechanical transmission of the limiting slot for the second time, the pressure sensor real-time feedback clamping force data to processor, when the detection value reaches the preset rated clamping force matched with the material of the shaft workpiece, the system immediately stops extrusion and switches hydraulic line to self-locking state, forming mechanical-hydraulic double redundant lock structure.

[0006] To solve the prior art problems, the present application provides a kind of clamps for shaft workpiece machining, including chuck and the jaw for clamping shaft workpiece; It further includes follow-up block, transmission unit and lock unit; Follow-up block is arranged at one side of jaw and penetrates chuck along the axial direction of chuck; Transmission unit is arranged at the side of chuck away from jaw and is connected with follow-up block, and transmission unit includes limiting block moving along the axial direction of chuck, limiting slot is formed in limiting block, the extension direction of limiting slot has angle with vertical direction, and one side of follow-up block extends into limiting slot and moves in limiting slot along the extension direction of limiting slot; Lock unit is arranged at one side of limiting block, and lock unit is used for locking limiting block, and lock unit includes extrusion rod and pressure sensor, extrusion rod is arranged at the side of limiting block away from chuck along the moving direction of limiting block, and pressure sensor is arranged at the end of limiting block towards extrusion rod and is used for detecting the pressure value when extrusion rod extrudes limiting block.

[0007] Preferably, the first roller is rotatably sleeved on the part of the follow-up block extending into the limiting slot.

[0008] Preferably, the lock unit further includes a pushing unit for pushing the extrusion rod to move, and the pushing unit includes a fixed plate, a lead screw, a push plate and a gear ring. The fixed plate is arranged at the side of the chuck away from the jaw and is always in a stationary state. The lead screw penetrates the fixed plate along the axis of the chuck and can move along the axial direction of the chuck. The push plate is fixedly arranged at the end of the lead screw towards the chuck along the axis of the lead screw. The gear ring is sleeved on the periphery of the lead screw and threadedly cooperates with the lead screw.

[0009] Preferably, the locking unit further comprises a synchronization plate, the synchronization plate is fixedly connected with the end of all the extrusion rods, and the push plate extrudes the extrusion rods through the synchronization plate.

[0010] Preferably, the synchronization plate is in a ring shape, and a plurality of second rollers rotating along the axis of the synchronization plate are arranged on the synchronization plate.

[0011] Preferably, a gasket is arranged between the extrusion rod and the pressure sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the push unit further comprises a guide rod and a guide sleeve. The guide rod is fixedly arranged on the push plate in parallel to the axis of the chuck. The guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate in the extension direction of the guide rod, and the guide sleeve is in sliding fit with the guide rod.

[0013] Preferably, a clamping pad made of rubber is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the end face of the clamping pad in contact with the shaft workpiece, and the grooves are arranged in an array.

[0015] Preferably, a clamping groove is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw, the clamping pad is in clamping fit with the clamping groove, and the clamping pad is fixed by a screw.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are: 1. The shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application realizes intelligent self-adaptive clamping of shaft workpieces of different materials by arranging key components such as the follower block, the transmission unit comprising the limiting groove limiting block, and the locking unit comprising the extrusion rod and the pressure sensor: after the clamping jaw preliminarily clamps the shaft workpiece under the hydraulic drive, the follower block moves synchronously with the clamping jaw and drives the limiting block to displace through the limiting groove, at this time, the extrusion rod moves synchronously but does not apply pressure; when the hydraulic pipeline is switched to an open passage state, the extrusion rod actively advances and applies pressure to the pressure sensor, the clamping jaw performs secondary precise clamping on the shaft workpiece through the mechanical transmission of the limiting groove, and the pressure sensor feedbacks the clamping force data to the processor in real time; when the detection value reaches the rated clamping force matched with the material of the shaft workpiece, the system immediately stops extrusion and switches the hydraulic pipeline to the self-locking state, forming a mechanical-hydraulic double-redundancy locking structure. The clamping stability during machining of hard shaft workpieces is ensured, surface damage of soft shaft workpieces due to overpressure is avoided, the double-locking mechanism greatly reduces the clamping loosening rate, and the good product rate and equipment reliability of shaft part machining are significantly improved.

[0017] 2、By setting the clamping pad on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw, the clamping jaw indirectly clamps the shaft workpiece by the clamping pad, avoiding damage to the surface of the shaft workpiece when the clamping jaw directly clamps the shaft workpiece, and the clamping pad clamps the shaft workpiece, when the clamping jaw exerts clamping force on the shaft workpiece, the clamping pad can deform after being stressed, the contact area of the clamping pad and the shaft workpiece increases, and a plurality of grooves are formed on the clamping pad, the friction coefficient of the clamping pad is improved, and the stability of clamping is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application arranged on the base.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application after removing part of the shell.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a side view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application after removing part of the shell.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application. Figure 4 A-A.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application. Figure 6 B.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a sectional view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application. Figure 6 C.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application. Figure 6 D.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application after removing part of the pushing unit. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the shaft workpiece machining clamp of the present application after removing part of the pushing unit. Figure 2 .

[0029] The figure marks are: 1, chuck; 11, clamping jaw; 111, follow-up block; 1111, first roller; 112, clamping pad; 113, groove; 12, transmission unit; 121, limiting block; 122, limiting groove; 13, locking unit; 131, extrusion rod; 132, pressure sensor; 133, pushing unit; 1331, fixed plate; 1332, screw rod; 1333, push plate; 1334, gear ring; 1335, gear; 1336, rotary driver; 1337, guide rod; 1338, guide sleeve; 134, synchronization plate; 1341, second roller; 135, washer; 2, shaft workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to further understand the features, technical means and specific purposes and functions achieved by the present application, the present application will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-11 A clamp for shaft workpiece machining, comprising a chuck 1 and a clamping jaw 11 for clamping a shaft workpiece 2; Further comprising a follow-up block 111, a transmission unit 12 and a locking unit 13; The follow-up block 111 is arranged on one side of the clamping jaw 11 and penetrates the chuck 1 along the axial direction of the chuck 1; The transmission unit 12 is arranged on the side of the chuck 1 away from the clamping jaw 11 and connected with the follow-up block 111, the transmission unit 12 comprises a limiting block 121 moving along the axial direction of the chuck 1, a limiting groove 122 is formed on the limiting block 121, the extending direction of the limiting groove 122 has an angle with the vertical direction, one side of the follow-up block 111 extends into the limiting groove 122 and moves in the limiting groove 122 along the extending direction of the limiting groove 122; The locking unit 13 is arranged on one side of the limiting block 121, the locking unit 13 is used for locking the limiting block 121, the locking unit 13 comprises an extrusion rod 131 and a pressure sensor 132, the extrusion rod 131 is arranged on the side of the limiting block 121 away from the chuck 1 along the moving direction of the limiting block 121, the pressure sensor 132 is arranged on the end of the limiting block 121 towards the extrusion rod 131 and is used for detecting the pressure value when the extrusion rod 131 extrudes the limiting block 121.

[0032] In the prior art, when machining the shaft workpiece 2, the chuck 1 with multiple clamping jaws 11 is mainly used to clamp the shaft workpiece 2, so that the axis of the shaft workpiece 2 is collinear with the axis of the chuck 1. After clamping, the clamping jaw 11 needs to be locked, and the existing locking method is usually hydraulic locking or mechanical locking, but the force during locking cannot be determined. Different shaft workpieces 2 are different in material, so that when the clamping jaw 11 clamps different shaft workpieces 2 with the same force, the surface of the shaft workpiece 2 after machining will also appear different. If the material of the shaft workpiece 2 is soft, the clamping force of the clamping jaw 11 should be correspondingly reduced, otherwise the clamping of the clamping jaw 11 on the shaft workpiece 2 will cause indentation on the surface of the shaft workpiece 2; if the material of the shaft workpiece 2 is hard, the clamping force of the clamping jaw 11 should be correspondingly increased to improve the stability of the clamping jaw 11 during clamping. The prior art all takes the stability during clamping as the priority condition, that is, when clamping the shaft workpiece 2, the clamping jaw 11 exerts a large clamping force on the shaft workpiece 2 to ensure the stability of the clamping jaw 11 during clamping the shaft workpiece 2, but it will cause indentation on the surface of the shaft workpiece 2 with soft material.

[0033] In order to avoid the above situation, the existing clamp is optimized and designed, so that the clamp can exert different clamping forces on shaft workpieces 2 with different materials, and under the condition of ensuring clamping stability, reduce the damage to the shaft workpiece 2 during clamping. The specific structure and working process of the present application are as follows: The pressure sensor 132 in the clamp is provided with a processor on one side, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 132 is fed back to the processor in real time. In use, the material of the shaft workpiece 2 is first input into the processor, and the processor selects the corresponding rated clamping force according to the material of the shaft workpiece 2. Then, the shaft workpiece 2 is placed horizontally between all the clamping jaws 11, so that the clamping jaws 11 move under the action of hydraulic pressure, and all the clamping jaws 11 provided on the chuck 1 are synchronized to move towards the center of the chuck 1 and finally clamp the shaft workpiece 2. After clamping, the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 is in an open passage state, that is, at this time, when the clamping jaw 11 is subjected to external force, the clamping jaw 11 can move freely in the radial direction of the chuck 1. In addition, in the process of moving the clamping jaw 11, the follower 111 moves synchronously with the clamping jaw 11, and the follower 111 can react on the limiting block 121 through the limiting groove 122. That is, when the clamping jaw 11 is driven by hydraulic pressure, the limiting block 121 can be driven to move together with the follower 111. Here, the state of the limiting block 121 being driven by the clamping jaw 11 is called passive state. When the limiting block 121 is in the passive state, the extrusion rod 131 moves together with the limiting block 121, and the pressure sensor 132 is not extruded, so the pressure sensor 132 cannot detect the pressure value. After the clamping jaw 11 completes the clamping of the shaft workpiece 2, the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 is switched to an open passage state, the extrusion rod 131 moves towards the limiting block 121 and extrudes the pressure sensor 132. Since the limiting groove 122 provided on the limiting block 121 is in an inclined state, when the extrusion rod 131 extrudes the limiting block 121, the limiting block 121 pushes the follower 111 through the limiting groove 122, so that the clamping jaw 11 further clamps the shaft workpiece 2. At this time, the pressure sensor 132 can detect that the pressure value is rising, and when the pressure value reaches the rated clamping force, the extrusion rod 131 stops extruding and remains in the current state. Then, the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 to move is switched to a self-locking state, realizing the effect of double locking of mechanical and hydraulic pressure. By setting the redundant locking structure, the probability of loosening of the clamping jaw 11 when clamping the shaft workpiece 2 is reduced. At the same time, the pressure sensor 132 detects the clamping force of the shaft workpiece 2 in real time, so that when different materials of the shaft workpiece 2 are machined, neither loosening nor indentation occurs due to excessive clamping force.

[0034] By setting the key components such as the follow-up block 111, the transmission unit 12 containing the limiting groove 122 limiting the block 121, and the locking unit 13 composed of the extrusion rod 131 and the pressure sensor 132, the shaft workpiece 2 machining clamp realizes intelligent adaptive clamping of shaft workpieces 2 of different materials: after the clamping jaw 11 preliminarily clamps the shaft workpiece 2 under the action of hydraulic drive, the follow-up block 111 moves synchronously with the clamping jaw 11 and drives the limiting block 121 to displace through the limiting groove 122, at this time the extrusion rod 131 moves synchronously but does not press; when the hydraulic pipeline is switched to an open passage state, the extrusion rod 131 actively advances and presses the pressure sensor 132, the clamping jaw 11 is clamped to the shaft workpiece 2 again through the mechanical transmission of the limiting groove 122, and the pressure sensor 132 feeds back the clamping force data to the processor in real time, when the detection value reaches the preset rated clamping force matched with the material of the shaft workpiece 2, the system immediately stops extrusion and switches the hydraulic pipeline to a self-locking state, forming a mechanical-hydraulic double-redundancy locking structure. It not only ensures the clamping stability of hard shaft workpieces 2 during machining, but also avoids surface damage of soft shaft workpieces 2 due to overpressure, and the double-locking mechanism greatly reduces the clamping loosening rate, significantly improves the yield rate of shaft part machining and equipment reliability.

[0035] With reference to Figure 7 : A first roller 1111 is rotatably sleeved on the part of the follow-up block 111 extending into the limiting groove 122, and the first roller 1111 is in rolling contact with the side wall of the limiting groove 122.

[0036] By setting the first roller 1111, the follow-up block 111 contacts the limiting groove 122 through the first roller 1111, avoiding direct contact between the follow-up block 111 and the limiting groove 122, which can reduce the wear between the follow-up block 111 and the limiting groove 122 when the limiting block 121 applies pressure to the follow-up block 111 through the limiting groove 122.

[0037] With reference to Figures 2-7 : The locking unit 13 further includes a pushing unit 133 for pushing the extrusion rod 131 to move, and the pushing unit 133 includes a fixed plate 1331, a lead screw 1332, a push plate 1333, and a tooth ring 1334. The fixed plate 1331 is arranged on the side of the chuck 1 away from the clamping jaw and is always in a stationary state; The lead screw 1332 penetrates the fixed plate 1331 along the axis of the chuck 1 and can move along the axis direction of the chuck 1; The push plate 1333 is fixedly arranged on the end of the lead screw 1332 toward the chuck 1 along the axis of the lead screw 1332; The tooth ring 1334 is sleeved on the periphery of the lead screw 1332 and is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw 1332.

[0038] The pushing unit 133 further comprises a gear 1335 and a rotary driver 1336, the gear 1335 is rotationally arranged at one side of the tooth ring 1334, the rotary driver 1336 is arranged at the end of the gear 1335 and is used to drive the gear 1335 to rotate, and the rotary driver 1336 is preferably a servo motor. The screw rod 1332 can only rotate along the axis direction of the chuck 1, and the screw rod 1332 cannot rotate around its own axis, and the specific structure for limiting the rotation of the screw rod 1332 will be described below. After the tooth ring 1334 is rotated under the driving of the rotary driver 1336 and the gear 1335, the screw rod 1332 drives the push plate 1333 to move towards the extrusion rod 131.

[0039] With reference to Figure 8 The locking unit 13 further comprises a synchronization plate 134, the synchronization plate 134 is fixedly connected with the ends of all the extrusion rods 131, and the push plate 1333 extrudes the extrusion rods 131 through the synchronization plate 134.

[0040] When the clamping jaw 11 clamps the shaft workpiece 2 under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the screw rod 1332 in the pushing unit 133 pushes the push plate 1333 towards the synchronization plate 134, and the push plate 1333 is in contact with the synchronization plate 134, the pushing force generated by the push plate 1333 is evenly distributed to each extrusion rod 131 through the synchronization plate 134, so that each extrusion rod 131 moves synchronously. When the machining is completed, the screw rod 1332 in the pushing unit 133 first drives the push plate 1333 to retreat, and the push plate 1333 is separated from the synchronization plate 134 after retreating, and the locking unit 13 is unlocked at this time, and then the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 to move is started and drives the clamping jaw 11 to separate.

[0041] With reference to Figure 8 The synchronization plate 134 has a ring structure, a plurality of second rollers 1341 are arranged on the synchronization plate 134 and can rotate along the axis of the synchronization plate 134, and the second rollers 1341 are arranged around the axis of the synchronization plate 134.

[0042] During the locking process of the locking unit 13 on the clamping jaw 11, the push plate 1333 needs to continuously generate a pushing force on the synchronization plate 134, so that the clamping force of the clamping jaw 11 on the shaft workpiece 2 continuously rises. After clamping is completed, the chuck 1 drives the shaft workpiece 2 to rotate, causing the synchronization plate 134 to rotate under the driving of the extrusion rod 131, and further causing the end surfaces of the push plate 1333 and the synchronization plate 134 to rub against each other. In order to reduce the friction, the second rollers 1341 are arranged on the synchronization plate 134, thereby reducing the wear of the synchronization plate 134 and the push plate 1333.

[0043] With reference to Figure 8 A gasket 135 is arranged between the extrusion rod 131 and the pressure sensor 132.

[0044] By setting the gasket 135, the extrusion rod 131 is prevented from directly contacting the pressure sensor 132, and the gasket 135 protects the pressure sensor 132.

[0045] With reference to Figure 6 The pushing unit 133 further comprises a guide rod 1337 and a guide sleeve 1338. The guide rod 1337 is fixedly arranged on the pushing plate 1333 in parallel with the axis of the chuck 1. The guide sleeve 1338 is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate 1331 in the extension direction of the guide rod 1337, and the guide sleeve 1338 is in sliding fit with the guide rod 1337.

[0046] The axis of the guide rod 1337 is not collinear with the axis of the chuck 1. Through the guidance of the guide rod 1337 and the guide sleeve 1338, it is ensured that the lead screw 1332 does not self-rotate when the gear ring 1334 rotates, and the lead screw 1332 can only move along the axis direction of the chuck 1.

[0047] With reference to Figure 11 A clamping pad 112 made of rubber is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw 11.

[0048] By arranging the clamping pad 112 on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw 11, the clamping jaw 11 indirectly clamps the shaft workpiece 2 by means of the clamping pad 112, avoiding damage to the surface of the shaft workpiece 2 when the clamping jaw 11 directly clamps the shaft workpiece 2. Furthermore, the clamping pad 112 is used to clamp the shaft workpiece 2, and when the clamping jaw 11 exerts a clamping force on the shaft workpiece 2, the clamping pad 112 can deform after being stressed, the contact area between the clamping pad 112 and the shaft workpiece 2 increases, and the stability of clamping is improved.

[0049] With reference to Figure 11 A plurality of grooves 113 are arranged on the end face of the clamping pad 112 in contact with the shaft workpiece 2, and the grooves 113 are arranged in an array.

[0050] By arranging a plurality of grooves 113 on the clamping pad 112, the friction coefficient between the shaft workpiece 2 and the clamping pad 112 is improved, and the stability of clamping the shaft workpiece 2 is further improved.

[0051] With reference to Figure 9 A clamping groove is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw 11, the clamping pad 112 is clamped and matched with the clamping groove, and the clamping pad 112 is fixed by a screw.

[0052] By arranging the clamping groove on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw 11 and tightening the clamping pad 112 in the clamping groove by means of the screw, the subsequent replacement of the clamping pad 112 is facilitated.

[0053] Working principle: in use, first, the material of the shaft workpiece 2 is input into the processor, the processor selects the corresponding rated clamping force according to the material of the shaft workpiece 2, then the shaft workpiece 2 is placed horizontally between all the clamping jaws 11, so that the clamping jaws 11 move under the action of hydraulic pressure, all the clamping jaws 11 on the chuck 1 are synchronized to move towards the center of the chuck 1 and finally clamp the shaft workpiece 2, after clamping, the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 is in an open passage state, that is, at this time, when the clamping jaw 11 is subjected to external force, the clamping jaw 11 can move freely along the radial direction of the chuck 1. In addition, during the movement of the clamping jaw 11, the follower block 111 moves synchronously with the clamping jaw 11, and the follower block 111 can react on the limiting block 121 through the limiting groove 122. That is, when the clamping jaw 11 is driven by hydraulic pressure, the limiting block 121 can be driven to move together with the follower block 111, and this state is called passive state, when the limiting block 121 is in passive state, the extrusion rod 131 moves together with the limiting block 121, and the pressure sensor 132 is not extruded, so the pressure sensor 132 cannot detect the pressure value. After the clamping jaw 11 completes the clamping of the shaft workpiece 2, the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 is switched to an open passage state, the extrusion rod 131 moves towards the limiting block 121 and extrudes the pressure sensor 132, because the limiting groove 122 arranged on the limiting block 121 is in an inclined state, when the extrusion rod 131 extrudes the limiting block 121, the limiting block 121 pushes the follower block 111 through the limiting groove 122, so that the clamping jaw 11 further clamps the shaft workpiece 2, at this time, the pressure sensor 132 can detect that the pressure value is rising, when the pressure value rises to the rated clamping force, the extrusion rod 131 stops extruding and keeps the current state, then the hydraulic pipeline for driving the clamping jaw 11 to move is switched to a self-locking state, realizing the effect of mechanical and hydraulic double locking, through the setting of the redundant locking structure, the probability of clamping loosening when the clamping jaw 11 clamps the shaft workpiece 2 is reduced.

[0054] The above embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A chuck (1) and a clamping jaw (11) for clamping a shaft workpiece (2) are provided. characterized in that Further comprising a follower block (111), a transmission unit (12) and a locking unit (13). The follower block (111) is arranged on one side of the clamping jaw (11) and penetrates the chuck (1) along the axis direction of the chuck (1). The transmission unit (12) is arranged on the side of the chuck (1) away from the clamping jaw (11) and connected with the follower block (111), the transmission unit (12) comprises a limiting block (121) moving along the axis direction of the chuck (1), a limiting slot (122) is arranged on the limiting block (121), the extending direction of the limiting slot (122) has an angle with the vertical direction, one side of the follower block (111) extends into the limiting slot (122) and moves in the limiting slot (122) along the extending direction of the limiting slot (122). The locking unit (13) is arranged on one side of the limiting block (121), the locking unit (13) is used for locking the limiting block (121), the locking unit (13) comprises a pressing rod (131) and a pressure sensor (132), the pressing rod (131) is arranged on the side of the limiting block (121) away from the chuck (1) along the moving direction of the limiting block (121), the pressure sensor (132) is arranged on the end of the limiting block (121) towards the pressing rod (131) and is used for detecting the pressure value when the pressing rod (131) presses the limiting block (121).

2. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 1, characterized by A first roller (1111) is rotatably arranged on the part of the follower block (111) extending into the limiting slot (122), the first roller (1111) is in rolling contact with the side wall of the limiting slot (122).

3. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 1, characterized by The locking unit (13) further comprises a pushing unit (133) for pushing the pressing rod (131) to move, the pushing unit (133) comprises a fixed plate (1331), a lead screw (1332), a push plate (1333) and a gear ring (1334). The fixed plate (1331) is arranged on the side of the chuck (1) away from the clamping jaw and is always in a stationary state. The lead screw (1332) penetrates the fixed plate (1331) along the axis of the chuck (1) and can move along the axis direction of the chuck (1). The push plate (1333) is fixedly arranged on the end of the lead screw (1332) towards the chuck (1) along the axis of the lead screw (1332). The gear ring (1334) is sleeved on the periphery of the lead screw (1332) and is in screw thread cooperation with the lead screw (1332).

4. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 3, characterized by The locking unit (13) further comprises a synchronization plate (134), the synchronization plate (134) is fixedly connected with the ends of all the pressing rods (131), the push plate (1333) pushes the pressing rods (131) through the synchronization plate (134).

5. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 4, characterized by The synchronization plate (134) is in an annular structure, a plurality of second rollers (1341) rotating along the axis of the synchronization plate (134) are arranged on the synchronization plate (134), and the second rollers (1341) are arranged around the axis of the synchronization plate (134).

6. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 1, wherein A gasket (135) is arranged between the pressing rod (131) and the pressure sensor (132).

7. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 3, characterized by The pushing unit (133) further comprises a guide rod (1337) and a guide sleeve (1338); The guide rod (1337) is fixedly arranged on the pushing plate (1333) in parallel with the axis of the chuck (1); The guide sleeve (1338) is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate (1331) along the extension direction of the guide rod (1337), and the guide sleeve (1338) is in sliding fit with the guide rod (1337).

8. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 1, characterized by A clamping pad (112) is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw (11), and the clamping pad (112) is made of rubber material.

9. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 8, wherein A plurality of grooves (113) are arranged on the end face of the clamping pad (112) in contact with the shaft workpiece (2), and the grooves (113) are arranged in an array.

10. The shaft workpiece machining jig according to claim 8, wherein A clamping groove is arranged on the clamping end face of the clamping jaw (11), the clamping pad (112) is clamped and matched with the clamping groove, and the clamping pad (112) is fixed by a screw.

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