A casting surface grinding device and grinding method

Abstract

This invention discloses a surface grinding device and method for castings, including a shot blaster. The shot blaster includes a housing and an impeller rotatably disposed within the housing. The impeller has a shot-dividing wheel at its center and a plurality of blades evenly distributed on its outer edge. The housing is fixedly provided with a first feed pipe for injecting large shot particles into the shot-dividing wheel and a second feed pipe movably provided for injecting small shot particles between adjacent blades. The housing is provided with a drive module that drives the second feed pipe to move laterally relative to the center of the impeller. The drive module drives the second feed pipe to shift to change the projection diameter of the small shot particles entering the impeller, thereby changing the initial centrifugal force of the small shot particles. By adjusting the injection radius of the small shot particles, the initial velocity of their centrifugal projection can be directly increased. The ratio of large and small shot particles and the projection speed can be adjusted in conjunction with the process requirements to achieve efficient, precise, and energy-saving surface treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of casting grinding equipment, especially a casting surface grinding device and its grinding method. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment for casting surface treatment, a shot blasting machine high-speed projects metal pellets through a centrifugal shot blasting device to remove the oxide scale, burrs and residual molding sand on the casting surface. The current mainstream process uses mixed particle size pellets for collaborative operation, where large particle size pellets are responsible for efficiently removing macroscopic defects, and small particle size pellets are responsible for surface fine polishing and roughness control.

[0003] However, this process has significant technical bottlenecks: under the condition of the same centrifugal acceleration, due to the small mass and large specific surface area of small particle size pellets, the influence of air resistance is more significant, resulting in a much higher attenuation rate of their exit kinetic energy than that of large particle size pellets, thus leading to the deterioration of the fine polishing effect: the effective impact energy of small pellets is insufficient, and it is difficult to meet the process requirements for fine polishing and grinding of the casting surface;

[0004] To increase the impact energy of small pellets, the existing operation is to increase the rotational speed of the impeller of the shot blasting machine. At this time, another problem will occur, that is, in the case of a high content of large pellets, after the mixed pellets increase the centrifugal speed, too many large pellets will have too much impact on the casting surface, ultimately causing excessive deformation of the casting surface and affecting the appearance and service performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a casting surface grinding device, which can directly increase the initial velocity of its centrifugal projection by adjusting the injection radius of small pellets. Another object of the present invention is to provide a grinding method配套 with this device, which can联动调节 the proportion and projection speed of large and small pellets according to process requirements to achieve efficient, precise and energy-saving surface treatment.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved through the following technical solutions: A casting surface grinding device includes a shot blasting machine, the shot blasting machine includes a housing and an impeller rotatably arranged in the housing, a dosing wheel is arranged at the center of the impeller, and a plurality of blades are evenly arranged on the outer edge;

[0007] A first feed pipe for injecting large pellets into the dosing wheel is fixedly arranged on the housing, and a second feed pipe for injecting small pellets between adjacent blades is movably arranged;

[0008] A driving module for driving the second feed pipe to horizontally move relative to the center of the impeller is arranged on the housing;

[0009] The driving module drives the displacement of the second feed pipe to change the projection diameter of the small pellets entering the impeller, thereby changing the initial centrifugal force of the small pellets' projection.

[0010] It should be noted that there are some inaccuracies in the original Chinese text, such as "联动调节" which is not a standard term and may be a misspelling. I have tried my best to translate it according to the context. Also, "配套 with" and "联动调节" are translated as "配套" and "联动调节" respectively for now as they seem to be specific terms in the original Chinese that might need further clarification for a more accurate translation. If you can provide more context or clarify these terms, the translation can be further improved.In the above scheme, preferably, the first feed pipe is provided with a first feed hole and a first adjusting plate that cooperates therewith, and the second feed pipe is provided with a second feed hole and a second adjusting plate that cooperates therewith;

[0011] The second feed pipe is equipped with an adjusting rod that drives the first adjusting plate to rotate;

[0012] The housing is provided with an adjustment bracket that cooperates with the second adjustment plate.

[0013] In the above scheme, preferably, both the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate are provided with adjusting arms, and the adjusting arms are provided with adjusting grooves that cooperate with adjusting rods or adjusting brackets.

[0014] In the above scheme, preferably, the adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting pin that cooperates with the adjusting groove, and the adjusting bracket is provided with a positioning pin that cooperates with the adjusting groove.

[0015] In the above scheme, preferably, the first adjusting plate includes a first cover plate that cooperates with the first feed hole, and the second adjusting plate includes a second cover plate that cooperates with the second feed hole.

[0016] In the above scheme, preferably, the housing is provided with a feed groove that cooperates with the second feed pipe, and the second feed pipe is provided with a flexible cover that cooperates with the feed groove.

[0017] In the above scheme, preferably, the shot blasting machine includes a motor connected to the impeller, a knob electrically connected to the motor is provided on the first feed pipe, a drive rod is provided on the knob, and a drive groove is provided on the drive rod to cooperate with the adjusting pin.

[0018] In the above scheme, preferably, the shell is provided with a first feed hopper and a second feed hopper respectively connected to the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe, and the second feed pipe is connected to the second feed hopper through a flexible pipe.

[0019] In the above scheme, preferably, the first feed hole is evenly arranged circumferentially inside the first feed pipe, and the second feed hole is evenly arranged circumferentially inside the second feed pipe; the number and size of the first cover plate and the second cover plate are adapted to the first feed hole and the second feed hole.

[0020] In the above scheme, a preferred method for grinding the surface of a casting is as follows:

[0021] S1: Large pellets and small pellets are conveyed through the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe respectively. The large pellets enter the pellet separator in the center of the impeller, and the small pellets enter between adjacent blades.

[0022] S2: As the impeller rotates, large pellets are ejected from the center of the impeller, while small pellets are ejected at a certain distance from the center of the impeller, thereby increasing the centrifugal force of the small pellets.

[0023] S3: The drive module drives the second feed pipe to move relative to the impeller center, thereby changing the distance between the small pellet injection port and the impeller center. At the same time, when the second feed pipe moves, the size of the first feed hole and the second feed hole are adjusted by the first adjustment plate and the second adjustment plate.

[0024] S4: The greater the distance between the second feed pipe and the center of the impeller, the smaller the first feed hole and the larger the second feed hole. That is, the proportion of small pellets is higher and the proportion of large pellets is lower during the ejection. The ejection speed of small pellets is also faster, thereby increasing the number of small pellets ejected and increasing the speed to compensate for the speed decay of small pellets.

[0025] S5: The shot blaster can adjust the size of the shot to achieve fine polishing, rough polishing, and mixed polishing of the casting surface by adjusting the ratio. Different ratios can be adjusted according to the different strengths of the casting to achieve efficient and precise polishing.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention solves the technical bottleneck of the velocity decay of small pellets. By moving the injection point of small pellets from the center of the impeller to between the blades, the centrifugal acceleration radius is directly increased, thereby significantly improving the initial velocity of the projectile, so that the small pellets can truly and effectively participate in the fine projectile.

[0027] At the same time, it realizes intelligent linkage adjustment of pellet ratio and projection speed. While increasing the speed of small pellets, it automatically increases their supply and correspondingly reduces the proportion of large pellets, thus optimizing the impact kinetic energy and impact density, achieving the process objective of synergistic efficiency.

[0028] In addition, it improves the process adaptability of casting grinding, allowing users to steplessly adjust parameters according to the casting material and processing requirements, taking into account various needs such as strong sand removal of cast iron parts and fine polishing of aluminum alloy parts. While achieving efficient and precise processing, it improves the accuracy and efficiency of casting grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first and second feed holes of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the first feed pipe and the first regulating plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: See also Figures 1-7 .

[0037] A surface polishing device for castings includes a shot blaster 1. The shot blaster 1 includes a housing 101 and an impeller 102 rotatably disposed within the housing 101. Specifically, a shot distribution wheel 103 is disposed at the center of the impeller 102. The shot distribution wheel 103 is cylindrical with multiple openings on its wall. A cylindrical sleeve that cooperates with the shot distribution wheel 103 is disposed at the center of the impeller 102. A single outlet is opened on the outer wall of the cylindrical sleeve. Several blades 104 extend outward from the central cylindrical sleeve of the impeller 102. Shot particles entering the shot distribution wheel 103 cooperate with the outlet on the cylindrical sleeve during rotation through the openings on the shot distribution wheel 103, throwing the shot particles out of the outlet and being propelled by the guidance of the blades 104. This is the prior art of the shot blaster 1 and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] The impeller 102 is connected to a motor 6, which is located on the outer wall of the housing 101. The output shaft of the motor 6 is connected to the impeller 102 via a coupling to achieve high-speed drive of the impeller 102.

[0039] The end face of the housing 101 away from the motor 6 is provided with a first feed pipe 2 that cooperates with the shot distribution wheel 103, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first feed pipe 2 is a right-angle bend, and its lower end is concentrically arranged with the shot distributor 103 and connected to the central cavity of the shot distributor 103, as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the other end extends vertically upward to form a straight pipe section. The first feed pipe 2 is used to input large pellets, that is, after the large pellets enter the pellet separator 103, they are launched from the center of the impeller 102.

[0040] A second feed pipe 3 for injecting small pellets is slidably provided on the shell 101, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the second feed pipe 3 is located to the left of the first feed pipe 2. Its sliding direction is to slide laterally from the center of the impeller 102 to the side away from the center of the impeller 102, and to achieve reciprocating motion, thereby adjusting the position of the small pellets input by the first feed pipe 3 relative to the center of the impeller 102.

[0041] The small pellets injected into the second feed pipe 3 are located between adjacent blades 104. The injected small pellets are transported by the rotation of the blades 104 and are projected at the discharge port of the housing 101. According to the centrifugal force formula: F=m·ω2·r, the greater the distance between the injection position of the small pellets and the center of the impeller 102 (i.e., the larger r is), the greater the centrifugal force of the small pellets, thereby compensating for the velocity attenuation of the small pellets during projection.

[0042] The housing 101 is provided with a feed groove 107 that cooperates with the second feed pipe 3. The port of the second feed pipe 3 that cooperates with the housing 101 is provided with a flexible cover 108 that cooperates with the feed groove 107. The flexible cover 108 can be made of a gusset or wear-resistant canvas or other stretchable materials. Its two ends are fixed to the two ends of the feed groove 107, and a hole is opened in the middle to cooperate with the second feed pipe 3. The housing 101 is fixed with a drive module 4 that drives the second feed pipe 3 to move laterally relative to the center of the impeller 102. The drive module 4 is a linear module. The slider on it is provided with a connecting plate that cooperates with the second feed pipe 3. The straight part of the second feed pipe 3 is fixed on the connecting plate. The slider drives the connecting plate to move laterally, thereby changing the position of the second feed pipe 3.

[0043] The first feed pipe 2 and the second feed pipe 3 have the same shape and the same inner diameter. The straight sections of their ends are respectively provided with a plurality of first feed holes 201 and second feed holes 301. The first feed holes 201 and second feed holes 301 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the first feed pipe 2 and the second feed pipe 3. In this embodiment, [the number of holes is not specified]. Figure 6 For example, there are 3 feed holes. The first feed pipe 2 is provided with a first adjusting plate 202 that rotates with the first feed hole 201, and the second feed pipe 3 is provided with a second adjusting plate 302 that rotates with the second feed hole 301.

[0044] The first adjusting plate 202 includes a plurality of first cover plates 203 that cooperate with the first feed hole 201, and the second adjusting plate 302 includes a plurality of second cover plates 305 that cooperate with the second feed hole 301; the first feed hole 201 is evenly arranged circumferentially inside the first feed pipe 2, and the second feed hole 301 is evenly arranged circumferentially inside the second feed pipe 3; the number and size of the first cover plates 203 and the second cover plates 305 are adapted to the first feed hole 201 and the second feed hole 301; that is, three first cover plates 203 and three second cover plates 305 are provided, and they are evenly arranged circumferentially, with gap holes formed between adjacent cover plates that are adapted to the shape of the feed hole, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, after the first cover plate 203 or the second cover plate 305 rotates relative to the first feed hole 201 or the second feed hole 301, the cover plate can gradually cover or open the feed hole, thereby reducing or increasing the number of pellets entering the feed hole.

[0046] In this embodiment, to adjust the shot blasting machine 1 to perform fine or rough polishing on the surface of the casting, and to increase the centrifugal force of the small shot particles during fine polishing to achieve a higher speed for grinding the casting, an adjusting rod 303 is provided on the second feed pipe 3 to drive the first adjusting plate 202 to rotate; the housing 101 is provided with an adjusting bracket 105 that cooperates with the second adjusting plate 302; specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, both the first adjusting plate 202 and the second adjusting plate 302 are provided with adjusting arms 5. The adjusting arms 5 are provided with adjusting grooves 501 that cooperate with adjusting rods 303 or adjusting brackets 105. The adjusting grooves 501 are elongated grooves. One end of the adjusting rod 303 is fixed to the second feed pipe 3, and the other end is provided with an adjusting pin 304 that passes through and cooperates with the adjusting grooves 501 on the first adjusting plate 202. When the second feed pipe 3 moves laterally through the driving module 4, the first adjusting plate 202 can be rotated by pulling the adjusting rod 303 and the adjusting pin 304, thereby adjusting the size of the feed opening of the first feed hole 201.

[0047] The adjusting bracket 105 is fixed with a positioning pin 106 that cooperates with the adjusting groove 501 on the second adjusting plate 302. The positioning pin 106 passes through the adjusting groove 501 on the second adjusting plate 302. When the second feed pipe 3 moves laterally through the driving module 4, the second adjusting plate 302 is positioned by the positioning pin 106, causing the second adjusting plate 302 to rotate relative to the second feed hole 301, thereby adjusting the size of the feed opening of the second feed hole 301.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the second feed pipe 3 slides to the left, that is, away from the center of the impeller 102, the area covered by the first cover plate 203 of the first feed hole 201 increases and the hole size decreases, thereby reducing the number of large pellets entering the pellet separator 103. At the same time, the area covered by the second cover plate 305 of the second feed hole 301 decreases and the hole size increases, thereby increasing the number of small pellets entering between the blades 104. Conversely, when the second feed pipe 3 slides to the right, that is, closer to the center of the impeller 102, the number of large pellets increases and the number of small pellets decreases.

[0049] The first feed pipe 2 is equipped with a knob 7 electrically connected to the motor 6. Specifically, a servo push rod 8 is fixedly mounted on the first feed pipe 2, and a knob 7 is fixedly mounted on the push rod end of the servo push rod 8. The base of the knob 7 is fixed on the push rod end. The rotating rod of the knob rotates downward and passes through the push rod end wall, after which a drive rod 701 is fixedly mounted. The drive rod 701 extends towards one side of the first feed pipe 2, and a drive groove 702 is opened through it. The adjusting pin 304 passes upward through the adjusting groove 501 on the first adjusting plate 202 and continues to extend, synchronously passing through the drive groove 702. Thus, when the adjusting rod 303 moves laterally with the second feed pipe 3 to adjust the feeding ratio of large and small pellets, the knob 7 is synchronously driven to adjust the speed of the motor 6. Specifically, when the second feed pipe 3 slides to the left, that is, slides away from the center of the impeller 102, the drive rod 701 moves along the... Figure 5 As shown, swinging to the left, rotating the control knob 7 increases the speed of the motor 6, thereby increasing the speed of the impeller 104. Conversely, when the second feed pipe 3 slides to the right, that is, slides closer to the center of the impeller 102, the drive rod 701 moves along... Figure 5 As shown, swinging to the right and turning the control knob 7 reduces the speed of motor 6, thereby increasing the speed of impeller 104.

[0050] According to the centrifugal force formula: F=m·ω2·r, the greater the impeller rotational angular velocity (i.e., ω), the greater the centrifugal force. That is, when fine polishing, there are more small particles. At this time, increasing the centrifugal force makes the small particles project quickly, reducing the disadvantage of velocity decay due to mass and improving the fine polishing effect. When rough polishing, there are more large particles. If the dense large shot has a high velocity, it is easy to cause excessive damage to the surface of the casting. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the projection speed.

[0051] The housing 101 is fixed with a first feed hopper 21 and a second feed hopper 31, which are respectively connected to the first feed pipe 2 and the second feed pipe 3. The second feed pipe 3 is connected to the second feed hopper 31 through a flexible pipe 32. Small pellets are added into the second feed hopper 31 for feeding, while large pellets are added into the first feed hopper 21 for feeding.

[0052] To further improve the speed regulation effect of motor 6, when the diameter ratio of large and small pellets is close, the speed regulation effect of knob 7 on motor 6 needs to be reduced, meaning the speed change of motor 6 during the lateral movement of the first feed tube 2 does not need to be too large. Conversely, when the diameter ratio of large and small pellets is large, the speed regulation effect of knob 7 on motor 6 needs to be increased, meaning the speed change of motor 6 needs to be increased during the lateral movement of the first feed tube 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, a detection unit for detecting the ratio between large and small pellets is provided; such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0053] The detection unit includes an electric push rod 9 disposed on the housing 101 and a first receiving hopper 901 and a second receiving hopper 902 disposed at the end of the electric push rod 9. The first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 are fixedly connected by a rotating rod 903. The rotating rod 903 is rotatably disposed at the push rod end of the electric push rod 9. The first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 have the same volume. Initially, that is, when the above-mentioned receiving hoppers are in an empty state, the rotating rod 903 is horizontal with the upper end surface of the housing 101.

[0054] An angle sensor 904 is installed at the rotatable connection between the rotating rod 903 and the electric push rod 9. When the rotating rod 903 tilts to one end, its angle can be measured by the angle sensor 904, and this angle can be transmitted to the servo push rod 8 through the PLC controller. Both the first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 can be equipped with an electric door opening mechanism at their bottoms for easy unloading. In use, the electric push rod 9 is pushed out, placing the first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 above the first feeding hopper 21 and the second feeding hopper 31. At this time, large pellets and small pellets are added to the first feeding hopper 21 and the second feeding hopper 31 respectively. The pellets pass through... When the first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 are filled, according to the relationship between particle size and density, the larger the particle size, the fewer particles can be contained per unit volume. When the diameter of large and small pellets is relatively large, the angle at which the rotating rod 903 tilts towards the second receiving hopper 902 is larger, and vice versa. The larger the rotation angle sensed by the angle sensor 904, the farther the servo push rod 8 pushes the knob 7. At this time, the farther the adjusting pin 304 is from the rotation center of the knob 7, the larger its swing angle is when the adjusting pin 304 is moved laterally for adjustment, that is, the larger the range of motor speed adjustment; conversely, the smaller the range of motor speed adjustment.

[0055] In this embodiment, all of the above-mentioned electrical components can be automatically controlled by a PLC controller, thereby improving the automation level of the device.

[0056] The workflow for using this device is as follows:

[0057] Step 1: Parameter preset and pellet preparation

[0058] Operators pre-set process targets based on the casting material (such as cast iron, aluminum alloy) and surface treatment requirements (rough polishing, fine polishing). Large and small pellets of different sizes are respectively fed into the first feed hopper 21 and the second feed hopper 31 for later use.

[0059] Step 2: Particle size ratio detection and system calibration

[0060] Sampling: Start the electric push rod 9 to move the first receiving hopper 901 and the second receiving hopper 902 above the two feeding hoppers respectively, and collect a fixed amount of pellets during feeding.

[0061] Measurement: Due to the different bulk densities of the pellets of different sizes, the weight of the receiving hopper will vary, causing the rotating rod 903 to tilt. The angle sensor 904 accurately detects this tilt angle.

[0062] Feedback: The angle value (representing the particle size ratio) is transmitted to the control system (such as a PLC). Based on this, the system calculates the required motor speed adjustment sensitivity and instructs the servo push rod 8 to move, adjusting the initial position of the knob 7 (i.e., the drive rod 701) to prepare for subsequent precise linkage adjustment.

[0063] Step 3: Execution of Linkage Adjustment

[0064] The control system sends a command to the drive module 4 according to the preset process target; the drive module 4 drives the second feed pipe 3 to slide laterally along the feed trough 107.

[0065] For fine polishing: the second feed pipe 3 moves away from the center of the impeller 102; for coarse polishing: the second feed pipe 3 moves closer to the center of the impeller 102.

[0066] Pellet ratio linkage adjustment: The movement of the second feed pipe 3 is synchronously adjusted to regulate the feed rate through a mechanical linkage mechanism.

[0067] During fine polishing: The second feed pipe 3 moves to the left, causing the first adjusting plate 202 to rotate via the adjusting rod 303 and adjusting pin 304. The area covered by the first cover plate 203 over the first feed hole 201 increases, reducing the flow rate of large pellets. Simultaneously, the second adjusting plate 302 rotates relative to the second feed pipe 3 under the action of the fixed positioning pin 106, reducing the area covered by the second cover plate 305 over the second feed hole 301, increasing the flow rate of small pellets.

[0068] During coarse polishing: the linkage process is reversed, resulting in an increase in the flow rate of large pellets and a decrease in the flow rate of small pellets.

[0069] When the second feed pipe 3 moves, the adjusting pin 304 slides in the drive groove 702 of the drive rod 701, causing the drive rod 701 to swing, thereby driving the knob 7 to rotate; during fine polishing: the second feed pipe 3 moves to the left, and the rotation signal of the knob 7 causes the speed of the motor 6 to increase, thus comprehensively increasing the angular velocity ω of the impeller 102; during coarse polishing: the second feed pipe 3 moves to the right, and the rotation signal of the knob 7 causes the speed of the motor 6 to decrease.

[0070] Finally, the large shot enters the shot distribution wheel 103 through the first feed pipe 2 and is accelerated and projected from the center of the impeller; the small shot is directly conveyed to a specific radius position between the blades 104 through the second feed pipe 3; during fine polishing, a large number of small shot are accelerated at a larger rotation radius (r) and a higher impeller speed (ω) to obtain extremely high initial velocity, effectively overcoming air resistance and achieving high-intensity fine polishing of the casting surface; in the coarse polishing mode, a large number of large shot are projected from the center at a moderate speed, efficiently removing macroscopic defects on the casting surface with powerful impact force, while avoiding excessive impact damage to the workpiece.

[0071] A grinding method for a casting surface grinding device, the method being as follows:

[0072] S1: Large pellets and small pellets are conveyed through the first feed pipe 2 and the second feed pipe 3 respectively. The large pellets enter the pellet distribution wheel 103 in the center of the impeller 102, and the small pellets enter between adjacent blades 104.

[0073] S2: As the impeller 102 rotates, large pellets are ejected from the center of the impeller 102, while small pellets are ejected at a certain distance from the center of the impeller 102, thereby increasing the centrifugal force of the small pellets.

[0074] S3: The drive module 4 drives the second feed pipe 3 to move relative to the center of the impeller 102, thereby changing the distance between the small pellet injection port and the center of the impeller 102. At the same time, when the second feed pipe 3 moves, the size of the first feed hole 201 and the second feed hole 301 are adjusted by the first adjustment plate 202 and the second adjustment plate 303.

[0075] S4: The greater the distance between the second feed pipe 3 and the center of the impeller 102, the smaller the first feed hole 201 and the larger the second feed hole 301. That is, the proportion of small pellets is higher and the proportion of large pellets is lower during the projection. The projection speed of small pellets is also faster, thereby increasing the number of small pellets while increasing the speed to compensate for the speed decay of small pellets.

[0076] S5: The shot blaster 1 uses shot of different sizes to achieve fine polishing, rough polishing, and mixed polishing of the casting surface by adjusting the ratio. Different ratios are adjusted according to the different strengths of the casting to achieve efficient and precise polishing.

[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface grinding device for castings, comprising a shot blaster (1), characterized in that: The shot blasting machine (1) includes a housing (101) and an impeller (102) rotatably disposed in the housing (101). The impeller (102) has a shot distribution wheel (103) at its center and a number of blades (104) evenly disposed on its outer edge. The housing (101) is fixedly provided with a first feed pipe (2) for injecting large pellets into the pellet wheel (103) and a second feed pipe (3) is movably provided for injecting small pellets between adjacent blades (104). The housing (101) is provided with a drive module (4) that drives the second feed pipe (3) to move laterally relative to the center of the impeller (102); The drive module (4) drives the second feed pipe (3) to shift to change the projection diameter of the small pellets entering the impeller (102), thereby changing the centrifugal force of the initial projection of the small pellets. The first feed pipe (2) is provided with a first feed hole (201) and a first adjusting plate (202) that cooperates with it, and the second feed pipe (3) is provided with a second feed hole (301) and a second adjusting plate (302) that cooperates with it. The second feed pipe (3) is provided with an adjusting rod (303) that drives the first adjusting plate (202) to rotate. The housing (101) is provided with an adjustment bracket (105) that cooperates with the second adjustment plate (302). Both the first adjusting plate (202) and the second adjusting plate (302) are provided with adjusting arms (5), and the adjusting arms (5) are provided with adjusting grooves (501) that cooperate with adjusting rods (303) or adjusting brackets (105). The adjustment groove (501) is a long groove. One end of the adjustment rod (303) is fixed on the second feed pipe (3), and the other end is vertically upward with an adjustment pin (304) that is fitted through the adjustment groove (501) on the first adjustment plate (202). When the second feed pipe (3) moves laterally through the drive module (4), the first adjustment plate (202) can be rotated by pulling the adjustment rod (303) and the adjustment pin (304), thereby adjusting the size of the feed inlet of the first feed hole (201). The adjusting bracket (105) is fixed with a positioning pin (106) that cooperates with the adjusting groove (501) on the second adjusting plate (302). The positioning pin (106) passes through the adjusting groove (501) on the second adjusting plate (302). When the second feed pipe (3) moves laterally through the drive module (4), the second adjusting plate (302) is positioned by the positioning pin (106), so that the second adjusting plate (302) rotates relative to the second feed hole (301), thereby adjusting the size of the feed opening of the second feed hole (301). The first adjusting plate (202) includes a first cover plate (203) that cooperates with the first feed hole (201), and the second adjusting plate (302) includes a second cover plate (305) that cooperates with the second feed hole (301).

2. The casting surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (101) is provided with a feed groove (107) that cooperates with the second feed pipe (3), and the second feed pipe (3) is provided with a flexible cover (108) that cooperates with the feed groove (107).

3. The casting surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shot blasting machine (1) includes a motor (6) connected to the impeller (102), and a knob (7) electrically connected to the motor (6) is provided on the first feed pipe (2). The knob (7) is provided with a drive rod (701), and the drive rod (701) is provided with a drive groove (702) that cooperates with the adjusting pin (304).

4. The casting surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (101) is provided with a first feed hopper (21) and a second feed hopper (31) respectively connected to the first feed pipe (2) and the second feed pipe (3). The second feed pipe (3) is connected to the second feed hopper (31) through a flexible pipe (32).

5. The casting surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feed hole (201) is evenly arranged around the first feed pipe (2), and the second feed hole (301) is evenly arranged around the second feed pipe (3); the number and size of the first cover plate (203) and the second cover plate (305) are adapted to the first feed hole (201) and the second feed hole (301).

6. A grinding method using a casting surface grinding apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The method is as follows: S1: Large pellets and small pellets are conveyed through the first feed pipe (2) and the second feed pipe (3) respectively. The large pellets enter the pellet distribution wheel (103) in the center of the impeller (102), and the small pellets enter between the adjacent blades (104). S2: The impeller (102) rotates, and the large pellets are thrown from the center of the impeller (102), while the small pellets are thrown at a certain distance from the center of the impeller (102), thereby increasing the centrifugal force of the small pellets; S3: The drive module (4) drives the second feed pipe (3) to move relative to the center of the impeller (102), thereby changing the distance between the small pellet injection port and the center of the impeller (102). At the same time, the second feed pipe (3) adjusts the size of the first feed hole (201) and the second feed hole (301) through the first adjustment plate (202) and the second adjustment plate (302) when it moves. S4: The greater the distance between the second feed pipe (3) and the center of the impeller (102), the smaller the first feed hole (201) and the larger the second feed hole (301). That is, the proportion of small pellets is higher and the proportion of large pellets is lower during the ejection. The ejection speed of small pellets is also faster, thereby increasing the number of small pellets ejected and increasing the speed to compensate for the speed decay of small pellets. S5: Shot blaster (1) The size of the shot is adjusted by proportion to achieve fine polishing, rough polishing and mixed polishing of the casting surface. Different proportions are adjusted according to the different strengths of the casting to achieve efficient and precise polishing.

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