Submicron single-point diamond lathe

Abstract

The submicron single-point diamond lathe comprises a lathe body, a first horizontal moving assembly, a main shaft component, a second horizontal moving assembly, a tool rest component and a machine shell, the first horizontal moving assembly comprises a first base, a first servo motor and a first ball screw, and the first base is arranged on the lathe body; the first horizontal moving assembly comprises a first base, a second servo motor and a second ball screw, a first servo motor and a first ball screw connected with the first servo motor are installed on the first base, the main shaft component is installed on the first ball screw and used for containing a workpiece to be machined, and the second horizontal moving assembly comprises a second base, a second servo motor and a second ball screw; a second servo motor and a second ball screw connected with the second servo motor are installed on the second base, the tool rest component is installed on the second ball screw and used for machining workpieces on the vacuum suction cup, the machine shell is installed on the lathe bed, and an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist box and a constant temperature machine are arranged in the machine shell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of precision machining, and in particular to a sub-micron single-point diamond lathe. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the demand for various machine tools is increasing, and the precision requirement for machine tools is also increasing.

[0003] In the related art, most of the lathes are driven by the mass center of the linear motor in cooperation with the guide rail, and the rigidity is low, and an additional support structure is needed to cope with the lateral force, so it is only suitable for light to medium load, the initial investment is high, and the cost and technical threshold are high.

[0004] At the same time, in the related art, the dynamic response matching of the guide rail, the linear motor combination and the spindle in the existing lathe is poor. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a sub-micron single-point diamond lathe with high rigidity and low vibration.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present application proposes a sub-micron single-point diamond lathe.

[0007] The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a lathe bed, a first horizontal moving assembly, a spindle component, a second horizontal moving assembly, a tool holder component and a machine shell, the first horizontal moving assembly comprises a first base, a first servo motor and a first ball screw, the first base is arranged on the lathe bed, the first base is provided with the first servo motor and the first ball screw connected with the first servo motor; the spindle component is installed on the first ball screw, the spindle component has a vacuum chuck for placing a workpiece to be machined; the second horizontal moving assembly comprises a second base, a second servo motor and a second ball screw, the second base is arranged on the lathe bed, the second base is provided with the second servo motor and the second ball screw connected with the second servo motor, and the extension directions of the second ball screw and the first ball screw are orthogonal in the horizontal plane; the tool holder component is installed on the second ball screw, the tool holder component has a tool for machining the workpiece on the vacuum chuck; the machine shell is installed on the lathe bed, and the machine shell is provided with an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist tank and a constant temperature machine.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly further comprises a first sliding plate, a first nut seat, a first screw nut and a first coupling; the first servo motor is connected with the first ball screw through the first coupling, the first screw nut is installed on the first ball screw, the first nut seat is installed on the first screw nut, the first sliding plate is installed on the first nut seat, and the main shaft component is arranged on the first sliding plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly further comprises two first linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on two sides of the first ball screw, and the first sliding plate is connected with the first linear guides through a sliding block.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises a second sliding plate, a second nut seat, a second screw nut and a second coupling; the second servo motor is connected with the second ball screw through the second coupling, the second screw nut is installed on the second ball screw, the second nut seat is installed on the second screw nut, the second sliding plate is installed on the second nut seat, and the tool holder component is arranged on the second sliding plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises two second linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on two sides of the second ball screw, and the second sliding plate is connected with the second linear guides through a sliding block.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises spring steel sheets, screw nut connecting plates and screw nut supports; the screw nut supports are arranged above the second ball screw, the screw nut connecting plates are arranged in the screw nut supports, and the spring steel sheets are installed on the screw nut connecting plates.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tool holder component comprises a tool holder seat, a tool holder column, a tool holder and a tool pressing block; the tool holder seat is installed on the second ball screw, the tool holder column is arranged on the tool holder seat, the tool holder is arranged in front of the tool holder column, and the tool pressing block is installed on the tool holder.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tool holder component further comprises a tool holder sliding plate, a pressing plate, an adjusting plate and a tool holder adjusting bolt; a jack screw is arranged in the tool holder column, the pressing plate is arranged on the top of the tool holder column, the adjusting plate is arranged on the pressing plate, the tool holder sliding plate is arranged in front of the tool holder column, the tool holder adjusting bolt is arranged between the adjusting plate and the tool holder sliding plate, and the position of the tool holder sliding plate is adjusted by the tool holder adjusting bolt, and the tool holder is arranged in front of the tool holder sliding plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the tool holder component further comprises a tool pressing block and a pressing cover; the tool pressing block is arranged on the tool holder, and is used for pressing the tool; the pressing cover is arranged on the tool pressing block.

[0016] It should be understood that the general description above and the following detailed description below are only exemplary and explanatory, rather than limiting the present disclosure. Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a first horizontal moving assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 is a sectional view of a second horizontal moving assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a lead screw female support according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 is a sectional view of a lead screw female support according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 is a perspective view of a tool holder component according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] REFERENCE SIGNS: Sub-micron single-point diamond lathe 100, bed 101.

[0025] First horizontal moving assembly 10, first base 11, first servo motor 12, first ball screw 13, first sliding plate 14, first nut seat 15, first lead screw nut 16, first coupling 17, first linear guide rail 18, spindle component 20, vacuum chuck 21.

[0026] Second horizontal moving assembly 30, second base 31, second servo motor 32, second ball screw 33, second sliding plate 34, second nut seat 35, second screw nut 36, second coupling 37, second linear guide rail 38, spring steel sheet 53, screw nut connecting plate 52, screw nut support 51.

[0027] Tool rest component 40, tool 41, tool rest seat 42, tool rest column 43, tool holder 44, tool holder pressing block 45, pressing cover 46, tool rest sliding plate 47, pressing plate 48, adjusting plate 49, tool rest adjusting bolt 491. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with specific embodiments below, but those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that, in order to solve the problems in the background art and improve the machining production efficiency and the machining and detection accuracy, the present application aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems to some extent. Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a submicron single-point diamond lathe, which can solve the defects of the existing most ordinary lathes, such as insufficient accuracy, poor stability, and single type of machining products.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-6 The submicron single-point diamond lathe 100 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a lathe bed 101, a first horizontal moving assembly 10, a main shaft component 20, a second horizontal moving assembly 30, a tool rest component 40, and a machine shell (not shown).

[0031] The first horizontal moving assembly 10 includes a first base 11, a first servo motor 12, and a first ball screw 13. The first base 11 is arranged on the lathe bed 101, and the first servo motor 12 and the first ball screw 13 connected with the first servo motor 12 are installed on the first base 11. The main shaft component 20 is installed on the first ball screw 13, and the main shaft component 20 has a vacuum chuck 21 for placing a workpiece to be machined.

[0032] The second horizontal moving assembly 30 includes a second base 31, a second servo motor 32, and a second ball screw 33. The second base 31 is arranged on the lathe bed 101, and the second servo motor 32 and the second ball screw 33 connected with the second servo motor 32 are installed on the second base 31. The extending direction of the second ball screw 33 is orthogonal to the extending direction of the first ball screw 13 in the horizontal plane.

[0033] The tool holder component 40 is installed on the second ball screw 33, and a tool 41 is arranged on the tool holder component 40 for machining a workpiece on the vacuum chuck 21. A machine housing is installed on the machine bed 101, and the machine housing is provided with an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist box and a constant temperature machine.

[0034] It can be understood that the natural granite is used as the machine bed 101 in the present application, which is machined and ground by hand. The natural granite has the advantages of uniform texture, good stability, large strength, high hardness, high precision under heavy load and general temperature, rust resistance, acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance, non-magnetization and non-deformation.

[0035] It should be noted that the main shaft component 20 in the present application is an air static pressure main shaft, which has the characteristics of high rotation accuracy and low friction coefficient, and the rotation accuracy is less than 0.1 μm.

[0036] Preferably, the main shaft component 20 is installed with a built-in main shaft motor and a high-precision position feedback encoder, which eliminates the error of the transmission chain. It can work stably at high speed and maintain good precision stability. At the same time, the vacuum chuck 21 can ensure the installation and positioning accuracy of the workpiece, and can solve the technical problem that the parts cannot be flexibly, conveniently and quickly clamped when the sizes of the disc parts are different.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly 10 further comprises a first slide plate 14, a first nut seat 15, a first screw nut 16 and a first coupling 17. The first servo motor 12 is connected with the first ball screw 13 through the first coupling 17, the first screw nut 16 is installed on the first ball screw 13, the first nut seat 15 is installed on the first screw nut 16, the first slide plate 14 is installed on the first nut seat 15, and the main shaft component 20 is arranged on the first slide plate 14.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly 10 further comprises two first linear guides 18, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first ball screw 13, and the first slide plate 14 is connected with the first linear guides 18 through a sliding block.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly 30 further comprises a second slide plate 34, a second nut seat 35, a second screw nut 36 and a second coupling 37. The second servo motor 32 is connected with the second ball screw 33 through the second coupling 37, the second screw nut 36 is installed on the second ball screw 33, the second nut seat 35 is installed on the second screw nut 36, the second slide plate 34 is installed on the second nut seat 35, and the tool holder component 40 is arranged on the second slide plate 34.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly 30 further comprises two second linear guides 38, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second ball screw 33, and the second slide plate 34 is connected to the second linear guides 38 through sliding blocks.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly 30 further comprises spring steel sheets 53, screw nut connecting plates 52 and screw nut supports 51. The screw nut supports 51 are arranged above the second ball screw 33, the screw nut connecting plates 52 are arranged in the screw nut supports 51, and the spring steel sheets 53 are installed on the screw nut connecting plates 52.

[0042] It can be understood that, due to the radial swing of the second ball screw 33 during rotation, the conventional screw nut fixing structure will transmit the swing to the second slide plate 34 and the tool holder component 40, so that periodic lines are generated on the surface of the machined part.

[0043] Therefore, the present application absorbs the horizontal radial swing of the second ball screw 33 during rotation through the spring steel sheets 53 without reducing the axial stiffness, so as to ensure the straightness of movement and improve the precision and stability of the equipment during machining.

[0044] In the present application, the screw nut supports 51 form a stable support system with the transverse platform, which has space utilization and structural rigidity. The reasonable layout of the screw nut supports 51, the spring steel sheets 53 and the screw nut connecting plates 52 optimizes the force flow transmission path, absorbs high-frequency vibration energy through the hysteresis effect, is particularly suitable for instantaneous impact in screw transmission, ensures the overall stiffness, conforms to the principle of topological optimization, and finds the most appropriate elastic deformation structure through multiple precise finite element analysis optimization, so as to achieve the optimal damping effect under the premise of ensuring the precision. In some embodiments, the tool holder component 40 comprises a tool holder seat 42, a tool holder column 43, a tool holder bracket 44 and a tool pressing block 45. The tool holder seat 42 is installed on the second ball screw 33, the tool holder column 43 is arranged on the tool holder seat 42, the tool holder bracket 44 is arranged in front of the tool holder column 43, and the tool 41 is installed on the tool holder bracket 44.

[0045] In some embodiments, the tool holder component 40 further comprises a tool holder slide plate 47, a pressing plate 48, an adjusting plate 49 and a tool holder adjusting bolt 491. A set screw is arranged in the tool holder column 43, the pressing plate 48 is arranged on the top of the tool holder column 43, the adjusting plate 49 is arranged on the pressing plate 48, the tool holder slide plate 47 is arranged in front of the tool holder column 43, the tool holder adjusting bolt 491 is arranged between the adjusting plate 49 and the tool holder slide plate 47, which is used for adjusting the position of the tool holder slide plate 47, and the tool holder bracket 44 is arranged in front of the tool holder slide plate 47.

[0046] In some embodiments, the tool rest component 40 further comprises a pressure block 45 and a pressure cover 46. The pressure block 45 is arranged on the tool holder 44 and is used to press the tool 41. The pressure cover 46 is arranged on the pressure block 45.

[0047] It can be understood that the tool rest component 40 has coarse adjustment, fine adjustment and main deflection angle adjustment functions. The main deflection angle of the tool 41 can be adjusted by the cooperation of the pressure block 45 and the pressure cover 46. The center height coarse adjustment can be achieved by the cooperation of the adjusting plate 49 and the tool holder 44, and the adjustment range is ±10mm. The fine adjustment can be achieved by the cooperation of the tool rest column 43, the pressure plate 48, the adjusting plate 49 and the tool rest adjusting bolt 491, and the adjustment range is ±2.5mm. Most parts of the tool rest component 40 are made of high-strength steel, and the comprehensive performance is improved through certain heat treatment.

[0048] According to one specific embodiment of the present application, the following is provided: The spindle component 20 is placed on the first horizontal moving assembly 10, and the tool rest component 40 is placed on the second horizontal moving assembly 30. The machine tool uses atomized cutting fluid for cooling and lubricating the cutting tool. The oil mist box is placed at the right rear of the machine tool. The output cutting fluid and compressed air are atomized at the nozzle and then blown to the turning tool through the pipeline, so as to achieve the effect of cooling and lubrication.

[0049] The high-pressure air generated by the compressor is connected to the machine tool after preliminary filtration and drying, and then passes through the condensing drying box and the fine filter provided in the machine tool to become dry and clean high-pressure air, which is mainly supplied to the air static pressure spindle and the vacuum chuck.

[0050] The present application ensures high precision and high stability of the machine tool, and can solve the defects of insufficient precision, poor stability and single processing type of most existing ordinary lathes. The high-precision precision adjusting tool rest can be used to process various high-precision planes, spherical surfaces, aspherical surfaces and other elements. It can process copper, aluminum, nickel-plated, single-crystal germanium, sulfur glass, zinc selenide, resin, PMMA and other materials. It can ensure the installation and positioning accuracy of the workpiece, and can solve the technical problem that the parts cannot be flexibly, conveniently and quickly clamped when the sizes of the disc parts are different.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", or the like are used merely to describe corresponding features, and do not imply or create a relative importance of one feature over another. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.

[0053] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connection", "fixed", and the like are used broadly and exemplarily, and can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication with each other; can be direct connection, or indirect connection via an intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements, or interaction between two elements, unless specifically defined otherwise. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over", and "on" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "under", and "under" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0055] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of different embodiments or examples can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sub-micron single-point diamond lathe characterized by, It includes: bed; The first horizontal moving assembly includes a first base, a first servo motor and a first ball screw, the first base is arranged on the bed, the first base is provided with the first servo motor and the first ball screw connected with the first servo motor; The main shaft component is installed on the first ball screw, and the main shaft component has a vacuum chuck for placing a workpiece to be processed; The second horizontal moving assembly includes a second base, a second servo motor and a second ball screw, the second base is arranged on the bed, the second base is provided with the second servo motor and the second ball screw connected with the second servo motor, and the extension direction of the second ball screw is orthogonal to the first ball screw in the horizontal plane; The tool holder component is installed on the second ball screw, and the tool holder component has a tool for processing the workpiece on the vacuum chuck; The machine shell is installed on the bed, and the machine shell is provided with an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist box and a constant temperature machine.

2. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, wherein the first horizontal moving assembly further comprises a first slide plate, a first nut seat, a first screw nut and a first coupling; The first servo motor is connected with the first ball screw through the first coupling, the first screw nut is installed on the first ball screw, the first nut seat is installed on the first screw nut, the first slide plate is installed on the first nut seat, and the first slide plate is provided with the main shaft component.

3. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 2, wherein the first horizontal moving assembly further comprises two first linear guides, the two first linear guides are arranged on both sides of the first ball screw in parallel, and the first slide plate is connected with the first linear guides through a sliding block.

4. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, wherein the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises a second slide plate, a second nut seat, a second screw nut and a second coupling; The second servo motor is connected with the second ball screw through the second coupling, the second screw nut is installed on the second ball screw, the second nut seat is installed on the second screw nut, the second slide plate is installed on the second nut seat, and the second slide plate is provided with the tool holder component.

5. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 4, wherein the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises two second linear guides, the two second linear guides are arranged on both sides of the second ball screw in parallel, and the second slide plate is connected with the second linear guides through a sliding block.

6. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 5, wherein the second horizontal moving assembly further comprises a spring steel sheet, a screw nut connecting plate and a screw nut support. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The screw mother support is arranged above the second ball screw, the screw mother support is internally provided with the screw mother connecting plate, and the spring steel sheet is mounted on the screw mother connecting plate.

7. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, wherein, The tool holder component comprises a tool holder seat, a tool holder column, a tool holder support and a tool holder pressing block; The tool holder seat is mounted on the second ball screw, the tool holder seat is provided with the tool holder column, the front of the tool holder column is provided with the tool holder support, and the tool holder support is mounted with the tool.

8. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 7, wherein, The tool holder component further comprises a tool holder sliding plate, a pressing plate, an adjusting plate and a tool holder adjusting bolt; The tool holder column is internally provided with a jam screw, the top of the tool holder column is provided with the pressing plate, the pressing plate is provided with the adjusting plate, the front of the tool holder column is provided with the tool holder sliding plate, the adjusting plate and the tool holder sliding plate are provided with the tool holder adjusting bolt, the tool holder adjusting bolt is used for adjusting the position of the tool holder sliding plate, and the front of the tool holder sliding plate is provided with the tool holder support.

9. The sub-micron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 8, wherein, The tool holder component further comprises a tool holder pressing block and a pressing cover; The tool holder support is provided with the tool holder pressing block, the tool holder pressing block is used for pressing the tool, and the tool holder pressing block is provided with the pressing cover.

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